CN108794988A - 利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108794988A CN108794988A CN201810648744.2A CN201810648744A CN108794988A CN 108794988 A CN108794988 A CN 108794988A CN 201810648744 A CN201810648744 A CN 201810648744A CN 108794988 A CN108794988 A CN 108794988A
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- pieces
- polyurethane
- leftover bits
- external wall
- wall insulation
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板及其制备方法，属于建筑材料领域；外墙保温板至少包含以下重量份原料：聚氨酯复合边角料500份，胶粘剂500‑800份，阻燃剂60‑250份，发泡剂90‑150份，填料50‑80份；其制备方法包括原料混合及压制工艺；本发明使用聚氨酯复合边角料为主要原料，有效利用了这种材料质轻、隔热、气味低、刚性佳、且具备吸音、隔音的性能特点，制成的外墙保温板，生产能耗低，可有效降低了生产成本，减少了化工等原料的使用，具有导热系数低、性价比高、物理性能优异的特点，可作为屋顶及墙面的保温隔热材料。
Description
技术领域：
本发明涉及到建筑材料技术领域，具体地讲是利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板及其制备方法，尤其涉及到以聚氨酯复合边角料为原料来生产的外墙保温板。
背景技术：
在建筑行业中，屋顶及墙面使用外墙保温板作为保温隔热材料，可有效降低建筑能耗，实现建筑实现冬季保暖，夏季隔热的功能。目前，常见的保温板主要有硬泡聚氨酯板、聚苯板、酚醛板、岩棉板及发泡水泥板等，种类繁多；但是这些材料都存在一定的缺陷，例如硬泡聚氨酯板、膨胀聚苯板、酚醛板等保温板材的物理性能较差；岩棉板虽然可达到建筑阻燃A级标准，但岩棉材料污染环境，损害人体健康；发泡水泥板的导热系数相对较高，结构容易塌陷等。因而，开发一种性价比高，综合性能好的保温板材料，成为众多企业及科研机构的开发目标。
在汽车等制造行业中，一些汽车内饰等产品，例如汽车顶棚、遮阳板等产品，是由纺织面料、玻璃纤维、聚氨酯发泡材料复合而成。这种聚氨酯复合材料制作的汽车内饰件，多具有质轻、隔热、气味低、刚性佳的特点，且具备吸音、隔音的功能。在生产过程当中，为得到标准尺寸的产品，需要对产品进行切边操作，因而产生边角料，这些聚氨酯复合边角料，难以降解，处理十分困难。目前国内外主要采用“掩埋法”及“焚烧法”进行处理，“掩埋法”占用大量用地，且造成了土地及环境污染，已逐步被禁止；普通的“焚烧法”会造成对大气的严重污染，升级产生的“水泥窑协同处置”的新焚烧方法，能够获取一定的能源，但目前还存在成本高，产生的有害气体处理难的问题。因而，很有必要开发一种新的聚氨酯复合边角料处理方法，能够充分利用聚氨酯复合边角料轻质、隔热及刚性佳等特点，并同时降低对环境的污染。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是克服上述已有技术的不足，而提供利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板。
本发明的另一目的是提供利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产外墙保温板的制备方法。
本发明主要解决现有的外墙保温板综合性能差及聚氨酯复合边角料处理难等问题。
本发明的技术方案是：利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特殊之处在于，按重量份计，至少包括如下组分：聚氨酯复合边角料500份、胶粘剂500-800份、阻燃剂60-250份、发泡剂90-150份、填料50-80份。
进一步的，所述的组分还包括润滑剂、抗水解剂、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、催化剂中的一种或多种助剂。
进一步的，所述的聚氨酯复合边角料为由纺织面料、玻璃纤维、聚氨酯发泡材料复合而成的材料，或具有类似结构的生产残余边角料。
进一步的，所述的胶粘剂为环氧树脂胶粘剂、酚醛树脂胶粘剂、不饱和聚酯树脂胶粘剂或聚氨酯树脂胶粘剂，以及这些胶粘剂的改性产品中的一种。
进一步的，所述的阻燃剂为磷酸三苯酯、磷酸甲苯二苯酯、磷酸三乙酯、二苯基磷酸酯、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐中的一种或多种混合。
进一步的，所述的填料为粉煤灰、硅藻土、石英砂、滑石粉、碳酸钙、空心玻璃微珠、色粉中的一种或多种混合。
进一步的，所述的发泡剂为偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯、对甲苯磺酰肼、碳酸氢钠、4,4′-氧代双苯磺酰肼、发泡微球中的一种或多种混合。
本发明的外墙保温板的制备方法，其特殊之处在于，包括如下步骤：
a将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，称量备用；
b将称量好的其它原料组分混合均匀；
c将a步骤称量好的粉碎边角料，投入到b步骤混合物中，混合均匀；
d将混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度110-130℃，物料固化成型后即得产品。
进一步的，所述的a步骤的小块边角料，单块长度≤6mm。
本发明所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板及其制备方法与已有技术相比具有突出的实质性特点和显著进步，1、外墙保温板以聚氨酯复合边角料作为原料之一，可发挥该材料质轻、隔热、气味低、刚性佳、且具备吸音、隔音的特点，辅助实现了外墙保温板的保温、隔热的功能要求；形态各异的小块聚氨酯边角料，在外力及胶粘剂的粘结作用下相互挤压粘结成型，过程中纺织物纤维与玻璃纤维重新搭接，构建成板材的骨架结构，成型的保温板整体强度高，尺寸稳定；为聚氨酯复合边角料的回收利用提供了新的方法，减少了对环境的污染；生产能耗低，可有效降低了生产成本，减少了化工等原料的使用，有利节能减排；制成的外墙保温板，具有导热系数低、性价比高、物理性能优异的特点，可作为屋顶及墙面的保温隔热材料；2、该方法先将胶粘剂、阻燃剂、填料及助剂混合增稠，然后在增稠的胶粘剂中混入粉碎的边角料，可减少胶粘剂向边角料中渗透，降低胶粘剂的用量。
具体实施方式：
以下结合实例对本发明的原理和特征进行描述，助剂均采用的是常规用量：
实施例1，准确称取聚氨酯复合边角料500g、环氧树脂胶粘剂800g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯150g、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐100g、偶氮二异丁腈150g、石英砂30g、粉煤灰30g、硅藻土20g、抗氧剂Irganox®1010 5.0g、润滑剂EBS 3.0g；聚氨酯复合边角料为由纺织面料、玻璃纤维、聚氨酯发泡材料复合而成的材料，或具有类似结构的生产残余边角料；
上述原料生产外墙保温板的制备方法如下：
1）将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，小块边角料单块长度≤6mm，称量500g备用；
2）将称量好的环氧树脂胶粘剂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、填料及助剂混合均匀；
3）将步骤1）称量好的小块边角料，投入到步骤2）混合物中，混合均匀；
4）将步骤3）混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度为110℃，待物料固化成型后取出，即得成品保温板。
该保温板容重170kg/m3，压缩强度626kPa，导热系数0.039W/（m·K），燃烧等级A级。
实施例2，准确称取聚氨酯复合边角料500g、聚氨酯树脂胶粘剂500g、磷酸三苯酯150g、偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯35g、碳酸氢钠35g、对甲苯磺酰肼20g、粉煤灰30g、硅藻土20g、抗氧剂Irganox®1010 3.0g、抗氧剂Irganox®1098 1.0g、光稳定剂Tinuvin®770 1.5g、光稳定剂Tinuvin®3280 1.0g、润滑剂油酸酰胺 2.0g、耐水解剂碳化二亚胺 1.5g；聚氨酯复合边角料为由纺织面料、玻璃纤维、聚氨酯发泡材料复合而成的材料，或具有类似结构的生产残余边角料；
上述原料生产的外墙保温板的制备方法如下：
1）将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，小块边角料单块长度≤6mm，称量500g备用；
2）将称量好的聚氨酯胶粘剂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、填料及助剂混合均匀；
3）将步骤1）称量好的小块边角料，投入到步骤2）混合物中，混合均匀；
4）将步骤3）混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度为130℃，待物料固化成型后取出，即得成品保温板。
该保温板容重125kg/m3，压缩强度532kPa，导热系数0.024W/（m·K），燃烧性能B级。
实施例3，准确称取聚氨酯复合边角料500g、酚醛树脂胶粘剂750g、磷酸三乙酯60g、对甲苯磺酰肼65g、发泡微球35g、碳酸钙50g、光稳定剂Tinuvin®622 3.0g；
上述原料生产外墙保温板的制备方法如下：
1）将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，称量500g备用；
2）将称量好的酚醛树脂胶粘剂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、填料及助剂混合均匀；
3）将步骤1）称量好的小块边角料，投入到步骤2）混合物中，混合均匀；
4）将步骤3）混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度为120℃，待物料固化成型后取出，即得成品保温板。
该保温板容重140kg/m3，压缩强度578kPa，导热系数0.026W/（m·K），燃烧性能A级。
实施例4，准确称取聚氨酯复合边角料500g、不饱和聚酯树脂胶粘剂600g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯90g、二苯基磷酸酯60g、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐50g、4,4′-氧代双苯磺酰肼120g、石英砂35g、空心玻璃微珠30g、抗氧剂Irganox®1010，3.0g、抗氧剂Irganox®168,2.0g、光稳定剂Tinuvin®770,3.0g、润滑剂油酸酰胺，2.5g；
上述原料组分生产外墙保温板的制备方法如下：
1）将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，称量500g备用；
2）将称量好的不饱和树脂胶粘剂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、填料及助剂混合均匀；
3）将步骤1）称量好的小块边角料，投入到步骤2）混合物中，混合均匀；
4）将步骤3）混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度为125℃，待物料固化成型后取出，即得成品保温板。
该保温板容重145kg/m3，压缩强度550kPa，导热系数0.038W/（m·K），燃烧性能B级。
实施例5，准确称取聚氨酯复合边角料500g、有机硅改性环氧树脂胶粘剂550g、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐60g、磷酸三乙酯60g、磷酸三苯酯50g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯50g、偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯60g、发泡微球30g、石英砂35g、空心玻璃微珠18g，滑石粉12g、硅藻土10g；
上述原料组分生产的外墙保温板的制备方法如下：
1）将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，称量500g备用；
2）将称量好的有机硅改性环氧树脂胶粘剂、阻燃剂、发泡剂、填料混合均匀；
3）将步骤1）称量好的小块边角料，投入到步骤2）混合物中，混合均匀；
4）将步骤3）混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度为120℃，待物料固化成型后取出，即得成品保温板。
该保温板容重135kg/m3，压缩强度516kPa，导热系数0.033W/（m·K），燃烧性能A级。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，按重量份计，至少包括如下组分：聚氨酯复合边角料500份、胶粘剂500-800份、阻燃剂60-250份、发泡剂90-150份、填料50-80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，所述的组分还包括润滑剂、抗水解剂、抗氧剂、光稳定剂、催化剂中的一种或多种助剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，所述的聚氨酯复合边角料为由纺织面料、玻璃纤维、聚氨酯发泡材料复合而成的材料，或具有类似结构的生产残余边角料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，所述的胶粘剂为环氧树脂胶粘剂、酚醛树脂胶粘剂、不饱和聚酯树脂胶粘剂或聚氨酯树脂胶粘剂，以及这些胶粘剂的改性产品中的一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，所述的阻燃剂为磷酸三苯酯、磷酸甲苯二苯酯、磷酸三乙酯、二苯基磷酸酯、三聚氰胺聚磷酸盐中的一种或多种混合。
6.根据权利要求1所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，所述的填料为粉煤灰、硅藻土、石英砂、滑石粉、碳酸钙、空心玻璃微珠、色粉中的一种或多种混合。
7.根据权利要求1所述的利用聚氨酯复合边角料生产的外墙保温板，其特征在于，所述的发泡剂为偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二甲酸二异丙酯、对甲苯磺酰肼、碳酸氢钠、4,4′-氧代双苯磺酰肼、发泡微球中的一种或多种混合。
8.上述权利要求1-7中任意一项外墙保温板的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
a将聚氨酯复合边角料粉碎为小块边角料，称量备用；
b将称量好的其它原料组分混合均匀；
c将a步骤称量好的粉碎边角料，投入到b步骤混合物中，混合均匀；
d将混合好的物料放入平板压机中压制，压制温度110-130℃，物料固化成型后即得产品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的外墙保温板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的a步骤的小块边角料，单块长度≤6mm。
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| CN111849147A (zh) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-10-30 | 宁波耀众模塑科技有限公司 | 一种聚氨酯发泡产品用阻燃剂的高分子材料混合物 |
| CN113845767A (zh) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-28 | 华力汽车部件(南通)有限公司 | 一种汽车专用隔音海绵及其制备方法 |
| CN114766753A (zh) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-22 | 高梵(浙江)信息技术有限公司 | 一种高保暖性能的羽绒服及其制备方法 |
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| CN114766753A (zh) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-22 | 高梵(浙江)信息技术有限公司 | 一种高保暖性能的羽绒服及其制备方法 |
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