CN108788258A - The double pillar construction lathes of the combined numerically controlled milling of blisk - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-column structure machine tool for integral blisk composite numerical control milling, which is used to solve the technical problem of poor rigidity of the existing integral blisk composite numerical control milling machine tool. The technical scheme is that the double columns of the double column structure machine tool are respectively the disc milling column and the plunge milling and side milling columns. The disc milling column is used to install the disc milling device, and the plunge milling and side milling column is used to install the plunge milling and side milling device. The double column structure can effectively reduce the bearing capacity of the column, thus ensuring the rigidity of the column of the machine tool. When the disc milling device or the plunge milling and side milling device is in the process of processing, the cutting vibration will not have any influence on the other device, thereby ensuring the stability of the processing. In addition, the double-column structure is convenient for installation and debugging, and the two sets of devices on the double-column exist independently, which effectively guarantees the accuracy of installation and debugging.

Description

Integral Blisk Composite CNC Milling Double Column Structure Machine Tool

technical field

The invention relates to an integral blisk compound numerical control milling machine tool, in particular to an integral blisk compound numerical control milling machine tool with double column structure.

Background technique

Refer to Figure 2. The document "Chinese Invention Patent Application Publication No. CN103111674A" discloses a parallel structure machine tool for integral blisk composite numerical control milling. The machine tool includes a disc milling device 2, a rotary table 6, an X-axis machine guide rail 9, a Y-axis machine guide rail 14, a plunge milling and side milling device 15, a first Z-axis machine guide rail 19, a column 21, and a second Z-axis machine guide rail 25. Rotation axis A, rotation axis B and rotation axis C. The whole blisk is installed on the rotary table 6, the column 21 moves along the Y-axis machine guide rail 14, and at the same time the rotary table 6 moves along the X-axis machine guide rail 9 to the processable range of the disk milling device 2, and the disk milling device 2 moves along the second The guide rail 25 of the Z-axis machine tool moves up and down to a suitable position, and then the disc milling device 2 rotates to a certain angle along the rotation axis B according to the twist degree of the overall blisk channel, and starts the disc milling of the channel. After the first channel is completed, the rotary table 6 Rotate along the rotation axis C to the angle of the second channel, and continue the disc milling and cutting. After all the channel disc milling and cutting are completed, the rotary table 6 moves along the X-axis machine guide rail 9 to the processing of the plunge milling and side milling device 15 range, the plunge milling and side milling device 15 moves up and down to a suitable position along the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19, and the plunge milling and side milling device 15 adjusts the angle in due course along the rotation axis A to perform the plunge milling process of the whole blisk; After the channel plunge milling is completed, the plunge milling and side milling device 15 is also used to perform side milling of the overall blisk, thereby realizing efficient and powerful composite numerical control milling of the overall blisk. In the single column structure adopted by the machine tool in the background art, the disc milling device 2 and the plunge milling and side milling device 15 are all installed on the column 21. This structure is not conducive to the adjustment of the machine tool assembly accuracy, and in the process of disc milling or plunge milling, The disc milling device 2 or the plunge milling and side milling device 15 rises to the top of the column 21, which affects the stability and rigidity of the machine tool.

The blisk is the core component of a high-thrust-to-weight ratio, high-performance engine, and it is also a key part for weight reduction, efficiency increase and performance improvement of major equipment in the fields of aerospace, defense, energy, and power. Compared with the traditional blade and hub assembly structure, the integral blisk omits the tenon, tenon groove and corresponding connecting parts, reduces the weight, improves the thrust-to-weight ratio, and improves the working life, safety and reliability of the engine. However, due to its structure Complexity, narrow passages, poor openness, etc., make its manufacturing technology an international problem. Therefore, realizing high-efficiency, high-quality, and low-cost CNC machining of the blisk is the core key technology to improve the manufacturing level of major national equipment and improve the performance of aero-engines.

At present, domestic blisk machining generally adopts and relies on imported general-purpose five-coordinate machine tools for plunging and milling, which is difficult to meet the high-efficiency and low-cost manufacturing requirements of blisk parts. Especially in the rough machining stage, the tool specifications used in the machining process are many and the tool wear is serious, resulting in long machining cycle, low efficiency and high cost. Foreign newly developed blisk processing technology and equipment technology impose a strict technical blockade on our country. A large amount of domestic blisk processing experience shows that: the existing blisk rough machining equipment and technology have become the bottleneck problem in achieving high-efficiency and low-cost manufacturing in the blisk engineering batch production. According to the data, in the manufacture of the overall blisk of the first-stage fan of a new type of aero-engine, about 90% of the material removed by slotting rough machining is used, and the imported general-purpose five-coordinate machining center with high precision and high cost is used, even if advanced plunge-milling technology is used , Grooving rough processing still takes about 40 to 50 days. The processing efficiency is extremely low, and it is difficult to adapt to the mass production needs of domestic aero-engines, which seriously restricts the technological progress and independent innovation of my country's new-generation aero-engines, and limits the leapfrog development of my country's aviation industry and the sustainable development of the national economy. Therefore, it is very urgent and necessary to carry out the research on the high-efficiency and powerful composite CNC milling process and equipment technology of the blisk to realize the high-efficiency and low-cost processing of the blisk and meet the mass production.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiency of poor rigidity of the existing integral blisk composite numerical control milling machine tool, the present invention provides a double column structure machine tool for integral blisk composite numerical control milling. The double columns of the machine tool are disc milling column and plunge milling and side milling column respectively. The disc milling column is used to install the disc milling device, and the plunge milling and side milling column is used to install the plunge milling and side milling device. The double column structure can effectively reduce the bearing capacity of the column, thus ensuring the rigidity of the column of the machine tool. When the disk milling device or the plunge milling and side milling device is in the process of processing, the cutting vibration will not have any influence on the other device, thereby ensuring the stability of the processing. In addition, the double-column structure is convenient for installation and debugging, and the two sets of devices on the double-column exist independently, which effectively guarantees the accuracy of installation and debugging.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a kind of double-column structure machine tool for integral blisk composite numerical control milling, including a disc milling device 2, a rotary table 6, an X-axis machine tool guide rail 9, a Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, an inserting Milling and side milling device 15, first Z-axis machine guide rail 19 and second Z-axis machine tool guide rail 25 are characterized in that they also include disc milling column 1, disc milling cutter 3, plunge milling and side milling column 4, X-axis machine slide Pillow 8, square table 10, X-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 11, Y-axis machine tool ram 13, electric spindle 16, first Z-axis machine tool ram 18, first Z-axis servo motor and ball screw Nut pair 20, second Z-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 22, Y-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 23, and second Z-axis machine tool ram 24. The X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 and the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14 are in a cross-shaped structure. The X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 is installed on the ground through screws, the X-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 11 are installed on the X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 through screws, and the X-axis machine tool ram 8 is directly stuck on the X-axis machine tool guide rail. 9, the Y-axis machine guide rail 14 is connected with the X-axis machine tool ram 8 through screws, the Y-axis machine tool ram 13 is directly stuck on the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, and the Y-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 23 are installed on the X-axis machine tool ram 8 through screws. On the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, the square table 10 is installed on the Y-axis machine tool ram 13 by screws, and the rotary table 6 is installed on the square table 10 by screws. The disc milling column 1 is fastened on the ground on the rear side of the X-axis machine guide rail 9 by screws; the plunge milling and side milling column 4 is fastened on the ground on the right side of the X-axis machine guide rail 9 by screws. The first Z-axis servo motor, the ball screw nut pair 20 and the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19 are fastened to the plunge milling and side milling column 4 by screws, and the first Z-axis machine tool ram 18 is directly stuck on the second On the guide rail 19 of a Z-axis machine tool. The plunge milling and side milling device 15 is mounted on the first Z-axis machine tool ram 18 by screws, combined with the plunge milling and side milling column 4, and can move up and down along the first Z-axis machine tool guide rail 19. The electric spindle 16 is installed together with the plunge milling and side milling device 15 by screws. The second Z-axis servo motor, the ball screw nut pair 22 and the second Z-axis machine guide rail 25 are fastened on the disc milling column 1 by screws. The second Z-axis machine tool ram 24 is directly stuck on the second Z-axis machine tool guide rail 25, and the disk milling device 2 is installed on the second Z-axis machine tool ram 24 by screws, combined with the disk milling column 1, and can be The second Z-axis machine guide rail 25 moves up and down. The disc milling cutter 3 is mounted together with the disc milling device 2 through a keyway.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that: the double columns of the machine tool are the disc milling column and the plunge milling and side milling columns respectively. The disc milling column is used to install the disc milling device, and the plunge milling and side milling column is used to install the plunge milling and side milling device. The double column structure can effectively reduce the bearing capacity of the column, thus ensuring the rigidity of the column of the machine tool. When the disk milling device or the plunge milling and side milling device is in the process of processing, the cutting vibration will not have any influence on the other device, thereby ensuring the stability of the processing. In addition, the double-column structure is convenient for installation and debugging, and the two sets of devices on the double-column exist independently, which effectively guarantees the accuracy of installation and debugging.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a double-column structure machine tool for integral blisk composite numerical control milling according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a parallel structure machine tool for integral blisk composite numerical control milling in the background technology.

In the figure, 1-disc milling column, 2-disc milling device, 3-disc milling cutter, 4-plunge milling and side milling column, 6-rotary table, 8-X-axis machine ram, 9-X-axis machine guide rail , 10-square table, 11-X-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair, 13-Y-axis machine tool ram, 14-Y-axis machine guide rail, 15-plunge milling and side milling device, 16-electric spindle, 18 -1st Z-axis machine tool ram, 19-1st Z-axis machine guide rail, 20-1st Z-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair, 21-column, 22-2nd Z-axis servo motor and ball screw nut Vice, 23-Y-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair, 24-second Z-axis machine ram, 25-second Z-axis machine guide rail, linear axis X, linear axis Y, linear axis Z1, linear axis Z2, Rotary axis A, rotary axis B, rotary axis C, spindle SP.

Detailed ways

The following examples refer to FIG. 1 .

The present invention compares with background technology, and its common feature is:

1. The processing object is the same, that is, the whole blisk.

2. The main functional components are the same, that is, the disc milling device and the plunge milling and side milling device, both of which can realize the functions of disc, plunge and side milling.

The differences are:

1. The present invention adopts a double-column structure, that is, a disc milling column and a plunge milling and side milling column, and the disc milling device and the plunge milling and side milling device are respectively installed on two different columns. While the background technology adopts a single column structure, the disc milling device and the plunge milling and side milling devices share a column;

2. The machine parameters are different.

parameter Background technique this invention table diameter Φ800 Φ1000 The maximum load of the workbench 1500kg 3000kg Disk milling power head swing angle (B axis) -90°～90° -180°～180° X-axis travel ≥3000mm ≥1700mm Y-axis travel ≥1400mm ≥1200mm X/Y/Z1/Z2 linear axis positioning accuracy ±0.02/1000mm 0.02/1000mm Repeat positioning accuracy of A/B/C rotary axis ±7″ 7″ Disc milling spindle maximum torque 19000Nm 5000Nm

Compared with the background technology, the present invention expands the processing range of the machine tool, improves the precision level of the machine tool, has a more compact structure of the machine tool, and enhances the stability and rigidity of the machine tool.

The double-column structure machine tool for integral blisk composite CNC milling of the present invention includes a disk milling device 2, a rotary table 6, an X-axis machine guide rail 9, a Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, a plunge milling and side milling device 15, and a first Z-axis machine tool guide rail 19. And the second Z-axis machine guide rail 25, also includes disc milling column 1, disc milling cutter 3, plunge milling and side milling column 4, X-axis machine tool ram 8, square worktable 10, X-axis servo motor and ball screw nut Vice 11, Y-axis machine tool ram 13, electric spindle 16, first Z-axis machine tool ram 18, first Z-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 20, second Z-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 22 , Y-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 23 and the second Z-axis machine tool ram 24. The X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 and the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14 are in a cross-shaped structure. The X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 is installed on the ground through screws, the X-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 11 are installed on the X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 through screws, and the X-axis machine tool ram 8 is directly stuck on the X-axis machine tool guide rail. 9, the Y-axis machine guide rail 14 is connected with the X-axis machine tool ram 8 through screws, the Y-axis machine tool ram 13 is directly stuck on the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, and the Y-axis servo motor and ball screw nut pair 23 are installed on the X-axis machine tool ram 8 through screws. On the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, the square table 10 is installed on the Y-axis machine tool ram 13 by screws, and the rotary table 6 is installed on the square table 10 by screws. The disc milling column 1 is fastened on the ground on the rear side of the X-axis machine guide rail 9 by screws; the plunge milling and side milling column 4 is fastened on the ground on the right side of the X-axis machine guide rail 9 by screws. The first Z-axis servo motor, the ball screw nut pair 20 and the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19 are fastened to the plunge milling and side milling column 4 by screws, and the first Z-axis machine tool ram 18 is directly stuck on the second On the guide rail 19 of a Z-axis machine tool. The plunge milling and side milling device 15 is mounted on the first Z-axis machine tool ram 18 by screws, combined with the plunge milling and side milling column 4, and can move up and down along the first Z-axis machine tool guide rail 19. The electric spindle 16 is installed together with the plunge milling and side milling device 15 by screws. The second Z-axis servo motor, the ball screw nut pair 22 and the second Z-axis machine guide rail 25 are fastened on the disc milling column 1 by screws. The second Z-axis machine tool ram 24 is directly stuck on the second Z-axis machine tool guide rail 25, and the disk milling device 2 is installed on the second Z-axis machine tool ram 24 by screws, combined with the disk milling column 1, and can be The second Z-axis machine guide rail 25 moves up and down. The disc milling cutter 3 is mounted together with the disc milling device 2 through a keyway.

The main performance parameters of the machine tool are:

Table diameter:

The range of processed products is

Machine tool MTBF: 1500 hours;

Machine tool TK: 15000 hours.

The maximum speed of the plunge milling spindle is ≥8000r/min, and the torque is ≥900Nm;

Maximum speed of disk milling: 250r/min, torque ≥ 5000Nm;

Fast moving speed (X/Y/Z1/Z2 axis) ≥ 20m/min;

The maximum load-bearing capacity of the workbench: 3000kg;

Number of control axes: 7, working channels: 2, number of linkage axes: 5.

The main stroke parameters of the machine tool: linear axis X stroke ≥ 1700mm, linear axis Y stroke ≥ 1200mm, first Z axis stroke ≥ 1200mm, second Z axis stroke ≥ 1200mm, rotation axis A stroke: -15°～105°, rotation axis B Stroke: -180°～180°, rotation axis C stroke: 0°～360°.

Machine tool accuracy inspection: X/Y/Z1/Z2: 0.02/1000mm, A/B/C: 12〞; repeat positioning accuracy: X/Y/Z1/Z2: 0.016/1000mm, A/B/C: 7〞.

This kind of machine tool integrates the three processes of disc milling, plunge milling and side milling on one machine tool, which effectively reduces the clamping time of parts. The processing efficiency is increased by 3-4 times.

Specific processing method:

Step 1. Clamp the blisk on the rotary table 6. The square table 10 and the rotary table 6 move together along the X-axis machine guide rail 9 and the Y-axis machine guide rail 14 to the disk milling device 2 along the second Z-axis. within the stroke range of the up and down movement. Then the disk milling device 2 moves up and down along the second Z-axis machine tool guide rail 25 to a suitable height, and at the same time the disk milling device 2 rotates to a suitable angle along the rotation axis B according to the degree of twist of the entire blisk channel, the ratchet disk is locked, and the disk The milling cutter 3 starts to rotate, and the disc milling cutting process can be carried out. After the first channel is processed, the disc milling cutter 3 and the disc milling device 2 exit together along the second Z-axis machine tool guide rail 25, and then the rotary table 6 moves along the rotation axis. C rotates to the angle of the second channel, and the disc milling cutter 3 and the disc milling device 2 feed together to process the second channel. Repeat the above steps until all the disc milling processes of the channels are completed. The disc milling cutter 3 and the disc milling device 2 The disk milling device 2 retracts along the guide rail 25 of the second Z-axis machine tool together.

Step 2, the square table 10 and the rotary table 6 move together along the X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 and the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14 to within the stroke range where the plunge milling and side milling device 15 moves up and down along the first Z axis, plunge milling and The side milling device moves up and down along the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19 to a suitable height, and then plunge milling can be performed. During the plunge milling process, the electric spindle 16 rotates along the rotation axis A in a timely manner according to the numerical control program. After the first channel is finished, the plunge milling and side milling device 15 retracts along the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19, and then the rotary table 6 rotates along the rotation axis C to the processing angle of the second channel, and the plunge milling and side milling The milling device 15 feeds along the guide rail 19 of the first Z-axis machine tool, and then the plunge-milling process of the second channel can be performed. Repeat the above steps until all the channels are plunged and milled, and the plunge milling and side milling device 15 retracts along the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19 .

Step 3, plunge milling and side milling share a set of devices. After the plunge milling is completed, the square table 10 and the rotary table 6 do not need to move along the X-axis machine tool guide rail 9 and the Y-axis machine tool guide rail 14, that is, in the side milling within the machinable range. Before the side milling process starts, it is only necessary to replace the tool for side milling on the electric spindle 16, and then the plunge milling and side milling device 15 moves up and down along the first Z-axis machine guide rail 19 to a suitable height, and then the side milling process can be started . During the side milling process, the electric spindle 16 rotates along the rotation axis A in time according to the numerical control program. After the processing of the first channel is completed, the plunge milling and side milling device 15 retracts along the guide rail 19 of the first Z-axis machine tool, and then the rotary table 6 rotates along the direction of the rotation axis C to the processing angle of the second channel, and then the second channel can be processed. Two-pass side milling. The above steps are repeated until the side milling of all channels is completed, and the plunge milling and side milling device 15 retracts along the guide rail 19 of the first Z-axis machine tool.

After the above three steps are completed, the compound milling of the blisk is completed.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of double pillar construction lathes of combined numerically controlled milling of blisk, including disk milling apparatus (2), rotary table (6), X Axis machine tool guideway (9), inserts milling and side milling device (15), the first Z axis machine tool guideway (19) and the second Z axis at Y-axis machine tool guideway (14) Machine tool guideway (25), it is characterised in that：Further include disk milling column (1), wire rod quality (3), insert milling and side milling column (4), X-axis lathe Ram (8), scanning table (10), X-axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (11), Y-axis machine ram (13), electro spindle (16), the first Z axis machine ram (18), the first Z axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (20), the second Z axis servo motor And ball guide screw nat (22), Y-axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (23) and the second Z axis machine ram (24)；Institute The X-axis machine tool guideway (9) and Y-axis machine tool guideway (14) stated are in cross-shaped configuration；The X-axis machine tool guideway (9) passes through screw On the ground, X-axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (11) are mounted on by screw on X-axis machine tool guideway (9), X for installation Axis machine ram (8) is directly clamped among on X-axis machine tool guideway (9), and Y-axis machine tool guideway (14) passes through screw and X-axis machine ram (8) Connection, Y-axis machine ram (13) are directly clamped among on Y-axis machine tool guideway (14), Y-axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (23) It is mounted on Y-axis machine tool guideway (14) by screw, scanning table (10) is mounted on Y-axis machine ram (13) by screw On, rotary table (6) is mounted on by screw on scanning table (10)；The disk milling column (1) is fastened by screw On the ground on rear side of X-axis machine tool guideway (9)；The slotting milling and side milling column (4) is fastened on X-axis machine tool guideway by screw (9) on the ground on the right side of；The first Z axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (20) and the first Z axis machine tool guideway (19) it is fastened in slotting milling and side milling column (4) by screw, the first Z axis machine ram (18) is directly clamped among the first Z axis lathe On guide rail (19)；It inserts milling and side milling device (15) to be mounted on the first Z axis machine ram (18) by screw, with slotting milling and side milling Column (4) is combined, and can be moved up and down along the first Z axis machine tool guideway (19)；Electro spindle (16) is by screw and inserts Milling and side milling device (15) are installed together；Second Z axis servo motor and ball guide screw nat (22) and the second Z axis lathe are led Rail (25) is fastened on by screw on disk milling column (1)；Second Z axis machine ram (24) is directly clamped among the second Z axis machine tool guideway (25) on, disk milling apparatus (2) is mounted on by screw on the second Z axis machine ram (24), is combined one with disk milling column (1) It rises, and can be moved up and down along the second Z axis machine tool guideway (25)；Wire rod quality (3) is mounted on one by keyway and disk milling apparatus (2) It rises.