CN102626936B - Numerical control woodworking machine tool and method for finely processing wood product thereby - Google Patents
Numerical control woodworking machine tool and method for finely processing wood product thereby Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a numerical control woodworking machine tool which comprises a body provided with a feeding unit as well as a roughing turning tool table and a fine turning tool table, wherein the roughing turning tool table and the fine turning tool table are arranged face to face and are both equipped with a piece of power equipment for driving them to undergo a linear and reciprocating motion perpendicular to axis of the body. The two pieces of power equipment are connected with their corresponding control modules which are provided with an interpolation arithmetic unit, wherein the interpolation arithmetic unit of the fine turning tool table is used for controlling a machining contrail that a fine turning tool automatically tracks a roughing turning tool in real time. The invention further provides a method for finely processing a wood product by using the numerical control woodworking machine tool to overcome a double-fold eyelid. The numerical control woodworking machine tool and the method for finely processing wood product thereby provided by the invention can significantly improve processing efficiency of wood products, and overcome a double-fold eyelid phenomenon in wood product processing by using the numerical control woodworking machine tool, thus solving a technical problem existing long in the field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wood craft machines technical field, be specifically related to a kind of wood craft machines with double-knife bench, and apply the method that it overcomes the retrofit woodwork of double-edged eyelid.
Background technology
In Decoration Industry, woodwork, because good hand touch, class are high, is more and more subject to people's favor.Wherein revolving body woodwork or its semi-finished product such as the Rome column of Wooden stair, tables and chairs leg, head of a bed accessory, clothes hanger, washstand, vase, process by carpenter's process equipment especially wood-turning machine mostly.
At present, on market, existing wood-turning machine is general adopts single processing cutter platform, although adopt the wood-turning machine of single processing cutter platform can meet basic processing needs, the woodwork after its processing needs further polishing to make it smooth surface.
In order to improve the working (machining) efficiency of woodwork, complete roughing and the fine finishining of woodwork simultaneously, those skilled in the art have done a large amount of work for a long time.Mainly that two processing cutter platforms are set on wood craft machines, one of them processing cutter platform is to the rough turn processing of woodwork, another processing cutter platform is to the polishing of woodwork finish turning, and two processing cutter platforms are installed on same leading screw, and the thread rotary orientation arranging on leading screw is contrary, drive unit can drive leading screw, make the synchronous feed of two processing cutter platforms or withdrawing, still, under this structure, the woodwork processing all can occur that machining locus has overlapping phenomenon, and those skilled in the art are referred to as double-edged eyelid.
Therefore, how to design a kind of double-knife bench numerical control woodworking lathe greatly to improve the working (machining) efficiency of woodwork, and utilize it to overcome the bowtie effect in woodwork processing, become the long-standing technical barrier in this area.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide numerical control woodworking lathe and utilizes the method for its retrofit woodwork, it improves the working (machining) efficiency of woodwork greatly, and utilize the bowtie effect overcoming in woodwork processing, thereby eliminate defect in above-mentioned background technology.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is:
Numerical control woodworking lathe, comprise fuselage, on described fuselage, be provided with feeding unit material, on described fuselage, be also provided with roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe, roughing tool platform is installed with carefully tool rest of lathe is relative, roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe are provided with the power-equipment for driving it to carry out straight reciprocating motion perpendicular to described fuselage axis, described power-equipment connects each self-corresponding control module, described control module has interpolation operation unit, wherein, the interpolation operation unit of thin tool rest of lathe is in order to control the machining locus of thin lathe tool automatic real-time track roughing tool.
Preferably, the roughing tool on described roughing tool platform matches with thin lathe tool on thin tool rest of lathe, and the range deviation along axis of workpiece between the roughing tool of cooperation and thin lathe tool is not more than 1mm.
Further, one end of described fuselage is provided with unit head, and the other end is provided with tailstock, is provided with the feeding unit material of cooperation on described unit head and tailstock, is rotatablely equipped with at least one rotating shaft on described unit head; Roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe are installed between described unit head and tailstock.
Preferably, on described unit head, be rotatablely equipped with two rotating shafts.Be that described numerical control woodworking lathe is twin shaft wood craft machines.
Obviously, on described each cutter platform, the number of lathe tool should adapt with the number of rotating shaft.
As preferably, described power-equipment includes and drives leading screw and the stepper motor or the servomotor that are connected with described driving leading screw power, and described stepper motor or servomotor connect each self-corresponding control module.Said structure has utilized and has driven leading screw and stepper motor or the good controllability of servomotor, conveniently the position of each cutter platform is adjusted respectively.
Further preferred, described power-equipment includes slide carriage, and the bottom engagement of described slide carriage is installed on and drives on leading screw, and the top of described slide carriage fixedly mounts described cutter platform.Said structure has utilized the straight-line guidance that slide carriage is good, and meanwhile, slide carriage also can well protect inner parts, avoids the impurity such as wood chip stained to it.
Described control module all has interpolation operation unit.Interpolation operation is exactly that machine tool numerical control system is determined the process of cutting tool path according to pattern.Also can say, some data on known curve, according to the method for the intermediate point between certain algorithm calculating known point, also referred to as " densification of data point ".Numerical control device, according to the information of the parts program of input, carries out data densification by the space between the starting point of the described curve of program segment, terminal, thereby forms the profile traces requiring, and this " data densification " function is just called " interpolation ".It is exactly that numerical control device is according to the master data of input that interpolation is calculated, by calculating, the shape description of workpiece profile out, calculating limit, limit is sent feeding pulse according to result of calculation to each coordinate, corresponding each pulse, lathe moves the distance of a pulse equivalency on the coordinate direction of response, thereby workpiece is processed to the shape of required profile.Comprise linear interpolation, circular interpolation, interpolation operation unit is exactly the electronic installation forming for completing above-mentioned purpose DSP, FPGA, high-speed microprocessor etc.Because native system is mainly used in woodworking, there is its particularity, in order to improve fineness, two cover cutter platforms have been used, two cover interpolation operation unit, a set of responsible rough turn, a set of responsible thin car, rough turn interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for roughing tool platform driving arrangement, systematic parameter and procedure according to input carry out rough turn to workpiece, thin car interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for thin tool rest of lathe driving arrangement, the machining locus that automatic real-time track is rough turn, machining locus from cutter, it makes thin car all the time immediately following after rough turn, the tool marks of rough turn generation are removed, so effectively avoided the appearance of double-edged eyelid.Simultaneously because a procedure is completed jointly by two cuttves, thereby improved the fineness of workpiece.
Preferably, convenient and reliable for what operate, two control modules can integrated being arranged in same digital control system.
Obviously, described digital control system also comprises key-to-disk (in order to input parameter, procedure), keying signal splitter (in order to distribute keying signal), master controller (in order to total activation), switching value input block (limit switch, run switch, mode switch etc.), switch amount output unit (in order to indication, spindle motor startup, centering, the material folding of reporting to the police), stepper motor driver and centering and clamping device controller (in order to fixation workpiece) etc.On described fuselage, be also provided with follow-rest, follow two cutter platforms and move together during processing work, in turning process, follow-rest can effectively prevent that workpiece is because being subject to the cutting flexural deformation of cutter, and reduces vibrations and the tapering of workpiece.
A method of utilizing numerical control woodworking lathe retrofit woodwork, comprises the steps:
S1. utilize feeding unit material material loading, workpiece is automatically found center, two ends accurately and is clamped in rotating shaft; In this step, what this feeding unit material adopted is that application number is 200920352567.X, the feeding device of patent name for providing in " numerical-control wood processing lathe ";
S2. by one section of cylinder of the pre-car of workpiece, measure and obtain cylindrical diameter and length; Pre-one section of cylinder of car is to want to obtain length and the diameter after the pre-car of cutter, is procedure define program initial point (machining benchmark point);
S3. diameter step S2 being obtained and length input control module, confirm to preserve;
S4. utilize control module that speed and the rough turn surplus of processing are set, confirm to preserve;
S5. utilize control module that the program of machining locus scheme is set, move.
As a kind of preferred, in step S4, the speed of processing is selected between 10mm-3000mm/min.
As a kind of further preferred, in step S4, rough turn surplus free setting between 0mm-50mm.Rough turn surplus simply says to be exactly that the thin car amount that needs turning is (such as processing capacity is the timber of 10 millimeters, if rough turn surplus is 2, roughing tool needs car to go 8 millimeters so, and remaining 2 millimeters are completed by thin lathe tool, this is also by double-pole processing, the reason that fineness improves.)
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Numerical control woodworking lathe provided by the invention, on described fuselage, be also provided with roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe, roughing tool platform is installed with carefully tool rest of lathe is relative, wherein the roughing tool of roughing tool platform is to timber roughing, thin lathe tool on thin tool rest of lathe is to woodwork fine finishining, and the woodwork of producing is due to process fine finishining, and fineness is higher, can one-shot forming, avoid follow-up woodwork is polished, roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe are provided with the power-equipment for driving it to carry out straight reciprocating motion perpendicular to described fuselage axis, described power-equipment connects each self-corresponding control module, that is to say that each cutter platform independently moves, avoided in traditional structure two cutter platforms on same leading screw, the defect that can not make up mutually, and the power-equipment of each cutter platform connects each self-corresponding control module, each self-regulation is carried out in the feed action of each cutter platform, also realize and cooperatively interacting simultaneously, can be to the rough machined while fine finishining of woodwork, there will not be because axis spacing differs causes more greatly wood product surface to occur " double-edged eyelid " phenomenon.
In the present invention, the roughing tool on roughing tool platform obviously has a thin lathe tool coordinating with it, and this thin lathe tool is installed on described thin tool rest of lathe, and thin lathe tool and the roughing tool of two cooperations are not more than 1mm in the distance along axis of workpiece.This distance parameter draws for those skilled in the art pass through long-term practice, be easy to control, and under this range deviation, two control modules can realize between two cutter platforms and making up mutually, control thin lathe tool and follow the track operation of roughing tool, thereby there will not be bowtie effect.
In the present invention, the power-equipment of cutter platform comprises driving leading screw and the stepper motor or the servomotor that are connected with described driving leading screw power, described stepper motor or servomotor connect each self-corresponding control module, because the controllability of stepper motor or servomotor is stronger, and drive leading screw higher at straight-line displacement controlling party surface accuracy, meanwhile, above-mentioned drive unit is also easy to realize, so the preferred above power-equipment of the present invention.Based on said structure, the position of each cutter platform can require to realize respectively according to program and adjust, and it is higher to adjust precision, can fully meet the required precision that woodwork adds feed in man-hour and withdrawing.
In the present invention, the power-equipment of cutter platform also comprises slide carriage, and slide carriage moves back and forth under the drive that drives leading screw, and cutter platform is fixed on motion thereupon on slide carriage.Based on said structure, slide carriage has good straight-line guidance, there will not be left-right deviation, further improved the position precision of lathe tool, meanwhile, slide carriage also can well protect inner parts, avoids the impurity such as wood chip stained to it, also avoid the exposed injury to operating personnel that may cause of parts, improve the processing safety of equipment.
In the present invention, described control module has interpolation operation unit.Described interpolation operation unit for example, in the situation that inputting limited coordinate points (starting point, terminal) to control module, control module is according to the feature of line segment, use certain algorithm, between limited coordinate points, generate automatically a series of coordinate data, it is so-called data densification, thereby automatically each reference axis is carried out to pulse distribution, complete the track operation of whole line segment.Because native system is mainly used in woodworking, there is its particularity, in order to improve fineness, two cover cutter platforms have been used, two cover interpolation operation unit, a set of responsible rough turn, a set of responsible thin car, rough turn interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for roughing tool platform driving arrangement, systematic parameter and procedure according to input carry out rough turn to workpiece, thin car interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for thin tool rest of lathe driving arrangement, the machining locus that automatic real-time track is rough turn, machining locus from cutter, it makes thin car all the time immediately following after rough turn, the tool marks of rough turn generation are removed, so effectively avoided the appearance of double-edged eyelid.Simultaneously because a procedure is completed jointly by two cuttves, thereby improved the fineness of workpiece.
The present invention also provides the processing method of utilizing numerical control woodworking lathe to overcome double-edged eyelid, according to the step of this method, can realize high efficiency processing to workpiece, and can effectively overcome bowtie effect.
The present invention can improve the working (machining) efficiency of woodwork greatly, and utilizes it to overcome the bowtie effect in woodwork processing, has solved the long-standing technical barrier in this area.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of two cutter platforms;
In figure: 1. fuselage, 2. unit head, 3. tailstock, 4. feeding unit material, 5. rotating shaft, 6. cutter platform, 7. lathe tool, 8. drives leading screw, 9. stepper motor, 10. control module, 11. slide carriages, 12. stationary knife grooves, 13. fastening bolts, 14. protective covers, 15. follow-rests;
61. roughing tool platforms, 62. thin tool rest of lathes;
71. roughing tools, 72. thin lathe tools.
The specific embodiment
For technological means, creation characteristic that the present invention is realized, reach object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with concrete diagram, further set forth the present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, numerical control woodworking lathe, comprises fuselage 1, one end of described fuselage 1 is provided with unit head 2, the other end is provided with tailstock 3, is provided with the feeding unit material 4 of cooperation on described unit head 2 and tailstock 3, is rotatablely equipped with two rotating shafts 5 on described unit head 2; Between described unit head 2 and tailstock 3, cutter platform 6 is installed, described cutter platform 6 comprises roughing tool platform 61 and thin tool rest of lathe 62, be relatively arranged on described fuselage 1, equal detachable installation lathe tool 7 on described two cutter platforms 6, wherein, lathe tool 7 on roughing tool platform 61 is roughing tool 71, and the lathe tool 7 on thin tool rest of lathe is that 72, two roughing tools that cooperatively interact of thin lathe tool 71 and thin lathe tool 72 form lathe tool group; Described each cutter platform 6 be provided with for drive its perpendicular to fuselage 1 axis the power-equipment of straight reciprocating motion, described power-equipment connects each self-corresponding control module 10.
Obviously, on described each cutter platform 6, the number of lathe tool 7 should adapt with the number of rotating shaft 5, has two.In the present invention, the roughing tool 71 of described lathe tool group and thin lathe tool 72 are not more than 1mm in the distance along axis of workpiece.
In the present invention, the power-equipment of described each cutter platform 6 includes and drives leading screw 8 and the stepper motor 9 being connected with described driving leading screw 8 power, and described stepper motor 9 connects each self-corresponding control module 10.Said structure has utilized and has driven leading screw 8 and the good controllability of stepper motor 9, conveniently the position of each cutter platform 6 is adjusted respectively.The power-equipment of described each cutter platform 6 also comprises slide carriage 11, and the bottom engagement of described slide carriage 11 is installed on and drives on leading screw 8, and the top of described slide carriage 11 fixedly mounts described cutter platform 6.Said structure has utilized the good straight-line guidance of slide carriage 11, and meanwhile, slide carriage 11 also can well protect inner parts, avoids the impurity such as wood chip stained to it.Between the slide carriage 11 of the power-equipment of described two cutter platforms 7, be provided with protective cover 14.On described each cutter platform 6, be provided with two for the stationary knife seat of detachable installation lathe tool 7, described stationary knife seat comprises for locating the stationary knife groove 12 of lathe tool 7 and for lathe tool 7 being fixed on to the fastening bolt 13 in described stationary knife groove 12.Obviously, on described fuselage 1, be also provided with follow-rest 15, follow two cutter platforms 6 and move together during processing work, in turning process, follow-rest 15 can effectively prevent that workpiece is because being subject to the cutting flexural deformation of cutter, and reduces vibrations and the tapering of workpiece.
In the present invention, described control module 10 has interpolation operation unit.Described interpolation operation unit for example, in the situation that inputting limited coordinate points (starting point, terminal) to control module, control module is according to the feature of line segment, use certain algorithm, between limited coordinate points, generate automatically a series of coordinate data, it is so-called data densification, thereby automatically each reference axis is carried out to pulse distribution, complete the track operation of whole line segment.Because native system is mainly used in woodworking, there is its particularity, in order to improve fineness, roughing tool platform 61 and thin 62 liang of cover cutter platforms of tool rest of lathe have been used, two cover interpolation operation unit, a set of responsible roughing tool platform 61, a set of responsible thin tool rest of lathe 62, rough turn interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for roughing tool platform driving arrangement, systematic parameter and procedure according to input carry out rough turn to workpiece, thin car interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for thin tool rest of lathe driving arrangement, the machining locus that automatic real-time track is rough turn, machining locus from cutter, it makes thin car all the time immediately following after rough turn, the tool marks of rough turn generation are removed, so effectively avoided the appearance of double-edged eyelid.Simultaneously because a procedure is completed jointly by two cuttves, thereby improved the fineness of workpiece.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, describe and utilize numerical control woodworking lathe to overcome the processing method of double-edged eyelid.
Embodiment 1
Utilize numerical control woodworking lathe to overcome a retrofit woodwork method for double-edged eyelid, adopt following steps:
S1. utilize feeding unit material 4 material loadings, workpiece is automatically found center, two ends accurately and is clamped in rotating shaft 5; In this step, what this feeding unit material 4 adopted is that application number is 200920352567.X, the feeding device of patent name for providing in " numerical-control wood processing lathe ";
S2. by one section of cylinder of the pre-car of workpiece, measure and obtain cylindrical diameter and length;
S3. diameter step S2 being obtained and length input control module 10, confirm to preserve;
S4. the speed that by control module 10 processing is set is 10mm/min, and rough turn surplus is 10mm, confirms to preserve;
S5. utilize control module 10 that the program of machining locus scheme is set, move; During operation, roughing tool 71 can carry out roughing to woodwork, and then thin lathe tool 72 can be followed the machining locus of roughing tool 71, then the processing capacity of car 10mm.
The woodwork that processing obtains, smooth surface, without bowtie effect.
Embodiment 2
Utilize numerical control woodworking lathe to overcome a method for the retrofit woodwork of double-edged eyelid, adopt following steps:
S1. utilize feeding unit material 4 material loadings, workpiece is automatically found center, two ends accurately and is clamped in rotating shaft 5, and in this step, what this feeding unit material 4 adopted is that application number is 200920352567.X, the feeding device of patent name for providing in " numerical-control wood processing lathe ";
S2. by one section of cylinder of the pre-car of workpiece, measure and obtain cylindrical diameter and length;
S3. diameter step S2 being obtained and length input control module, confirm to preserve;
S4. the speed that by control module 10 processing is set is 3000mm/min, and rough turn surplus is 50mm, confirms to preserve;
S5. utilize control module 10 that the program of machining locus scheme is set, move.
The woodwork that processing obtains, smooth surface, without bowtie effect.
Embodiment 3
Utilize numerical control woodworking lathe to overcome a method for the retrofit woodwork of double-edged eyelid, adopt following steps:
S1. utilize feeding unit material 4 material loadings, workpiece is automatically found center, two ends accurately and is clamped in rotating shaft, and in this step, what this feeding unit material 4 adopted is that application number is 200920352567.X, the feeding device of patent name for providing in " numerical-control wood processing lathe ";
S2. by one section of cylinder of the pre-car of workpiece, measure and obtain cylindrical diameter and length;
S3. diameter step S2 being obtained and length input control module 10, confirm to preserve;
S4. the speed that by control module 10 processing is set is 1500mm/min, and rough turn surplus is 0mm, confirms to preserve;
S5. utilize control module 10 that the program of machining locus scheme is set, move; Interpolation operation unit in control module 10 is in the situation that to control module 10 input limited coordinate points (diameter that step S2 obtains and length), control module 10 is according to the feature of line segment in the machining locus scheme program arranging in step S5, use certain algorithm, between limited coordinate points, generate automatically a series of coordinate data, it is so-called data densification, thereby automatically each reference axis is carried out to pulse distribution, complete the track operation of whole line segment.Because native system is mainly used in woodworking, there is its particularity, in order to improve fineness, roughing tool platform 61 and thin 62 liang of cover cutter platforms of tool rest of lathe have been used, two cover interpolation operation unit, a set of responsible roughing tool platform 61, a set of responsible thin tool rest of lathe 62, rough turn interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for roughing tool platform driving arrangement, systematic parameter and procedure according to input carry out rough turn to workpiece, thin car interpolation operation unit provides pulse and direction for thin tool rest of lathe driving arrangement, the machining locus that automatic real-time track is rough turn, machining locus from cutter, it makes thin car all the time immediately following after rough turn, the tool marks of rough turn generation are removed, so effectively avoided the appearance of double-edged eyelid.
The woodwork that final processing obtains, smooth surface, without bowtie effect.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiment, and all are based on technical conceive of the present invention, and the structural improvement of having done, all falls among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. numerical control woodworking lathe, comprise fuselage, on described fuselage, be provided with feeding unit material, it is characterized in that: on described fuselage, be also provided with roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe, roughing tool platform is installed with carefully tool rest of lathe is relative, roughing tool platform and thin tool rest of lathe are provided with for driving its power-equipment that carries out straight reciprocating motion perpendicular to described fuselage axis, and described power-equipment connects each self-corresponding control module, and described control module has interpolation operation unit; Roughing tool on described roughing tool platform matches with thin lathe tool on thin tool rest of lathe, and the range deviation along axis of workpiece between the roughing tool of cooperation and thin lathe tool is not more than 1mm; Described power-equipment includes and drives leading screw and the stepper motor or the servomotor that are connected with described driving leading screw power, and described stepper motor or servomotor connect each self-corresponding control module.
2. numerical control woodworking lathe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described power-equipment includes slide carriage, and the bottom engagement of described slide carriage is installed on and drives on leading screw, and the top of described slide carriage fixedly mounts described cutter platform.
3. numerical control woodworking lathe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described control module is integrated to be arranged in same digital control system.
4. numerical control woodworking lathe as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described numerical control woodworking lathe is twin shaft wood craft machines.
5. a method of utilizing numerical control woodworking lathe retrofit woodwork as claimed in claim 1, comprises the steps:
S1. utilize feeding unit material material loading, workpiece is automatically found center, two ends accurately and is clamped in rotating shaft;
S2. by one section of cylinder of the pre-car of workpiece, measure and obtain cylindrical diameter and length;
S3. diameter step S2 being obtained and length input control module, confirm to preserve;
S4. utilize control module that speed and the rough turn surplus of processing are set, confirm to preserve;
S5. utilize control module that the program of machining locus scheme is set, move.
6. the method for numerical control woodworking lathe retrofit woodwork as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: in described step S4, the speed of processing is selected between 10mm-3000mm/min.
7. the method for the numerical control woodworking lathe retrofit woodwork as described in claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that: in described step S4, and rough turn surplus free setting between 0mm-50mm.
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| CN103448102A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-18 | 吴伟章 | Automatic stick cutting and threading machine |
| CN108393973A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-14 | 湖州南浔勇嘉木业有限公司 | A kind of long axle tree turning machine |
| CN110508832B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2024-03-22 | 吉林大学 | Multi-cutter efficient synchronous dynamic balance turning machine tool and machining method |
| CN110737240A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-01-31 | 天津市天森智能设备有限公司 | double-tool grinding device for machining revolving body and tool path generating method |
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