CN1087874C - 高温超导体电流引线制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
高温超导体电流引线制备方法,适用于Bi-2223相高温超导体材料。其特征是用硝酸盐或草酸盐共沉淀方法制取热分解粉末,在保护气氛中对热分解粉末进行混合研磨和烧结热处理,采用等静压制成棒或管状制品,对其压制制品再经过热处理、二次压制和二次热处理,获得高温超导体电流引线,该引线具有致密度高,可通过大电流的优点。
Description
高温超导体电流引线制备方法,适用于Bi-2223相高温超导体材料。
高温超导体材料在液氮温度77K下具有超导性,而且热导率低,已经越来越广泛的应用于超导磁体系统中的传输电流引线和超导故障电流限制器以及超导屏蔽管、超导谐振腔等超导电子学方面,据报导,目前已有熔融织构生长法、熔化慢冷生长法、熔融离心铸造法和热挤压成形法可制备高温超导体电流引线。
本发明的目的是提供一种致密度高,通过电流大的Bi-2223相高温超导体棒或管电流引线材料。
上述目的是通过以下技术方案实现的。
一种高温超导体电流引线制备方法,包括:制备热分解粉末
将Bi2O3、PbO、SrCO3、CaO、CuO化合物采用草酸盐或硝酸盐共沉淀方法制备,在500℃温度下,进行1小时的热分解,然后在氧气氛中进行混合研磨2小时,得到热分解粉末,
其特征在于还包括以下步骤:
a.预处理粉末
将热分解粉末放在银箔上置入炉内,在700℃空气中经过20小时焙烧,然后在氧气氛中混合研磨6-8小时,接着在800℃空气中经10小时焙烧,再在空气中混合研磨1小时,得到预处理粉末;
b.压制成型
将预处理粉末装入乳胶模套中,乳胶模套两端用橡皮塞封堵,并在乳胶模套外套上金属保护管,用等静压制成棒或管,其等静压工作压力为200MPa;
c.一次热处理
将压制成形的棒或管制品放在高纯氧化铝管中,在830℃-850℃的空气中经80小时-100小时热处理;
d.二次压制
将经过热处理的棒或管制品装入乳胶模套中,乳胶模套两端用橡皮塞封堵,并在乳胶模套外套金属保护管,用等静压压制,其等静压工作压力为200MPa-250MPa;
e.二次热处理
将经过二次压制后的棒或管制品放入高纯氧化铝管中,并置于炉内,在830℃-850℃空气中经120小时-160小时烧结热处理,得到棒状或管状高温超导体电流引线。
由于采用上述技术方案,本发明能获得致密度高的高温超导体电流引线,
用直流四引线方法检测,该电流引线在液氮温度77K下,Ic>1000A。
图1是Bi-2223相高温超导体压制前圆棒组装结构图。
图2是Bi-2223相高温超导体压制前管状组装结构图。
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步描述。
实施例1
用硝酸盐共沉淀方法,以下列名义组份(原子比)制备热分解粉末,Bi:1.82,Pb:0.30,Sr:2.00,Ca:2.20,Cu:3.06,O:x,得沉淀物660g,在500℃温度下经过1小时热分解,在氧气氛中混合研磨2小时,得到热分解粉末;将热分解粉末放在银箔上置于炉内,在700℃空气中经过20小时焙烧,在氧气氛中混合研磨7小时,接着在800℃空气中经过10小时焙烧,然后在空气中再混合研磨1小时,得到预处理粉末;将热处理粉末装入乳胶模套1中,组装结构如图1所示,乳胶模套的两端用橡胶塞2封堵,防止预处理粉末3外漏,并在乳胶模外套上金属保护管4,组装固定后,采用工作压力为200Mpa等静压压制成圆棒状,将压制成圆棒状制品放在高纯度氧化铝管中置入炉内,进行焙烧处理,工艺制度是在830℃空气中经过10小时热处理,然后采用慢升温至845℃经过90小时热处理;经一次热处理出炉后的制品,再装入乳胶模套内进行二次等静压制,其等静压制工作压力为250MPa;将经过二次压制后的制品放入高纯氧化铝管中置于炉内,再进行二次热处理,工艺制度是在850℃空气中经160小时焙烧热处理,即可获得致密度高的圆棒状高温超导体电流引线。
实施例2
用草酸盐共沉淀方法,以下列名义组分(原子比)制备热分解粉末,Bi:1.82,Pb:0.30,Sr:2.00,Ca:2.20,Cu:3.06,O:x,得沉淀产物500g,在500℃温度下经过1小时热分解,在氧气氛中混合研磨2小时,得到热分解粉末;将热分解粉末放在银箔上置于炉内,在700℃空气中经过20小时焙烧,在氧气氛中混合研磨6小时,接着在800℃空气中经过10小时焙烧,然后在空气中再混合研磨1小时,得到预处理粉末;将热处理粉末装入乳胶模套1中,组装结构如图2所示,乳胶模套的两端用套在银管5上的橡胶塞2封堵,防止预处理粉末3外漏,并在乳胶模外套上金属保护管4,组装固定后,采用工作压力为200Mpa进行等静压制成管状制品,将包括银管在内的压制成管状制品放在高纯度氧化铝管中,并置于炉内进行烧结热处理,工艺制度为在830℃空气中进行80小时烧结热处理;制品经过一次烧结热处理后,再将其制品装入乳胶模套内,采用工作压力为200Mpa进行二次等静压压制;将经过二次等压压制后的制品放入高纯氧化铝管中,置于炉内,再进行二次烧结热处理,工艺制度为:在850℃空气中进行120小时烧结热处理,即可获得致密度高的管状高温超导体电流引线。
Claims (1)
- 一种高温超导体电流引线制备方法,包括:制备热分解粉末将Bi2O3、PbO、SrCO3、CaO、CuO化合物采用草酸盐或硝酸盐共沉淀方法制备,在500℃温度下,进行1小时的热分解,然后在氧气氛中进行混合研磨2小时,得到热分解粉末,其特征在于还包括以下步骤:a.预处理粉末将热分解粉末放在银箔上置入炉内,在700℃空气中经过20小时焙烧,然后在氧气氛中混合研磨6-8小时,接着在800℃空气中经10小时焙烧,再在空气中混合研磨1小时,得到预处理粉末;b.压制成型将预处理粉末装入乳胶模套中,乳胶套模两端用橡皮塞封堵,并在乳胶模套外套上金属保护管,用等静压制成棒或管,其等静压工作压力为200MPa;c.一次热处理将压制成形的棒或管制品放在高纯氧化铝管中,在830℃-850℃的空气中经80小时-100小时热处理;d.二次压制将经过热处理的棒或管制品装入乳胶模套中,乳胶模套两端用橡皮塞封堵,并在乳胶模套外套金属保护管,用等静压压制,其等静压工作压力为200MPa-250MPa;e.二次热处理将经过二次压制后的棒或管制品放入高纯氧化铝管中,并置于炉内,在830℃-850℃空气中经120小时-160小时烧结热处理,得到棒状或管状高温超导体电流引线。
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