CN108786356B - Mixed material separation and dust fall device and application thereof - Google Patents
Mixed material separation and dust fall device and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108786356B CN108786356B CN201810863906.4A CN201810863906A CN108786356B CN 108786356 B CN108786356 B CN 108786356B CN 201810863906 A CN201810863906 A CN 201810863906A CN 108786356 B CN108786356 B CN 108786356B
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/10—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00, B01D46/00 and B01D47/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed material separation and dust fall device and an application scene thereof, wherein the device comprises a multichannel bionic cyclone and an ejector; wherein the multichannel bionic cyclone sequentially comprises an overflow pipe, a cyclone cavity, a shrinkage hopper and a discharge pipe which are mutually and fixedly connected from top to bottom, and bionic non-smooth units are distributed on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone; the upper end of the side wall of the cyclone cavity is provided with an inlet channel; the ejector comprises a nozzle, a mixing chamber, a throat pipe and a diffusion chamber, one end of the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure pump, the other end of the nozzle stretches into the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber is in airtight connection with an overflow pipe, two ends of the throat pipe are respectively in airtight connection with the mixing chamber and the diffusion chamber, and the diffusion chamber is connected with the dust fall box through a pipeline. The device is mainly applied to scenes of drilling, geotechnical engineering, grouting engineering, geological disaster management engineering, mining, tunneling and the like, which can generate a large amount of dust, and can solve the technical problems of low separation efficiency of mixed materials, unsatisfactory dust settling effect, serious abrasion of the device, short service life and the like of the conventional device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mixed materials and dust fall treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a mixed material separation and dust fall device.
Background
Cyclone (Swirler) is a common sample separation device whose principle of operation is based primarily on centrifugal sedimentation and density differences between different materials. In petroleum engineering, the cyclone mainly comprises a cyclone sand remover and a cyclone mud remover, and is used for removing solid phases such as sand, mud and the like mixed into drilling fluid during petroleum drilling so as to ensure the normal rheological property of the drilling fluid; in geotechnical engineering construction, such as stabilizing liquid required in underground diaphragm wall construction, waste liquid generated after construction is finished can not be directly discharged, but is required to be firstly treated until reaching a discharge standard and then discharged, or is required to be recycled after reaching construction requirements, and at the moment, a cyclone can be used for removing solid phases such as silt and the like in the waste liquid; in the process of reversely and circularly drilling and coring (sampling) of the air down-the-hole hammer, a cyclone is also required to be used for decelerating and separating the air flow and the rock/ore core (sampling) which are returned to the ground surface from the bottom of the hole at high speed; in addition, in tunnel engineering, when using an air hammer to drill a drill hole for blasting or grouting operation, in order to effectively reduce dust generated in the drilling process, a reverse circulation drilling mode can be adopted to drill and be matched with accessory equipment such as a cyclone and the like to reduce dust.
An Ejector (Ejector) is a device that uses the jet action of high pressure fluid to draw in low pressure fluid for mass and energy transfer. The high pressure fluid, which may also be referred to as a working fluid, may be a liquid or a gas (including steam, etc.); the low pressure fluid may also be referred to as an injection fluid, and may also be a liquid or a gas. The types of ejectors thus include: liquid (working fluid) -liquid (injection fluid), gas-liquid, gas-gas, liquid-gas, and the like. The ejector has the main characteristics of simple structure, no moving parts, no complexity in manufacturing, and capability of achieving the purpose of fluid ejection by increasing the pressure (jet velocity) of fluid without directly consuming mechanical energy. Currently, ejectors have been widely used in many engineering technical fields such as drilling (wells), aerospace, petrochemical, civil engineering, metallurgy, power, refrigeration, automobiles, ships, agriculture, and the like.
Bionics (Bionics) is an important emerging interdisciplinary created by organically combining bioscience and technology science, and is a new device, a new tool, a new scientific technology and the like which are suitable for human production and life by researching and imitating certain special structural and functional principles of living things in nature. The bionic technology is considered as an inexhaustible power and source spring for the original technology innovation, and is an important means for developing a high and new technology. The non-smooth surface morphology of the living beings is commonly existed in the living beings in the natural world, and the different surface morphology is always formed by long-term evolution optimization in order to adapt to different living environments. The Bionic Non-Smooth Surface (Bionic Non-Smooth Surface) theory has been proved to have effects of drag reduction, wear resistance, adhesion resistance, desorption, noise reduction and the like in various aspects of fluid, rock-soil body, mechanical components and the like, and has been widely applied to engineering technical fields such as drilling (wells), aerospace, petroleum and natural gas, water conservancy and hydropower, wind power generation, ships, vehicles and the like.
The prior art is mainly provided with the cyclone for separating the mixed materials and dust falling, but the existing cyclone can only separate the mixed materials in a single pipeline, and the inner wall surface of the conventional cyclone is smooth, so that the mixed materials directly wash the inner wall of the cyclone, the wall surface abrasion is easy to occur, the stress and the movement condition of the mixed materials in the cyclone are simple, the separation efficiency is low, the service life is short, dust cannot be effectively reduced, and the application of the separation device is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides a mixed material separating and dust settling device, which aims to solve the technical problems of low separating efficiency, poor dust settling effect, serious abrasion of the device and short service life of the conventional mixed material separating device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: providing a mixed material separation and dust fall device, which comprises a multichannel bionic cyclone and an ejector; wherein,,
the multichannel bionic cyclone is sequentially provided with an overflow pipe, a cyclone cavity, a shrinkage hopper and a discharge pipe which are fixedly connected with each other from top to bottom; the upper end of the side wall of the cyclone cavity is provided with an inlet channel, the inlet channel comprises a main channel and a plurality of auxiliary channels, the main channel is tangential to and communicated with the side wall of the cyclone cavity, and the auxiliary channels are fixed on the main channel and communicated with the main channel; bionic non-smooth units with the bottom surface width of 1 cm-15 cm are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone at specific intervals;
the ejector comprises a nozzle, a mixing chamber, a throat pipe and a diffusion chamber, wherein one end of the nozzle is connected with the high-pressure pump, the other end of the nozzle stretches into the mixing chamber, a connecting port connected with an overflow pipe is formed in the bottom of the mixing chamber and is in airtight connection with the overflow pipe, two ends of the throat pipe are respectively in airtight connection with the mixing chamber and the diffusion chamber, and the diffusion chamber is connected with the dust fall box through a pipeline.
The inlet channel of the mixed material separation and dust settling device comprises a plurality of auxiliary channels besides a main channel, the tail end of each channel can be connected with different pipelines, the mixed materials to be separated or treated by dust settling flowing from different pipelines are converged at the tail end of the main channel, then flow into the cyclone from the direction tangential to the inner wall of the multi-channel bionic cyclone at the initial speed of more than 10m/s and do downward spiral movement, thereby meeting the requirement that the mixed materials from a plurality of different pipelines can be separated or treated by dust settling by only using one cyclone. After the mixed material enters the multichannel bionic cyclone, centrifugal force is generated in the rotating process, the material with the weight larger than that of the air suspension force is thrown to the inner wall surface of the cyclone, and once the material is contacted with the inner wall surface, the material loses the inertia force of spiral motion and falls down along the inner wall surface by virtue of the momentum of initial speed and downward gravity until the material is discharged from the sample discharge pipe; meanwhile, when the mixed material in spiral motion descends to a shrinkage hopper, the tangential speed is continuously increased by the principle of invariable rotational flow moment of inertia, and after the mixed material reaches a certain position of the shrinkage hopper, rotational flow reversely rises from bottom to top and continuously moves in a spiral shape, and internal rotational rising airflow (mixed with partial small particle solid phase substances which are not discharged from a discharge pipe) is discharged from an overflow pipe to form a multichannel bionic cyclone; therefore, the whole multichannel bionic cyclone has the advantages that the outer spiral descending mixed material flow and the inner spiral ascending secondary mixed air flow from the inlet channel to the exhaust pipe simultaneously exist, and the mixed materials are fully separated under the combined action of the two spiral movement fluids.
In the invention, the bionic non-smooth unit is arranged on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone, when the mixed material flows into the inlet channel through the pipeline and enters the bionic cyclone to perform spiral motion at a certain speed, a reverse vortex cyclone (the rotation direction of the cyclone is opposite to the flow direction of the mixed material) is formed in the mixed material due to the influence of the bionic non-smooth unit, the cyclone has a certain suspension effect, the contact between the mixed material and the inner wall surface can be reduced, the friction coefficient is reduced, the kinetic energy consumption of the mixed material is effectively reduced, the reverse vortex cyclone can play the roles of a buffer pad and an ejection pad, and the erosion and abrasion effect of solid phase particles in the mixed material on the inner wall surface can be effectively reduced; in addition, the roughness of the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone is increased by the bionic non-smooth unit, compared with the smooth surface, the erosion and abrasion action of the mixed material on the inner wall surface is reduced, the inner wall surface is more wear-resistant, and rebound and steering easily occur after solid-phase particles strike the bionic non-smooth unit, so that the erosion and abrasion action of the mixed material on the inner wall surface can be further weakened, and the service life of the device is greatly prolonged; in addition, the bionic non-smooth unit can weaken the formation of a continuous contact surface and a continuous water film between the mixed material and the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone, and meanwhile, due to the existence of the inverted vortex cyclone, the mixed material can be prevented from adhering to the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone, so that the anti-sticking and desorption effects are realized.
The ejector is connected with the overflow pipe in a sealing way, the working medium sprayed by the ejector can be gas phase or liquid phase, and the entrainment effect generated by the spraying medium can generate a suction effect on the secondary ascending air flow and the mixed material discharged from the overflow pipe, so that the ascending effect of the ascending air flow and the mixed material is enhanced, and the separation efficiency and the effect of the multichannel bionic cyclone on the mixed material can be further improved.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention can be improved as follows.
Further, the bionic non-smooth units on the inner wall surfaces of the inlet channel, the overflow pipe and the sample discharge pipe are in a ring shape and are vertical to the axial directions of the inlet channel, the overflow pipe and the sample discharge pipe, the bionic non-smooth units on the inner wall surfaces of the cyclone cavity are in a stripe shape and are uniformly distributed at specific intervals along the axial direction of the bionic non-smooth units, and the bionic non-smooth units on the inner wall surfaces of the shrinkage hopper are in an inclined stripe shape and are uniformly distributed at specific intervals along the bus; the distance between adjacent bionic non-smooth units is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface.
According to the invention, the bionic non-smooth unit is arranged in the mode, so that the motion direction of the mixed material is vertical to the bionic non-smooth unit in any condition, and the functions of drag reduction, wear resistance, adhesion resistance and desorption of the bionic non-smooth unit are maximally expanded, so that the separation effect on the mixed material is better.
Further, the bionic non-smooth unit is spiral, and the axial directions of the bionic non-smooth units arranged at different positions are respectively overlapped with the axial directions of the inlet channel, the overflow pipe, the cyclone cavity, the shrinkage hopper and the drainage pipe; the pitch of the bionic non-smooth unit is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface of the bionic non-smooth unit.
The bionic non-smooth units are arranged in a spiral shape, so that the bionic non-smooth cyclone has the advantages of drag reduction, wear resistance, adhesion resistance and desorption, and simultaneously has the function of guiding the mixed materials to generate spiral motion, thereby enhancing the separation effect of the multichannel bionic cyclone on the mixed materials.
Further, the bionic non-smooth units on the inner wall surfaces of the overflow pipe and the discharge pipe are in a ring shape and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the overflow pipe and the discharge pipe, and the space between the ring-shaped bionic non-smooth units is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface of the ring-shaped bionic non-smooth units; the bionic non-smooth units on the inner wall surfaces of the inlet channel, the cyclone cavity and the shrinkage hopper are spiral, and the axial directions of the bionic non-smooth units are respectively overlapped with the axial directions of the inlet channel, the cyclone cavity and the shrinkage hopper; the pitch of the spiral bionic non-smooth unit is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface.
The invention mixes the stripe bionic non-smooth unit and the spiral bionic non-smooth unit for use, so that the device has the advantages of two bionic non-smooth unit arrangement modes, namely, the reverse vortex cyclone can be generated in the bionic non-smooth unit of the multichannel bionic cyclone, and the mixed material can be guided to generate the spiral motion effect, so that the separation effect on the mixed material is improved relative to the single bionic non-smooth unit arrangement mode.
Further, the section of the bionic non-smooth unit (17) is triangular, rectangular, isosceles trapezoid or semicircular, the ratio of the height to the width of the bottom surface is 0.1-1, and the bionic non-smooth unit can be processed by adopting one or more of a cutting method, an engraving method, an etching method, a laser method, a vapor deposition method, a template method, an electrochemical method, a 3D printing method or a 4D printing method to be combined at the corresponding position on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone.
Further, the connection mode among the overflow pipe, the cyclone cavity, the shrinkage hopper and the discharge pipe is one or a combination of a plurality of welding, bolting, screwing, flange connection or integrated molding.
Further, at least two auxiliary channels are arranged and respectively fixed on two sides of the main channel in a staggered manner, and the included angle between the axis of the auxiliary channel and the axis of the main channel is 15-45 degrees.
Further, the mixing chamber is cylindrical, is connected with the overflow pipe flange or is connected with the overflow pipe through threads, and the connecting port is positioned between the nozzle and the throat pipe.
Further, the overflow pipe top is provided with a filter screen with the mesh number of 30-500.
Further, the multichannel bionic cyclone is supported by a tripod, and universal brake wheels are arranged at the bottom of the tripod.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: compared with the traditional and conventional cyclone, the device provided by the invention is added with the bionic non-smooth unit, so that the inner wall surface of the device is provided with the bionic non-smooth morphological characteristics, and therefore, the device has the characteristics of drag reduction, wear resistance, anti-sticking, desorption and the like, namely: the energy consumption of the mixed material flowing into the multichannel bionic cyclone from the inlet channel of the multichannel bionic cyclone is reduced, and meanwhile, the erosion and abrasion action of solid phase particles in the mixed material on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone are weakened, so that the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone is more wear-resistant, and the service life of the multichannel bionic cyclone is prolonged. In addition, when the spiral bionic non-smooth unit is adopted, the cyclone inner wall surface has various beneficial effects brought by the bionic non-smooth morphological characteristics, and also has the function of guiding the mixed material to generate spiral motion (cyclone), so that the separation effect of the multichannel bionic cyclone on the mixed material can be enhanced.
The invention relates to a mixed material separation and dust fall device, which is provided with an ejector arranged at an overflow port at the top of a multichannel bionic cyclone and matched with a filter screen with 30-500 meshes, wherein the ejector can enhance the lifting force of secondary rising mixed airflow generated in the multichannel bionic cyclone, thereby improving the working efficiency of the multichannel bionic cyclone and improving the size of mixed solid phase particles in the rising mixed airflow, namely: the larger the injection suction force generated by the injector is, the larger the solid phase particles mixed in the ascending mixed airflow are; however, the filter screen is arranged at the overflow port, so that the effects of further filtering and sorting solid-phase particles can be achieved, and the requirements of actual engineering are met. In addition, the working fluid of the ejector can adopt liquid phase (water) or gas phase (air), and the working fluid is particularly suitable for working conditions requiring dust fall when the working fluid is in liquid phase (such as water). According to the invention, the diffusion chamber of the ejector is connected with the dust fall box through the pipeline, the outlet end of the pipeline is inserted below the water storage liquid level in the dust fall box, and particle dust flowing out of the overflow pipe directly reaches below the water level of the dust fall box under the action of the ejector, so that dust fall treatment is realized in water, and dust entering into a working environment and on-site dust pollution can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a multichannel bionic cyclone;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the multi-channel bionic cyclone when the bionic non-smooth unit is in a circular ring shape and a stripe shape;
FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the multi-channel bionic cyclone when the bionic non-smooth unit is in a circular ring shape and a stripe shape;
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the multi-channel bionic cyclone when the bionic non-smooth unit is in a spiral shape and a circular shape;
FIG. 6 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the multi-channel bionic cyclone when the bionic non-smooth unit is in a spiral shape and a circular shape;
wherein, 1, a multichannel bionic cyclone; 11. an inlet passage; 12. a secondary channel; 13. a main channel; 14. a tripod; 15. a filter screen; 16. a universal brake wheel; 17. a bionic non-smooth unit; I. an overflow pipe; II. A swirl chamber; III, a shrinkage hopper; IV, a sample discharge tube;
2. an ejector; 21. a nozzle; 22. a mixing chamber; 23. a throat; 24. a diffusion chamber;
3. a high pressure pump; 4. a dust box.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1-6, a device for separating mixed materials and reducing dust is provided, the device comprises a multichannel bionic cyclone 1 and an ejector 2, wherein the multichannel bionic cyclone 1 is used for separating the mixed materials, the ejector 2 provides auxiliary power for separating the mixed materials, and meanwhile, the ejector 2 can discharge secondary rising mixed air flow (dust to be treated) below the water storage liquid level in a dust reducing box through a pipeline, so that dust reducing treatment is realized.
The multichannel bionic cyclone 1 comprises an overflow pipe I, a cyclone cavity II, a shrinkage hopper III and a discharge pipe IV. The cyclone cavity II is a cylinder with a capped upper end, a through hole is formed in the center of the top of the cyclone cavity II, an overflow pipe I is fixedly connected to the through hole, the lower end of the cyclone cavity II is fixedly connected with a shrinkage hopper III, the shrinkage hopper III is funnel-shaped, and the lower end of the shrinkage hopper III is open and is fixedly connected with a cylindrical discharge pipe IV; the overflow pipe I, the cyclone cavity II, the shrinkage hopper III and the discharge pipe IV are connected in a sealing way, the connection mode between the overflow pipe I, the cyclone cavity II, the shrinkage hopper III and the discharge pipe IV can be one or a combination of a plurality of welding, bolting, screwing, flange connection or integrated forming, and the overflow pipe I, the cyclone cavity II, the shrinkage hopper III and the discharge pipe IV are communicated with each other internally to jointly form a separation space of the mixed materials. When the mixed materials are separated, the mixed materials enter the multi-channel bionic cyclone 1 from the cyclone cavity II, so that an inlet channel 11 for the mixed materials to enter is arranged on the cyclone cavity II, the inlet channel 11 is fixed at the upper end of the outer wall of the cyclone cavity II and is communicated with the cyclone cavity II, the inlet channel comprises a main channel 13 and a plurality of auxiliary channels 12, the axial direction of the main channel 13 is tangential to the inner wall surface of the cyclone cavity II and is communicated with the main channel 13, the auxiliary channels 12 are fixed on the main channel 13 and are communicated with the main channel 13, and when the multi-channel bionic cyclone is in operation, the auxiliary channels 12 and the outer ends of the main channel 13 are communicated with different pipelines, and the mixed materials flowing from different pipelines are converged at the tail end of the main channel 13 and flow into the multi-channel bionic cyclone 1 at a certain initial speed (more than 10 m/s) in a tangential direction and do spiral movement (cyclone), so that the mixed materials from a plurality of different pipelines can be separated or dust-fall by using only one cyclone is met; in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4 or 6, two auxiliary channels 12 are provided, and are respectively fixed at two sides of the main channel 13 in a staggered manner, and the included angle between the axis of the auxiliary channel 12 and the axis of the main channel 13 is 15-45 degrees.
The multichannel bionic cyclone 1 is based on the principle of bionics, and a plurality of bionic non-smooth units 17 are arranged on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone 1, so that the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone has bionic non-smooth morphological characteristics, and the bionic non-smooth units 17 have the effects of drag reduction, wear resistance, adhesion resistance, desorption and the like. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, annular bionic non-smooth units 17 are fully distributed on the inner wall surfaces of the inlet channel 11, the overflow pipe I and the discharge pipe IV, the spacing between the adjacent annular bionic non-smooth units 17 is set to be 1 cm-50 cm, and meanwhile, in order to fully exert the efficacy of the bionic non-smooth units 17, the flowing direction of the mixed materials and the flowing direction of the secondary rising mixed air flow are perpendicular to the bionic non-smooth units 17, and the annular bionic non-smooth units 17 are perpendicular to the axial directions of the inlet channel 11, the overflow pipe I and the discharge pipe IV; in addition, as the mixed material enters the cyclone chamber II along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the cyclone chamber II, the bionic non-smooth units 17 on the inner wall surface of the cyclone chamber II are arranged in a stripe shape and are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the cyclone chamber II at intervals of 1 cm-50 cm, and the length of the bionic non-smooth units 17 is equal to that of the cyclone chamber II; the bionic non-smooth unit 17 on the inner wall surface of the shrinkage hopper III is also in a stripe shape, the upper end of the bionic non-smooth unit 17 is connected with the bionic non-smooth unit 17 on the inner wall surface of the cyclone cavity II, the bionic non-smooth unit is circumferentially arranged along the generatrix of the shrinkage hopper III, and the length of the bionic non-smooth unit is equal to the generatrix of the shrinkage hopper III.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the bionic non-smooth units 17 on the inner wall surfaces of all parts of the multichannel bionic cyclone 1 are spiral, the axial direction of the spiral bionic non-smooth units 17 coincides with the axial direction of the inlet channel 11, the overflow pipe I, the cyclone cavity II, the shrinkage hopper III and the discharge pipe IV, in addition, the length of the spiral bionic non-smooth units 17 is equivalent to the length of the corresponding parts in the multichannel bionic cyclone 1, and the pitch of the spiral bionic non-smooth units 17 is 1 cm-50 cm.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, annular bionic non-smooth units 17 are distributed on the inner wall surfaces of the overflow pipe I and the discharge pipe IV, the distance between adjacent bionic non-smooth units 17 is set to be 1 cm-50 cm, and in order to ensure that the inflow direction of the mixed materials and the flow direction of the secondary rising mixed air flow are perpendicular to the bionic non-smooth units 17, the annular bionic non-smooth units 17 are perpendicular to the axial directions of the overflow pipe I and the discharge pipe IV; the bionic non-smooth unit 17 on the inner wall surfaces of the inlet channel 11, the cyclone cavity II and the shrinkage hopper III is spiral, the axis of the spiral bionic non-smooth unit 17 coincides with the axis of the inlet channel 11, the cyclone cavity II and the shrinkage hopper III, in addition, the length of the spiral bionic non-smooth unit 17 is equivalent to the length of the corresponding part in the multichannel bionic cyclone 1, and meanwhile, the pitch of the spiral bionic non-smooth unit 17 is 1 cm-50 cm.
In order to ensure that the bionic non-smooth unit 17 is firmly fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the multi-channel bionic cyclone 1, the bionic non-smooth unit 17 is preferably integrally formed with the multi-channel bionic cyclone 1, namely, is formed by processing corresponding positions on the inner wall surface of the multi-channel bionic cyclone 1 through a cutting method, a carving method, an etching method, a laser method, a vapor deposition method, a template method, an electrochemical method, a 3D printing method or a 4D printing method, wherein the cross section shape of the bionic non-smooth unit 17 can be set to be triangular, rectangular, isosceles trapezoid or semicircular in the processing process, and the width of the bottom surface of the bionic non-smooth unit 17 is controlled to be 1 cm-10 cm, and the height of the bionic non-smooth unit is controlled to be 0.1 cm-10 cm.
The ejector 2 comprises a nozzle 21, a mixing chamber 22, a throat 23 and a diffusion chamber 24, wherein one end of the nozzle 21 is connected with a high-pressure pump 3, the other end of the nozzle extends into the mixing chamber 22, the mixing chamber 22 is square or cylindrical, a connecting port connected with an overflow pipe I is formed in the bottom of the mixing chamber, the connecting port can be a flange plate or a threaded hole, a flange plate or external threads are arranged at the top of the overflow pipe I corresponding to the connecting port, and the mixing chamber 22 is in flange connection or threaded connection with the overflow pipe I. The working medium sprayed by the ejector 2 can be liquid phase or gas phase, when the working medium is liquid phase (such as water), the high-pressure pump 3 (a water pump or a slurry pump at the moment) pumps clean water from a water tank and pumps the clean water to the nozzle 21 through a pipeline, the high-pressure water is sprayed out of the outlet of the nozzle 21 at high speed to form water jet, and the entrainment effect of the water jet can be achieved on secondary mixed gas flow and mixed materials rising from the overflow pipe I, so that the rising effect of the rising mixed gas flow and the mixed materials is enhanced, the gas phase and the small particle solid phase of the filter screen 15 arranged on the top of the overflow pipe I can be mixed with the water jet sprayed out of the nozzle 21, and the mixture flows through the mixing chamber 22, the throat 23 and the diffusion chamber 24 in sequence, and then flows below the water storage liquid level in the dust box 4 after flowing through the pipeline, and thus the mixed gas flow (dust) can be fully processed; in addition, sewage in the dust box 4 can be pumped by a sewage pump, and flows into the solid control assembly through a pipeline, and the water after solid control treatment is pumped by a circulating pump and flows back into the water box, so that the closed circulation and recycling of working fluid (water) are realized; when the working medium is gas phase (such as air), the high-pressure pump 3 (in this case, an air pump or an air compressor) outputs compressed air, the compressed air flows to the nozzle 21 through a pipeline, high-pressure air jet flow is generated after the compressed air is ejected from the outlet of the nozzle 21 at high speed, and suction acting force can be generated on ascending secondary mixed air flow and mixed materials in the multichannel bionic cyclone 1 through the overflow pipe I due to entrainment of jet flow, and the filter screen 15 arranged at the top end of the overflow pipe I can screen and filter the particle size of solid phase in the ascending mixed fluid; the ascending mixed fluid overflowed from the overflow pipe I is carried by the air jet and flows into the lower part of the water storage liquid level in the dust box 4 through the mixing chamber 22, the throat 23 and the diffusion chamber 24 in sequence, so that the mixed material originally flowing into the cyclone can realize separation treatment, the final large-particle sample (with large weight and large size) is discharged into a rock sample box or a rock sample bag from the discharge pipe IV, and the small-particle sample (with light weight and small size) enters the dust box 4 through the overflow pipe I and the ejector 2; meanwhile, the dust-settling agent can also play a role in dust settling, which is very important in the aspects of maintaining the air quality, the personnel health, the ecological environment protection and the like of the operation site!
The device is mainly applied to scenes which can generate a large amount of dust, such as drilling, geotechnical engineering, grouting engineering, geological disaster management engineering, mining and tunneling engineering and the like, can separate mixed materials, is limited in the device because the device is closed, and can prevent the dust from diffusing into the environment of an operation site, and has a good dust falling effect.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present patent. Various modifications and variations which may be made by those skilled in the art without the creative effort are within the scope of the patent described in the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A mixed material separation and dust device which is characterized in that: comprises a multichannel bionic cyclone (1) and an ejector (2); wherein,,
the multichannel bionic cyclone (1) sequentially comprises an overflow pipe (I), a cyclone cavity (II), a shrinkage hopper (III) and a sample discharge pipe (IV) which are fixedly connected with each other from top to bottom; an inlet channel (11) is arranged at the upper end of the side wall of the cyclone cavity (II), the inlet channel (11) comprises a main channel (13) and a plurality of auxiliary channels (12), the main channel (13) is tangential to and communicated with the side wall of the cyclone cavity (II), and the auxiliary channels (12) are fixed on the main channel (13) and are communicated with the main channel (13); bionic non-smooth units (17) with the bottom surface width of 1 cm-10 cm are uniformly distributed on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone (1) at specific intervals;
the bionic non-smooth units (17) on the inner wall surfaces of the inlet channel (11), the overflow pipe (I) and the sample discharging pipe (IV) are in a ring shape and are perpendicular to the axial directions of the inlet channel (11), the overflow pipe (I) and the sample discharging pipe (IV), the bionic non-smooth units (17) on the inner wall surfaces of the cyclone cavity (II) are in a stripe shape and are uniformly distributed at specific intervals along the axial direction of the cyclone cavity, and the bionic non-smooth units (17) on the inner wall surfaces of the shrinkage hopper (III) are in an inclined stripe shape and are uniformly distributed at specific intervals along the bus of the shrinkage hopper (III); the distance between adjacent bionic non-smooth units (17) is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface of each bionic non-smooth unit;
or the bionic non-smooth unit (17) is spiral, and the axial directions of the bionic non-smooth units (17) arranged at different positions are respectively overlapped with the axial directions of the inlet channel (11), the overflow pipe (I), the cyclone cavity (II), the shrinkage hopper (III) and the sample discharge pipe (IV); the pitch of the bionic non-smooth unit (17) is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface of the bionic non-smooth unit;
or the bionic non-smooth units (17) on the inner wall surfaces of the overflow pipe (I) and the sample discharge pipe (IV) are in a ring shape and are perpendicular to the axial direction of the overflow pipe (I) and the sample discharge pipe (IV), and the distance between the ring-shaped bionic non-smooth units (17) is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface of the ring-shaped bionic non-smooth units; the bionic non-smooth unit (17) on the inner wall surfaces of the inlet channel (11), the cyclone chamber (II) and the shrinkage hopper (III) is spiral, and the axial directions of the bionic non-smooth unit are respectively overlapped with the axial directions of the inlet channel (11), the cyclone chamber (II) and the shrinkage hopper (III); the pitch of the spiral bionic non-smooth unit (17) is 1-5 times of the width of the bottom surface of the spiral bionic non-smooth unit;
the section of the bionic non-smooth unit (17) is triangular, rectangular, isosceles trapezoid or semicircular, the ratio of the height to the width of the bottom surface is 0.1-1, and the bionic non-smooth unit (17) is processed by adopting one or more of a cutting method, a carving method, an etching method, a laser method, a vapor deposition method, a template method, an electrochemical method, a 3D printing method or a 4D printing method to be combined at the corresponding position on the inner wall surface of the multichannel bionic cyclone (1)
The ejector (2) comprises a nozzle (21), a mixing chamber (22), a throat (23) and a diffusion chamber (24), wherein one end of the nozzle (21) is connected with a high-pressure pump (3), the other end of the nozzle stretches into the mixing chamber (22), a connecting port connected with an overflow pipe (I) is formed in the bottom of the mixing chamber (22), the connecting port is in airtight connection with the overflow pipe (I), two ends of the throat (23) are respectively in airtight connection with the mixing chamber (22) and the diffusion chamber (24), the diffusion chamber (24) is connected with a dust box (4) through a pipeline, and an outlet end of the pipeline is inserted below a water storage liquid level in the dust box (4).
2. The mixed material separating and dust settling device according to claim 1, wherein: the overflow pipe (I), the cyclone cavity (II), the shrinkage hopper (III) and the discharge pipe (IV) are connected in a mode of one or more of welding, bolting, threaded connection, flange connection or integrated forming.
3. The mixed material separating and dust settling device according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary channels (12) are at least two, are respectively fixed on two sides of the main channel (13) in a staggered mode, and the included angle between the axis of the auxiliary channel (12) and the axis of the main channel (13) is 15-45 degrees.
4. The mixed material separating and dust settling device according to claim 1, wherein: the mixing chamber (22) is cylindrical, is in flange connection or threaded connection with the overflow pipe (I), and a filter screen (15) with the mesh number of 30-500 is arranged at the top end of the overflow pipe (I); the connecting port is positioned between the nozzle (21) and the throat (23).
5. The mixed material separating and dust settling device according to claim 1, wherein: the multichannel bionic cyclone (1) is supported by a tripod (14), and universal brake wheels (16) are arranged at the bottom of the tripod (14).
6. The use of a mixed material separation and dust suppression device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in drilling, geotechnical engineering, grouting engineering, geological disaster management engineering, mining and tunnelling engineering.
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| CN114542046B (en) * | 2022-04-25 | 2022-07-08 | 四川凌耘建科技有限公司 | Efficient desanding device with jet drainage and liquid drainage functions |
| CN115228351B (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-10-17 | 中南大学 | Integrated solid-liquid mixing-separating device and application method thereof |
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