CN108776175A - A kind of frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method - Google Patents
A kind of frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108776175A CN108776175A CN201810402376.3A CN201810402376A CN108776175A CN 108776175 A CN108776175 A CN 108776175A CN 201810402376 A CN201810402376 A CN 201810402376A CN 108776175 A CN108776175 A CN 108776175A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The present invention discloses frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, includes the following steps：(1) functional relation between frost wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors is established；The ultrasonic velocity is velocity of wave of the ultrasonic wave in frost wall, and the soil body density is the density before frost wall freezes, and the soil moisture content is the moisture content before frost wall freezes；(2) ultrasonic velocity for detecting frost wall to be measured, then the ultrasonic velocity detected is brought into the functional relation in step (1), frost wall mean compressive strength to be measured is calculated.It can be by detecting different layers position soil layer ultrasonic propagation velocity using the detection method of the present invention, you can frost wall mean compressive strength between quantitative measurement thermometer hole and freezing hole or two freezing holes achievees the purpose that whole grasp frost wall intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frost wall detections.More particularly, to a kind of frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasound examination side
Method.
Background technology
Engineering with artificial freezing method has good water shutoff performance, and formation artificial frozen soil curtain wall intensity is high, stratum recoverability is good,
Have become the prefered method of underground engineering construction in unstable aquifer water-bearing stratum in this way.But when groundwater velocity is more than
When 5m/d, frost wall intensity non-uniform phenomenon often occurs.Frost wall mean compressive strength size determines the driving and masonry construction phase
Between frost wall stability, excavate step pitch and digging time.Relatively low particular for some intensity, easy expansion, frozen-heave factor are higher viscous
Soil needs to improve its freezing curtain intensity (general to consider that mean temperature is -10 DEG C of compression strength below), prevents driving and masonry construction
There is phenomena such as wall caving in period.
Current main frost wall mean compressive strength monitoring means monitors for thermometer hole, i.e., temperature is arranged in thermometer hole
Sensor monitors different layers position temperature change in real time.Between the different layers position temperature and compression strength that are obtained according to laboratory experiment
Relation formula, thus it is speculated that frost wall compression strength.But this method is vulnerable to the limitation of position, is merely able to reflect that pit shaft freezes
The whole technology requirement for grasping frost wall intensity is not achieved in the frost wall compression strength of certain positions of knot.Ought especially it freeze
When local strength's deficiency situation occurs in wall, the data of certain position thermometer hole are difficult with to judge that the frost wall in certain region is averagely anti-
Compressive Strength brings great wind often to knowing aftersensation after having there is frost wall intensity deficiency for following driving and masonry construction process
Danger.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of current thermometer hole monitorings of solution to be merely able to reflect pit shaft freezing
A kind of whole frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasound for grasping frost wall intensity is not achieved in the frost wall compression strength of certain positions
Wave detecting method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention uses following technical proposals：A kind of frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic wave inspection
Survey method, includes the following steps：
(1) establish frost wall mean compressive strength and ultrasonic velocity, three factors of soil body density and soil moisture content it
Between functional relation；The ultrasonic velocity is velocity of wave of the ultrasonic wave in frost wall, and the soil body density is that frost wall freezes
Preceding density, the soil moisture content are the moisture content before frost wall freezes；
(2) ultrasonic velocity for detecting frost wall to be measured, then brings the ultrasonic velocity detected in step (1) into
In functional relation, frost wall mean compressive strength to be measured is calculated.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, in step (1), frost wall mean compressive strength with it is super
Between three acoustic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors shown in functional relation such as formula (I)：
Fy=a+bV+c ρ+d ω+e ρ ω+f ρ V+g ω V+h ρ2+iω2+jV2 (Ⅰ)
A is undetermined constant item, and b~j is undetermined coefficient item, and undetermined constant item and undetermined coefficient Xiang Jun are according to experimental data
Multiple linear regression analysis obtains, and V is ultrasonic velocity km/s；ρ is soil body density g/cm3；ω is soil moisture content wt%.
It is strong to establish frost wall Mean Crush in step (1) for above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method
Between degree and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors when functional relation, different layers position is frozen first
The soil body carries out Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Character experiment, and specific test procedure is as follows：
(1-A), to the statistic data of soil properties within the scope of the depth of freezing, chooses structure yet to be built according to surveying unit
Key horizon in embedded range, acquires the object different layers to be detected position soil body, as soil test block, is sent immediately to experiment after encapsulation
Room；
(1-B) tests the moisture content ω and soil body density p of soil test block；
(1-C) is put into the cabinet type Multifunctional Frozen power of low temperature by the soil test block in step (1-A), according to experimental design temperature
It learns experimental provision interior sealing constant temperature at least 24 hours, becomes frozen soil test block；
(1-D) carries out frozen soil test block using NM-4A nonmetal ultrasonic detectors axial to surveying method ultrasonic test, survey
Determine the ultrasonic velocity V of frozen soil test block；
(1-E) carries out the compression strength of uniaxial compression measuring frozen soil test block using WDT-100 frozen soil experiment machines immediately
Fy；
Above-mentioned (1-C) is tested to the Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Character in (1-E) step in the temperature control insulating box of air-cooled temperature-reduction
Interior progress.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, the ultrasonic wave of the middle detection frost wall to be measured of step (2)
Velocity of wave includes following preparation：
(2-1) ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole is arranged and is checked and accepted；
(2-2) ultrasonic system sound lag is demarcated.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, in step (2-1), thermometer hole can be used as ultrasonic acoustic
Gaging hole uses；Arrangement sounding hole is needed if area to be tested does not have thermometer hole；Ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole arrangement principle be：(a) cloth
It sets in frost wall boundary position；(b) in non-focus detection area domain, with two hole detections；(c) in focus detection area domain, setting three
Hole local detection area；The relatively described non-focus detection area domain in the focus detection area domain be that ground temperature is higher or groundwater velocity compared with
Big region.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method is equipped with ultrasonic acoustic test tube in sounding hole, described super
Sound wave sound detecting pipe is the steel pipe of 89~108mm of diameter, and wall thickness is 5~8mm；Temperature monitoring line is provided in ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole；
The upper end of ultrasonic acoustic test tube is higher than earth's surface 300mm~500mm；Brine is perfused in ultrasonic acoustic test tube；Check ultrasonic wave sounding
Water level in pipe and salt content, brine in periodic cyclic hole；The spacing of ultrasonic acoustic test tube is no more than 2m, ultrasonic acoustic test tube bottom
End and joint area set fixed point, and welding can be used in fixed form；Ultrasonic acoustic test tube install after should by closing suitable for reading, with
Exempt to fall into foreign matter, duct is caused to block；
The examination of the ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole, including check in ultrasonic acoustic test tube whether there is foreign matters from being blocked, ultrasonic acoustic
Whether test tube body has crackle, bending or flattens situation；It should be substantially parallel between ultrasonic acoustic test tube, nonparallelism should control
Below 1 ‰.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method in the step (2-2), demarcates supersonic reflectoscope
The system delay time t generated from transmitting to receiving instrument system0, shown in computational methods such as formula (II)：
t0=t1+tb+ty (Ⅱ)
t1For instrument sound itself be delayed, with right-angled intersection in the same concentrations brine of sounding hole, sampling key is pressed, when measuring sound
Value is delayed as sound；
tbAcross the time for freezing tube wall, to meet tb=(D-d)/v1, wherein D is outer diameter of steel pipes；D is pipe diameter；v1
For steel freezing pipe velocity of wave；
tyAcross the time of coupling brine, to meet ty=(d-Dh)/v2, wherein DhFor the outer diameter of measurement transducer；v2For
Brine supersonic speed velocity of wave.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, in step (2-1), correct amount measures the holes inspection
Test in method between two sounding holes in center line distance S and three hole regional area detection methods between sounding hole two-by-two center line away from
From S, accuracy in measurement is ± 1mm；Brine is injected in sounding hole.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, the holes method of inspection is between detection hole B and hole A
Compression strength, the specific steps are：Ultrasonic system delay time to be calibrated is t0Afterwards, by ultrasonic wave transmitting and receiving transducer point
It is not put into hole B and hole A, decentralization is to away from the positions bottom hole 0.5m, and Synchronous lifting emits and receiving transducer, ensures transmitting and receives spy
Head is in same level；The spacing of upper and lower adjacent two measuring point is 250~600mm；The velocity of wave V for recording each measuring point, apart from hole B
When with the hole apertures the A positions 0.5m, terminate to measure；
According to the velocity of wave V of frost wall between multigroup sound detecting pipe in same detection layer position, finds out sound wave and pass through same detection layer position
The average velocity of wave of frost wall between interior two adjacent sounding hole, the frost wall between two adjacent freezing holes is then obtained by formula (I)
Compression strength Fy；
When between two adjacent sound detecting pipes in same detection layer position frost wall velocity of wave V and frost wall be averaged velocity of waveMeet formula
(III) when, there is exception in the frost wall between two adjacent sounding holes, exists and does not hand over circle may；
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9；
The V between two abnormal adjacent sounding hole holes to occurwIt substitutes into formula (I), can obtain occurring exception two are adjacent
There is geological conditions and underground water between abnormal sounding hole in the mean compressive strength of frost wall between the hole of sounding hole, analytically calculated value
Flow velocity takes slip casting and intensified freezing measure in time.
Above-mentioned frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, the three holes regional area detection method are detection hole C
With hole B, the compression strength between hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A；
The specific steps are：Ultrasonic system delay time t to be calibrated0Afterwards, ultrasonic wave is emitted and is put respectively with receiving transducer
In entering between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A, decentralization is to away from the positions bottom hole 0.5m, Synchronous lifting transmitting and reception
Probe ensures transmitting with receiving transducer in same level；The spacing of upper and lower adjacent two measuring point is 250~600mm；Record is same
The ultrasonic velocity V of frost wall between one layer of position hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A1、V2And V3, apart from sounding hole
When the 0.5m of aperture, terminate to measure；
According to the ultrasonic velocity of frost wall between same detection layer position endoporus C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
V1、V2And V3And the soil moisture content ω and soil body density p of the detection layers position, hole C and hole B, hole B are obtained by formula (I)
The compression strength F of frost wall between hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3；
If the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3Meet public
Formula (IV)；
Fyi=kFy(i+1) (Ⅳ)
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9~1.1；
Then between three hole regional area hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A frost wall mean compressive strengthIt is acquired by formula (V),
If the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3It is unsatisfactory for
Formula (IV) then needs to analyze the frost wall between the three holes regional area hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
Thickness whether reach design thickness, if having reached design thickness, analyze compression strength Fy1、Fy2、Fy3There is exception
Geological conditions and groundwater velocity between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A or hole C and hole A, take slip casting and intensified freezing to arrange in time
It applies.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
The elastic property of frozen soil reflects frozen soil compression strength size, as soil temperature reduces, the increase of a large amount of ice particles
So that the cohesion between frozen soil skeleton is enhanced, enhances so as to cause frozen soil elastic property.Elasticity modulus is higher, internal finer and close strong
Degree is bigger, and velocity of wave is also higher, otherwise lower.There is inherent join with its mechanical strength by the elasticity modulus of frozen soil in ultrasonic velocity
System, the present invention establish the correlativity of frozen soil ultrasonic velocity and intensity to estimate the mean intensity of frozen soil.
The present invention transfers ultrasonic probe to thermometer hole in freezing hole or in decentralization to two freezing holes, is enclosed to freezing to hand over
Each soil layer ultrasonic propagation velocity is measured and compares afterwards, can find the uneven position of frost wall intensity in time.It will survey
The ultrasonic velocity obtained is updated to the compression strength velocity of wave significant with action effect obtained by experiment and experience, density, contains
Water rate, four factors of temperature quantitative expression in, i.e., freeze between quantitative measurement thermometer hole and freezing hole or two freezing holes
Wall mean compressive strength.So as to realize the process monitoring to region frost wall mean compressive strength and effect assessment.
It can be updated to and freezed by detecting different layers position soil layer ultrasonic propagation velocity using the detection method of the present invention
Functional relation between wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors, you can fixed
Frost wall mean compressive strength between the measurement thermometer hole and freezing hole or two freezing holes of amount.
Description of the drawings
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the ultrasound examination frost wall mean compressive strength schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is three hole regional area frost wall mean compressive strength detection arrangement figures.
Specific implementation mode
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.Similar component is indicated with identical reference numeral in attached drawing.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below
The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
A kind of frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, includes the following steps：
(1) establish frost wall mean compressive strength and ultrasonic velocity, three factors of soil body density and soil moisture content it
Between functional relation；Between frost wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors
Shown in functional relation such as formula (I)：
Fy=a+bV+c ρ+d ω+e ρ ω+f ρ V+g ω V+h ρ2+iω2+jV2 (Ⅰ)
A is undetermined constant item, and b~j is undetermined coefficient item, and V is ultrasonic velocity km/s；ρ is soil body density g/cm3；ω
For soil moisture content wt%.The ultrasonic velocity is velocity of wave of the ultrasonic wave in frost wall, and the soil body density is frost wall
Density before freezing, the soil moisture content are the moisture content before frost wall freezes.
Establish letter between frost wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors
When number relational expression, Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Character experiment is carried out to different layers position frozen soil body first, solve a, b in formula (I), c, d, e, f,
G, h, i and j, specific test procedure are as follows：
(1-A), to the statistic data of soil properties within the scope of the depth of freezing, chooses structure yet to be built according to surveying unit
Key horizon in embedded range, acquires the object different layers to be detected position soil body, as soil test block, is sent immediately to experiment after encapsulation
Room；
(1-B) tests the moisture content ω and soil body density p of soil test block；
(1-C) by the soil test block in step (1-A), according to experimental design temperature (as -10 DEG C, -11 DEG C, -12 DEG C, -13
DEG C, -15 DEG C, -16 DEG C, -17 DEG C, -18 DEG C, -19 DEG C, -20 DEG C) be put into it is close in the cabinet type Multifunctional Frozen dynamics experimental device of low temperature
It seals constant temperature at least 24 hours, becomes frozen soil test block；
(1-D) carries out frozen soil test block using NM-4A nonmetal ultrasonic detectors axial to surveying method ultrasonic test, survey
Determine the ultrasonic velocity V of frozen soil test block；
(1-E) carries out the compression strength of uniaxial compression measuring frozen soil test block using WDT-100 frozen soil experiment machines immediately
Fy；
Above-mentioned (1-C) is tested to the Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Character in (1-E) step in the temperature control insulating box of air-cooled temperature-reduction
Interior progress.
By the frozen soil block ultrasonic velocity V measured under 10 groups of difference solidification points and frozen soil test block pressure resistance intensity FyGeneration respectively
Enter in formula (I), solves ten yuan of linear function groups, a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and j are obtained, to obtain respective layer position frost wall
Functional relation between mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors.
(2) ultrasonic velocity of frost wall to be measured is detected, then the ultrasonic velocity detected is brought into step (1) and is obtained
To functional relation in, frost wall mean compressive strength to be measured is calculated.Detect the ultrasonic velocity packet of frost wall to be measured
Include following preparation：
(2-1) ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole is arranged and is checked and accepted；
Thermometer hole can be used as the use of ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole；Arrangement sounding hole is needed if area to be tested does not have thermometer hole；It is super
Sound wave sounding hole arrangement principle be：(a) it is arranged in frost wall boundary position；(b) it in non-focus detection area domain, is detected with holes
Method；(c) in focus detection area domain, three hole local detection areas are set；The relatively described non-emphasis detection in the focus detection area domain
Region is the region that ground temperature is higher or groundwater velocity is larger.
Correct amount measures center line distance S and three hole regional area inspections between two sounding holes in the holes method of inspection
Center line distance S between sounding hole, accuracy in measurement are ± 1mm two-by-two in survey method；Brine is injected in sounding hole.
Ultrasonic acoustic test tube is equipped in sounding hole, the ultrasonic acoustic test tube is the steel pipe of 89~108mm of diameter, wall thickness
For 5~8mm；Temperature monitoring line is provided in ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole；The upper end of ultrasonic acoustic test tube higher than earth's surface 300mm~
500mm；Brine is perfused in ultrasonic acoustic test tube；Check the water level and salt content in ultrasonic acoustic test tube, periodic cyclic hole inner salt
Water；The spacing of ultrasonic acoustic test tube is no more than 2m, and ultrasonic acoustic test tube bottom end and joint area set fixed point, and fixed form can adopt
With welding；Closing suitable for reading in order to avoid falling into foreign matter, should be caused duct to block by ultrasonic acoustic test tube after installing；The ultrasound
The examination of wave sound gaging hole, including check in ultrasonic acoustic test tube whether there is a foreign matters from being blocked, ultrasonic acoustic test tube body whether have crackle,
Situation is flattened in bending；It should be substantially parallel between ultrasonic acoustic test tube, nonparallelism should control below 1 ‰.
(2-2) ultrasonic system sound lag is demarcated.
The system delay time t that calibration supersonic reflectoscope is generated from transmitting to receiving instrument system0, computational methods such as public affairs
Shown in formula (II)：
t0=t1+tb+ty (Ⅱ)
t1For instrument sound itself be delayed, with right-angled intersection in the same concentrations brine of sounding hole, sampling key is pressed, when measuring sound
Value is delayed as sound；
tbAcross the time for freezing tube wall, to meet tb=(D-d)/v1, wherein D is outer diameter of steel pipes；D is pipe diameter；v1
For steel freezing pipe velocity of wave；
tyAcross the time of coupling brine, to meet ty=(d-Dh)/v2, wherein DhFor the outer diameter of measurement transducer；v2For
Brine supersonic speed velocity of wave.
The mean compressive strength ultrasound examination of (2-3) frost wall
Compression strength of (2-3-1) the holes method of inspection between detection hole B and hole A, the specific steps are：Ultrasonic wave to be calibrated
System delay time is t0Afterwards, ultrasonic wave transmitting is respectively put into receiving transducer in hole B and hole A, decentralization is to away from bottom hole 0.5m
Position, Synchronous lifting transmitting and receiving transducer, ensure transmitting with receiving transducer in same level；Upper and lower adjacent two measuring point
Spacing is 250~600mm；The velocity of wave V for recording each measuring point when apart from hole B and the hole apertures the A positions 0.5m, terminates to measure；
According to the velocity of wave V of frost wall between multigroup sound detecting pipe in same detection layer position, finds out sound wave and pass through same detection layer position
The average velocity of wave of frost wall between interior two adjacent sounding hole, the frost wall between two adjacent freezing holes is then obtained by formula (I)
Compression strength Fy；
When between two adjacent sound detecting pipes in same detection layer position frost wall velocity of wave V and frost wall be averaged velocity of waveMeet formula
(III) when, there is exception in the frost wall between two adjacent sounding holes, exists and does not hand over circle may；
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9；
The V between two abnormal adjacent sounding hole holes to occurwIt substitutes into formula (I), can obtain occurring exception two are adjacent
There is geological conditions and underground water between abnormal sounding hole in the mean compressive strength of frost wall between the hole of sounding hole, analytically calculated value
Flow velocity takes slip casting and intensified freezing measure in time.
(2-3-1) described three holes regional area detection method is detection hole C and hole B, between hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
Compression strength；
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the specific steps are：Ultrasonic system delay time t to be calibrated0Afterwards, by ultrasonic wave transmitting with
During receiving transducer is respectively put between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A, decentralization is synchronized to away from the positions bottom hole 0.5m
Transmitting and receiving transducer are promoted, ensures transmitting with receiving transducer in same level；The spacing of upper and lower adjacent two measuring point is 250
~600mm；The ultrasonic velocity V of frost wall between record same layer position hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A1、V2With
V3, when apart from sounding hole aperture 0.5m, terminate to measure；
According to the ultrasonic velocity of frost wall between same detection layer position endoporus C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
V1、V2And V3And the soil moisture content ω and soil body density p of the detection layers position, hole C and hole B, hole B are obtained by formula (I)
The compression strength F of frost wall between hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3；
If the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3Meet public
Formula (IV)；
Fyi=kFy(i+1) (Ⅳ)
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9~1.1；
Then between three hole regional area hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A frost wall mean compressive strengthIt is acquired by formula (V),
If the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3It is unsatisfactory for
Formula (IV) then needs to analyze the frost wall between the three holes regional area hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
Thickness whether reach design thickness, if having reached design thickness, analyze compression strength Fy1、Fy2、Fy3There is exception
Geological conditions and groundwater velocity between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A or hole C and hole A, take slip casting and intensified freezing to arrange in time
It applies.
Compression strength after certain Freezing stratum as rapid is detected using the method for the present embodiment, testing result is as shown in table 1：
1 Prediction of compressive strength table of table
Engineering test example：Certain freezing engineering is contained with the frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method of the present invention
Sand silty clay (conventional soil test measure moisture content ω be 37.53%, density p 1.87g/cm3) carry out frost wall
Ultrasound examination, by the frozen soil block ultrasonic velocity V measured under 10 groups of difference solidification points and frozen soil test block pressure resistance intensity Fy
And soil test block moisture content ω and soil body density p substitute into following formula：
Fy=a+bV+c ρ+d ω+e ρ ω+f ρ V+g ω V+h ρ2+iω2+jV2；
To establish this layer of position soil body compression strength FyUltrasonic velocity V significant with action effect, density p, moisture content
Functional relation is shown in formula (VI) between tri- factors of ω：
V is the ultrasonic velocity km/s in frost wall；ρ is soil body density g/cm3；ω is soil moisture content wt%.
Mean compressive strength detection is carried out to certain freezing engineering clay layer of matter containing emery dust using two hole detections, is measured identical
Five pairs of the detection layers position freezing pipe velocity of sound is respectively 2.91km/s, 2.92km/s, 2.89km/s, 2.90km/s, 2.92km/s.It acquires
Two adjacent freezing hole of the clay layer of matter containing emery dust is averaged velocity of waveKm/s, i.e. the frost wall ultrasound popin of this detection layers position
Equal velocity of wave
For the frost wall to be detected of this layer of position, it is V to measure the velocity of wave between hole B and hole A firstw=2.61km/s,
Judge VwWhether formula (III) is met,
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9；If VwMeet formula (III) and then illustrates that the frost wall presence between hole B and hole A is not handed over
The possibility of circle.Then the frost wall between hole B and hole A exists
Have and does not hand over circle may.By VwFormula (VI) is substituted into, the mean compressive strength between B and hole A that can must portal is 2.69MPa.Emphasis point
It analyses calculated value and geological conditions, groundwater velocity between abnormal freezing hole occurs, take the measures such as slip casting, intensified freezing in time.
Using three hole regional area detection methods mean compressive strength detection is carried out to containing emery dust matter clay layer, hole C and hole B,
The ultrasonic velocity V of frost wall between hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A1、V2And V3Respectively 2.96km/s, 2.92km/s,
2.93km/s.By ultrasonic velocity V1、V2And V3And the soil moisture content ω 37.53% and soil body density p of the detection layers position
1.87g/cm3, bring into formula (VI), calculate the pressure resistance of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
Spend Fy1、Fy2、Fy3Respectively 3.205MPa, 3.022MPa, 3.065MPa.If being unsatisfactory for formula (IV), region jelly is analyzed
Whether knot wall reaches design thickness, and geological conditions, subsurface flow between the sounding hole of abnormal side occurs in selective analysis calculated value
Speed takes the measures such as slip casting, intensified freezing in time.
Fyi=kFy(i+1) (Ⅳ)
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9~1.1；
That is Fy1/Fy2=3.205MPa/3.022MPa=1.060；
Fy2/Fy3=3.022MPa/3.065MPa=0.986；
Then by the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3Bring public affairs into
Formula (V),
I.e.It is strong to acquire Mean Crush
DegreeFor 3.097MPa.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art
To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is every to belong to this hair
Row of the obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) letter between frost wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors is established
Number relational expression；The ultrasonic velocity is velocity of wave of the ultrasonic wave in frost wall, and the soil body density is before frost wall freezes
Density, the soil moisture content are the moisture content before frost wall freezes；
(2) ultrasonic velocity detected, is then brought into the function in step (1) by the ultrasonic velocity for detecting frost wall to be measured
In relational expression, frost wall mean compressive strength to be measured is calculated.
2. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1),
Functional relation such as formula between frost wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors
(I) shown in：
Fy=a+bV+c ρ+d ω+e ρ ω+f ρ V+g ω V+h ρ2+iω2+jV2 (Ⅰ)
A is undetermined constant item, and b~j is undetermined coefficient item, and undetermined constant item and undetermined coefficient Xiang Jun are polynary according to experimental data
Linear regression analysis obtains, and V is ultrasonic velocity km/s；ρ is soil body density g/cm3；ω is soil moisture content wt%.
3. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1)
In, it establishes function between frost wall mean compressive strength and three ultrasonic velocity, soil body density and soil moisture content factors and closes
When being formula, Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Character experiment is carried out to different layers position frozen soil body first, specific test procedure is as follows：
(1-A), to the statistic data of soil properties within the scope of the depth of freezing, it is embedded to choose structure yet to be built according to surveying unit
Key horizon in range acquires the object different layers to be detected position soil body, as soil test block, is sent immediately to laboratory after encapsulation；
(1-B) tests the moisture content ω and soil body density p of soil test block；
(1-C) is put into the cabinet type Multifunctional Frozen mechanics reality of low temperature by the soil test block in step (1-A), according to experimental design temperature
Experiment device interior sealing constant temperature at least 24 hours, becomes frozen soil test block；
(1-D) carries out frozen soil test block using NM-4A nonmetal ultrasonic detectors axial to surveying method ultrasonic test, measurement jelly
The ultrasonic velocity V of native test block；
(1-E) carries out the compression strength F of uniaxial compression measuring frozen soil test block using WDT-100 frozen soil experiment machines immediatelyy；
Above-mentioned (1-C) in (1-E) step Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Character test in the temperature control insulating box of air-cooled temperature-reduction into
Row.
4. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2)
The ultrasonic velocity for detecting frost wall to be measured includes following preparation：
(2-1) ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole is arranged and is checked and accepted；
(2-2) ultrasonic system sound lag is demarcated.
5. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step (2-1)
In, thermometer hole can be used as the use of ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole；Arrangement sounding hole is needed if area to be tested does not have thermometer hole；Ultrasonic acoustic
Gaging hole arrangement principle be：(a) it is arranged in frost wall boundary position；(b) in non-focus detection area domain, with two hole detections；(c)
In focus detection area domain, three hole local detection areas are set；The relatively described non-focus detection area domain in the focus detection area domain is
The region that ground temperature is higher or groundwater velocity is larger.
6. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that sounding is set in hole
It is the steel pipe of 89~108mm of diameter to have ultrasonic acoustic test tube, the ultrasonic acoustic test tube, and wall thickness is 5~8mm；Ultrasonic wave sounding
Temperature monitoring line is provided in hole；The upper end of ultrasonic acoustic test tube is higher than earth's surface 300mm~500mm；It is filled in ultrasonic acoustic test tube
Saltwater injection；Check the water level and salt content in ultrasonic acoustic test tube, brine in periodic cyclic hole；The spacing of ultrasonic acoustic test tube is not
More than 2m, ultrasonic acoustic test tube bottom end and joint area set fixed point, and welding can be used in fixed form；Ultrasonic acoustic test tube is installed
After in order to avoid falling into foreign matter, duct should be caused to block closing suitable for reading；
The examination of the ultrasonic acoustic gaging hole, including check in ultrasonic acoustic test tube whether there is foreign matters from being blocked, ultrasonic acoustic test tube
Whether body has crackle, bending or flattens situation；It should be substantially parallel between ultrasonic acoustic test tube, nonparallelism should control
1 ‰ or less.
7. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step
In (2-2), the system delay time t that supersonic reflectoscope is generated from transmitting to receiving instrument system is demarcated0, computational methods such as public affairs
Shown in formula (II)：
t0=t1+tb+ty (Ⅱ)
t1For instrument sound itself be delayed, with right-angled intersection in the same concentrations brine of sounding hole, press sampling key, measure sound duration, make
It is delayed for sound；
tbAcross the time for freezing tube wall, to meet tb=(D-d)/v1, wherein D is outer diameter of steel pipes；D is pipe diameter；v1For steel
Matter freezing pipe velocity of wave；
tyAcross the time of coupling brine, to meet ty=(d-Dh)/v2, wherein DhFor the outer diameter of measurement transducer；v2For brine
Supersonic speed velocity of wave.
8. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that step (2-1)
In, correct amount measures in the holes method of inspection center line distance S and three hole regional area detection methods between two sounding holes
In center line distance S between sounding hole, accuracy in measurement are ± 1mm two-by-two；Brine is injected in sounding hole.
9. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the holes inspection
Compression strength of the method between detection hole B and hole A is tested, the specific steps are：Ultrasonic system delay time to be calibrated is t0Afterwards, will
Ultrasonic wave, which emits, to be respectively put into receiving transducer in hole B and hole A, and to away from the positions bottom hole 0.5m, Synchronous lifting emits and connects for decentralization
Probe is received, ensures transmitting with receiving transducer in same level；The spacing of upper and lower adjacent two measuring point is 250~600mm；Record
The velocity of wave V of each measuring point when apart from hole B and the hole apertures the A positions 0.5m, terminates to measure；
According to the velocity of wave V of frost wall between multigroup sound detecting pipe in same detection layer position, sound wave is found out by same detection layer position two
The average velocity of wave of frost wall between adjacent sounding holeThen the frost wall resistance to compression between two adjacent freezing holes is obtained by formula (I)
Intensity Fy；
When between two adjacent sound detecting pipes in same detection layer position frost wall velocity of wave V and frost wall be averaged velocity of waveMeet formula (III)
When, the frost wall between two adjacent sounding holes occurs abnormal, exists and does not hand over circle may；
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9；
The V between two abnormal adjacent sounding hole holes to occurwIt substitutes into formula (I), the two adjacent sounding holes for occurring abnormal can be obtained
There is geological conditions and groundwater velocity between abnormal sounding hole in the mean compressive strength of frost wall between hole, analytically calculated value,
Take slip casting and intensified freezing measure in time.
10. frost wall mean compressive strength ultrasonic detection method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that three hole
Regional area detection method is detection hole C and hole B, the compression strength between hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A；
The specific steps are：Ultrasonic system delay time t to be calibrated0Afterwards, ultrasonic wave transmitting is respectively put into hole C with receiving transducer
In between hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A, decentralization is to away from the positions bottom hole 0.5m, and Synchronous lifting emits and receiving transducer,
Ensure transmitting with receiving transducer in same level；The spacing of upper and lower adjacent two measuring point is 250~600mm；Record same layer position
The ultrasonic velocity V of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A1、V2And V3, apart from sounding hole aperture
When 0.5m, terminate to measure；
According to the ultrasonic velocity V of frost wall between same detection layer position endoporus C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A1、V2
And V3And the soil moisture content ω and soil body density p of the detection layers position, hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A are obtained by formula (I)
And between hole C and hole A frost wall compression strength Fy1、Fy2、Fy3；
If the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3Meet formula
(Ⅳ)；
Fyi=kFy(i+1) (Ⅳ)
Wherein k is coefficient, k=0.9~1.1；
Then between three hole regional area hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A frost wall mean compressive strengthPass through
Formula (V) acquires,
If the compression strength F of frost wall between hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole Ay1、Fy2、Fy3It is unsatisfactory for formula
(IV), then need to analyze the thickness of the frost wall between the three holes regional area hole C and hole B, hole B and hole A and hole C and hole A
Whether degree reaches design thickness, if having reached design thickness, analyzes compression strength Fy1、Fy2、Fy3There is abnormal hole C
Geological conditions and groundwater velocity between hole B, hole B and hole A or hole C and hole A, take slip casting and intensified freezing measure in time.
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| CN116608009A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-08-18 | 安徽建筑大学 | Method for monitoring layering freezing and grouting reinforcement effects in real time |
| CN116972954A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 山东省地震工程研究院 | Rock-soil wave velocity measurement method and device based on in-situ excitation |
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| CN111042096A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 河海大学 | Rapid detection and evaluation method for light soil subgrade |
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| CN116972954A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 山东省地震工程研究院 | Rock-soil wave velocity measurement method and device based on in-situ excitation |
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