CN108770684A - A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry - Google Patents
A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108770684A CN108770684A CN201810660312.3A CN201810660312A CN108770684A CN 108770684 A CN108770684 A CN 108770684A CN 201810660312 A CN201810660312 A CN 201810660312A CN 108770684 A CN108770684 A CN 108770684A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- cenospecies
- male parent
- pollination
- branch
- negative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry pre-processes regulation florescence including the use of cyanamide, makes male parent and maternal flower synchronization；Growth selection is healthy and strong, without the scion of branch full, with leaf bud more than disease pest harm, diameter 1cm or so, bud, is grafted on female parent using the method for double whip grafts；Tree body is isolated using fly net or nylon wire, utilizes bumblebee supple-mentary pollination；Collect positive and negative cenospecies.The present invention utilizes the self-incompatible characteristic of sweet cherry, provides a kind of suitable for sweet cherry, efficiently to breed the positive and negative cenospecies of breeding parent method.At the pollination time sustainable entire florescence of the present invention, flower Stamen development degree is high, and pollination success rate is high；Using bumblebee supple-mentary pollination, labour demand is small, can carry out scale hybridization pollination, work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient positive and negative cenospecies mating systems of sweet cherry, belong to fruit tree hybridization breeding technology neck
Domain.
Background technology
Artificial hybridization breeding is the major way of sweet cherry breeding of new variety, wherein hybridization pollination is committed step.For row
Single-minded to obtain the filial generation for specifying parent except other kinds are interfered, traditional hybridization pollination needs to strictly observe following steps：
（One）Make paternal pollen：Acquisition is in the small bell florescence（It will open but not yet open）Male parent flower, collect anther after
Interior is dried in the shade, and waits for that pollen sheds, and it is stored refrigerated in 0-4 DEG C to collect pollen.（Two）Artificial pollination：At the maternal small bell florescence, people
Work removes its petal, and gynoecium is made to expose；Paternal pollen is dipped with swab stick, point invests pistil stigma.（Three）Isolation：Completion is manually awarded
After powder, the flower pollinated is isolated using paper bag or fine and closely woven mesh bag, prevents the pollen for being infected with other kinds.
Although this mode ensure that the accuracy of hybridization pollination, but there are significant limitations.First, it can only use early
Flower variety does male parent, late flowering variety does female parent, is restricted in parent's configuration；Second, artificial pollination must be in Stamen development maturation
But flower carries out when not yet open, and the operating time is confined to bloom in the previous day, because every flower development degree is different, pollination efficiency
It is relatively low；Third during artificial pollination, needs that maternal flower is removed petal and put one by one to award pollen, time-consuming and laborious, pollination effect
Rate is low, and is easy injury gynoecium, reduces pollination success rate.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention utilizes the self-incompatible characteristic of sweet cherry, provide it is a kind of suitable for sweet cherry,
The efficiently method of the breeding positive and negative cenospecies of breeding parent.To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry, is as follows：
（1）Pre-process regulation florescence：1 month or so before evening flower parent's rudiment, fair weather is selected to spray matter to parent's branch
Measure the cyanamide of a concentration of 0-2% so that male parent and maternal flower synchronization；
It if male parent is not met with the maternal florescence, can not pollinate, by spraying the cyanamide that mass concentration is 0-2%, promote
Parent's advance flowering period is extremely consistent with the florescence of another parent.
（2）Male parent spray acquires and grafting：After spraying cyanamide, male parent robust growth is selected, without disease pest harm, diameter
1cm or so, bud branch mostly full, with leaf bud, cut the scion of growth 28-32cm, after being wrapped up first with wet newspaper
It is packaged again with plastic film, is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerations；Fair weather, the different directions in maternal tree crown periphery is selected to use double whip grafts
Method, by 5-8 male parent scion grafting on the maternal branch similar in rugosity therewith, interface is wrapped up with plastic strip it is close,
And it marks；
（3）Tree body is isolated and bumblebee supple-mentary pollination：Before blooming, male parent spray will have been grafted using fly net or nylon wire
Maternal tree body is fully wrapped around, it is made to be isolated with other tree bodies；To when blooming, into net being put into bumblebee pollinates；Florescence terminates
Afterwards, fly net is removed, fruit is made to develop naturally；
（4）Collect positive and negative cenospecies：After fruit full maturity, the fruit on unmarked branch is acquired, collects seed, as just
Hand over cenospecies；Collect the fruit on label branch, as reciprocal cross cenospecies.
Further, the step（2）It is middle selection male parent robust growth, more without disease pest harm, diameter 1cm or so, bud
And branch full, with leaf bud, cut the scion of growth 30cm.
Further, the aperture of the fly net or nylon wire is 0.5-1.5mm；Preferably 1mm.
Cyanamide concentration is determined according to male parent, maternal florescence gap degree and kind sensibility.Florescence gap is small, to single cyanogen
Amine is sensitive, need to reduce application concentration；Conversely, properly increasing concentration.
The effect of nylon wire is the pollen for preventing insect from bringing non-male parent into, need to persistently be used at the entire florescence.Bumblebee adapts to
Property, mobility are strong, and Pollination Effect is good in small space, and when use must buy commercially produced product, and cash purchase is current, is kept away before use
Exempt from bee colony in sweet cherry planting area activity, prevents the pollen contamination of non-male parent.
This method has the following advantages compared with prior art：
1, the present invention regulates and controls flowering time using cyanamide, eliminates the step of acquiring pollen in advance, makes the kind that the florescence is later
Also it can be used as male parent；
2, the present invention utilizes the self-incompatible characteristic of sweet cherry, while by the way of physical isolation, having cut off except male parent
The pollution channel of pollen, at the pollination time sustainable entire florescence, flower Stamen development degree is high, and pollination success rate is high；
3, the present invention uses bumblebee supple-mentary pollination, it is not necessary that the artificial pollination one by one of maternal flower, labour demand is small, can be into professional etiquette
Modelling hybridization pollination, working efficiency are greatly improved.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.But examples are merely exemplary, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Those skilled in the art answer
It should be appreciated that can be repaiied without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention to the details and form of technical solution of the present invention
Change or replace, but these modifications and replacement are each fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of efficient positive and negative cenospecies mating system of sweet cherry of embodiment 1
It is as follows：
2017, be female parent by male parent, " U.S. early " sweet cherry of " Sa meter Te " sweet cherry in Shandong Province Tai'an summer Zhang Zhen, into
Row hybridization pollination.
" Sa meter Te " and " U.S. early " florescence are not quite identical, and " Sa meter Te " is 4-8 days more late than " U.S. early ", and there are the florescences for the two not
The risk met need in advance be adjusted " Sa meter Te " florescence using cyanamide.
（1）The pretreatment regulation and control male parent florescence：March 4（It is fine about 1 month before blooming）, to " Sa meter Te " tree body
The cyanamide solution that uniform spraying concentration is 1.5%.
（2）Male parent spray acquires and grafting：It endangered from " Sa meter Te " tree crown periphery growth selection stalwartness, without disease pest March 7
Evil, diameter 1cm or so, bud mostly full 6, branch with leaf bud, are cut into the scion of 10 root long 30cm or so, use is wet
In 4 DEG C of refrigerations after newspaper and plastic film package；Selected 1 plant of robust growth, bud satiation, without disease pest harm March 10
" U.S. early " plant respectively selects 2 and branch similar in scion rugosity in East, West, South, North four direction of the fine day in its tree crown periphery
Item grafts " Sa meter Te " scion using the method for double whip grafts, and each scion is hung 2 red-tickets and is marked.
（3）Tree body is isolated and bumblebee supple-mentary pollination：March 24, bud, which has expanded, sprouts, the pros for the use of the length of side being 8 meters
Shape fly net " U.S. early " whole tree of plant by selected by covers, compact with soil at fly net landing；April 1, " U.S. early " flower have been developed
It is spent to small bell（Away from 1-2 days open）, buy bumblebee and be released into fly net below tree crown, fly net is resealed, is made
Bumblebee free pollination in net.After florescence, fly net is removed, fruit is made to develop naturally.
（4）Collect positive and negative cenospecies：To May 26, " U.S. early " fruit full maturity was adopted from the branch of redfree label
Collect fruit 863, remove pulp, collect fruit stone, obtains orthogonal crossover kind（" U.S. early " is maternal, " Sa meter Te " is the miscellaneous of male parent
Hand over seed）.
To June 5, " Sa meter Te " fruit full maturity, from collecting fruit 75 on the branch that red-ticket marks, removal
Pulp collects fruit stone, obtains reciprocal cross cenospecies（" Sa meter Te " is female parent, the hybrid seed that " U.S. early " is male parent）.
A kind of efficient positive and negative cenospecies mating system of sweet cherry of embodiment 2
2017, in Shandong Province Taishan District of Taian City, it is maternal using " pioneer " sweet cherry as male parent, " red light " sweet cherry, carries out
Hybridization pollination." pioneer " is close with " red light " flowering time, flower synchronization, and florescence adjustment is carried out without using cyanamide.
（1）Male parent spray acquires and grafting：March 8, endangered from " pioneer " tree crown periphery growth selection stalwartness, without disease pest,
Diameter 1cm or so, bud branch mostly full, with leaf bud, the scion of 10 root long 30cm of clip or so, with wet newspaper and modeling
It is refrigerated in 4 DEG C after expecting film package；It is March 11, fine, select 1 plant of robust growth, bud satiation, without disease pest harm
" red light " plant, in its tree crown periphery different direction, using " pioneer " scion of the method grafting refrigeration of double whip grafts, after grafting
Scion suspension red-ticket is marked.
（2）Tree body is isolated and bumblebee supple-mentary pollination：March 22, bud, which has expanded, sprouts, the pros for the use of the length of side being 8 meters
Shape fly net whole tree of " red light " plant by selected by covers, compact with soil at fly net landing；April 2, Parent flower start into
Enter the small bell florescence（Away from 1-2 days open）, ready bumblebee will be shifted to an earlier date and be released into fly net below tree crown, resealed
Fly net makes bumblebee free pollination in net.After florescence, fly net is removed, fruit is developed naturally.
（3）Collect positive and negative cenospecies：To May 19, " red light " fruit full maturity was adopted from the branch of redfree label
Collect fruit 624, remove pulp, collect fruit stone, obtains orthogonal crossover kind（The hybridization that " red light " is female parent, " pioneer " is male parent
Seed）.
To May 24, " pioneer " fruit full maturity, from collecting fruit 53 on the branch that red-ticket marks, removal
Pulp collects fruit stone, obtains reciprocal cross cenospecies（The hybrid seed that " pioneer " is female parent, " red light " is male parent）.
A kind of efficient positive and negative cenospecies mating system of sweet cherry of embodiment 3
2017, be female parent by male parent, " pioneer " sweet cherry of " early ruby " sweet cherry in Shandong Province Taishan District of Taian City,
Carry out hybridization pollination." early ruby " blooms 4 days more early than " pioneer " or so, and the florescence partly overlaps, and to ensure pollination quality, need to make
With low concentration cyanamide（0.7%）Florescence adjustment is carried out to parental varieties " pioneer ".
（1）The pretreatment regulation and control maternal florescence：March 3（It is fine about 1 month before blooming）, 1 plant of robust growth of selection,
Bud satiation, " pioneer " plant without disease pest harm, the cyanamide solution for being 0.7% to the uniform spraying concentration of tree body.
（2）Male parent spray acquires and grafting：March 3, from " early ruby " tree crown periphery growth selection stalwartness, without disease pest
Harm, diameter 1cm or so, bud mostly branch full, with leaf bud, the scion of 10 root long 30cm of clip or so, with wet report
In 4 DEG C of refrigerations after paper and plastic film package；It is March 11, fine, the not Tongfang in selected " pioneer " plant tree crown periphery
" early ruby " scion is grafted in position using the method for double whip grafts, and the scion suspension red-ticket after grafting is marked.
（3）Tree body is isolated and bumblebee supple-mentary pollination：March 22, bud, which has expanded, sprouts, the pros for the use of the length of side being 8 meters
Shape fly net covers the whole tree of " pioneer " plant, compact with soil at fly net landing；March 29, Parent flower germinates
It is spent to small bell（Away from 1-2 days open）, ready bumblebee will be shifted to an earlier date and be released into fly net below tree crown, resealed anti-
Worm net makes bumblebee free pollination in net.After florescence, fly net is removed, fruit is developed naturally.
（4）Collect positive and negative cenospecies：To May 13, " early ruby " fruit full maturity, from the branch with red-ticket
Upper collecting fruit 56 removes pulp, collects fruit stone, obtains reciprocal cross cenospecies（" early ruby " is maternal, " pioneer " is male parent
Hybrid seed）.
To May 21, " pioneer " fruit full maturity removed pulp from collecting fruit 663 on unlabelled branch,
Fruit stone is collected, orthogonal crossover kind is obtained（The hybrid seed that " pioneer " is female parent, " early ruby " is male parent）.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry, which is characterized in that be as follows：
（1）Pre-process regulation florescence：1 month or so before evening flower parental breed rudiment, fair weather is selected to spray parent's branch
The cyanamide that mass concentration is 0-2% is applied, male parent and maternal flower synchronization are made；
（2）Male parent spray acquires and grafting：After spraying cyanamide, male parent robust growth is selected, without disease pest harm, the left sides diameter 1cm
Right, bud branch mostly full, with leaf bud, cuts the scion of growth 28-32cm, again with modeling after being wrapped up first with wet newspaper
Material film packages, and is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerations；Fair weather, the different directions in maternal tree crown periphery is selected to use the side of double whip grafts
Interface plastic strip on the maternal branch similar in rugosity therewith, is wrapped up 5-8 male parent scion grafting closely, and do by method
Good label；
（3）Tree body is isolated and bumblebee supple-mentary pollination：Before blooming, male parent spray will have been grafted using fly net or nylon wire
Maternal tree body is fully wrapped around, it is made to be isolated with other tree bodies；To when blooming, into net being put into bumblebee pollinates；Florescence terminates
Afterwards, fly net is removed, fruit is made to develop naturally；
（4）Collect positive and negative cenospecies：After fruit full maturity, the fruit on unmarked branch is acquired, collects seed, as just
Hand over cenospecies；Collect the fruit on label branch, as reciprocal cross cenospecies.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step（2）Middle selection male parent robust growth, without disease pest
Harm, diameter 1cm or so, bud mostly branch full, with leaf bud, cut the scion of growth 30cm.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step（3）Described in fly net or nylon wire hole
Diameter is 0.5-1.5mm.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the step（3）Described in fly net or nylon wire hole
Diameter is 1mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810660312.3A CN108770684A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810660312.3A CN108770684A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108770684A true CN108770684A (en) | 2018-11-09 |
Family
ID=64025653
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810660312.3A Pending CN108770684A (en) | 2018-06-25 | 2018-06-25 | A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108770684A (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101361491A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Field culture european large cherry budbreaking chemicals and budbreaking method in regions south of the Changjiang river |
| CN102884947A (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-01-23 | 郭瑞才 | High branch grafting pollination method |
| CN103210833A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-07-24 | 吴文武 | Grafting hybridization improvement method |
| CN107660428A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 赵素娟 | A kind of breeding method of Virgin's milk cherry |
-
2018
- 2018-06-25 CN CN201810660312.3A patent/CN108770684A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101361491A (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2009-02-11 | 上海交通大学 | Field culture european large cherry budbreaking chemicals and budbreaking method in regions south of the Changjiang river |
| CN102884947A (en) * | 2012-09-22 | 2013-01-23 | 郭瑞才 | High branch grafting pollination method |
| CN103210833A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-07-24 | 吴文武 | Grafting hybridization improvement method |
| CN107660428A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2018-02-06 | 赵素娟 | A kind of breeding method of Virgin's milk cherry |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨铁钊等: "《烟草育种学》", 30 June 2003 * |
| 洪莉等: "南方矮化甜樱桃设施栽培技术", 《湖南农业科学》 * |
| 艾呈祥等: "樱桃杂交授粉的研究", 《落叶果树》 * |
| 高秀花等: "大棚樱桃熊蜂授粉试验", 《果农之友》 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Yermanos | Sesame | |
| Bliss | Common bean | |
| CN104663259A (en) | Grafting method for hybrid citrus seed seedlings | |
| CN109122300A (en) | A kind of tea tree hybridization breeding method | |
| CN103891601A (en) | Artificial hybridization type petal pollination method for tea tree | |
| CN105532248A (en) | Flowering period synchronization regulating method for wheat and corn cross inducing haploid embryo | |
| CN113785741A (en) | Seed production method for pepper breeding | |
| CN109169261A (en) | A kind of peanut hybridization breeding marking method | |
| AU2012275677B2 (en) | Methods for modulating strobili development in gymnosperm trees | |
| Schertz et al. | Sorghum | |
| CN110074111B (en) | Treating agent and method for improving millet hybridization seed setting rate | |
| CN111602593A (en) | Male shearing hybridization method for wheat | |
| CN104082129B (en) | A kind of pollinating method for pomegranate crossbreeding | |
| CN108770684A (en) | A kind of positive and negative cenospecies mating system of efficient sweet cherry | |
| CN106818226B (en) | Multi-variety top-grafting head-changing hybrid seed production method for persimmon trees | |
| Taylor | Clovers | |
| Kouakou et al. | Comparative efficacy of Elaeidobius kamerunicus, E. plagiatus, E. subvittatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Microporum spp.(Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in the pollination of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). | |
| Haunold et al. | Pollen Collection, Crossing, and Seed Germination of Hop 1 | |
| Rouse | The propagation of Rhododendron section Vireya from seed | |
| Sha | Rice artificial hybridization for genetic analysis | |
| McDaniel et al. | Approach Crossing of Oats (Avena SPP.) 1 | |
| CN111264379A (en) | Banana cultivation method convenient for artificial pollination | |
| CN111328702A (en) | Method for inducing and generating cabbage type rape seeds and application | |
| CN105165599B (en) | A kind of selection of extremely early mature cabbage mustard self-mating system | |
| CN101116419A (en) | Centipede grass cross-breeding method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181109 |