CN108754596A - A kind of the environmental protection polishing electrolyte and polishing method of titanium alloy - Google Patents
A kind of the environmental protection polishing electrolyte and polishing method of titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN108754596A CN108754596A CN201810721230.5A CN201810721230A CN108754596A CN 108754596 A CN108754596 A CN 108754596A CN 201810721230 A CN201810721230 A CN 201810721230A CN 108754596 A CN108754596 A CN 108754596A
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- titanium alloy
- electrolyte
- polishing
- ethyl alcohol
- environmental protection
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/22—Polishing of heavy metals
- C25F3/26—Polishing of heavy metals of refractory metals
Abstract
The environmental protection polishing electrolyte and polishing method, the electrolyte of a kind of titanium alloy of the present invention are made of ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, sodium chloride, ammonium fluoride, triethanolamine, and each component and its content are：The volume ratio of ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：1 ~ 20, sodium chloride concentration is 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L, and a concentration of 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L of ammonium fluoride, triethanolamine concentrations are 0.01 ~ 0.05 mol/L.The polishing electrolyte and polishing method of environmental protection titanium alloy provided by the invention have the characteristics that：Without containing strong oxidizers such as strong acid and perchloric acid, chromic anhybride, hydrogen peroxide such as conventional titanium alloy polishing electrolyte institute common perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, environmental pollution and the health hazard to operating personnel are effectively reduced；It is cheap and easily-available using raw material, low operation cost；It effectively prevents spot corrosion, bubble, phenomena such as black.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal treatment arts, more particularly to a kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy and polishing
Method.
Background technology
Titanium alloy has many advantages, such as high tenacity, high intensity, anticorrosive, is widely used in space flight, ship, chemical industry, energy etc.
Field.But the feature that titanium alloy heat conductivility is poor, hardness is high, elasticity modulus is low make its be difficult to be shaped at surface
Reason.
Currently, mechanical polishing, chemical polishing and electrochemical polish can be divided into the polishing method of titanium alloy.
Wherein, electrochemical polish is also referred to as electrobrightening.Electrochemical polish is to pass through workpiece table using workpiece as anode
Face is selectively passivated the effect that course of dissolution realizes surfacing polishing.Electrochemical polish is anti-based on contactless chemistry
Mechanism is answered to make it suitable for the surfacing of high rigidity, improved corrosion metal material.With at low cost, efficient, polishing effect
The features such as fruit is good, burnishing surface is not limited to plane has universal application in the industry.
In the prior art, there are the following problems for the electrochemical polish of titanium alloy：（1）Polishing electrolyte is generally strong acid（It is high
Chloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid etc.）And strong oxidizer（Perchloric acid, chromic anhybride, hydrogen peroxide etc.）, it is toxic and volatile, it is easy
Cause serious environmental pollution；（2）Electrochemical polish is frequently accompanied by spot corrosion, and bubble phenomena such as black, and polishing condition needs excellent
Change.Such as：
Chinese invention patent application（Application number：2017 1 0789294 .4）Provide a kind of " electrochemistry throwing of titanium or titanium alloy
Light liquid and polishing method ", each component and its content are in the electrochemical polish liquid：Sodium chloride 10-40g/L；Glycerine 40-70%；
Ethylene glycol 20-40%；Absolute ethyl alcohol 5-20%；Perchloric acid 0.1-1%；Additive 1-5g/L；The additive is by accelerator, whole
Flat agent and brightener composition.However, this application has aggressive, strong and stimulating using perchloric acid, human body can be caused to burn.
Therefore, in the prior art there are problem, there is an urgent need for developing a kind of no strong acid, without strong oxidizer, environmental protection, polishing
The good titanium alloy electrochemical polishing technology of effect is particularly important with solving shortcoming in the prior art.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to avoid shortcoming in the prior art and provide a kind of no strong acid, without strong oxidizer,
Environmentally friendly, the good titanium alloy of polishing effect polishing electrolyte.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy is provided, the electrolyte is by ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, sodium chloride, ammonium fluoride, three ethyl alcohol
Amine forms, and each component and its content are：
The volume ratio of ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：1 ~ 20, the viscosity of electrolyte can be increased using ethylene glycol.
Sodium chloride concentration is 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L, and sodium chloride makes it dissolve as supporting electrolyte in ethyl alcohol and second two
Alcohol mixed liquor reduces solution polarization, improves polishing efficiency to increase polishing fluid conductive capability.
A concentration of 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L of ammonium fluoride, ammonium fluoride form network as activator, with Ti-alloy anode dissolved matter
Object is closed, oxide on surface passivation is abolished.
Triethanolamine concentrations are 0.01 ~ 0.05 mol/L, and triethanolamine plays protection as corrosion inhibiter, to titanium alloy surface and makees
With forming brokenly passivation-inhibition with ammonium fluoride and balance, increase coarse site and smooth site current density difference, improve polishing and imitates
Fruit.
The present invention provides a kind of without containing conventional titanium alloy polishing electrolyte institute common perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulphur as a result,
The strong oxidizers such as the strong acid such as acid, hydrofluoric acid and perchloric acid, chromic anhybride, hydrogen peroxide.Thus avoid above-mentioned toxic, harmful, Yi Hui
The use of the chemicals such as hair, effectively reduces environmental pollution and the health hazard to operating personnel.
Preferably, the volume ratio of the ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：1~10.
It is furthermore preferred that the volume ratio of the ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：4.The use of the volume ratio of ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：4
Optimum efficiency can be reached, by regulating and controlling the volume ratio of ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol, optimization polishing fluid viscosity and electrolyte ion dissolving
Degree is realized optimal in production.
Another preferred, the sodium chloride concentration is 0.05 ~ 0.1 mol/L.Make sodium chloride is as much as possible to be dissolved in second
Alcohol, to increase its ion concentration, improves polishing fluid conductive capability with ethylene glycol mixture, reduces solution polarization, improves polishing effect
Rate promotes electrolysis.
A kind of no strong acid is provided another object of the present invention is to avoid shortcoming in the prior art, without Strong oxdiative
The polishing method of the titanium alloy of agent, environmental protection.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of polishing method of environmentally friendly titanium alloy is provided, is in turn included the following steps：
(1）The electrolyte temperature is controlled at 0 ~ 5 DEG C, ice-water bath can be utilized to control the electrolyte temperature；Utilize water pump
Constantly update the electrolyte in electrolytic cell；
(2）The leaching of electrolyte flow direction is parallel to by pretreated titanium alloy and to electrode slice to be placed in the electrolyte, if
Set titanium alloy and to electrode slice spacing be 1 ~ 2 cm；The pretreatment refers to polishing by sand paper or after mechanical polishing
Titanium alloy waits for electrochemical polish workpiece；
(3）Using titanium alloy as anode, it is cathode to electrode slice, is polished under constant voltage mode or constant current mode；
(4）Titanium alloy after polishing is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, is dried.Bright titanium alloy surface is obtained, it can using ethyl alcohol flushing
So that the polished part is more rich in gloss.
Environmental protection titanium alloy electrochemical polishing technology provided by the invention is free of strong acid and strong oxidizer, and polishing process passes through electricity
Liquid cycle and stringent control electrolyte temperature are solved, while introducing the forced convertion field for being parallel to burnishing surface, effectively accelerates two electrodes
Between reactants and products mass transfer, to effectively prevent spot corrosion, bubble phenomena such as black, the titanium alloy surface light after polishing
Cunning is smooth.
Preferably, control electrolytic cell import/export volume flow is 1 ~ 3 L/min.
Preferably, described is stainless steel substrates to electrode slice.Using stainless steel substrates to increase the service life to electrode slice, reduction makes
Use cost.
Another preferred, described is graphite flake to electrode slice.
Preferably, its voltage of the constant voltage mode is 40 ~ 60 V；
Preferably, the constant current mode, current density are 0.05 ~ 0.1 A/cm2。
Preferably, polishing time is 10 ~ 60 minutes.
It is furthermore preferred that polishing time is 20 ~ 40 minutes.
Further, polishing time is 20 ~ 30 minutes.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
A kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte and polishing method of titanium alloy of the present invention, wherein the electrolyte by ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol,
Sodium chloride, ammonium fluoride, triethanolamine composition, each component and its content are：The volume ratio of ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：1 ~ 20, chlorine
Change na concn is 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L, and a concentration of 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L of ammonium fluoride, triethanolamine concentrations are 0.01 ~ 0.05
mol/L .The polishing electrolyte and polishing method of environmental protection titanium alloy provided by the invention have the characteristics that：
1. without containing strong acid and high chlorine such as conventional titanium alloy polishing electrolyte institute common perchloric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid
The strong oxidizers such as acid, chromic anhybride, hydrogen peroxide effectively reduce environmental pollution and the health hazard to operating personnel；
2., low operation cost cheap and easily-available using raw material；
3. by electrolyte cycle and stringent control electrolyte temperature, while introducing the forced convertion field for being parallel to burnishing surface, have
Effect accelerates two interelectrode reactants and products mass transfers, to effectively prevent spot corrosion, bubble, phenomena such as black.
Description of the drawings
Using attached drawing, the invention will be further described, but the embodiment in attached drawing does not constitute any limit to the present invention
System.
Fig. 1 is TC4 titanium alloys in the embodiment of the present invention successively surface after 320 mesh and the polishing of 1000 mesh abrasive paper for metallograph
Laser confocal microscope figure；
Fig. 2 is the titanium alloy surface laser confocal microscope figure that the embodiment of the present invention 2 obtains；
Fig. 3 is the titanium alloy surface laser confocal microscope figure that the embodiment of the present invention 3 obtains.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with the following Examples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy of the present invention and one of the embodiment of polishing method, include the following steps：
（1）Pretreatment：The TC4 titanium alloys that size is the mm × 2 of 20 mm × 10 mm are passed through into 320 mesh and 1000 mesh successively
After abrasive paper for metallograph polishing, deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol is used to rinse successively, then 5 min of ultrasonic cleaning in absolute ethyl alcohol,
It is spare after drying.Treated, and titanium alloy surface is as shown in Figure 1.
（2）Configure electrolyte.Electrolyte composition is as follows：
16 mL of ethyl alcohol
64 mL of ethylene glycol
0.46 g of sodium chloride
0.5 g of ammonium fluoride
1 mL of triethanolamine
（3）Assemble electrolytic cell：Electrolyte is poured into liquid storage tank, using ice-water bath control the temperature of electrolyte in liquid storage tank 0 ~
5℃.Water pump is put into liquid storage tank, the water inlet of the water outlet and electrolytic cell of water pump is connected using water pipe, by going out for electrolytic cell
The mouth of a river is connected to water pipe in liquid storage tank.Water pump circular electrolyte is opened, control electrolytic cell inlet and outlet flow velocity is 1 L/min.It will
Treated titanium alloy and stainless steel substrates are placed in electrochemical polish electrolyte, and two electrode runs parallels of control are in electrolyte flow side
To two electrode spacing of control, 1 cm.
（4）Electrochemical polish：Using titanium alloy piece as anode, stainless steel substrates are cathode, are powered on, at 40 V of constant voltage
Polish 40 min.
（5）Post-processing：Titanium alloy after polishing is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, drying to bright titanium alloy surface., after polishing
Titanium alloy surface it is smooth, have certain mirror reflection effect
Embodiment 2
A kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy of the present invention and one of the embodiment of polishing method, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2,
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment 2 are substantially the same manner as Example 1, the feature not laid down a definition in the present embodiment 2, using implementation
Explanation in example 1, is no longer repeated herein.The present embodiment and embodiment 1 difference lies in：
（1）Pretreatment：The TC4 titanium alloys that size is the mm × 2 of 20 mm × 10 mm are passed through into 20 mesh and 1000 mesh gold successively
After the polishing of phase sand paper, uses deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol to rinse successively, then 5 min of ultrasonic cleaning in absolute ethyl alcohol, dry
It is spare after dry.Treated, and titanium alloy surface is as shown in Figure 1.
（2）Configure electrolyte：Electrolyte composition is as follows：
16 mL of ethyl alcohol
64 mL of ethylene glycol
0.46 g of sodium chloride
0.3 g of ammonium fluoride
1 mL of triethanolamine
（3）Assemble electrolytic cell：Electrolyte is poured into liquid storage tank, using and water-bath control liquid storage tank in electrolyte temperature 0 ~
5℃.Water pump is put into liquid storage tank, the water inlet of the water outlet and electrolytic cell of water pump is connected using water pipe, by going out for electrolytic cell
The mouth of a river is connected to water pipe in liquid storage tank.Water pump circular electrolyte is opened, control electrolytic cell inlet and outlet flow velocity is 3 L/min.It will
Treated titanium alloy and stainless steel substrates are placed in electrochemical polish electrolyte, and two electrode runs parallels of control are in electrolyte flow side
To two electrode spacing of control, 2 cm.
（4）Electrochemical polish：Using titanium alloy piece as anode, stainless steel substrates are cathode, are powered on, at 60 V of constant voltage
Polish 40 min.
（5）Post-processing：Titanium alloy after polishing is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, drying to bright titanium alloy surface.
The titanium alloy surface that this example polishes is as shown in Fig. 2, surface roughness is declined by 1.6 μm before not polishing
To 1.2 μm.
Embodiment 3
A kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy of the present invention and one of the embodiment of polishing method, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3,
The main technical schemes of the present embodiment 3 are substantially the same manner as Example 2, the feature not laid down a definition in the present embodiment 3, using implementation
Explanation in example 2, is no longer repeated herein.The present embodiment the difference from example 2 is that：
（1）Pretreatment：The TC4 titanium alloys that size is the mm × 2 of 20 mm × 10 mm are passed through into 20 mesh and 1000 mesh gold successively
After the polishing of phase sand paper, uses deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol to rinse successively, then 5 min of ultrasonic cleaning in absolute ethyl alcohol, dry
It is spare after dry.Treated, and titanium alloy surface is as shown in Figure 1.
（2）Configure electrolyte：Electrolyte composition is as follows：
16 mL of ethyl alcohol
64 mL of ethylene glycol
0.2 g of sodium chloride
0.1 g of ammonium fluoride
0.5 mL of triethanolamine
（3）Assemble electrolytic cell：Electrolyte is poured into liquid storage tank, using and water-bath control liquid storage tank in electrolyte temperature 0 ~
5℃.Water pump is put into liquid storage tank, the water inlet of the water outlet and electrolytic cell of water pump is connected using water pipe, by going out for electrolytic cell
The mouth of a river is connected to water pipe in liquid storage tank.Water pump circular electrolyte is opened, control electrolytic cell inlet and outlet flow velocity is 3 L/min.It will
Treated titanium alloy and stainless steel substrates are placed in electrochemical polish electrolyte, and two electrode runs parallels of control are in electrolyte flow side
To two electrode spacing of control, 2 cm.
（4）Electrochemical polish：Using titanium alloy piece as anode, stainless steel substrates are cathode, are powered on, in 0.1 A/ of constant current
40 min are polished under cm2.
（5）Post-processing：Titanium alloy after polishing is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, drying to bright titanium alloy surface.
The titanium alloy surface that this example polishes is as shown in figure 3, surface roughness is declined by 1.6 μm before not polishing
To 0.8 μm.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than is protected to the present invention
The limitation of range, although being explained in detail to the present invention with reference to preferred embodiment, those skilled in the art should manage
Solution, technical scheme of the present invention can be modified or replaced equivalently, without departing from technical solution of the present invention essence and
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy, which is characterized in that the electrolyte is by ethyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, sodium chloride, fluorination
Ammonium, triethanolamine composition, each component and its content are：
The volume ratio of ethyl alcohol and ethylene glycol is 1：1 ~ 20,
Sodium chloride concentration is 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L,
A concentration of 0.01 ~ 0.1 mol/L of ammonium fluoride,
Triethanolamine concentrations are 0.01 ~ 0.05 mol/L.
2. a kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The ethyl alcohol and second two
The volume ratio of alcohol is 1：1~10.
3. a kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The ethyl alcohol and second two
The volume ratio of alcohol is 1：4.
4. a kind of environmental protection polishing electrolyte of titanium alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sodium chloride concentration
For 0.05 ~ 0.1 mol/L.
5. a kind of polishing method of electrolyte according to claim 1 ~ 4 any one, which is characterized in that include such as successively
Lower step：
The electrolyte temperature is controlled at 0 ~ 5 DEG C, the electrolyte in electrolytic cell is constantly updated using water pump；
It is parallel to the leaching of electrolyte flow direction by pretreated titanium alloy and to electrode slice to be placed in the electrolyte, titanium is set
Alloy and to electrode slice spacing be 1 ~ 2 cm；
Using titanium alloy as anode, it is cathode to electrode slice, is polished under constant voltage mode or constant current mode；
Titanium alloy after polishing is cleaned with ethyl alcohol, is dried.
6. a kind of polishing method of environmentally friendly titanium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Control electrolytic cell entry/exit
Mouth volume flow is 1 ~ 3 L/min.
7. a kind of polishing method of environmentally friendly titanium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Described is not to electrode slice
Become rusty steel disc.
8. a kind of polishing method of environmentally friendly titanium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The constant voltage mode its
Voltage is 40 ~ 60 V.
9. a kind of polishing method of environmentally friendly titanium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The constant current mode,
Its current density is 0.05 ~ 0.1 A/cm2。
10. a kind of polishing method of environmentally friendly titanium alloy according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Polishing time is 10 ~ 60
Minute.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN109972193A (en) * | 2019-04-21 | 2019-07-05 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of polishing fluid and method of Nitinol pipe electrobrightening |
| CN110886011A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-17 | 西安庄信新材料科技有限公司 | Titanium tube electrolytic polishing method |
| CN111014854A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-17 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Electrolyte for titanium alloy micro-electrochemical machining and preparation method thereof |
| CN111250806A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 珠海华瑞达电子科技有限公司 | Electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
| WO2020142862A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electrochemical corrosion method for observing nano second phase of zirconium alloy |
| CN112522774A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-19 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | Titanium tube flowing type electrolytic polishing special method |
| CN115026364A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-09 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Electrolyte and method for reducing pitting corrosion generation under titanium alloy electrolytic machining condition |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2020142862A1 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-07-16 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Electrochemical corrosion method for observing nano second phase of zirconium alloy |
| CN109972193A (en) * | 2019-04-21 | 2019-07-05 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of polishing fluid and method of Nitinol pipe electrobrightening |
| CN111014854A (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-04-17 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | Electrolyte for titanium alloy micro-electrochemical machining and preparation method thereof |
| CN110886011A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-03-17 | 西安庄信新材料科技有限公司 | Titanium tube electrolytic polishing method |
| CN111250806A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 珠海华瑞达电子科技有限公司 | Electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
| CN112522774A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-19 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | Titanium tube flowing type electrolytic polishing special method |
| CN115026364A (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2022-09-09 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Electrolyte and method for reducing pitting corrosion generation under titanium alloy electrolytic machining condition |
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Application publication date: 20181106 |