CN106245107A - A kind of surface polishing method of beryllium material - Google Patents
A kind of surface polishing method of beryllium material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106245107A CN106245107A CN201610790593.5A CN201610790593A CN106245107A CN 106245107 A CN106245107 A CN 106245107A CN 201610790593 A CN201610790593 A CN 201610790593A CN 106245107 A CN106245107 A CN 106245107A
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- beryllium material
- beryllium
- polishing method
- electrolyte
- surface polishing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/18—Polishing of light metals
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to metal material polishing technology field, specifically disclose the surface polishing method of a kind of beryllium material: be placed in be provided with in the electrolyzer of electrolyte by described beryllium material and carry out electrobrightening.Described electrolyte includes the composition of following percentage by weight: phosphoric acid 20 40%, glycerol 5 15%, gelatin 5 15%, glucinum ethyl 5 10%, dehydrated alcohol 10 20% and sulphuric acid 10 20%.The present invention uses the method for electrobrightening to be polished beryllium material surface, electrolyte dissolves the bossing of beryllium material surface in the energized state, reduce the difference in height of beryllium material surface, reduce the roughness of beryllium material surface, weaken its diffuse-reflectance to light, improve the efficiency of direct reflection, thus improve the glossiness of beryllium material surface；Do not change the size of beryllium material simultaneously, and do not affect the performances such as the mechanical property of beryllium material, elasticity.The method working (machining) efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, precision is high, and unit interval yield rate is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material polishing technology field, be specifically related to the surface polishing method of a kind of beryllium material, mainly
For for nuclear reactor welding beryllium material.
Background technology
Beryllium has mechanics and the physical property of uniqueness, therefore, at nuclear reactor, X-ray, Aero-Space and consumer device
Field has obtained more and more many application, and there is special requirement in a lot of field to beryllium surface smoothness.Currently mainly use machine
Tool polishing, mechanical ultrasonic vibrations polishing and the technology of grinding and polishing carry out any surface finish process to beryllium material, but these surfaces
All there is the shortcoming that working (machining) efficiency is low, yield rate is low, energy consumption is high, precision is low in treatment technology.After machining, beryllium surface exists
Certain stress, and surface roughness is poor, and uneven, traditional mechanical machined surface treatment method does not reaches smoothness requirements, and
Although mechanical ultrasonic vibrations can with destressing, but its inefficiency constrain the method be only suitable for laboratory use, it is impossible to work
Industry level produces.
Summary of the invention
For problems of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide the surface finish side of a kind of beryllium material
Method, has the advantages that working (machining) efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, precision is high.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
The surface polishing method of a kind of beryllium material, it is characterised in that described beryllium material is placed in the electricity being provided with electrolyte
Xie Chizhong carries out electrobrightening.
Preferably, described electrolyte is dissolved with glucinum ethyl.
Preferably, described electrolyte is also dissolved with glycerol.
Preferably, described electrolyte includes the composition of following percentage by weight: phosphoric acid 20-40%, glycerol 5-15%, bright
Glue 5-15%, glucinum ethyl 5-10%, dehydrated alcohol 10-20% and sulphuric acid 10-20%.
Electrobrightening, is to utilize anode produced electrochemical dissolution phenomenon in electrolyzer, makes the microcosmic on anode convex
Playing part occurs selective dissolution with the method forming smooth surface.
The electrolyte of beryllium surface electrolytic polishing method selects polishing effect to be taken into account, dispersibility, operating environment and gives up
The many factors such as liquid discharge, in each composition of electrolyte of the present invention:
Phosphoric acid is the ternary mineral acid of moderate strength, weak to the chemical corrosivity of major part metal, and easily generates with metal
Passivating film.And phosphoric acid viscosity is big, electrobrightening easily makes anode metal ion aggregation formation effect, to improving metal surface
Roughness has certain effect.Meanwhile, a small amount of solution remaining in metal surface can be changed into insoluble phosphate coating,
This layer of protecting film is also a part for oxide-film, it helps improve the glossiness of material surface.
Sulphuric acid is strong oxidizer, is also strong acid simultaneously, can completely ionize, therefore have the strongest electric conductivity.The dispersion of sulphuric acid
Property is good, can make whole material surface uniform polish.Under heating state, concentrated sulphuric acid can dissolve a lot of metal, contributes to forming oxygen
Change layer.Suitable use sulphuric acid, is favorably improved the leveling ability of material；But when concentrated sulphuric acid is too much, it may appear that pure chemistry etch
Effect, polishing effect can be exerted an adverse impact by this effect.
Dehydrated alcohol is primarily to accelerate the movement velocity of electrolyzer intermediate ion, thus improves the uniformity of electrolyte.
Glycerol and gelatin are primarily to improve the viscosity of electrolyte so that oxide-film is easily formed, and contribute to improving
The roughness of material surface, meanwhile, glycerol may also operate as the effect of inhibition.
Glucinum ethyl can promote that cell reaction is carried out to positive direction.
Preferably, described electrolyte follows the steps below preparation: be sequentially added in phosphoric acid glycerol, gelatin, two
Ethyl beryllium, dehydrated alcohol and sulphuric acid, mix homogeneously.
During beryllium material surface is carried out electrobrightening, make to obtain on whole beryllium material surface the gloss of uniformity
Effect is very important.The factor of decision polishing effect uniformity mainly has distribution and the H of electric current density+Concentration uniform
Property (dispersibility), owing to the shape of polished beryllium material is the most more complicated, concave-convex surface rise and fall so that on anode surface
Electric current distribution is the most uneven, but polishing effect is often closely related with electric current density.
As preferably, the negative electrode in described electrolyzer is annular.
As preferably, the negative electrode in described electrolyzer is molybdenum.
As preferably, the electric current density of described electrobrightening is 35-50A/dm3。
As preferably, in described electrobrightening, electrolyte temperature is 50-80 DEG C.
As preferably, the time of described electrobrightening is 4-8 minute.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
The present invention uses the method for electrobrightening to be polished beryllium material surface, and electrolyte discharges in the energized state,
Dissolve the bossing of beryllium material surface, reduce the difference in height of beryllium material surface, reduce the roughness of beryllium material surface, weaken it
Diffuse-reflectance to light, improves the efficiency of direct reflection, thus improves the glossiness of beryllium material surface；Do not change beryllium material simultaneously
Size, and do not affect the performances such as the mechanical property of beryllium material, elasticity.The method working (machining) efficiency is high, energy consumption is low, precision is high, single
Bit time yield rate is greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but those skilled in the art will
It will be appreciated that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it is not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The composition of electrolyte is: phosphoric acid, gelatin, dehydrated alcohol and sulphuric acid, wherein, and phosphoric acid, gelatin, dehydrated alcohol and sulphuric acid
Mass ratio be 2.3:1:1:1；Beryllium material is put in the electrolyzer that above-mentioned electrolyte is provided, electrolyzer middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach extremely beryllium, the moon
Extremely molybdenum, and negative electrode be annular.Electrolytic condition is electrolyte temperature 60 DEG C, and electric current density is 35-50A/dm3, polishing electrolysis 8 points
Clock.
In the electrolyte of the present embodiment, mainly there are Be, Mo, H+、SO4 2-、PO4 3-On particle, after energising, cation is to the moon
Ghandler motion moves, and obtains electronics at negative electrode, according to obtaining electronic capability order arrangement, H+Obtain being electronically generated H2, make H in solution+Quantity subtracts
Little；Anion face south Ghandler motion move, according to betatopic ability order arrangement, Mo loses and electronically forms Mo6+；Meanwhile, the H of negative electrode+React with the position of Be rat, reduce rough degree, generate H2And Be2+, H in solution+Quantity also with
Chemical reaction and the carrying out of electrochemical reaction and reduce, as the H in solution+When quantity is reduced to a certain degree, just can not reach
To the purpose of electrobrightening, now need add or replace electrolyte, proceed electrobrightening.
From the electrobrightening effect of the present embodiment, when electric current density is relatively low, when polishing time was less than 4 minutes, polishing
Surface there is also the microprotrusion of 1,/10 1/100 μm, exacerbates the diffuse-reflectance to light, and the glossiness causing beryllium surface is bad.When
Electric current density is 35-50A/dm3Time, acting on 8 minutes, the microprotrusion on beryllium surface is flattened the most completely, very smooth oxygen
Change the film surface peening direct reflection of light, improve the glossiness of beryllium material surface.
Embodiment 2
The composition of electrolyte is: phosphoric acid 30%, glycerol 15%, gelatin 10%, glucinum ethyl 5%, dehydrated alcohol 20%
With sulphuric acid 20%；Being put into by beryllium material work piece in the electrolyzer providing above-mentioned electrolyte, electrolyzer middle-jiao yang, function of the spleen and stomach extremely beryllium, negative electrode are
Molybdenum, and negative electrode be annular.Electrolytic condition is temperature 80 DEG C, and electric current density is 40-45A/dm3, polishing electrolysis 4-5 minute.
In the electrolyte of the present embodiment, mainly there are Be, Mo, H+、SO4 2-、PO4 3-On particle, after energising, cation is to the moon
Ghandler motion moves, and obtains electronics at negative electrode, according to obtaining electronic capability order arrangement, H+Obtain being electronically generated H2, make H in solution+Quantity subtracts
Little；Anion face south Ghandler motion move, according to betatopic ability order arrangement, Mo loses and electronically forms Mo6+；Meanwhile, the H of negative electrode+React with the position of Be rat, reduce rough degree, generate H2And Be2+.In the present embodiment electrolyte
Glycerol acts primarily as corrosion inhibition, to slow down the corrosion of polished beryllium material surface, it helps beryllium material work piece surface oxidation
The generation of film, meanwhile, glucinum ethyl is catalyst, can promote that reaction is carried out to positive direction, compared with Example 1, carry further
The high polishing effect on beryllium material work piece surface, the beryllium material work piece surfacing after the present embodiment electrobrightening, workpiece size
Do not change, and there is higher glossiness.
Beryllium material work piece after the surface finish of the present embodiment is welded with the beryllium material work piece before surface finish, its
Tensile strength after welding is: the tensile strength of the beryllium material work piece before surface finish is 465MPa, through the electricity of the present embodiment
The tensile strength solving the beryllium material work piece after polishing is 492MPa.It follows that through the electrolytic polishing method of the present invention to beryllium
After material work piece is polished, the concavo-convex degree on beryllium material work piece surface is uniform, and beryllium materials application is welded by this in nuclear reactor
Industry is significant.
Embodiment 3
Bath composition and the electrolytic condition of the present embodiment are same as in Example 2, the difference is that only in the present embodiment
Negative electrode be strip shaped electric poles, after the beryllium workpiece after being polished by the present embodiment is placed in ultrasonic vibration in ethanol, cleans and dry up, its table
Face presents electric current sigmoid striped, and compared with the workpiece after polishing with embodiment 2, concavo-convex degree is the most uneven.It is indicated above that this
Invention uses annular electrode, can the uniformity of effective motor current Density Distribution, and then beryllium material list after lifting electrobrightening
The smooth uniformity in face.
Although, in this specification, the present invention is described in detail the most with a general description of the specific embodiments,
But on the basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to claimed model
Enclose.
Claims (10)
1. the surface polishing method of a beryllium material, it is characterised in that described beryllium material is placed in the electrolysis being provided with electrolyte
Pond carries out electrobrightening.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be dissolved with two in described electrolyte
Ethyl beryllium.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be also dissolved with in described electrolyte
Glycerol.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electrolyte includes following heavy
The composition of amount percentage ratio: phosphoric acid 20-40%, glycerol 5-15%, gelatin 5-15%, glucinum ethyl 5-10%, dehydrated alcohol 10-
20% and sulphuric acid 10-20%.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described electrolyte is according to following step
Suddenly prepare: in phosphoric acid, be sequentially added into glycerol, gelatin, glucinum ethyl, dehydrated alcohol and sulphuric acid, mix homogeneously.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the negative electrode in described electrolyzer is
Annular.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the negative electrode in described electrolyzer is
Molybdenum.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the electric current of described electrobrightening is close
Degree is 35-50A/dm3。
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that electrolyte in described electrobrightening
Temperature is 50-80 DEG C.
The surface polishing method of beryllium material the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the time of described electrobrightening
For 4-8 minute.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610790593.5A CN106245107A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | A kind of surface polishing method of beryllium material |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106868578A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-20 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院 | A kind of beryllium material electrobrightening and the integral method of corrosion for EBSD tests |
| CN111020607A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-17 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司 | Surface treatment method of beryllium material for nuclear reactor and beryllium material for nuclear reactor |
| WO2021061867A1 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2021-04-01 | Cytomx Therapeutics, Inc. | Anti-cd47 antibodies, activatable anti-cd47 antibodies, and methods of use thereof |
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| US3560356A (en) * | 1966-06-10 | 1971-02-02 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Process of electrolytic pickling of copper-beryllium alloys |
| JPS63149399A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-22 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Pre-treatment of beryllium copper alloy |
| CN104233429A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-24 | 西安三威安防科技有限公司 | Beryllium-aluminum alloy anodizing method |
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| US3560356A (en) * | 1966-06-10 | 1971-02-02 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Process of electrolytic pickling of copper-beryllium alloys |
| JPS63149399A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-06-22 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | Pre-treatment of beryllium copper alloy |
| CN104233429A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-24 | 西安三威安防科技有限公司 | Beryllium-aluminum alloy anodizing method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106868578A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-20 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院 | A kind of beryllium material electrobrightening and the integral method of corrosion for EBSD tests |
| CN106868578B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2019-09-03 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司 | A kind of integral method of the beryllium material electrobrightening tested for EBSD and corrosion |
| WO2021061867A1 (en) | 2019-09-23 | 2021-04-01 | Cytomx Therapeutics, Inc. | Anti-cd47 antibodies, activatable anti-cd47 antibodies, and methods of use thereof |
| CN111020607A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-17 | 西北稀有金属材料研究院宁夏有限公司 | Surface treatment method of beryllium material for nuclear reactor and beryllium material for nuclear reactor |
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