CN111250806A - Electrolyte and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Electrolyte and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111250806A CN111250806A CN202010058222.4A CN202010058222A CN111250806A CN 111250806 A CN111250806 A CN 111250806A CN 202010058222 A CN202010058222 A CN 202010058222A CN 111250806 A CN111250806 A CN 111250806A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
- B23H3/08—Working media
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H3/00—Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and discloses an electrolyte which comprises sodium chloride, ethanol and glycol. The invention adopts ethanol and glycol as solvents to dissolve sodium chloride to prepare the non-water-based electrolyte, wherein the ethanol and the glycol can completely dissolve the sodium chloride and have higher conductivity. The prepared electrolyte has low viscosity, and can obtain high flow rate in jet flow electrolysis; meanwhile, the electrolyte has higher boiling point and good stability. The electrolyte can effectively avoid corrosion of the titanium alloy surface in the processing process and caused surface roughness, and the surface roughness Ra of the prepared titanium alloy material can be as low as 0.082 um. The electrolyte disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, low in raw material cost and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry, and particularly relates to an electrolyte and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The electrolytic machining is also called electrochemical machining, and is a technological method based on the principle of anode dissolution in the electrolytic process and by means of a preformed cathode, a workpiece is machined and formed according to a certain shape and size. During the machining process, direct current or pulse current with low voltage and high current density is applied between the electrodes, and electrolyte flowing at high speed is applied at the same time. The cathode workpiece is advanced at a speed to maintain a constant small gap between the electrodes. The anode workpiece is dissolved continuously according to the shape of the cathode workpiece by following Faraday's law until the shape and the size of the anode workpiece reach the requirements.
The technology is mainly applied to the processing of aviation turbine blades and gun barrel rifling in the past, and then gradually expands the processing fields of forging die cavities, deep holes, small holes, section blades, integral impellers, deburring and the like. With the increasing demand for rapid manufacturing and process flexibility of the electrolytic machining technology, the electrolytic jet machining technology is gradually developed based on the electrolytic machining mechanism and by combining the numerical control technology. The method not only inherits a plurality of advantages of electrolytic machining, but also has higher process flexibility and machining precision.
Titanium alloy is widely used for manufacturing key components in the industrial field due to its excellent performance, but as a typical difficult-to-machine material, the conventional machining technology of titanium alloy has many difficulties. The electrolytic jet machining is used as non-contact flexible machining, thermal influence does not exist in the machining process, the machining process is not influenced by the hardness of a workpiece, and the electrolytic jet machining becomes a potential technology for precision machining of titanium alloy. However, the electrolytic jet machining uses a water-based electrolyte, and water is used as a solvent, and has certain oxidizability, so that a side reaction of water electrolysis can occur to form oxygen. For conventional target materials, this side reaction does not result in a degraded anode interface. However, in the case of titanium alloys, since titanium element is extremely active, the titanium and titanium alloy surfaces are liable to react with oxidizing media, and extremely dense oxide layers are formed on the anode, resulting in uneven corrosion, formation of rough surface quality and deteriorated shape accuracy.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide an electrolyte solution that can effectively prevent surface roughening caused by corrosion of the titanium alloy surface during machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art described above. Therefore, the invention provides the electrolyte which can effectively avoid surface roughness caused by corrosion of the titanium alloy surface and improve the titanium alloy surface precision.
An electrolyte includes sodium chloride, ethanol, and ethylene glycol.
Preferably, the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1-8 parts of sodium chloride, 3-15 parts of ethanol and 80-95 parts of ethylene glycol.
Further preferably, the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of sodium chloride, 5-10 parts of ethanol and 85-92 parts of ethylene glycol.
Most preferably, the electrolyte comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ethanol and 85 parts of ethylene glycol.
A preparation method of the electrolyte comprises the following steps:
and weighing sodium chloride, ethylene glycol and ethanol, mixing and dissolving to obtain the electrolyte.
Specifically, the preparation method of the electrolyte comprises the following steps:
weighing ethylene glycol and ethanol according to the mass ratio, uniformly mixing, weighing sodium chloride, adding the sodium chloride, and stirring to completely dissolve the powder to obtain the electrolyte.
An electrolytic jet machining process of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) mounting a titanium alloy workpiece in an electrolysis device;
(2) injecting the electrolyte into an electrolytic cell, and pressurizing to enable the electrolyte to form high-speed flowing electrolyte, namely electrolyte jet flow;
(3) and (3) starting a power supply and a displacement device, and processing the titanium alloy by adopting the electrolyte jet flow in the step (2).
The pressure in the pressurizing process in the step (2) is 0.1-0.5 Mpa; preferably, the pressure in the pressurizing process in the step (2) is 0.2-0.3 MPa.
In the processing process of the step (3), the moving speed of the nozzle is 3-15mm/s, the processing current is 0.1-0.3A, and the processing gap is 0.3-1 mm.
The titanium alloy material is prepared by adopting the electrolyte to carry out electrolysis.
In the process of titanium alloy jet flow electrolytic machining, on one hand, an oxide layer is extremely easy to generate on the titanium alloy, and the formed oxide layer is extremely stable; on the other hand, the edge of the electrolyte jet flow is distributed with small current density, and under the action of the small current density, the surface of the titanium alloy and water molecules can generate oxidation reaction to form a stable oxide layer. The oxide layer is difficult to completely remove, and after the oxide layer is partially damaged, the corrosion speed is higher, and the precision is degraded after corrosion.
Therefore, it is important to eliminate water molecules to prevent the formation of an oxide layer in principle. However, the traditional electrolytic solution uses water as a solvent, and a large amount of water molecules are inevitably existed. The inventor finds that the non-water-based electrolyte is prepared by dissolving sodium chloride by using ethanol and glycol as solvents, wherein the ethanol and the glycol can completely dissolve the sodium chloride and have higher conductivity. The prepared electrolyte has low viscosity, and can obtain high flow rate in jet flow electrolysis; meanwhile, the electrolyte has higher boiling point and good stability.
The ethanol is added in the preparation of the electrolyte, on one hand, the glycol solvent can be stabilized, because the glycol has certain hygroscopicity, after being exposed in the air, the glycol can absorb water vapor in the air and carry the water vapor into the electrolyte, so that the titanium alloy is oxidized, the precision is deteriorated, and the hygroscopicity of the glycol can be reduced by adding the ethanol. On the other hand, the viscosity of the electrolyte can be reduced by adding ethanol, a high-speed flow field can be formed in an electrolytic machining gap, and the machining precision is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention adopts ethanol and glycol as solvents to dissolve sodium chloride to prepare the non-water-based electrolyte, wherein the ethanol and the glycol can completely dissolve the sodium chloride and have higher conductivity. The prepared electrolyte has low viscosity, and can obtain high flow rate in jet flow electrolysis; meanwhile, the electrolyte has higher boiling point and good stability. The electrolyte can effectively avoid corrosion of the titanium alloy surface in the processing process and caused surface roughness, and the surface roughness Ra of the prepared titanium alloy material can be as low as 0.082 um.
(2) The electrolyte disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, low in raw material cost and environment-friendly.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more apparent to those skilled in the art, the following examples are given for illustration. It should be noted that the following examples are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention.
Example 1
9200g of ethylene glycol and 500g of ethanol solvent are weighed and mixed evenly, 300g of sodium chloride is weighed and added into an electrolyte tank containing the mixed solvent, and the mixture is stirred until the powder is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte is prepared. The electrolyte is used for carrying out a precise jet flow electrolytic machining test of the titanium alloy, and the test device comprises an XYZ axis displacement platform, an electrolytic machining power supply, a machining tank and a current acquisition system. In the processing process, firstly, a stainless steel nozzle with the inner diameter of 1.11mm and a titanium alloy sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm are arranged on a cathode and an anode to be used as a tool and a workpiece, electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is injected into the workpiece through the nozzle by applying the pressure of 0.5Mpa into the electrolytic tank through an air compressor to form electrolyte jet. And after the electrolyte jet flow is stable, starting a processing power supply and a displacement device to precisely process the surface structure of the titanium alloy. The parameters adopted by the processing are as follows: the nozzle moving speed is 10mm/s, the machining current is 0.15A, the machining gap is 0.5mm, the nozzle moving tracks are overlapped for 200 times, a titanium alloy surface structure with a mirror surface and a length of 10mm, a width of 1.8mm and a depth of 0.06mm can be machined within the machining time of 200s, the machined surface is extremely smooth, and the average roughness reaches Ra (0.084 um).
Example 2
8500g of ethylene glycol and 1000g of ethanol solvent are weighed and mixed uniformly, 500g of sodium chloride is weighed and added into an electrolyte tank containing the mixed solvent, and the mixture is stirred until the powder is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte is prepared. The electrolyte is used for carrying out a precise jet flow electrolytic machining test of the titanium alloy, and the test device comprises an XYZ axis displacement platform, an electrolytic machining power supply, a machining tank and a current acquisition system. In the processing process, firstly, a stainless steel nozzle with the inner diameter of 1.11mm and a titanium alloy sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm are arranged on a cathode and an anode to be used as a tool and a workpiece, electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is injected into the workpiece through the nozzle by applying the pressure of 0.3Mpa into the electrolytic tank through an air compressor to form electrolyte jet. And after the electrolyte jet flow is stable, starting a processing power supply and a displacement device to precisely process the surface structure of the titanium alloy. The parameters adopted by the processing are as follows: the nozzle moving speed is 10mm/s, the machining current is 0.15A, the machining gap is 0.5mm, the nozzle moving tracks are overlapped for 200 times, a titanium alloy surface structure with a mirror surface and a length of 10mm, a width of 1.8mm and a depth of 0.06mm can be machined within the machining time of 200s, the machined surface is extremely smooth, and the average roughness reaches Ra 0.082 um.
Example 3
Weighing 9500g of ethylene glycol and 1500g of ethanol solvent, uniformly mixing, weighing 800g of sodium chloride, adding into an electrolyte tank containing the mixed solvent, and stirring until the powder is completely dissolved to obtain the electrolyte. The electrolyte is used for carrying out a precise jet flow electrolytic machining test of the titanium alloy, and the test device comprises an XYZ axis displacement platform, an electrolytic machining power supply, a machining tank and a current acquisition system. In the processing process, firstly, a stainless steel nozzle with the inner diameter of 1.11mm and a titanium alloy sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm are arranged on a cathode and an anode to be used as a tool and a workpiece, electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is injected into the workpiece through the nozzle by applying the pressure of 0.2Mpa into the electrolytic tank through an air compressor to form electrolyte jet. And after the electrolyte jet flow is stable, starting a processing power supply and a displacement device to precisely process the surface structure of the titanium alloy. The parameters adopted by the processing are as follows: the nozzle moving speed is 10mm/s, the machining current is 0.15A, the machining gap is 0.5mm, the nozzle moving tracks are overlapped for 200 times, a titanium alloy surface structure with a mirror surface and a length of 10mm, a width of 1.8mm and a depth of 0.06mm can be machined within the machining time of 200s, the machined surface is extremely smooth, and the average roughness reaches Ra (0.086 um).
Example 4
Weighing 8000g of ethylene glycol and 300g of ethanol solvent, uniformly mixing, weighing 100g of sodium chloride, adding into an electrolyte tank containing the mixed solvent, and stirring until the powder is completely dissolved to obtain the electrolyte. The electrolyte is used for carrying out a precise jet flow electrolytic machining test of the titanium alloy, and the test device comprises an XYZ axis displacement platform, an electrolytic machining power supply, a machining tank and a current acquisition system. In the processing process, firstly, a stainless steel nozzle with the inner diameter of 1.11mm and a titanium alloy sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm are arranged on a cathode and an anode to be used as a tool and a workpiece, electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is injected into the workpiece through the nozzle by applying the pressure of 0.3Mpa into the electrolytic tank through an air compressor to form electrolyte jet. And after the electrolyte jet flow is stable, starting a processing power supply and a displacement device to precisely process the surface structure of the titanium alloy. The parameters adopted by the processing are as follows: the nozzle moving speed is 10mm/s, the machining current is 0.15A, the machining gap is 0.5mm, the nozzle moving tracks are overlapped for 200 times, a titanium alloy surface structure with a mirror surface and a length of 10mm, a width of 1.8mm and a depth of 0.06mm can be machined within the machining time of 200s, the machined surface is extremely smooth, and the average roughness reaches Ra (0.087 um).
Example 5
8500g of ethylene glycol and 1000g of ethanol solvent are weighed and mixed uniformly, 500g of sodium chloride is weighed and added into an electrolyte tank containing the mixed solvent, and the mixture is stirred until the powder is completely dissolved, so that the electrolyte is prepared. The electrolyte is used for carrying out a precise jet flow electrolytic machining test of the titanium alloy, and the test device comprises an XYZ axis displacement platform, an electrolytic machining power supply, a machining tank and a current acquisition system. In the processing process, firstly, a stainless steel nozzle with the inner diameter of 1.11mm and a titanium alloy sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm are arranged on a cathode and an anode to be used as a tool and a workpiece, electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is injected into the workpiece through the nozzle by applying the pressure of 0.3Mpa into the electrolytic tank through an air compressor to form electrolyte jet. And after the electrolyte jet flow is stable, starting a processing power supply and a displacement device to precisely process the surface structure of the titanium alloy. The parameters adopted by the processing are as follows: the nozzle moving speed is 15mm/s, the machining current is 0.2A, the machining gap is 0.8mm, the nozzle moving tracks are overlapped for 200 times, and in the machining time of 200s, a titanium alloy surface structure with a mirror surface, the length of which is 10mm, the width of which is 1.8mm and the depth of which is 0.06mm can be machined, the machined surface is extremely smooth, and the average roughness reaches Ra 0.083 um.
Comparative example 1
200g of sodium chloride and 800g of water are weighed, mixed and completely dissolved to prepare the electrolyte. The electrolyte is used for carrying out a precise jet flow electrolytic machining test of the titanium alloy, and the test device comprises an XYZ axis displacement platform, an electrolytic machining power supply, a machining tank and a current acquisition system. In the processing process, firstly, a stainless steel nozzle with the inner diameter of 1.11mm and a titanium alloy sheet with the thickness of 1.5mm are arranged on a cathode and an anode to be used as a tool and a workpiece, electrolyte is injected into an electrolytic tank, and the electrolyte is injected into the workpiece through the nozzle by applying the pressure of 0.3Mpa into the electrolytic tank through an air compressor to form electrolyte jet. And after the electrolyte jet flow is stable, starting a processing power supply and a displacement device to precisely process the surface structure of the titanium alloy. The parameters adopted by the processing are as follows: the nozzle moving speed is 10mm/s, the processing current is 0.15A, the processing gap is 0.5mm, the nozzle moving tracks are overlapped for 200 times, the titanium alloy material with the length of 10mm, the width of 1.8mm and the depth of 0.06mm can be processed within the processing time of 200s, and the surface average roughness Ra is 12.4 um.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 2 in that 8500g of ethylene glycol and 1000g of ethanol solvent in example 2 are replaced by 9500g of water, and the formulation and processing are the same as in example 2. The surface average roughness Ra of the obtained titanium alloy material was 2.4 um.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 2 in that 1000g of ethanol in example 2 was replaced by ethylene glycol and the remaining formulation and processing was the same as in example 2. The surface average roughness Ra of the obtained titanium alloy material was 0.1 um.
Claims (8)
1. An electrolyte, comprising sodium chloride, ethanol, and ethylene glycol.
2. The electrolyte according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 1-8 parts of sodium chloride, 3-15 parts of ethanol and 80-95 parts of ethylene glycol.
3. The electrolyte according to claim 2, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of sodium chloride, 5-10 parts of ethanol and 85-92 parts of ethylene glycol.
4. The electrolyte according to claim 3, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of sodium chloride, 10 parts of ethanol and 85 parts of ethylene glycol.
5. The preparation method of the electrolyte is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and weighing sodium chloride, ethylene glycol and ethanol, mixing and dissolving to obtain the electrolyte.
6. The electrolytic jet machining process of the titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) mounting a titanium alloy workpiece in an electrolysis device;
(2) injecting the electrolyte solution of any one of claims 1 to 4 into an electrolytic cell, and pressurizing to form the electrolyte solution into an electrolyte solution jet;
(3) and (3) starting a power supply and a displacement device, and processing the titanium alloy by adopting the electrolyte jet flow in the step (2).
7. The electrolytic jet machining process according to claim 6, wherein the moving speed of the nozzle during the machining in the step (3) is 3 to 15mm/s, the machining current is 0.1 to 0.3A, and the machining gap is 0.3 to 1 mm.
8. The use of the electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the preparation of a titanium alloy material.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN202010058222.4A CN111250806A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | Electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202010058222.4A CN111250806A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | Electrolyte and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111250806A true CN111250806A (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2591763A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-11 | Texture Jet Ltd | An electrolyte solution |
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| CN107460534A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-12 | 宝鸡市同业精密科技有限责任公司 | The electrochemical polish liquid and polishing method of a kind of titanium or titanium alloy |
| CN108754596A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of the environmental protection polishing electrolyte and polishing method of titanium alloy |
| CN109972193A (en) * | 2019-04-21 | 2019-07-05 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of polishing fluid and method of Nitinol pipe electrobrightening |
| CN110560806A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for finely electrolyzing and processing titanium and aluminum by sodium chloride and ethylene glycol electrolyte |
-
2020
- 2020-01-19 CN CN202010058222.4A patent/CN111250806A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107460534A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2017-12-12 | 宝鸡市同业精密科技有限责任公司 | The electrochemical polish liquid and polishing method of a kind of titanium or titanium alloy |
| CN108754596A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-06 | 湖南科技大学 | A kind of the environmental protection polishing electrolyte and polishing method of titanium alloy |
| CN109972193A (en) * | 2019-04-21 | 2019-07-05 | 山东理工大学 | A kind of polishing fluid and method of Nitinol pipe electrobrightening |
| CN110560806A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-12-13 | 南京航空航天大学 | Method for finely electrolyzing and processing titanium and aluminum by sodium chloride and ethylene glycol electrolyte |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| DONGHYUN KIM等: "Effect of added ethanol in ethylene glycol-NaCl electrolyte on titanium electropolishing", 《CORROSION SCIENCE》 * |
| PEI HUANG等: "Electropolishing of titanium alloy under hydrodynamic mode", 《SCI CHINA CHEM》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2591763A (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-11 | Texture Jet Ltd | An electrolyte solution |
| WO2021156600A1 (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2021-08-12 | Texture Jet Ltd | An electrolyte solution |
| GB2591763B (en) * | 2020-02-05 | 2022-05-04 | Texture Jet Ltd | An electrolyte solution |
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