CN108743937B - 疫苗组合物和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及包含至少一种疫苗抗原以及活的免疫细胞的药物疫苗组合物。这些免疫细胞包括至少一部分活化的T细胞并且作为佐剂。也包括使用这些药物组合物预防或治疗疾病,如癌症、传染病和自身免疫病的方法。
Description
本申请是国际申请号PCT/US2009/042673,国际申请日2009年5月4日,中国申请号200980125498.1,发明名称为“疫苗组合物和方法”的专利申请的分案申请。
相关申请的参考
本申请基于并且要求2008年5月5日提交的美国临时专利申请序号61/050,294和2009年5月2日提交的美国临时专利申请序号61/049,990的权利,将它们的内容完整并入本文作为参考。
发明领域
本发明涉及疫苗领域,更具体地,涉及佐剂化的疫苗组合物。
发明背景
利用免疫系统的力量来治疗慢性传染病或者癌症是免疫疗法的主要目标。疫苗接种(aka,主动免疫疗法)被设计成激活免疫系统以特异识别和防御入侵病原体。在过去200年里,主动免疫疗法已经用于预防多种传染病,如天花、狂犬病、伤寒、霍乱、瘟疫、麻疹、水痘、腮腺炎、脊髓灰质炎、乙型肝炎和破伤风和白喉毒素。
主动免疫疗法概念现在被用于开发治疗性癌症疫苗,目的是治疗现有的肿瘤或者预防肿瘤复发,以及被用于治疗和预防慢性病毒感染。然而,现有的主动免疫疗法技术在防御许多现代疫苗靶标如HIV/AIDS、乙型肝炎和癌症中还没有成功。这部分是由于当前的疫苗接种技术不能引起正确类型的免疫应答。
针对感染或其他抗原性攻击所产生的免疫应答类型一般可以通过参与该应答的T辅助(Th)细胞亚类来区分。可将免疫应答粗略地分为两类:Th1和Th2。Th1免疫活化最适宜细胞内感染,如病毒,并且涉及自然杀伤(NK)细胞和可以裂解受感染细胞的溶细胞性T细胞(CTL)的活化,而Th2免疫应答最适宜体液(抗体)应答。Th1免疫活化最佳地希望用于癌症治疗,Th2免疫应答更多地针对特异抗体的分泌并且对于肿瘤治疗的重要性相对较低。现有技术疫苗组合物擅长于引起Th2或者体液免疫应答,其对于癌症和多数病毒疾病是无效的。
使用佐剂是影响对疫苗组合物中的抗原的免疫应答的一种策略。铝盐和鲨烯的水包油乳液(MF59)是人类疫苗中最广泛使用的佐剂。这些佐剂显著促进针对抗原的Th2体液(抗体)应答并且有效升高血清抗体效价,但是不引起显著的Th1应答或者CTL。然而,针对慢性感染(例如,人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)、结核病、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)和癌细胞的疫苗需要产生Th1细胞免疫应答以发挥预防和治疗效果。
已经证明现有技术中的一些实验性主动免疫疗法技术和方案在所选的患者中成功引起针对肿瘤抗原的Th1应答,导致循环系统中CTL免疫细胞的频率增加,所述细胞能够特异杀死肿瘤或病原体感染的细胞。然而,尽管能够引起Th1应答,但是肿瘤逃避机制可以打败该免疫应答,导致最终肿瘤的发展。病毒也已经发展了许多对策来避免免疫攻击和保持移动免疫系统的靶标。
附图简述
图1a是施用所述组合物后小鼠的存活图。
图1b是施用所述组合物后小鼠的存活图。
图2a是施用所指出的组合物后小鼠的存活图。
图2b是施用所指出的组合物后小鼠的存活图。
发明概述
一方面,本发明包括药物组合物。该组合物包含佐剂和一种或多种抗原,其中佐剂包含活的免疫细胞,其中至少一部分是活化的T细胞。对宿主施用该组合物产生了Th1应答。
另一方面,本发明包括包含活的免疫细胞的佐剂组合物,其中至少一部分免疫细胞是活化的T细胞。对宿主施用该佐剂组合物引起了Th1免疫应答。
再一方面,本发明包括制备药物组合物的方法。该方法包括制备包含活的免疫细胞的佐剂,其中免疫细胞包含至少一部分T细胞,并且将一种或多种抗原与佐剂组合,其中该药物组合物当施用于宿主时在宿主中刺激免疫应答。
另一方面,本发明包括减少宿主中与疾病相关或引起疾病的抗原的方法。该方法包括施用包含佐剂和一种或多种抗原的药物组合物。该佐剂包括活的免疫细胞,其中免疫细胞包含至少一部分T细胞,并且其中该药物组合物当施用于宿主时在宿主中刺激免疫应答。
在再一方面,本发明包括治疗患者疾病的方法。该方法包括施用包含佐剂和一种或多种抗原的药物组合物。该佐剂包括活的免疫细胞,其中免疫细胞包含至少一部分T细胞,并且其中该药物组合物当施用于患者时在宿主中刺激免疫应答。
优选实施方案详述
本发明提供了药物疫苗组合物和主动免疫疗法的方法,其能够在患者中引起针对疾病的预防性和治疗性Th1免疫,同时也提供克服疾病病原体和肿瘤的免疫逃避机制的手段。本发明的药物组合物一般包括:(1)一种或多种抗原来源;和(2)活的活化的免疫细胞,其中至少一部分是T细胞。
在本发明中,描述了用于患者的一种新的疫苗佐剂。该佐剂可以与一种或多种疫苗抗原混合在一起形成药物组合物。在一些实施方案中,佐剂可以单独用作免疫刺激剂。该新的佐剂包含活的免疫细胞,其中至少一部分是T细胞。T细胞优选为Th1表型(产生IFN-γ并且不产生IL-4的CD4+T细胞)的记忆T细胞(CD45RO+,CD62LLo)。该记忆Th1细胞在配制和引入患者时活化。优选的活化方法是通过在T细胞上交联CD3和CD28表面分子。其他活化方法也在本发明范围内。活化的记忆T细胞优选当被活化时表达CD40L,并且产生大量的炎性细胞因子(如IFN-γ,GM-CSF和TNF-α)。这些活化的Th1记忆细胞优选对患者是异源的(allogeneic)。
药物疫苗组合物一般含有与佐剂混合的至少一种抗原。根据现有技术,公知的实践是通过佐剂增强存在于疫苗中的抗原诱导的免疫应答。本文引用的佐剂是可以增加抗原的内在免疫原性的化合物。术语“佐剂)也通常用作“免疫刺激剂”的同义词。
用于新的疫苗靶标如癌症和传染病的佐剂不仅是增加对疫苗抗原的免疫原性所需的,而且也通常是针对疫苗抗原的现有的免疫应答从Th2偏向Th1所需的。此外,疫苗的功效通常需要放大该偏离的免疫应答。本发明的疫苗佐剂组合物提供了这些免疫调节和免疫加强性质。
已知一些佐剂促进针对抗原的Th1免疫,包括皂苷、BCG、脂质体和微粒、多聚I:C、抗-CD40mAb、共刺激分子、IC31、TLR9配体、KLH、CpG、α-半乳糖神经酰胺、TLR4激动剂、霍乱毒素、细胞因子、趋化因子、免疫刺激复合体(ISCOMs)、LPS、分子激动剂(例如,NAIP、CIITA、HET-E、TP-1-富含亮氨酸的重复单位途径受体)、TNF受体超家族(TNFRSF)激动剂、alarmins和免疫抑制细胞因子和Tregs的阻断剂。这些佐剂各自具有在免疫调节或免疫刺激必需或者失去免疫逃避能力必需的免疫学事件级联的一个水平上起作用的能力。然而,这些佐剂都没有具有所有这些效应必需的性质。
本发明涉及如下发现:活化的免疫细胞,优选通过交联CD3和CD28抗原活化的产生炎性细胞因子并表达CD40L的异源Th1记忆细胞可以引起作为有效免疫调节剂和免疫刺激剂必要的免疫级联中的所有组分。此外,这些活化的免疫细胞能够干扰抑制性调节机理以便克服病理生物和癌症逃避免疫攻击的能力。这使得这些细胞是理想的佐剂。
一种或多种疫苗抗原与活化的T细胞的药物组合物可以用于预防目的或治疗目的或者两者。通过所有常规使用的或推荐用于疫苗的途径施用该组合物,所述途径包括肠胃外、皮内、肌内、皮下或粘膜途径。在一些实施方案中,也可以结节内或者肿瘤内施用该组合物。
药物组合物的抗原组分包括一种或多种抗原。如果在药物组合物中包括一种以上的抗原,那么抗原可以来自相同抗原来源或不同的抗原来源。任何抗原来源可用于制剂中,例如,这些抗原可以来自活细胞或生物,来源材料可以是冻融裂解物、放射失活的(或者其他失活方法)、用作完整细胞或生物或其裂解物。在一些优选实施方案中,肿瘤细胞或肿瘤细胞裂解物可以作为抗原的细胞来源材料。细胞来源材料可以来自自体或者异源细胞来源或者来自细胞系。抗原也可以来自编码抗原的裸DNA或RNA。该细胞核材料可以单独使用或者引入病毒载体中。抗原来源的另一实例是模拟抗原的抗特应抗体或其部分,或者模拟抗原结构的其他方法。抗原脉冲的或者转染的树突细胞(DC)也可以是药物组合物中的抗原来源。DC可以用肽或完整蛋白质、重组蛋白质、或者编码抗原的mRNA或DNA脉冲,或者DC可以与含有抗原的细胞融合,或者DC可以用含有抗原的病毒载体,如逆转录病毒、慢病毒、腺病毒转染,或者这些抗原来源组分可以在没有DC的情况下单独使用。
一种或多种肿瘤相关抗原(TAA)也可以用于药物组合物中,TAA的实例包括:MART-1、gp100、酪氨酸酶、Melan A、TRP-1、肿瘤特异性突变基因产物,如CDK-4、β-联蛋白、MUM-1、癌基因如p53,和ras(K-和H-ras)、癌睾丸抗原,如MAGE、GAGE和NY-ESO1、过表达的自身抗原如MUC1、细胞周期蛋白B1、Her2-neu、CEA、WT、p53、SART-1、PRAME、p15,和病毒抗原如HPVE7、EBV来源的抗原和端粒酶。
在优选实施方案中,抗原组分可以包括分离自死亡的感染组织或肿瘤的一种或多种伴侣蛋白(也称作热休克蛋白)。热休克蛋白(HSP)属于针对细菌、真菌和寄生病原体的免疫应答的主要靶标。已经表明肿瘤来源的热休克蛋白(hsp)-肽复合体(尤其是hsp70和grp94/gp96)用作有效疫苗,在动物和人中产生抗肿瘤免疫应答。该方法利用应激蛋白的肽结合性质,所述应激蛋白负责它们作为许多细胞过程中的分子蛋白伴侣的功能。
胞外环境中的某些蛋白伴侣也能够调节先天性和适应性免疫,这是由于它们能够陪伴多肽并与宿主的免疫系统,尤其专职抗原呈递细胞相互作用。用来自肿瘤的HSP疫苗接种可以引起抗肿瘤应答,并且下调免疫抑制机制。HSP的免疫原性可以来自它们结合的抗原肽。
分离伴侣蛋白以用作抗原来源的优选方法描述在Katsantis的美国专利号6,875,849中。其他方法由Srivastava在美国专利号6,797,480;6,187,312;6,162,436;6,139,841;6,136,315;和5,837,251中描述。HSP也可以用抗原,包括肽、完整细胞或细胞裂解物脉冲。
在一个实施方案中,肿瘤来源的富含蛋白伴侣的细胞裂解物(CRCL)用作抗原来源并且通过使用如下面实施例描述的自由溶液等电聚焦(FS-IEF)技术从肿瘤裂解物富集主要伴侣蛋白得到。该技术与常规技术相比是快速和有效的方法,得到至多5到20倍的更多抗原物质并且用时更少。从临床观点看,在从潜在有限的肿瘤来源得到高产量,和从肿瘤收获到患者的治疗具有快速的周转时间方面,多蛋白伴侣复合体富集的FS-IEF方法是所希望的。
在使用CRCL相关肽作为肿瘤抗原来源方面有许多优点。首先,它们不需要鉴定肿瘤特异性肽。其次,它们在免疫后引起多克隆T淋巴细胞应答,防止免疫逃避变体的产生。第三,它们由I类MHC相关肽和II类MHC或者辅助表位组成,I类MHC相关肽和II类MHC或者辅助表位一起诱导更有效的和更持久的免疫应答。在许多动物模型,包括鼠12B1白血病和A20B细胞白血病/淋巴瘤中,已经证明了CRCL疫苗明确的抗肿瘤效果。
此外,常规用于疫苗的抗原也可以用于本发明的组合物中,包括完整微生物或微生物的部分,如也可以使用活的减毒的完整微生物、失活的微生物、重组肽和蛋白质、糖蛋白、糖脂、脂肽、合成肽或者破裂的微生物、多糖,它们单独使用或者缀合到载体元件,如载体蛋白。
通常,能够用于治疗或预防疾病的任何抗原或者抗原的组合可以用于药物组合物。来自感染性病原体的抗原也可以作为抗原来源并且可以在本文中称作引起疾病的抗原。可以由其获得抗原的疾病的实例是:白喉、破伤风、脊髓灰质炎、狂犬病、百日咳、甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎、EBV、CMV、1和2型疱疹、黄热病、伤寒、水痘、痘症(天花)、麻疹、腮腺炎、德国麻疹、日本脑炎、脑膜炎、流行性感冒、肺炎球菌感染、轮状病毒感染、AIDS(HIV1和2)、癌症、HTLV1和2、梅毒、HPV、结核病、莱姆病、RSV感染、锥虫病、登革热、疟疾、炭疽、埃波拉病毒、土拉菌病、耶尔森菌、西尼罗病毒、由衣原体(Chlamydia)、淋病奈瑟氏球菌(Neisseria gonorrheae)、肺炎链球菌(Streptococcus pneumoniae)、粘膜炎莫拉氏菌(Moraxella catarrhalis)、金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)或B型流感嗜血菌(Haemophilus influenza)引起的细菌疾病、疟疾、利什曼病、利斯特菌病等。
用于本发明的药物组合物的活化的Th1记忆细胞优选来自正常供者血液。加工和产生适用于本发明的优选方法由Har-Noy在美国专利号7,435,592和7,402,431和待决的美国专利号20050191291中描述,将它们完整并入本文作为参考。
本发明的药物组合物可以是意在针对单一病原体或癌症免疫的组合物,即,它包含来自单一病原体或癌症的一种或多种抗原。备选地,它可以是意在针对几种不同病原体或癌症免疫的组合物,在本文中称作疫苗组合。
本发明还包括制备药物组合物的方法。该方法包括制备包括T细胞,优选本文所述的活化的T细胞的佐剂。一种或多种抗原可以与佐剂组合形成药物组合物。如果在组合物中包括一种以上的抗原,那么抗原可以来自相同抗原来源或者不同的抗原来源。药物组合物的施用可以在宿主中刺激免疫应答,优选Th1应答。
当活化的T细胞与药物组合物的抗原在施用前组合时,即当它直接存在于药物组合物中时,可以得到活化的T细胞的佐剂作用。备选地,佐剂和抗原可以分开以相继步骤施用。例如,可以使用上述任一种技术首先将佐剂施用于宿主。施用佐剂后,可以对宿主施用抗原。优选地,在施用于宿主前,将佐剂和抗原组合以形成一种药物组合物。
将本发明的药物组合物设计成产生针对组合物中抗原的适应性Th1免疫。当将本发明的药物组合物施用于患有疾病(with existing disease)的患者时,可以希望刺激有效的先天性免疫应答以便控制疾病,直到适应性免疫应答变得足够强大而具有治疗效果。为了实现该目的,单独的佐剂免疫细胞可以在施用疫苗组合物的同时或者在施用疫苗组合物后任何时间静脉内施用。
如果针对组合物中的疫苗抗原的免疫应答不足够强烈,那么可以施用额外的加强注射。优选地,加强注射可以相隔至少3-7天,更优选相隔7-14天进行。如果需要,可以每月或每年施用额外的加强注射。
为了维持能够使得肿瘤和疾病生物逃避免疫破坏的能力丧失的炎性环境,可以施用单独的或者与抗原配制的活化Th1记忆细胞的额外加强注射。已经事先用含有异源Th1记忆细胞的组合物疫苗接种的患者可以产生抗异源抗原免疫。随后注射异源细胞可以活化抗异源抗原细胞库,所述活化的抗异源抗原细胞库可以释放使免疫逃避机制丧失能力所必需的炎性细胞因子。
实施例
实施例1
小鼠
雌性BALB/c(H2d)小鼠从国家癌症研究所(Bethesda,MD)获得并且在7周龄时使用。
制备Th-1细胞(CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞)
收集来自Balb/c小鼠的脾细胞并用氯化铵-钾(ACK)缓冲液处理用于裂解红细胞。每个脾脏分离约7千万-1亿个细胞。然后在MS杜(Miltenyi Biotec,德国)上用CD4免疫磁性颗粒通过阳性选择(纯度>98%)纯化CD4+T-细胞,以50-60%的产率分离约800万-1200万CD4细胞。通过用抗CD3和抗CD28包被的顺磁珠(CD3/CD28T-细胞扩增珠,Dynal/Invitrogen)以3∶1的最初珠子∶CD4细胞比例的扩增来产生Th1记忆细胞。将纯化的CD4细胞与20IU/mL重组小鼠(rm)IL-2,20ng/mL rmIL-7,和10ng/mL rmIL-12(Peprotech,NewJersey)和10μg/mL抗鼠IL-4mAb(Becton Dickenson)在含有10%FBS、青霉素-链霉素-谷氨酰胺、非必需氨基酸(NEAA)(Biological Industries(生物工业),以色列)和3.3mM N-乙酰基-半胱氨酸(NAC;Sigma(西格玛))的RPMI 1640培养基(完全培养基)中温育。从第3到第6天每天向CD4培养物加入具有rmIL-2和rmIL-7的含有细胞因子的另外的完全培养基以保持细胞浓度为0.5x 106到1x 106个细胞/mL之间。从第3天到第6天每天加入额外的CD3/CD28珠。计算所加的珠子数目以随着细胞扩增保持1∶1的珠子∶细胞比例。培养6天后,CD4细胞扩增约80到100倍,并且通过物理破坏和经过磁铁收获并脱珠。用于实验的收获细胞的表型为>95%CD4+,CD45RBlo,CD62Llo,CD44hi并且因此称作“记忆细胞”。
CD3/CD28交联
收获后并且注射前,将脱珠的Th1记忆细胞以2x 106个细胞/ml的密度培养在cRPMI中37℃下5%CO2中与CD3/CD28mAb缀合的微粒(T细胞扩增物,Dynal/Invitrogen)以2∶1的珠子∶细胞比例培养4-6小时。4小时后,细胞产生IFN-γ并且上调了细胞表面上CD40L和FasL的表达。用于这些实验的交联的Th1记忆细胞在细胞表面表达FasL和CD40L并且产生大于2000ng/ml/106细胞/6h IFN-γ和小于20pg/ml IL-4/106细胞/6h。
12B1细胞系
通过用人bcr-abl(b3a2)融合基因逆转录病毒转化BALB/c骨髓细胞得到鼠白血病细胞系12B1。这些细胞表达p210bcr-abl蛋白。将细胞培养在37℃和5%CO2,补充了10%热灭活的胎牛血清(Gemini Bio-products,Woodland,CA)的RPMI培养基(Gibco/BRL,Gaithersburg,MD)中。常规地测试细胞并且发现没有枝原体(Mycoplasma)污染。
产生12B1肿瘤
为了注射,将12B1细胞首先在PBS(Gibco/BRL)中洗涤三次,然后计数并调节到5x104个细胞/mL的浓度。雌性BALB/c小鼠在右侧腹股沟中皮下注射0.1mL(5x 103个细胞)并监测肿瘤发展。
制备12B1肿瘤裂解物
对来自12B1细胞培养物的肿瘤细胞沉淀在液氮/37℃水浴中进行6个冻融循环。用锥虫蓝排阻验证细胞裂解。用BCA测定法测定蛋白质浓度。蛋白质在无菌PBS中稀释到25μg/100μl用于免疫小鼠。
制备12B1富含蛋白伴侣的细胞裂解物(CRCL)
来自带有12B1的小鼠的肿瘤在玻璃-特氟龙匀浆器中的10mM Tris-Cl(pH 7.4)/10mM NaCl,0.1%去污剂(相等份额的Triton X-100,Triton X-114和Igepal CA-600,Sigma,St.Louis,Mo.)(包括2μg/ml抑酶醛肽,0.1mg/ml Perfabloc,0.5mM苯基甲基磺酸酯和一个完全蛋白酶抑制剂混合物片(都来自Roche Molecular Biochemicals,Indianapolis,Ind.)中,以1g肿瘤/5ml缓冲液的比例匀浆。匀浆物以10,000g,在4℃下离心30分钟,并取样品,称作“裂解物”。“裂解物”(上清液)随后在100,000g,4℃下离心60分钟。将“高速”上清液透析到顺序降低浓度的匀浆缓冲液中,以水结束透析。用比色双金鸡宁酸测定法(BCA Reagent,Pierce Endogen,Rockford,Ill.)测定蛋白质浓度并将自由溶液-等电聚焦(FS-IEF)起始材料以25mg等分试样冷冻。用下面的修改进行FS-IEF:我们用Rotolytes(Bio Rad Laboratories,Hercules,Calif.)代替两性电解质并使用3.9-5.6,4.5-6.1和5.1-6.8的pH范围(对于每个pH范围的每种A和B试剂5ml,共30ml);我们已经降低了去污剂浓度到Triton X-100,Triton X-114和Igepal CA-600各为0.1%;我们每60ml总体积的等电聚焦(isofocusing)混合物装载仅仅25mg起始材料而不是50mg/60ml。尿素浓度(6M)保持相同,并且等电聚焦条件也保持相同(15W恒定功率),但是IEF的长度延长到5小时。进行级分的SDS-PAGE和蛋白质印迹分析并合并含有所有四种主要免疫原性蛋白伴侣(GRP94/gp96,HSP90,HSP70和钙网蛋白)的级分并针对0.1X PBS,pH7.4中的2M尿素透析,接着透析到0.1X PBS中。用牛血清白蛋白作为标准,用BCA测定法测定蛋白质浓度,并将蛋白质在无菌PBS中稀释到25μg/100μl用于免疫小鼠。
肝脏CRCL的制备
用上述步骤从首次用于实验的Balb/c小鼠肝脏制备肝脏CRCL。在无菌PBS中稀释蛋白质到25μg/100μl用于免疫小鼠。
制备TuLy CRCL(12B1肿瘤裂解物/肝脏CRCL)
将12B1肿瘤裂解物和肝脏CRCL以1∶1μg比例混合并将混合物在4℃过夜温育。在无菌PBS中稀释蛋白质到50μg/100μl用于免疫小鼠。
小鼠的预防性疫苗接种
使用80只Balb/c小鼠(每组8只,10组)。在肿瘤细胞接种前第-14天和第-7天在足垫(footpad)中皮内(i.d.)疫苗接种小鼠。所述组如下:
●对照:PBS 100μl i.d.
●12B1裂解物:每只小鼠25μg/100μl i.d.
●肝脏CRCL:每只小鼠25μg/100μl i.d.
●12B1 CRCL:每只小鼠25μg/100μl i.d.
●TuLy CRCL(12B1肿瘤裂解物/肝脏CRCL):每只小鼠50μg/100μl i.d.
●活化的Th-1细胞:每只小鼠100μl PBS中1x105个细胞i.d.
●活化的Th-1细胞+12B1裂解物:每只小鼠100μl PBS中1x105个细胞+25μg裂解物i.d.
●活化的Th-1细胞+肝脏CRCL:每只小鼠100μl PBS中1x105个细胞+25μg肝脏CRCLi.d.
●活化的Th-1细胞+12B1 CRCL:每只小鼠100μl PBS中1x105个细胞+25μg 12B1CRCL i.d.
●活化的Th-1细胞+TuLy CRCL-每只小鼠100μl PBS中1x105个细胞+50μg TuLyCRCL i.d.
肿瘤细胞的接种和肿瘤体积的监测
在第0天以5000个12B1细胞/小鼠在右腹股沟上皮下接种来自所有10组的小鼠。每2天测量肿瘤体积。当肿瘤体积达到4000mm3时对小鼠进行安乐死。
结果
对照组中肿瘤在第12天时变得可触知。来自多种疗法的结果在图1a和图1b中显示。
6周后,对照、CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞、12B1 CRCL、肝脏CRCL、12B1-裂解物/肝脏CRCL和CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞+12B1-裂解物/肝脏CRCL组中所有小鼠死亡。在组合CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞+12B1 CRCL组(最好组)中50%的小鼠没有肿瘤,CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞+12B1裂解物组中为25%,12B1裂解物组中为12.5%,CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞+肝脏CRCL组中为12.5%。
从而在结合CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞和肿瘤来源的CRCL中存在明显的益处。
实施例2
在该实施例中,肿瘤来源的CRCL用作肿瘤特异性抗原的来源并且与作为佐剂的活化的CD4+Th-1细胞组合以治疗确定的白血病。方法如实施例1中所述。动物(每组8只小鼠)接受所指出的治疗。
预防性设置:
首次用于实验的Balb/c小鼠通过在第-14天和第-7天用PBS(对照),或12B1-来源的CRCL(12B1 CRCL,25μg/小鼠),或CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞,或通过12B1 CRCL加CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞在足垫(皮内)注射进行处理。在第0天,小鼠用12B1白血病细胞接种(5,000个细胞/小鼠,在左腹股沟皮下注射)。在图2A中显示了存活百分比。
治疗设置:
为了确定CRCL加CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞组合的治疗功效,建立12B1肿瘤(在第0天在左腹股沟中接种500012B1细胞/小鼠)。小鼠在第3、7和14天用PBS,12B1 CRCL,CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞单独或用CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞加上CRCL进行处理。在图2B中描述了小鼠的存活百分比。
结果表明在两个设置下,CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞加上CRCL的组合与CRCL或CD3/CD28交联的Th1细胞单一疗法相比显著提高了小鼠存活。
尽管已经参考优选实施方案描述了本发明,但是本领域技术人员将认识到可以在形式和细节上进行改变而不背离本发明的精神和范围。
Claims (37)
1.包含佐剂和一种或多种抗原的皮下或皮内药物组合物,其中所述佐剂包含活的免疫细胞,其中至少一部分是异源的活化的T细胞,并且对宿主施用所述组合物产生针对所述组合物中所述抗原的Th-1应答,其中所述一种或多种抗原包括12B1富含蛋白伴侣的细胞裂解物(CRCL),其中所述T细胞是Th-1表型的记忆T细胞,其中所述T细胞通过在T细胞上交联CD3和CD28表面分子被活化。
2.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述活化的T细胞表达CD40L。
3.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述T细胞对宿主是异源的。
4.权利要求1的组合物,其中至少两种抗原与所述佐剂组合。
5.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述一种或多种抗原来自选自完整细胞、生物、完整细胞或生物的裂解物、裸DNA或RNA、细胞核材料、肽或蛋白质、抗体、抗原脉冲的或转染的树突细胞的抗原来源。
6.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述一种或多种抗原包括一种或多种肿瘤相关抗原。
7.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述一种或多种抗原的来源是恶性肿瘤。
8.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述一种或多种抗原的来源来自病原体。
9.制备皮内或皮下药物组合物的方法,包括:
制备包含活的免疫细胞的佐剂,其中免疫细胞包含至少一部分T细胞;和
组合一种或多种抗原与所述佐剂,其中所述一种或多种抗原包括12B1富含蛋白伴侣的细胞裂解物(CRCL),其中该药物组合物当皮内或皮下施用于宿主时在宿主中刺激针对所述抗原的免疫应答,其中所述T细胞是Th-1表型的记忆T细胞,其中所述T细胞通过在T细胞上交联CD3和CD28表面分子被活化。
10.权利要求9的方法,其中所述佐剂和所述一种或多种抗原在施用于宿主前组合。
11.权利要求9的方法,其中所产生的免疫应答是Th1应答。
12.权利要求9的方法,其中所述T细胞是活化的T细胞。
13.权利要求9的方法,其中所述活化的T细胞表达CD40L。
14.权利要求9的方法,其中所述T细胞对宿主是异源的。
15.权利要求9的方法,其中至少两种抗原与佐剂组合。
16.权利要求9的方法,其中所述一种或多种抗原选自一种或多种抗原来源。
17.权利要求9的方法,其中所述抗原来源选自完整细胞、生物、完整细胞或生物的裂解物、裸DNA或RNA、细胞核材料、抗体、抗原脉冲的或转染的树突细胞。
18.权利要求9的方法,其中所述一种或多种抗原是肿瘤相关抗原。
19.权利要求9的方法,其中所述一种或多种抗原来自恶性肿瘤。
20.权利要求9的方法,其中所述一种或多种抗原来自致病物质。
21.佐剂和一种或多种抗原在制备减少宿主中与疾病相关或引起疾病的抗原的皮下或皮内药物组合物中的用途,所述药物组合物包含所述佐剂,该佐剂包含活的免疫细胞,其中免疫细胞包含至少一部分T细胞,并且其中该药物组合物当皮下或皮内施用于宿主时在宿主中刺激针对所述抗原的免疫应答,其中所述一种或多种抗原包括12B1富含蛋白伴侣的细胞裂解物(CRCL),其中所述T细胞是Th-1表型的记忆T细胞,其中所述T细胞通过在T细胞上交联CD3和CD28表面分子被活化。
22.权利要求21的用途,其中所述活化的T细胞表达CD40L。
23.权利要求21的用途,其中所述T细胞对宿主是异源的。
24.权利要求21的用途,其中所述药物组合物包括至少两种抗原。
25.权利要求21的用途,其中所述一种或多种抗原是肿瘤相关抗原。
26.权利要求21的用途,其中所述一种或多种抗原来自恶性肿瘤。
27.权利要求21的用途,其中所述一种或多种抗原来自致病抗原。
28.权利要求21的用途,其还包括施用加强组合物。
29.权利要求28的用途,其中所述加强组合物包含活的免疫细胞,其中至少一部分是活化的T细胞。
30.权利要求28的用途,其中所述加强组合物包含活的免疫细胞和一种或多种抗原,其中至少一部分免疫细胞是活化的T细胞。
31.权利要求21的用途,其中所述佐剂和所述一种或多种抗原在施用于宿主前组合。
32.权利要求21的用途,其中所述佐剂和所述一种或多种抗原相继施用于宿主。
33.佐剂和一种或多种抗原在制备用于治疗患者中疾病的皮内或皮下药物组合物中的用途,其中该佐剂包含活的免疫细胞,所述免疫细胞包含至少一部分T细胞,并且其中所述药物组合物当施用于宿主时用于在宿主中刺激针对所述一种或多种抗原的免疫应答,其中所述一种或多种抗原包括12B1富含蛋白伴侣的细胞裂解物(CRCL),其中所述T细胞是Th-1表型的记忆T细胞,其中所述T细胞通过在T细胞上交联CD3和CD28表面分子被活化。
34.权利要求33的用途,其中所述疾病是癌症。
35.权利要求33的用途,其中所述疾病由传染性病原体引起。
36.权利要求1的组合物,其中所述佐剂和一种或多种抗原分开包装和在相同位点相继施用。
37.权利要求33的用途,其中所述佐剂和一种或多种抗原相继施用于宿主。
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