CN108732306B - Karst carbon sink process measuring device and method - Google Patents
Karst carbon sink process measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
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- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
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Abstract
The invention provides a karst carbon sink process measuring device which comprises a control pool, at least one carbon sink measuring device, a plurality of karst ecological systems and non-karst ecological systems which are constructed in the control pool, wherein the control pool comprises a soil layer and a permeable layer from top to bottom, the soil layer comprises soil and rock, and the bottom of the control pool is loaded with steel bars. The invention also provides a method for measuring karst carbon sink by using the karst carbon sink process measuring device, which comprises the steps of simulating artificial rainfall, measuring carbon content in a karst ecological system, comparing the measured carbon content with a non-karst ecological system and the like. The karst carbon sink process measuring device provided by the invention comprises 5 different mediums, and the device can be used for explaining the migration process of carbon elements among different mediums, so that a better application prospect is provided for revealing the carbon circulation rule.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a carbon sink process measuring device and method, in particular to a karst carbon sink process measuring device and method, and especially relates to a karst carbon sink process measuring device and method under different stony desertification degrees.
Background
Currently globalOne of the most important challenges faced by carbon recycling is global CO 2 The balance is unbalanced, and a large 'missing sink' exists. The IPCC fifth evaluation report indicated a value of up to 2.5Pg C/a. Most scholars believe that this part of the carbon sink is mainly present in karst carbon sinks. The karst area of China reaches 344 ten thousand km 2 Wherein the exposed area of the carbonate rock is 90.7 km 2 Therefore, research on the carbon sink process and effect of karst areas is important.
The carbon element in the karst area is circulated in the rock ring, the water ring, the atmosphere ring and the biosphere continuously. CO 2 Enters the karst area, and enters the carbon circulation of the karst area through precipitation dissolution, photosynthesis absorption, soil absorption and other actions. Thus, the premise of researching carbon sink in karst regions is to reveal the interconversion process of carbon in different media. Because the existence of the unique binary three-dimensional structure of the karst region is difficult to reveal the carbon circulation rule in the karst ecological system, an effective method is needed for simulation to clarify the dynamic change process of carbon elements in the karst region.
At present, a large number of carbon sequestration methods are studied in karst areas, and mainly comprise an erosion experiment method, a water chemistry method and a model method. The method effectively calculates the amount of the carbon sink to a certain extent, but the method is greatly influenced by the condition factors, so that the migration change of the hydrologic condition to the carbon element cannot be determined; the water chemistry method can control carbon eroded in a certain watershed, but the method does not consider carbon sink quantity generated by the erosion of exogenous water, and only considers a karst area as an independent system; the model method can obtain karst carbon sink quantity in a larger scale based on an empirical equation, but the influence of the surface of rock cracks is not considered, so that the calculation accuracy is deviated. In summary, these methods fail to simultaneously take into account five factors of rock, water, soil, atmosphere and organisms, and in particular, the average thickness of the soil and the extent of development of rock cracks, no relevant measuring devices and specific measuring methods are found. Therefore, development of a device capable of measuring different stony desertification degrees, reflecting the development condition of karst cracks or the thickness of soil, and reflecting the conversion process of carbon elements in rock, water, soil, atmosphere and biological interfaces is needed, which has important significance and value for the system to reveal the carbon sink process of the karst ecological system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a karst carbon sink process measuring device which is used for simulating different stony desertification degrees and karst crack development conditions of a karst region and better presenting the whole process of karst carbon sink, and a method for capturing the carbon trace of a karst ecological system by using the device.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a karst carbon sink process measuring device is constructed, and the karst carbon sink measuring device is used for measuring the karst carbon sink.
The construction steps of the karst carbon sink process measurement device comprise the steps of constructing a control pool and a carbon sink measurement device, and constructing a karst ecological system and a non-karst ecological system by using the control pool and the carbon sink measurement device, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) Construction control pool and carbon sink measuring device
The control pond top-down includes soil horizon and permeable bed, and wherein soil horizon includes soil and rock piece, control pond bottom of the pool is with the reinforcing bar bearing.
According to the regulations of the relevant sample size of the biological diversity investigation country, the sample size of the herbal community investigation is generally 100cm multiplied by 100cm, which not only can reduce the workload and save the cost, but also can represent a complete ecological system. The length and width of the control tank are set to 80-120cm. The soil thickness of the control pool is set to be 80-120cm, so that the root system distribution of herbaceous plants monitored by experiments can be met, and the growth of the root system is ensured not to be stressed.
In order to ensure a smooth water infiltration channel, the bottom of the control tank is provided with a permeable layer with the thickness of 10-30cm, and the permeable layer is filled with a Yuhua stone, wherein the diameter of the Yuhua stone is preferably 3-8cm, as shown in figures 1 and 4. The steel bars at the bottom of the pool are arranged in a cross grid shape at equal intervals, the diameter of the steel bars is 0.5 cm to 2cm, and the jacket is sleevedPVC pipe, adjacent reinforcing bar interval is 1-3cm to simulate the hole (crack) crack under the karst area soil layer, be used for excreting infiltration down. In addition, soil CO is also arranged in the soil layer of the control tank 2 The collecting device can be arranged at different depths of the soil layer so as to conveniently detect CO of the soil with different depths 2 Concentration. Preferably, the soil CO is installed at the depths of 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm and 70cm of the soil profile 2 The specific schematic diagram of the collecting device and the installation position of the collecting device in the soil are shown in figures 2 and 3.
(2) Construction of karst ecosystem
According to the assessment factors of the stony desertification degree in the 'stony desertification monitoring technical regulation of karst area' issued by the national forestry bureau, a karst ecological system and at least one non-karst ecological system with different stony desertification degrees are constructed in the soil layer of the control pool, and four karst ecological systems of potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification and serious stony desertification are mainly constructed because the stony desertification land in China is mainly light and moderate stony desertification land, and the area of the severe stony desertification land is less. To reveal the karst ecosystem carbon sink process, 1 non-karst ecosystem was constructed as a control.
The rock desertification degree is judged according to four indexes of matrix rock exposure, vegetation type, vegetation comprehensive coverage and soil layer average thickness in the rock desertification monitoring technical regulation of karst area issued by the national forestry bureau, and rock-soil contact area indexes are newly added. The specific index control is as follows:
vegetation type: herbs or crops are selected.
Comprehensive coverage of vegetation: the predetermined coverage of the test is achieved by controlling the area of the spread seeds.
Bedrock exposure: representing the vertical projected area of rock per unit area.
Rock-soil contact area: the development degree of the rock cracks is determined by the rock-soil contact area index, and the larger the rock-soil contact area is, the more sufficient the rock cracks develop.
Wherein the rock block is preferably carbonate rock, and the specification is divided into two types, wherein the first rock block has a length and width of 8-10cm and a height of 10-14cm, and the second rock block has a length and width of 8-10cm and a height of 5-7cm. The method can ensure that the rock blocks are in uniform contact with the soil, and is convenient to operate and use. The rock sample was rinsed with ultra pure water and air dried before filling. The rock blocks are filled 2-3cm from the control pool boundary.
The different layers of soil layers are filled with different rock masses, wherein preferably the second rock mass fills a first soil layer and a second soil layer of the karst ecosystem, the first rock mass fills a third soil layer and a fourth soil layer of the karst ecosystem, and the fifth soil layer is free of rock masses.
Preferably, the first soil layer constructing the karst ecosystem of potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification and severe stony desertification includes 20-40 second rock blocks, the second soil layer includes 50-130 second rock blocks, the third soil layer includes 60-130 first rock blocks, and the fourth soil layer includes 180-320 first rock blocks.
Average soil layer thickness: the average soil layer thickness is determined by controlling the fill volume in the tank.
Wherein the soil is lime soil formed by weathering carbonate rock. And (3) filling the soil according to the natural vertical distribution characteristics of the soil in the karst region, and sieving the soil before filling the soil to remove plant residues and rock particles in the soil. And respectively stripping the soil with the thickness of 0-5cm,5-25cm,25-45cm,45-95cm and 95-100cm in a natural state, wherein the stripping soil amount is that the volume of one layer of the control pond is subtracted by the volume of the filling stone and the volume of the carbon sink measuring device, then sub-packaging the soil with different layers, and filling the soil in the control pond in a reverse order.
Preferably, the specific index design of the 4 stony desertification degrees is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 stony desertification degree index design
In addition, the invention also relates to a method for measuring carbon sink by using the karst carbon sink process measuring device, which comprises the following steps:
step one, artificial rainfall simulation is carried out;
step two, detecting the CO in the soil and the atmosphere of the control pool 2 Concentration;
step three, detecting HCO in soil water and infiltration water of the control pool 3 － Concentration;
detecting the content of vegetation organic carbon in the control pool;
step five, detecting the carbon sink quantity of the rock blocks in the control pool;
and step six, detecting the source and evolution of carbon in the lower water seepage.
Wherein, the first step adopts a needle-type simulated rainfall device produced by water and soil conservation research institute of water conservancy department of China academy of sciences to carry out artificial simulated rainfall, the rainfall intensity regulation and control range is 12-200mm/h, and the rainfall effective range is 100cm multiplied by 100cm. And designing rainfall intensity and rainfall time according to a more common rain type developed by a test.
Step two using GasAcertmicro 5IR CO 2 Measuring by detector of soil CO 2 CO at different soil layer depths and near-surface collected by collecting device 2 Concentration.
Step three, collecting soil water at different soil layer depths by using SM series soil solution samplers (SM series is the model of the soil solution samplers), and testing water samples and HCO in lower water seepage by using an alkalinity test box 3 － Concentration.
And fourthly, respectively and fully harvesting the vegetation planted in each control pool, measuring the fresh weight of each part (branch, leaf and root system) of the vegetation, putting the vegetation in an oven for drying, and summing the weight of each part to obtain dry weight, namely biomass of the vegetation in each control pool, which represents the total amount of organic matters accumulated by the vegetation before harvesting, and dividing the total amount by 1.724 to obtain the organic carbon content of the vegetation. 1.724 the empirical constant for converting organic matter to organic carbon.
And fifthly, recording the weight of the rock block before filling the rock block into a control pond, and weighing again after the test is finished, so that the rock carbon collection amount can be obtained, and meanwhile, the karst erosion rates of different depths can be revealed.
And step six, isotope tracking is used, and carbon isotopes can be applied to the source and evolution of carbon in the tracked water due to the large difference of different carbon libraries. According to CO from different sources 2 Delta produced by dissolution 13 C DIC The difference of the values can be used for knowing that the karst effect absorbs CO 2 Is a source of the different species. The bottom permeate from the control tank was sampled and tested for carbon isotope values of its dissolved organic carbon (DIC). Delta-based 13 The isotopic composition change of the hypotonic inorganic carbon is represented by the following equation by the C mass balance method:
wherein: delta 13 C DIC Is a measured value; mC (mC) i Is the inorganic carbon content of a certain source; delta 13 C i For the corresponding end member delta 13 C value. The contribution ratio of dissolved inorganic carbon from each of the soil and carbonate rock can be calculated from the above formula.
The device can monitor the process of the whole karst carbon sink, can simulate the karst carbon sink process under different rainfall fields, illustrate the influence of different rainfall types on the karst carbon sink, and can also adopt an isotope tracing method to reveal the source and the contribution quantity of the inorganic carbon sink.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a control tank of the present invention, including a soil layer and a permeable layer. In a specific example, the control tank is set to 100cm (length) ×100cm (width) ×120cm (height), wherein the soil layer is 100cm thick and the water permeable layer is 20cm thick.
FIG. 2 is a graph of soil CO 2 The collection device is schematically structured, wherein A is a horizontal part which is inserted horizontally into the soil layer, and B is a vertical part which can be led out onto the soil layer.
FIG. 3 is a graph of soil CO 2 Schematic representation of the installation position of the collecting device in the soil layer. As a specific example, circles in the figure represent five buried soils CO 2 The horizontal parts of the collecting devices are respectively buried at the top of the distance control pool5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm.
FIG. 4 shows the treatment of a soil CO 2 A perspective view of the control tank of the present invention with the collection device buried in the soil layer.
FIG. 5 is a graph of CO at different soil levels under 60mm rainfall using a control pool and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the invention 2 Concentration plot.
FIG. 6 is a graph of CO at different soil levels under 90mm rainfall using a control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the invention 2 Concentration plot.
FIG. 7 is a graph of CO at different soil levels under 120mm rainfall using a control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the invention 2 Concentration plot.
FIG. 8 is a graph of soil water content at different soil levels under 60mm rainfall conditions using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph of soil water content at different soil levels under 90mm rainfall conditions using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph of soil water content at different soil levels under 120mm rainfall conditions using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of soil water HCO at different soil levels under 60mm rainfall using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem of an embodiment of the present invention 3 - Concentration plot.
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of soil water HCO at different soil levels under 90mm rainfall using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the invention 3 - Concentration plot.
FIG. 13 shows soil water HCO at different soil levels under 120mm rainfall using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the invention 3 - Concentration plot.
FIG. 14 shows infiltration of HCO under different rainfall conditions using the control reservoir and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention 3 - Concentration plot.
FIG. 15 is a graph of rock erosion levels for different soil layers under 60mm rainfall conditions using the control pool and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a graph of rock erosion levels for different soil layers under 90mm rainfall conditions using the control pool and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a graph of rock erosion levels for different soil layers under 120mm rainfall conditions using the control pool and karst ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention.
Effects of the invention
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the device aspect is as follows: the device can measure CO 2 The migration process in 5 different mediums of atmosphere, rock, soil, water and organism represents the development condition of rock cracks by the contact area of rock and soil, so that the carbon circulation rule of a karst area can be better revealed. The device can accurately determine carbon sink data of karst areas under different rainfall conditions, and the data can be used in a plurality of fields requiring carbon sink data such as a calculation process of missing sink.
(2) The method comprises the following steps: the device adopts an artificial rainfall method, rainfall intensity and rainfall time factors are convenient to control, and meanwhile, the application of the isotope method can reveal the source of inorganic carbon sink, explain the migration process of carbon elements among different interfaces, and has good application prospect in revealing the carbon circulation rule. Compared with the natural environment, the carbon sink data under different rainfall intensities, rainfall times and different landform features can be obtained easily through simulation. The data acquisition time is short and the cost is low. The method solves the defect that five factors of rock, water, soil, atmosphere and biology cannot be comprehensively considered in carbon sink research in the prior art.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
(1) Construction of a control pool
The length and width of the control tank are set to be 100cm. The soil layer thickness of the control pool is set to be 100cm, and the bottom of the control pool is provided with a plurality of soil layersThe permeable layer has a thickness of 20cm and is filled with a Yuhua stone, wherein the Yuhua stone has a diameter of 3-8cm, as shown in FIG. 1. The steel bars at the bottom of the pool are arranged in a cross grid shape at equal intervals, the diameter of the steel bars is 1cm, the PVC pipe is sleeved outside, the distance between adjacent steel bars is 2cm, so as to simulate the hole (crack) under the soil layer in the karst area, and the hole (crack) is used for draining water seepage under the karst area, as shown in figure 1. Installing soil CO at the depth of 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm and 70cm of the soil section 2 The collecting device is shown in figures 3 and 4.
(2) Construction of karst ecosystem
The control pools were used to construct potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification, and severe stony desertification karst ecosystems, and 1 non-karst ecosystem was constructed as a control.
Wherein the rock block is carbonate rock, and the specification is divided into two types: the length, width and height of the first rock block are all 10cm; the second rock mass had a length and width of 10cm and a height of 5cm. The filling numbers of the rock blocks in different layers of the control pool are shown in Table 2 in detail. The rock blocks are filled 2-3cm from the boundary of the control pool, and the level of the severely stony desertification soil is 45-95cm, and 5 layers of rock blocks are filled in each layer, and each layer is 64 blocks.
TABLE 2 control pool rock mass packing count
In addition, the soil is lime soil formed by weathering carbonate rock. And (3) filling the soil according to the natural vertical distribution characteristics of the soil in the karst region, and sieving the soil before filling the soil to remove plant residues and rock particles in the soil. The soil layer of the control pond is divided into 5 layers of 0-5cm,5-25cm,25-45cm,45-95cm and 95-100cm from top to bottom, namely a first soil layer, a second soil layer, a third soil layer, a fourth soil layer and a fifth soil layer, wherein the soil of 0-5cm,5-25cm,25-45cm,45-95cm and 95-100cm in a natural state is respectively stripped, the stripped soil amount is the volume of a certain layer of the control pond minus the volume of a filling stone and the volume of a carbon sink measuring device, then the soil of different layers is subpackaged, and the soil is filled in the first soil layer to the fifth soil layer of the control pond in a reverse sequence.
Example (carbon sink determination method)
The control pool and the karst ecological system constructed according to the structure and the method are adopted, the rainfall simulation conditions are carried out according to the following method, and carbon sink data under different rainfall conditions are measured, so that the change of the carbon sink data under different stony desertification landform environments is reflected.
(i) Rainfall condition design
Firstly, the design of rainfall type is carried out, and the needle type simulated rainfall device produced by the water and soil conservation institute of the national academy of sciences is adopted to carry out artificial simulated rainfall, wherein the rainfall intensity regulation and control range is 12-200mm/h, and the rainfall effective range is 100cm multiplied by 100cm. The design of rainfall intensity and rainfall time is carried out according to the more common rain type developed in the test. Rainfall according to the historical average and maximum daily rainfall during the rainy season in which natural rainfall in the research area is concentrated, three groups of precipitation with different gradients are arranged: 60mm,90mm and 120mm respectively represent three different rainfall types of heavy rain, heavy rain and heavy rain, the simulated rainfall intensity is 60mm/h, and the rainfall duration is 1h, 1.5h and 2h respectively.
(ii) CO under different soil depth conditions 2 Concentration measurement and analysis
Using the control pools constructed as shown in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4 and the karst ecosystem constructed as described in Table 2 above, gasActart micro 5IR CO was used under conditions simulating the different rainfall conditions described above 2 Measuring by detector of soil CO 2 CO at different soil layer depths collected by a collecting device 2 The concentrations and resulting data are graphically depicted in FIGS. 5-7.
As can be seen from fig. 5-7:
(1) CO at different soil levels under different stony desertification degrees 2 The concentration is changed in a bidirectional gradient and is expressed as 5cm<15cm<50cm<30cm<70cm. Non-stony desertification is manifested as a single gradient change, 5cm<15cm<30cm<70cm<50cm。
(2) CO at the same depth 2 The concentration and the stony desertification degree are in positive correlation: with the increase of stony desertification degree, CO 2 The concentration increases.
(3) CO at different soil depths with increasing rainfall 2 The concentration increases.
(iii) Soil water content and HCO 3 － Concentration measurement and analysis
Soil water at different soil layer depths is collected by using SM series soil solution samplers (SM series is the model of the soil solution samplers), and HCO in water samples is tested by using an alkalinity test box 3 － Concentration. The data obtained are graphically depicted in fig. 8-13.
As can be seen from fig. 8-13:
(1) The water content of the soil tends to increase and then decrease with the increase of the soil depth, the total amount increases with the increase of the rainfall and decreases with the increase of the stony desertification degree.
(2) HCO in soil water 3 － The concentration increases with increasing stony desertification, but with increasing rainfall, there is a trend of increasing before decreasing, mainly due to the dilution effect of rainfall.
(iv) Lower water seepage HCO under different rainfall conditions 3 － Concentration measurement and analysis
Soil water at different soil layer depths is collected by using SM series soil solution samplers (SM series is the model of the soil solution samplers), and HCO in water samples is tested by using an alkalinity test box 3 － Concentration. The data obtained is graphically depicted in fig. 14. As can be seen from fig. 14: lower water seepage HCO 3 － The concentration is the same as the change trend of the soil water. Increasing with increasing stony desertification, but increasing rainfall tends to increase and decrease.
(v) Testing of biological carbon sink
And (3) measuring the fresh weight of each part (branch, leaf and root system) of the vegetation planted in each control pool after all the vegetation is respectively harvested, putting the vegetation in an oven for drying, and summing the weight of each part to obtain dry weight, namely biomass of the vegetation in each control pool, which represents the total amount of organic matters accumulated by the vegetation before harvesting, and dividing the value by 1.724 to obtain the organic carbon content of the vegetation. 1.724 the empirical constant for converting organic matter to organic carbon.
And after the experiment is finished, respectively calculating biomass of the surface vegetation under different stony desertification degrees. Shows a tendency that the amount of biochar decreases with the increase of stony desertification.
(vi) Testing of rock carbon sink
The weight is recorded before the rock blocks are filled into the control pool, and the rock blocks are weighed again after the test is finished, so that the rock carbon sink quantity can be obtained, and meanwhile, the karst erosion rates of different depths can be revealed. The rock carbon sink was measured under the different rainfall conditions described above and the data obtained are graphically shown in fig. 15-17.
From fig. 15-17, it can be seen that the rock erosion amounts at 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm were calculated, and the erosion amounts at different soil levels were 5cm <15cm <70cm <30cm <50cm, which generally showed a tendency to increase with increasing rainfall and stony desertification.
(vii) Isotope tracing
Due to the large differences between different carbon libraries, carbon isotopes can be applied to the source and evolution of carbon in the tracer water. According to CO from different sources 2 Delta produced by dissolution 13 C DIC The difference of the values can be used for knowing that the karst effect absorbs CO 2 Is a source of the different species. The bottom permeate from the control tank was sampled and tested for carbon isotope values of its dissolved organic carbon (DIC). Delta-based 13 The isotopic composition change of the hypotonic inorganic carbon is represented by the following equation by the C mass balance method:
wherein: delta 13 C DIC Is a measured value; mC (mC) i Is the inorganic carbon content of a certain source; delta 13 C i For the corresponding end member delta 13 C value. The contribution ratio of dissolved inorganic carbon from each of the soil and carbonate rock can be calculated from the above formula.
Calculating the contribution of the two sources according to the isotope two-end member method to obtain the CO from the corrosion release of carbonate in the karst carbon sink 2 The proportion is about 21% -26%.
The above-mentioned device and method for determining karst carbon sink process provided by the invention are described in detail, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principle and implementation of the invention, and the above description is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the invention; also, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for determining a karst carbon sink process using a karst carbon sink process determination device comprising a control tank, at least one carbon sink determination device comprising soil CO, and at least one karst ecosystem built into the control tank 2 The collecting device, the control pool comprises a soil layer and a permeable layer from top to bottom, the soil layer comprises soil, the bottom of the control pool is reinforced with steel bars, the karst ecosystem comprises 4 karst ecosystems with different degrees of stony desertification, namely potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification and severe stony desertification, the karst ecosystem is formed by constructing soil and rock blocks, the first soil layer for constructing the potential stony desertification, the slight stony desertification, the moderate stony desertification and the severe stony desertification karst ecosystem comprises 20-40 second rock blocks, the second soil layer comprises 50-130 second rock blocks, the third soil layer comprises 60-130 first rock blocks, the fourth soil layer comprises 180-320 first rock blocks, the first rock blocks have the length and the width of 8-10cm, the height of 10-14cm, the second rock blocks have the length and the width of 8-10cm, the height of 5-7cm, the method comprises the following steps,
step one, manually simulating rainfall by adopting a needle type rainfall simulation device, wherein the rainfall intensity regulation and control range is 12-200mm/h, and the rainfall effective range is 100cm multiplied by 100cm;
step two, CO is used 2 Measuring by detector of soil CO 2 Different soil layer depths collected by the collecting deviceCO at and near the surface 2 Concentration;
collecting soil water at different soil layer depths by using SM series soil solution samplers, and testing the soil water and HCO in infiltration water by using an alkalinity test box 3 － Concentration;
measuring fresh weights of all parts of branches, leaves and root systems of vegetation planted in each control pond after all the vegetation is harvested respectively, drying the vegetation in an oven, summing the weights of all the parts to obtain dry weights, and dividing the dry weight of the vegetation in each control pond by 1.724 to obtain the organic carbon content of the vegetation in each control pond;
step five, recording the weight of the rock blocks before filling the rock blocks into a control pond, and weighing again after the test is finished, so as to obtain the rock carbon sink quantity;
step six, using isotope tracing to sample the infiltration water of the control pool and test the carbon isotope value of the dissolved organic carbon DIC, the isotope composition change of the infiltration inorganic carbon is expressed by the following equation:
in the above formula: delta 13 C DIC Is a measured value; mC (mC) i Is the inorganic carbon content of a certain source; delta 13 C i For the corresponding end member delta 13 And C, calculating the contribution ratio of the dissolved inorganic carbon from the soil and the carbonate according to the formula, so as to detect the source and evolution of carbon in the lower water seepage.
2. The method for measuring karst carbon sink process by using a karst carbon sink process measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the water permeable layer is formed by filling Yuhua stone, the outer surfaces of the reinforcing bars are sleeved with PVC pipes, and the reinforcing bars are arranged at equal intervals to form a cross grid structure.
3. Determining karst using a karst carbon sink process determination device according to claim 1 or 2A method for carbon sequestration process, characterized in that the soil CO 2 The collecting device is L-shaped and comprises a horizontal part and a vertical part, the collecting device is buried in the soil layer in a mode that the horizontal part is buried in the soil layer at a preset depth position, and the top of the vertical part is exposed out of the soil surface and is communicated with air, and the soil CO 2 The collecting devices are arranged at different depths of the soil layer.
4. The method for determining a karst carbon sink process using a karst carbon sink process-determining apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the soil CO 2 The collecting device comprises a PVC pipe, a latex pipe, a rubber plug and a glass pipe, wherein the PVC pipe is arranged on the outer side of the latex pipe and the outer side of the glass pipe, the latex pipe is communicated with the glass pipe through the rubber plug, a plurality of vent holes are formed in the surface of the horizontal part of the PVC pipe, one end of the latex pipe extends out of the vertical part of the PVC pipe, and a device for releasing or sealing gas in the latex pipe is arranged.
5. The method for determining a karst carbon sink process by using a karst carbon sink process determining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the rock mass is carbonate rock of two specifications, the soil is lime soil weathered by carbonate rock, the soil layer is divided into a plurality of layers, each layer fills the soil layer according to natural vertical distribution characteristics of soil in a karst region, and vegetation is planted in the soil layer.
6. The method of determining a karst carbon sink process using a karst carbon sink process determination device of claim 1, wherein the soil layers include a first soil layer, a second soil layer, a third soil layer, a fourth soil layer, and a fifth soil layer from top to bottom, the second rock mass filling the first and second soil layers of the karst ecosystem, the first rock mass filling the third and fourth soil layers of the karst ecosystem, the fifth soil layer being free of rock mass.
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