CN108732306A - A kind of karst carbon sink process measurement device and method - Google Patents
A kind of karst carbon sink process measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 164
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013506 data mapping Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005587 carbonate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of karst carbon sink process measurement device, including control pond, at least one carbon remittance measurement device and the multiple KARST ECOSYSTEMs built in controlling pond and non-KARST ECOSYSTEM, it includes soil horizon and pervious bed to control pond from top to bottom, soil horizon includes soil and rock block, and control pond bottom of pond is with reinforcing bar load-bearing.Measure the method that karst carbon converges using above-mentioned karst carbon sink process measurement device the present invention also provides a kind of, including simulation rain making and measure the phosphorus content in KARST ECOSYSTEM, by the phosphorus content of measurement compared with non-KARST ECOSYSTEM.Karst carbon sink process measurement device provided by the invention includes 5 kinds of different media, and migration process of the carbon between different medium can be illustrated using the device, and preferable application prospect is provided to disclose carbon cycle rule aspect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of carbon sink process measurement device and method more particularly to a kind of karst carbon sink process measurement devices
With method, more particularly to karst carbon sink process measurement device and method under a kind of different Rock Desertification Degree.
Background technology
The most important challenge that Present Global carbon cycle faces is global CO2Payment imbalance, it is prodigious there are one
" omit and converge ".The 5th assessment report of IPCC points out that its value reaches 2.5Pg C/a.Most scholars think that this part of carbon remittance is mainly deposited
In being that karst carbon converges.China's karst area is up to 3,440,000 km2, wherein 90.7 ten thousand km of carbonate rock outcrop area2, therefore study rock
Molten area's carbon sink process and effect are most important.
Karst region carbon is constantly recycled in lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmospheric thermodynamics and biosphere.CO2Enter rock
When molten area, karst region carbon cycle is entered by the effects that precipitation dissolving, photosynthesis absorption and soil absorption.Therefore research rock
The premise that molten area's carbon converges is to disclose carbon to mutually convert process in different medium.Due to the unique binary three-dimensional structure in karst region
Presence, the carbon cycle rule that disclose in KARST ECOSYSTEM is more difficult, it is therefore desirable to which effective method is simulated,
The dynamic changing process of karst region carbon can be illustrated.
At present karst area for carbon converge quantifier elimination method it is more, mainly include corrosion experimental method, hydro chemical method and
Modelling.Corrosion experimental method effectively calculates the amount of corrosion carbon remittance to a certain extent, but since this method is by condition element shadow
Sound is larger, not can determine that hydrologic condition changes the migration of carbon；Hydro chemical method can control the carbon of corrosion in a certain basin,
But this method there is no consider allogenic water corrosion caused by carbon remittance amount, only using karst region as independent system into
Row considers；The karst carbon remittance amount in large scale can be obtained based on empirical equation in modelling, but does not account for rock fracture table
The influence in face, leading to computational accuracy, there are deviations.To sum up, these methods fail to consider simultaneously rock, water, soil, air,
Biological five big factors have no related assays device and tool especially in terms of soil average thickness and rock fracture development degree
Body measurement method.It would therefore be highly desirable to which different Rock Desertification Degrees can be measured by developing one kind, reflect the development condition or soil of Karst Fissures
The thickness of earth embodies carbon in rock, the device of water, soil, air and bioelectric interface conversion process, this discloses system
KARST ECOSYSTEM carbon sink process has great importance and is worth.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of karst carbon sink process measurement devices, for simulating karst region difference stony desertification
Degree, Karst Fissures development condition and preferable presentation karst carbon remittance whole process, while providing a kind of next using the device
The method for capturing KARST ECOSYSTEM carbon whereabouts reaches science, quantitative, province compared to the karst carbon sink process research under natural environment
When, cost-effective effect, and carbon in the prior art can be solved converge quantity research that rock, water, soil, big cannot be considered
The shortcomings that gas, biological five big factor.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of karst carbon sink process measurement device is built,
And it carries out the remittance of karst carbon using the device and measures.
Wherein the construction step of karst carbon sink process measurement device includes structure control pond and carbon remittance measurement device, and is made
It is specific as follows with control pond and carbon remittance measurement device structure KARST ECOSYSTEM and non-KARST ECOSYSTEM：
(1) structure control pond and carbon remittance measurement device
It includes soil horizon and pervious bed to control pond from top to bottom, and wherein soil horizon includes soil and rock block, the control
Pond bottom of pond is with reinforcing bar load-bearing.
According to regulation of the Investigation of biodiversity country in relation to plot size, herbosa's investigation quadrat size is generally
100cm × 100cm, this can both reduce workload, cost-effective, and can represent an intact ecocystem.So control
The length and width in pond are disposed as 80-120cm.Control pond thickness of soil is set as 80-120cm, can meet the draft of experimental monitoring
The Root Distribution of plant, it is ensured that root growth is not coerced.
To ensure to have bleed-through road under unobstructed moisture, control pond bottom of pond that pervious bed is arranged, permeable layer thickness is 10-30cm,
Pervious bed is filled with Yuhuatai colorful pebble, and wherein Yuhuatai colorful pebble diameter is preferably 3-8cm, as shown in attached drawing 1 and Fig. 4.Bottom of pond reinforcing bar is equidistant
In cross latticed array, bar diameter 0.5-2cm, housing pvc pipe, adjacent bar spacing is 1-3cm, to simulate karst region
Gap (is split) in hole under area's soil layer, for draining lower infiltration.In addition, being additionally provided with soil CO in the soil horizon in control pond2Collect dress
It sets, the different depth of soil horizon can be mounted on, to facilitate the CO of detection different depth soil2Concentration.Preferably, it is cutd open in soil
Face 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm depth installation soil CO2Collection device, specific schematic diagram and its peace in the soil
Holding position is shown in shown in attached drawing 2,3.
(2) KARST ECOSYSTEM is built
According to State Administration of Forestry's publication《Stony desertification monitoring technology in karst area provides》The evaluation of middle Rock Desertification Degree because
Son builds the KARST ECOSYSTEM of different Rock Desertification Degrees and at least one non-karst ecosytem system in the soil horizon in control pond
System, since China stony desertification soil is based on light, moderate stony desertification soil, severe stony desertification is taken second place, pole severe stony desertification soil
Area is less, so mainly building four kinds of potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification and severe stony desertification karst ecosytems
System.In order to disclose KARST ECOSYSTEM carbon sink process, 1 non-KARST ECOSYSTEM of structure is as a contrast.
Wherein Rock Desertification Degree is issued according to the State Administration of Forestry《Stony desertification monitoring technology in karst area provides》Middle basement rock
Exposed degree, vegetation pattern, vegetation integrate four indexs of cover degree and soil layer average thickness, and newly-increased ground contact area index come into
Row judgement.Specific targets control is as follows：
Vegetation pattern：Select herbaceous plant or crops.
Vegetation integrates cover degree：Reach the scheduled coverage of experiment by controlling the area that scatters seeds.
Exposed bedrock degree：Represent the rock planimetric area in unit area.
Ground contact area：The development degree of rock fracture, ground contact area are determined with ground contact area index
It is bigger, illustrate that rock fracture development is more abundant.
Wherein rock block is preferably carbonate rock, and specification is divided into two kinds, wherein the first rock block length and width is 8-
10cm is highly 10-14cm, and the second rock block length and width is 8-10cm, is highly 5-7cm.This can both ensure rock
Block and soil uniformly contact, and use easy to operation.It is cleaned and is air-dried with ultra-pure water before rock sample filling.Rock block fill when away from
From control pool side circle 2-3cm.
Soil horizon different levels are filled by different rock blocks, wherein preferably, the second rock block fills karst ecosytem system
The first soil horizon and the second soil horizon of system, the first rock block fill the third soil horizon and the 4th soil of KARST ECOSYSTEM
Layer, the 5th soil horizon do not have rock block.
It is preferred that building the karst ecosytem system of the potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification and severe stony desertification
First soil horizon of system includes 20-40 the second rock blocks, and the second soil horizon includes 50-130 the second rock blocks, third soil
Layer includes 60-130 the first rock blocks, and the 4th soil horizon includes 180-320 the first rock blocks.
Soil layer average thickness：Pass through banketing volume and determine average soil thickness in control cabinet.
Wherein soil selects rendzinas made of In Carbonate Rock weathering.According to karst region soil natural Characteristics of Vertical Distribution
To carry out soil filling, sieving before soil filling, to reject the plant residue and rock particles in soil.To 0- under natural conditions
The soil of 5cm, 5-25cm, 25-45cm, 45-95cm, 95-100cm are removed respectively, and pond is a certain in order to control for stripping amount of soil
Level volume subtracts the volume of the volume and carbon remittance measurement device of filling stone, and then different levels soil dispenses, then inverted sequence is filled out
It fills in controlling pond.
Preferably, 4 kinds of Rock Desertification Degree specific targets designs refer to table 1.
1 Rock Desertification Degree index Design of table
Moreover, it relates to a kind of carrying out carbon remittance method for measuring using above-mentioned karst carbon sink process measurement device,
Include the following steps：
Step 1 carries out artificially-simulated rainfall；
Step 2 detects the CO in the control pond soil and air2Concentration；
Step 3 detects HCO in the control pond soil water and lower infiltration3 -Concentration；
Step 4 detects the vegetation organic carbon content in the control pond；
Step 5 detects the rock block carbon remittance amount in the control pond；
Step 6 detects the source of carbon and evolution in lower infiltration.
Wherein, step 1 uses the needle-based rainfall simulator of Chinese Academy Of Sciences Institute Of Soil And Water Ministry Of Water Resources Conservation's production
Carry out artificially-simulated rainfall, rainfall intensity modification scope 12-200mm/h, rainfall effective range 100cm × 100cm.According to experiment
The relatively conventional rainfall pattern carried out carries out the design of rainfall intensity and rain time.
Step 2 uses GasAlertMicro 5IR CO2Detector is measured by soil CO2The difference soil that collection device is collected
At earth layer depth and the CO of near surface2Concentration.
Step 3 includes using the soil water (the SM series at SM series soil liquid samplers acquisition different soils layer depth
For soil liquid sampler model), test HCO in water sample and lower infiltration with basicity testing cassete3 -Concentration.
Step 4 includes the vegetation that will be planted in each control pond, all measures its each section (branch, Ye He after harvesting respectively
Root system) fresh weight, put and dry in an oven, obtain dry weight by each section weight is total, as each in control pond vegetation life
Object amount, which represent the organic matter total amount that vegetation accumulates before harvesting, the value divided by 1.724 i.e. obtain vegetation organic carbon content.
1.724 expression organic matters are scaled the empirical of organic carbon.
Step 5 includes that record rock block is filled into weight before control pond, is weighed again after the test, and then can obtain
To rock carbon remittance amount, while the karst erosion rate of different depth can also be disclosed.
Step 6 uses tagging, and since the difference of different carbon storehouses is larger, carbon isotope can be applied to tracer water
The source of middle carbon and evolution.According to the CO of separate sources2δ caused by dissolving13CDICThe difference of value, it will be appreciated that karstification
Absorb CO2Separate sources.Lower infiltration to controlling pond is sampled and tests the carbon isotope of its dissolved organic carbon (DIC)
Value.Based on δ13The isotopics variation of C mass balance approach, lower infiltration inorganic carbon is indicated with following equation：
In formula：δ13CDICFor measured value；mCiFor the inorganic carbon content in certain source；δ13CiFor corresponding end member δ13C values.Root
Dissolved inorganic carbon, which can be calculated, according to above formula derives from soil and the respective contribution ratio of carbonate rock.
The device can monitor the process that entire karst carbon converges, and the karst carbon that can also simulate under different rainfall plays converged
Journey illustrates the influence that different rain types converge karst carbon, while tracer method can also be used, and discloses coming for inorganic carbon remittance
Source and its contribution amount.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in present invention control pond, including soil horizon and pervious bed.Described in one specific example
Control pool size is set as 100cm (length) × 100cm (width) × 120cm (height), wherein soil thickness 100cm, permeable thickness
20cm。
Fig. 2 is soil CO2The structural schematic diagram of collection device, wherein A are horizontal component, are horizontally inserted into soil horizon
In, B is vertical portion, can be drawn out on soil horizon.
Fig. 3 is soil CO2The schematic diagram of installation site of the collection device in soil horizon.As a specific example,
Circle indicates to bury five soil CO in figure2The position of collection device horizontal component is embedded in respectively at the top of distance controlling pond
The position of 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm depth.
Fig. 4 is by a soil CO2Collection device is embedded in the stereogram in the present invention control pond in soil horizon.
Fig. 5 is using control pond and the KARST ECOSYSTEM different soils under 60mm condition of raining in the embodiment of the present invention
Level CO2The figure of concentration.
Fig. 6 is using control pond and the KARST ECOSYSTEM different soils under 90mm condition of raining in the embodiment of the present invention
Level CO2The figure of concentration.
Fig. 7 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 120mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
Earth level CO2The figure of concentration.
Fig. 8 is using control pond and the KARST ECOSYSTEM different soils under 60mm condition of raining in the embodiment of the present invention
The figure of level Soil Water Content.
Fig. 9 is using control pond and the KARST ECOSYSTEM different soils under 90mm condition of raining in the embodiment of the present invention
The figure of level Soil Water Content.
Figure 10 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 120mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
The figure of earth level Soil Water Content.
Figure 11 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 60mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
Earth level soil water HCO3 -The figure of concentration.
Figure 12 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 90mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
Earth level soil water HCO3 -The figure of concentration.
Figure 13 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 120mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
Earth level soil water HCO3 -The figure of concentration.
Figure 14 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under the conditions of different rainfalls under ooze
Water HCO3 -The figure of concentration.
Figure 15 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 60mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
The figure of earth level rock corrosion amount.
Figure 16 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 90mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
The figure of earth level rock corrosion amount.
Figure 17 be using in the embodiment of the present invention control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM under 120mm condition of raining Bu Tong soil
The figure of earth level rock corrosion amount.
Invention effect
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1. in terms of device：Apparatus of the present invention can measure CO2In air, rock, soil, water and biological 5 kinds of different Jie
Migration process in matter, while the development condition of rock fracture is represented with ground contact area, and then can preferably disclose karst
The carbon cycle rule in area.The carbon remittance data that the karst region under the conditions of simulation different precipitation can be accurately measured by the device, should
Data can be used in numerous fields for needing carbon remittance data such as the calculating process of " omit and converge ".
2. in terms of method：The method that apparatus of the present invention use rain making, rainfall intensity and rain time factor are convenient for control
System, while the application of isotope method can reveal that the source that inorganic carbon is converged, and illustrate migration of the carbon between different interfaces
Process has preferable application prospect in terms of disclosing carbon cycle rule.Compared to nature environment, can be easy to get by simulation
Carbon remittance data under different rainfall intensities, rain time and different landforms feature.Data obtaining time is short, at low cost.It solves
Carbon converges quantity research the shortcomings that cannot considering rock, water, soil, air, biological five big factor in the prior art.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but these embodiments do not constitute the protection model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed.
(1) structure control pond
The length and width for controlling pond are disposed as 100cm.Control pond soil layer thickness is set as 100cm, and control pond bottom of pond is saturating
Water layer thickness is 20cm, and pervious bed is filled with Yuhuatai colorful pebble, wherein a diameter of 3-8cm of Yuhuatai colorful pebble, as shown in Figure 1.Bottom of pond reinforcing bar etc.
Spacing is in cross latticed array, and bar diameter 1cm, housing pvc pipe, adjacent bar spacing is 2cm, to simulate karst area
Gap (is split) in hole under soil layer, for draining lower infiltration, sees Fig. 1.In soil profile 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm depth
Soil CO is installed2Collection device is shown in Fig. 3,4.
(2) KARST ECOSYSTEM is built
The karst of potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification and severe stony desertification is built using above-mentioned control pond
The ecosystem, and build 1 non-KARST ECOSYSTEM as a contrast.
Wherein rock block is carbonate rock, and specification is divided into two kinds：The length of first rock block is 10cm；Second rock
The length and width of stone is 10cm, a height of 5cm.Control pond different levels rock block filling number refers to table 2.Rock block fill when away from
From control pool side circle 2-3cm, by taking severe stony desertification soil layer 45-95cm as an example, the level 5 layers of rock block of filling, every layer 64
Block.
Table 2 controls pond rock block and fills number
In addition, soil selects rendzinas made of In Carbonate Rock weathering.According to karst region soil natural vertical distribution spy
It levies to carry out soil filling, sieving before soil filling, to reject the plant residue and rock particles in soil.The control pond soil
Layer is from top to bottom divided into 5 layers of 0-5cm, 5-25cm, 25-45cm, 45-95cm, 95-100cm, respectively the first soil horizon, the
Two soil horizons, third soil horizon, the 4th soil horizon, the 5th soil horizon, to 0-5cm, 5-25cm, 25-45cm under natural conditions,
The soil of 45-95cm, 95-100cm are removed respectively, and a certain level volume in pond subtracts filling stone to stripping amount of soil in order to control
Volume and carbon converge measurement device volume, then different levels soil dispense, then inverted sequence be filled in control pond first to the 5th
In soil horizon.
Embodiment (carbon remittance assay method)
Using the control pond and KARST ECOSYSTEM according to above structure and method structure, mould is carried out according to following method
Quasi- condition of raining measures the carbon remittance data under different condition of raining, to reflect carbon remittance data under different stony desertification geomorphological environments
Variation.
(i) condition of raining designs
First, rain types design is carried out, the needle-based produced using Chinese Academy Of Sciences Institute Of Soil And Water Ministry Of Water Resources Conservation
Rainfall simulator progress artificially-simulated rainfall, rainfall intensity modification scope 12-200mm/h, rainfall effective range 100cm ×
100cm.The design of rainfall intensity and rain time is carried out according to the relatively conventional rainfall pattern in the experiment opening site of an exhibition.Rainfall is according to research
History is average during the rainy season that area's natural precipitation is more concentrated and maximum amount of daily precipitation, and the precipitation of three groups of difference gradients is arranged：
60mm, 90mm, 120mm, respectively represent three kinds of heavy rain, heavy rain, torrential rain different rain types, and simulated rainfall intensity is
60mm/h, rainfall duration are respectively 1h, 1.5h, 2h.
(ii) CO under different soils depth conditions2The measurement of concentration is analyzed
It is above-mentioned not in simulation using the KARST ECOSYSTEM in the control pond built shown in Fig. 1,3,4 and such as structure of above-mentioned table 2
Under same condition of raining, GasAlertMicro 5IR CO are used2Detector is measured by soil CO2The difference that collection device is collected
CO at soil depth2Concentration, obtained data mapping are shown graphically in the attached figures 5-7.
It can be seen that from Fig. 5-7：
(1) under different Rock Desertification Degrees, different soils level CO2Concentration changes in two-way gradient, shows as 5cm<15cm<
50cm<30cm<70cm.Non- stony desertification shows as single graded, 5cm<15cm<30cm<70cm<50cm.
(2) CO at same depth2Concentration and Rock Desertification Degree correlation：Increase with Rock Desertification Degree, CO2It is dense
Degree increases.
(3) increase with rainfall, the CO under different soils depth2Concentration increases therewith.
(iii) Soil Water Content and HCO3 -The measurement of concentration is analyzed
Using SM series soil liquid samplers acquire different soil depth the soil water (SM series takes for the soil liquid
Sample type number), test HCO in water sample with basicity testing cassete3 -Concentration.Obtained data mapping is shown graphically in the attached figures 8-13.
It can be seen that from Fig. 8-13：
(1) Soil Water Content with soil depth increase in first increase after reduction trend, total amount with rainfall increase
And increase, it is reduced with the increase of Rock Desertification Degree.
(2) HCO in the soil water3 -Concentration increases with the increase of Rock Desertification Degree, but with the increase of rainfall, in first increasing
The trend of reduction after adding, reason are mainly the diluting effect of rainfall.
(iv) the lower infiltration HCO under different condition of raining3 -Concentration mensuration is analyzed
Using SM series soil liquid samplers acquire different soil depth the soil water (SM series takes for the soil liquid
Sample type number), test HCO in water sample with basicity testing cassete3 -Concentration.Obtained data mapping is shown graphically in the attached figures 14.It can from attached drawing 14
To find out：Lower infiltration HCO3 -Concentration is identical as soil water variation tendency.Increase with the increase of Rock Desertification Degree, but with rainfall
The increase of amount, in the trend of reduction after first increasing.
(v) test that biological carbon is converged
The vegetation that will be planted in each control pond, all measures the fresh of its each section (branch, leaf and root system) after harvesting respectively
Weight, puts and dries in an oven, and each section weight is added up to and obtains dry weight, as each controls the biomass of vegetation in pond, generation
The organic matter total amount that table vegetation accumulates before harvesting, the value divided by 1.724 obtains vegetation organic carbon content.1.724 indicating
Organic matter is scaled the empirical of organic carbon.
After experiment, biomass calculating is carried out to the surface vegetation under different Rock Desertification Degrees respectively.Show as biology
Carbon remittance amount trend of reduction with the increase of Rock Desertification Degree.
(vi) test that rock carbon converges
Rock block records weight before being filled into control pond, weighs again after the test, and then can obtain the remittance of rock carbon
Amount, while the karst erosion rate of different depth can also be disclosed.Rock carbon is measured under above-mentioned different condition of raining to converge, and is obtained
Data mapping be shown graphically in the attached figures 15-17.
It can be seen that from attached drawing 15-17 and the rock corrosion amount from 5cm, 15cm, 30cm, 50cm, 70cm counted
It calculates, the corrosion amount at different soils level is 5cm<15cm<70cm<30cm<50cm, aggregate performance are with rainfall and stony desertification
The increase of degree and increased trend.
(vii) tagging
Since the difference of different carbon storehouses is larger, carbon isotope can be applied to the source of carbon and evolution in tracer water.According to
The CO of separate sources2δ caused by dissolving13CDICThe difference of value, it will be appreciated that karstification absorbs CO2Separate sources.To control
The lower infiltration in pond processed is sampled and tests the carbon isotope value of its dissolved organic carbon (DIC).Based on δ13C mass balance approach, under
The isotopics variation of infiltration inorganic carbon is indicated with following equation：
In formula：δ13CDICFor measured value；mCiFor the inorganic carbon content in certain source；δ13CiFor corresponding end member δ13C values.Root
Dissolved inorganic carbon, which can be calculated, according to above formula derives from soil and the respective contribution ratio of carbonate rock.
It is calculated according to the contribution amount in two two sources of end member method pair of isotope, obtains coming from carbonate during karst carbon converges
The CO of karst erosion release2Ratio is about 21% -26%.
Exhaustive presentation is carried out with method to a kind of karst carbon sink process measurement device provided by the present invention above, herein
In apply specific case principle and implementation of the present invention are described, the explanation of the above implementation is only intended to help
Understand the method and its core concept of the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the present invention,
There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range, to the present invention change and improvement will be it is possible, without
The conception and scope that accessory claim defined can be exceeded, in conclusion the content of the present specification should not be construed as to the present invention
Limitation.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of karst carbon sink process measurement device, which is characterized in that described device includes control pond, at least one carbon remittance measurement
Device and at least one KARST ECOSYSTEM built in the control pond and/or at least one non-KARST ECOSYSTEM,
The control pond includes from top to bottom soil horizon and pervious bed, and the soil horizon includes soil, and control pond bottom of pond is with reinforcing bar
Load-bearing.
2. karst carbon sink process measurement device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pervious bed is filled out by Yuhuatai colorful pebble
It fills to be formed, the reinforcing bar outer surface is cased with pvc pipe, and equidistantly arrangement is in cross fenestral fabric to each reinforcing bar.
3. karst carbon sink process measurement device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the carbon remittance measurement device
Including soil CO2Collection device, the soil CO2Collection device is L-shaped, including horizontal component and vertical portion, with the level
It is partly embedded into soil horizon predetermined depth position, soil surface is exposed at the top of vertical portion and the mode of air communication is embedded
In the soil horizon, the soil CO2Collection device may be provided at the different depth of the soil horizon.
4. karst carbon sink process measurement device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the soil CO2Collection device packet
Include pvc pipe, emulsion tube, rubber stopper, glass tube, the pvc pipe is arranged in the outside of the emulsion tube and the glass tube, described
Emulsion tube is connected to the glass tube by rubber stopper, and the pvc pipe is provided with multiple ventholes, institute on the surface of horizontal component
The vertical portion of the pvc pipe is stretched out in the one end for stating emulsion tube, and is provided with for discharging or sealing in the emulsion tube
The device of gas.
5. according to Claims 1 to 4 any one of them karst carbon sink process measurement device, which is characterized in that the karst life
State system includes the KARST ECOSYSTEM of 4 different Rock Desertification Degrees, respectively potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stone
The KARST ECOSYSTEM of desertization and severe stony desertification is built by soil and rock block and is formed.
6. karst carbon sink process measurement device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the rock block selects two kinds of rule
The carbonate rock of lattice, is divided into the first rock block and the second rock block, and the soil selects lime made of In Carbonate Rock weathering
Soil, and the soil horizon can be divided into many levels, each level can come according to karst region soil natural Characteristics of Vertical Distribution
The soil horizon is filled, can be planted in the soil horizon and be implanted with vegetation.
7. karst carbon sink process measurement device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the soil horizon wraps from top to bottom
Include the first soil horizon, the second soil horizon, third soil horizon, the 4th soil horizon and the 5th soil horizon, the second rock block filling
First soil horizon and second soil horizon of the KARST ECOSYSTEM, first rock block fill the karst life
The third soil horizon and the 4th soil horizon of state system, the 5th soil horizon do not have rock block.
8. according to the method that claim 1~7 any one of them karst carbon sink process measurement device measures karst carbon sink process,
It is characterized by comprising the following steps
Step 1 carries out artificially-simulated rainfall；
Step 2 detects the CO in the control pond soil and air2Concentration；
Step 3 detects HCO in the control pond soil water and lower infiltration3 -Concentration；
Step 4 detects the vegetation organic carbon content in the control pond；
Step 5 detects the rock block carbon remittance amount in the control pond；
Step 6 detects the source of carbon and evolution in lower infiltration.
9. the method that measurement device according to claim 8 measures karst carbon sink process, which is characterized in that the step 1
Artificially-simulated rainfall is carried out using needle-based rainfall simulator, regulation and control rainfall intensity range is in 12-200mm/h.
10. the method that measurement device according to claim 8 measures karst carbon sink process, which is characterized in that the step
Two include using CO2Detector is measured by the soil CO2It is the different soil depth that collection device is collected and near surface
CO2Concentration.
11. the method that measurement device according to claim 8 measures karst carbon sink process, which is characterized in that the step
Three include the soil water for using SM series soil liquid samplers to acquire different soil depth, and including using basicity to test
Box tests HCO in the soil water and lower infiltration3 -Concentration.
12. the method that measurement device according to claim 8 measures karst carbon sink process, which is characterized in that the step
Four include the vegetation gathered in the soil horizon, and measures the fresh weight of the vegetation branch, leaf, root system, then will be described
Vegetation is put dries in an oven, and measures the dry weight of the vegetation branch, leaf, root, then by it is each it is described control pond in the plant
By dry weight divided by 1.724, the organic carbon content of the vegetation in each control pond is obtained.
13. the method that measurement device according to claim 8 measures karst carbon sink process, which is characterized in that the step
Five include the weight for recording the rock block and being filled into before the control pond, and is weighed again after the end of the test.
14. the method that measurement device according to claim 8 measures karst carbon sink process, which is characterized in that the step
Six include the carbon isotope value for being sampled to the lower infiltration in the control pond, and testing the lower infiltration dissolved organic carbon.
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