CN108727248B - 一类双季铵化合物及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
一类双季铵化合物及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108727248B CN108727248B CN201810828371.7A CN201810828371A CN108727248B CN 108727248 B CN108727248 B CN 108727248B CN 201810828371 A CN201810828371 A CN 201810828371A CN 108727248 B CN108727248 B CN 108727248B
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- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003158 myorelaxant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- -1 amine compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- NPIJXCQZLFKBMV-YTGGZNJNSA-L pancuronium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C[N+]1([C@@H]2[C@@H](OC(C)=O)C[C@@H]3CC[C@H]4[C@@H]5C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@]5(CC[C@@H]4[C@@]3(C)C2)C)OC(=O)C)[N+]2(C)CCCCC2)CCCCC1 NPIJXCQZLFKBMV-YTGGZNJNSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960003379 pancuronium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propofol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1O OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004134 propofol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012313 reversal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003682 rocuronium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OYTJKRAYGYRUJK-FMCCZJBLSA-M rocuronium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].N1([C@@H]2[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]3CC[C@H]4[C@@H]5C[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@]5(CC[C@@H]4[C@@]3(C)C2)C)OC(=O)C)[N+]2(CC=C)CCCC2)CCOCC1 OYTJKRAYGYRUJK-FMCCZJBLSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000002027 skeletal muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000008673 vomiting Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07D211/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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Abstract
本发明提供了一类双季铵化合物及其制备方法和用途,具体提供了式(Ⅰ)所示双季胺类化合物:其中,L1为C1~C8的亚烷基;L2为C1~C8的亚烷基;Z1为硝基或卤素或甲氧基;Z2为硝基或卤素或甲氧基;Z3为硝基或卤素或甲氧基;R=H或C1~C6的烷基;a,b,c独自为0~5的整数;M为药学上可接受的阴离子,如溴离子、氯离子、磺酸根等。(Ⅰ)所示的化合物的立体异构体或立体异构体混合物或药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物或共晶,与药学上可接受的载体形成的组合物,与其他活性成分形成的复方,可在制备肌肉松弛药物领域中应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物合成领域,具体涉及一类双季铵化合物及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
在外科手术麻醉期间,神经肌肉阻滞剂(又称肌松药物)可产生肌肉松弛作用,用于在外科手术和气管插管期间使骨骼肌松弛。上述肌松药物根据其作用机制分为去极化和非去极化型两类,根据其作用持续时间可分为超短效、短效、中效和长效四类(Anesthesiology,82(1),33a,1995)。
去极化肌松药物中仍在临床使用的仅有琥珀胆碱,由于作用机制特殊,琥珀胆碱具有严重的副作用,如血钾升高、恶性高热、心率失常、眼内压增加和胃紧张等。琥珀胆碱的优点是作用时间短,例如人体上是持续时间为10分钟且起效迅速,在临床上作为超短效肌松药物使用,这种特点特别适合急诊,因为在急症情况下如果使用了作用时间较长的肌松药物,可能会导致严重的脑损伤甚至死亡。目前,去极化肌松药物琥珀胆碱是用于急诊的最适合的肌松药物。
除了不能具有超短效作用,非去极化肌松药物被认为是更加安全的肌松药物。临床医生一直在寻求具有超短效作用的非去极化肌松药物(Anesthesia and Analgsia,61(9),721,1982;Cueernt opinion in anaethesiology,8,362,1995)。然而,目前临床使用的所有非去极化肌松药物均不具备超短效特点(指单次给药肌松持续时间<10分钟)。如米库氯铵单次使用为肌松持续时间是15~20分钟,顺阿曲库铵和罗库溴铵单次使用作用时间为40~60分钟,泮库溴铵单次使用作用时间超过60分钟。CN101588803A中披露了一种非去极化肌松药物,可以给予其剂量200倍的半胱氨酸快速逆转其肌松作用,虽然做到了肌松的快速消退,但必须借助大量巯基氨基酸(如半胱氨酸)来实现,这显然会增加医疗操作,大量的巯基氨基酸也会增加安全性方面的不确定,如过量的半胱氨酸引起气管痉挛,呕吐等。因此,不需要逆转剂的超短效非去极化肌松药物更加符合临床需求,能够为病人减轻经济负担,增加患者安全性,同时减少医疗人员的操作,节省医疗资源。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一类双季铵化合物及其制备方法和用途。
本发明首先提供了双季铵类化合物,结构如式(Ⅰ)所示:
其中,L1为C1~C8的亚烷基;L2为C1~C8的亚烷基;Z1为硝基或卤素或甲氧基;Z2为硝基或卤素或甲氧基;Z3为硝基或卤素或甲氧基;R=H或C1~C6的烷基;a,b,c独自为0~5的整数;M为药学上可接受的阴离子,如溴离子、氯离子、磺酸根等。
进一步地,Z1,Z2,Z3为氟原子;a,b,c独自为0~5的整数。
进一步地,Z1,Z2,Z3为氯原子;a,b,c独自为0~2的整数。
进一步地,Z1,Z2,Z3为硝基;a,b,c独自为0~2的整数。
进一步地,Z1,Z2,Z3为溴原子;a,b,c独自为0~2的整数。
进一步地,Z1,Z2,Z3为甲氧基;a,b,c独自为0~2的整数。
进一步地,R为H或甲基。
进一步地,所述化合物为如下化合物之一:
本发明还提供了上述的双季胺类化合物在制备肌肉松弛药物中的用途。
本发明还提供了一种肌肉松弛药物,它是以权利要求1~8任一项所述的双季胺类化合物为活性成分,加上药学上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
式(Ⅰ)所述的化合物,单次用药起效快,并提供2~10分钟彻底的肌肉松弛作用,这些化合物只需依赖机体本身的代谢就可以实现超短效非去极化肌松作用,在发挥超短效的肌松作用后快速自行消退。
鉴于上述特点,具有式(Ⅰ)结构的化合物,其立体异构体或立体异构体混合物或其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物或共晶及其组合物,以及它们与药学上可接受载体形成的组合物,可在制备肌肉松弛药物领域中应用,提供符合临床需求的快速和超短效非去极化肌松作用
关于本发明的使用术语的定义:除非另有说明,本文中基团或者术语提供的初始定义适用于整篇说明书的该基团或者术语;对于本文没有具体定义的术语,应该根据公开内容和上下文,给出本领域技术人员能够给予它们的含义。
碳氢基团中碳原子含量的最小值和最大值通过前缀表示,例如,前缀(Ca~Cb)烷基表明任何含“a”至“b”个碳原子的烷基。因此,例如,(C1~C6)烷基是指包含1~6个碳原子的烷基。
所述C1~C6烷基是指C1、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6的烷基,即具有1~6个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、戊基、己基等等。
所述C1~C8的亚烷基是指亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基、亚丁基、亚戊基、亚己基等等。
显然,根据本发明的上述内容,按照本领域的普通技术知识和惯用手段,在不脱离本发明上述基本技术思想前提下,还可以做出其它多种形式的修改、替换或变更。
以下通过实施例形式的具体实施方式,对本发明的上述内容再作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明上述主题的范围仅限于以下的实例。凡基于本发明上述内容所实现的技术均属于本发明的范围。
具体实施方式
实施例1、化合物1的制备
将1.81克4-溴丁酸甲酯溶于30毫升乙腈,加入0.85克哌啶和1.38克无水碳酸钾,50℃搅拌10小时,随后加入1.95克2,4-二氯苄氯,75℃搅拌6小时,过滤,减压蒸干溶剂,向剩余物中加入2N氢氧化钠水溶液40毫升,室温搅拌2小时,用2N稀盐酸调节pH值至9,减压蒸干溶剂,向残余物中加入50毫升二氯甲烷,加热至微沸,趁热过滤,滤液蒸干得亮黄色中间体(1-1)粗品2.67克。
将1.99克羟乙基-4-氯苄基-甲基胺溶于30毫升乙腈,加入1.95克3,4-二氯苄氯于75℃搅拌8小时,减压蒸干溶剂,析出黄色固体,将该固体溶解在50毫升二氯甲烷中,加入1.6克吡啶,冷却至5℃,滴加氯甲酸氯甲酯1.3克,滴毕后室温搅拌3小时。减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经柱层析得中间体(1-2)2.72克。
将1.94克中间体1-1与2.44克中间体1-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.93克,即化合物1,产率22.7%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.41~1.47(1H,m),1.61~1.64(1H,m),1.78~1.89(4H,m),2.03~2.12(2H,m),2.54~2.59(2H,m),3.10(3H,s),3.15~3.26(4H,m),3.42~3.44(2H,m),3.65~3.74(2H,m),4.66~4.75(6H,m),4.87~4.98(2H,m),5.78(2H,s),7.43~7.52(8H,m),7.62~7.73(2H,m).
实施例2、化合物2的制备
中间体2-1和2-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法。将1.99克中间体2-1和2.44克中间体2-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.02克,即化合物2,产率23.7%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.42~1.48(1H,m),1.63~1.66(1H,m),1.78~1.89(4H,m),2.04~2.14(2H,m),2.56~2.61(2H,m),3.08(3H,s),3.15~3.26(4H,m),3.41~3.45(2H,m),3.64~3.75(2H,m),4.65~4.77(6H,m),4.86~4.95(2H,m),5.75(2H,s),7.40~7.49(6H,m),7.52~7.83(4H,m).
实施例3、化合物3的制备
中间体3-1和3-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体3-1和3-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.61克中间体3-1和2.88克中间体3-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.07克,即化合物3,产率24.3%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.41~1.46(1H,m),1.62~1.67(1H,m),1.78~1.89(4H,m),2.03~2.13(2H,m),2.56~2.61(2H,m),3.05(3H,s),3.15~3.26(4H,m),3.41~3.45(2H,m),3.64~3.75(2H,m),4.65~4.77(6H,m),4.86~4.95(2H,m),5.75(2H,s),7.39~7.48(6H,m),7.53~7.82(4H,m).
实施例4、化合物4的制备
中间体4-1和4-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体4-1和4-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.09克中间体4-1和2.51克中间体4-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.31克,即化合物4,产率30.5%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.40~1.43(1H,m),1.62~1.65(1H,m),1.77~1.88(4H,m),2.05~2.15(2H,m),2.55~2.60(2H,m),3.07(3H,s),3.15~3.26(4H,m),3.42~3.46(2H,m),3.63~3.75(2H,m),4.64~4.77(6H,m),4.85~4.95(2H,m),5.74(2H,s),7.26~7.37(4H,m),7.42~7.49(4H,m).
实施例5、化合物5的制备
中间体5-1和5-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体5-1和5-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.27克中间体5-1和2.59克中间体5-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.28克,即化合物5,产率28.0%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.41~1.43(1H,m),1.62~1.64(1H,m),1.77~1.88(4H,m),2.04~2.15(2H,m),2.54~2.60(2H,m),3.03(3H,s),3.14~3.26(4H,m),3.41~3.46(2H,m),3.63~3.76(2H,m),4.63~4.77(6H,m),4.85~4.95(2H,m),5.76(2H,s),7.65~7.97(5H,m),8.37~8.86(6H,m).
实施例6、化合物6的制备
中间体6-1和6-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体6-1和6-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.27克中间体6-1和3.04克中间体6-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.56克,即化合物6,产率31.1%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.40~1.45(1H,m),1.61~1.64(1H,m),1.75~1.86(4H,m),2.05~2.16(2H,m),2.53~2.59(2H,m),3.08(3H,s),3.13~3.25(4H,m),3.40~3.45(2H,m),3.62~3.77(2H,m),4.62~4.77(6H,m),4.85~4.95(2H,m),5.78(2H,s).
实施例7、化合物7的制备
中间体7-1和7-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体7-1和7-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.22克中间体7-1和2.93克中间体7-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.16克,即化合物7,产率23.9%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.41~1.46(1H,m),1.62~1.65(1H,m),1.78~1.89(4H,m),2.05~2.16(2H,m),2.55~2.61(2H,m),3.07(3H,s),3.15~3.26(4H,m),3.41~3.45(2H,m),3.64~3.75(2H,m),4.65~4.77(6H,m),4.86~4.95(2H,m),5.75(2H,s),7.43~7.49(6H,m),7.54~7.88(6H,m).
实施例8、化合物8的制备
中间体8-1和8-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体8-1和8-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.22克中间体8-1和2.93克中间体8-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.85克,即化合物8,产率17.5%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.40~1.44(1H,m),1.62~1.67(1H,m),1.78~1.89(4H,m),2.03~2.13(2H,m),2.56~2.61(2H,m),3.05(3H,s),3.15~3.26(4H,m),3.41~3.45(2H,m),3.64~3.75(2H,m),4.65~4.77(6H,m),4.86~4.95(2H,m),5.75(2H,s),7.39~7.48(6H,m),7.53~7.82(6H,m).
实施例9、化合物9的制备
中间体1-1和9-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法。将3.88克中间体1-1和4.99克中间体9-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.85克,加入40毫升DMF和20毫升水,加入6克甲苯磺酸银,室温搅拌2小时使银盐沉淀,过滤,滤液减压蒸干,剩余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.87克,即化合物9,产率7.9%。
1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ:1.54~1.65(4H,m),1.78~1.85(1H,m),1.98~2.10(4H,m),2.22~2.25(2H,m),2.59~2.60(2H,m),3.12~3.32(4H,m),3.37~3.61(6H,m),3.76~3.81(3H,m),4.67~4.99(6H,m),6.81~6.84(1H,m),7.43~7.52(8H,m),7.62~7.73(2H,m),7.75~7.81(10H,m).
实施例10、化合物10的制备
参考实施例9,在沉淀银盐一步使用对甲苯磺酸银,可制备得到化合物10。
1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ:1.53~1.65(4H,m),1.77~1.85(1H,m),1.97~2.10(4H,m),2.21~2.24(2H,m),2.43(3H,s),2.45(3H,s),2.59~2.60(2H,m),3.11~3.32(4H,m),3.38~3.61(6H,m),3.75~3.81(3H,m),4.68~4.99(6H,m),6.80~6.84(1H,m),7.41~7.52(12H,m),7.61~7.73(6H,m).
实施例11、化合物11的制备
参考实施例9,在沉淀银盐一步使用甲烷磺酸银,可制备得到化合物11。
1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ:1.50~1.65(4H,m),1.74~1.85(1H,m),1.95~2.10(4H,m),2.20~2.24(2H,m),2.56~2.60(2H,m),2.83(3H,s),2.85(3H,s),3.11~3.32(4H,m),3.38~3.61(6H,m),3.74~3.81(3H,m),4.67~4.99(6H,m),6.80~6.85(1H,m),7.41~7.53(8H,m),7.61~7.74(2H,m).
实施例12、化合物12的制备
中间体12-1和5-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和5-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.59克中间体5-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.08克,即化合物12,产率24.8%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.41~1.43(1H,m),1.59~1.61(1H,m),1.84(4H,s,broad),2.08~2.09(2H,m),2.57~2.60(2H,m),3.10(3H,s),3.25~3.49(6H,m),3.73(2H,s),4.72~4.77(6H,m),5.08(2H,s),5.78(2H,s),7.85~7.87(2H,m),7.94~7.95(4H,m),8.32~8.38(6H,m).
实施例13、化合物13的制备
中间体12-1和13-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和13-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.36克中间体13-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.08克,即化合物13,产率24.8%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.40~1.46(1H,m),1.60~1.63(1H,m),1.79~1.90(4H,m),2.04~2.12(2H,m),2.55~2.59(2H,m),3.03(3H,s),3.16~3.27(4H,m),3.41~3.43(2H,m),3.66~3.75(2H,m),4.67~4.76(6H,m),4.86~4.97(2H,m),5.77(2H,s),7.50~7.56(3H,m),7.60~7.62(2H,m),7.83~7.95(4H,m),8.31~8.37(4H,m).
实施例14、化合物14的制备
中间体12-1和14-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和14-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.43克中间体14-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.68克,即化合物14,产率16.2%。
1HNMR(400MHz,MeOD)δ:1.52~1.64(4H,m),1.77~1.85(1H,m),1.97~2.09(4H,m),2.21~2.24(2H,m),2.58~2.60(2H,m),3.11~3.32(4H,m),3.35~3.61(6H,m),3.75~3.81(3H,m),4.67~4.98(6H,m),6.80~6.84(1H,m),7.55~7.62(5H,m),7.82~7.95(4H,m),8.33~8.39(4H,m).
实施例15、化合物15的制备
中间体12-1和15-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和15-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.76克中间体15-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.98克,即化合物15,产率21.3%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.43(1H,s,broad),1.60(1H,s,broad),1.84(4H,s,broad),3.02(3H,s),3.39~3.42(4H,m),3.64(2H,s),4.50~4.83(8H,m),5.78(2H,s),7.55~7.57(2H,m),7.74~7.76(2H,m),7.83~7.85(2H,m),7.90~7.92(2H,m),8.33~8.38(4H,m).
实施例16、化合物16的制备
中间体12-1和16-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和16-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.71克中间体16-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.18克,即化合物16,产率26.4%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.45(1H,s,broad),1.61~1.64(1H,m),1.84(4H,s,broad),2.10(2H,s,broad),2.58~2.61(2H,m),3.07(3H,s),3.25~3.44(6H,m),3.71(2H,s,broad),4.56~4.77(6H,m),4.90~5.04(2H,m),5.79(2H,s),7.65~7.96(7H,m),8.33~8.39(4H,m).
实施例17、化合物17的制备
中间体12-1和17-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和17-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.55克中间体17-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末1.02克,即化合物17,产率23.7%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.42(1H,s,broad),1.59(1H,s,broad),1.83(4H,s,broad),2.08(2H,s,broad),2.56~2.59(2H,m),3.04(3H,s),3.23~3.31(4H,m),3.40~3.43(2H,m),3.63~3.79(2H,m),4.51~4.54(1H,d,J=12Hz),4.76~4.79(5H,m),4.89~4.99(2H,m),5.77(2H,s),7.29~7.31(1H,m),7.48~7.51(1H,m),7.78~7.86(3H,m),7.94~7.96(2H,m),8.32~8.38(4H,m).
实施例18、化合物18的制备
中间体18-1和13-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体18-1和13-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将1.82克中间体18-1和2.37克中间体13-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.87克,即化合物18,产率22.3%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.43~1.46(1H,m),1.61~1.64(1H,m),1.78~1.90(4H,m),2.03~2.12(2H,m),2.53~2.59(2H,m),3.07(3H,s),3.15~3.27(4H,m),3.42~3.43(2H,m),3.65~3.75(2H,m),4.68~4.76(6H,m),4.84~4.97(2H,m),5.71(2H,s),7.50~7.62(10H,m),7.83~7.95(2H,m),8.31~8.37(2H,m).
实施例19、化合物19的制备
中间体12-1和19-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体12-1和19-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将2.04克中间体12-1和2.14克中间体19-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.79克,即化合物19,产率20.2%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.42~1.46(1H,m),1.61~1.65(1H,m),1.78~1.91(4H,m),2.03~2.11(2H,m),2.52~2.58(2H,m),3.06(3H,s),3.15~3.27(4H,m),3.41~3.44(2H,m),3.64~3.76(2H,m),4.67~4.75(6H,m),4.83~4.96(2H,m),5.75(2H,s),7.51~7.63(10H,m),7.82~7.95(2H,m),8.33~8.35(2H,m).
实施例20、化合物20的制备
中间体18-1和19-2的制备参考实施例1的中间体的制备方法,为了确保阴离子为溴离子,在制备中间体18-1和19-2时,使用苄溴类试剂和氢溴酸替代实施例1中苄氯类试剂和稀盐酸。将1.82克中间体18-1和2.14克中间体19-2溶解在50毫升N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经反相制备色谱分离,得白色粉末0.58克,即化合物20,产率20.1%。
1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ:1.41~1.45(1H,m),1.60~1.64(1H,m),1.77~1.91(4H,m),2.02~2.11(2H,m),2.51~2.58(2H,m),3.09(3H,s),3.17~3.27(4H,m),3.40~3.46(2H,m),3.63~3.78(2H,m),4.66~4.75(6H,m),4.82~4.96(2H,m),5.78(2H,s),7.51~7.63(6H,m),7.68~7.73(9H,m).
实施例21、化合物21的制备
季铵盐中间体21-1和21-2的制备参照实施例1。将2.05克中间体21-1和2.75克中间体21-2溶于50毫升乙腈,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经制备色谱分离,得到白色粉末1.16克,即化合物21,产率25.1%。
1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ:1.43~1.59(4H,m),1.67~1.99(6H,m),3.01(3H,s),3.34~3.39(2H,m),3.56~3.59(2H,m),3.79~3.82(2H,m),4.24(2H,t,J=8Hz),4.57(2H,s),4.66~4.78(3H,m),4.83~5.00(3H,m),5.85(2H,s),7.61~7.64(1H,m),7.77~7.85(4H,m),7.95~7.99(2H,m),8.30~8.36(4H,m).
实施例22、化合物22的制备
季铵盐中间体12-1和22-2的制备参照实施例1。将2.05克中间体21-1和2.30克中间体22-2溶于50毫升乙腈,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经制备色谱分离,得到白色粉末1.25克,即化合物22,产率29.8%。
1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ:1.30~1.42(4H,m),1.59~1.62(1H,m),1.83(4H,s,broad),2.08(2H,s),2.58(2H,s),3.07(3H,s),3.3(4H,s,broad),3.41~3.73(4H,m),4.60~4.62(1H,s),4.8(3H,s,broad),4.9(1H,s),4.99~5.02(1H,m),5.26~5.38(1H,m),5.72~5.80(2H,m),7.52~7.54(3H,m),7.65~7.66(2H,m),7.86~7.88(2H,m),7.99~8.00(2H,m),8.32~8.38(4H,m).
实施例23、化合物23的制备
季铵盐中间体23-1和23-2的制备参照实施例1。将2.12克中间体23-1和2.88克中间体23-2溶于50毫升乙腈,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经制备色谱分离,得到白色粉末0.91克,即化合物23,产率19.3%。
1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ:1.31(d,J=0.8,5.6Hz,3H),1.35~1.42(m,1H),1.55~1.60(m,4H),1.83(s,broad,4H),2.08(s,2H),2.56~2.58(m,2H),3.07(s,3H),3.30(s,broad,4H),3.41~3.55(m,3H),3.66~3.73(m,1H),3.79~3.82(m,18H),4.60~4.61(m,1H),4.80(s,broad,3H),4.90~5.02(m,2H),5.26~5.38(m,1H),5.72~5.80(m,1H),7.05~7.26(m,9H).
实施例24、化合物24的制备
季铵盐中间体24-1和24-2的制备参照实施例1。将2.00克中间体24-1和2.95克中间体24-2溶于50毫升乙腈,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经制备色谱分离,得到白色粉末0.96克,即化合物24,产率20.7%。
1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ:1.42~1.60(m,5H),1.62~1.71(m,2H),1.89~2.05(m,6H),3.01(s,3H),3.37(s,2H),3.53~3.63(m,2H),3.79~3.82(m,20H),4.24(t,J=6.40Hz,2H),4.66~5.00(m,8H),5.85(m,1H),7.09~7.27(m,9H).
实施例25、化合物25的制备
季铵盐中间体24-1和25-2的制备参照实施例1。将2.00克中间体24-1和3.02克中间体25-2溶于50毫升乙腈,40℃搅拌12小时,减压蒸干溶剂,残余物经制备色谱分离,得到白色粉末1.07克,即化合物25,产率22.7%。
1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ:1.30(d,J=5.6Hz,3H),1.43~1.65(m,5H),1.61~1.73(m,2H),1.87~2.04(m,6H),3.05(s,3H),3.35(s,2H),3.52~3.65(m,2H),3.79~3.82(m,20H),4.26(t,J=6.40Hz,2H),4.64~5.03(m,7H),5.82(m,1H),7.04~7.25(m,9H).
以下通过试验例来说明本发明的有益效果。
试验例1、
以体重2~3.5公斤的雄性新西兰大白兔为实验动物,进行肌肉松弛实验。具体为:使用丙泊酚乳剂经静脉诱导并维持动物全身麻醉(诱导剂量:10mg/kg,维持剂量:105mg/hr/kg)。实施气管插管并给予呼吸支持。静脉注射2倍ED95等效剂量的对照药物和本专利所述各化合物,使用肌松检测仪(TOF)观察药物的起效(TOF=0)时间和肌松作用的恢复(TOF=90%)时间。结果见表1。
表1药物对兔的肌松作用起效和持续时间
上述结果显示,本发明所述的化合物能够在动物体内快速产生肌肉松弛作用(<40秒),且肌肉松弛的维持时间明显短于顺阿曲库铵,甚至短于琥珀胆碱,上述特点说明本发明所述化合物具备显著的快速起效和快速恢复特点。此外,在给予本发明所述的化合物后,受试动物的TOF1~4是依次逐步减小,而非等比例减小,这种TOF的变化特点说明本发明所述化合物属于典型的非去极化肌肉松弛剂。
Claims (11)
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:所述阴离子为溴离子、氯离子或磺酸根。
3.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:Z1,Z2,Z3为氟原子;a, b, c独自为0~5的整数。
4.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:Z1,Z2,Z3为氯原子;a, b, c独自为0~2的整数。
5.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:Z1,Z2,Z3为硝基;a, b, c独自为0~2的整数。
6.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:Z1,Z2,Z3为溴原子;a, b, c独自为0~2的整数。
7.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:Z1,Z2,Z3为甲氧基;a, b, c独自为0~2的整数。
8.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于:R为H或甲基。
10.权利要求1~9任一项所述的双季胺类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备肌肉松弛药物中的用途。
11.一种肌肉松弛药物,其特征在于:它是以权利要求1~9任一项所述的双季胺类化合物为活性成分,加上药学上可接受的辅料制备而成的制剂。
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Application publication date: 20181102 Assignee: YICHANG HUMANWELL PHARMACEUTICAL Co.,Ltd. Assignor: WEST CHINA HOSPITAL OF SICHUAN University Contract record no.: X2022990000253 Denomination of invention: A class of biquaternary ammonium compounds and their preparation methods and uses Granted publication date: 20210525 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20220610 |