CN108709534B - Shield tunnel structure stress deformation indoor model test device and installation method thereof - Google Patents
Shield tunnel structure stress deformation indoor model test device and installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108709534B CN108709534B CN201810681642.0A CN201810681642A CN108709534B CN 108709534 B CN108709534 B CN 108709534B CN 201810681642 A CN201810681642 A CN 201810681642A CN 108709534 B CN108709534 B CN 108709534B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a device for testing a stress deformation indoor model of a shield tunnel structure and an installation method thereof, wherein a tunnel model is positioned in a model groove, a displacement meter and a strain gauge are arranged on the tunnel model, and the displacement meter and the strain gauge are connected with a data acquisition instrument, so that the longitudinal deformation evolution condition and the transverse deformation evolution condition of the tunnel model after being stressed can be comprehensively monitored in real time; the soil layer is positioned around the tunnel model, and the real soil body properties around the tunnel are restored; the pressure device is positioned on the soil layer and used for simulating the temporary stacking effect of the earth surface; the model test device is designed according to the geometric similarity ratio and the volume weight similarity ratio of the actual tunnel, so that the consistency of the model test device and the prototype tunnel is ensured; under simulated earth surface pile loading, the deformation evolution rule of the shield tunnel structure is obtained by researching the conditions of the opening of the segment structure, dislocation, internal force of a bolt, stress and convergence deformation of the segment; on the basis, the damage degree of the segment under the ground surface load is evaluated, and a reference is provided for actual engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel traffic simulation tests, in particular to a device for a stress deformation indoor model test of a shield tunnel structure under the action of temporary ground surface load.
Background
Under the temporary surface pile load, the model test research of the longitudinal and transverse deformation evolution mechanism of the shield tunnel segment is usually carried out in a soil box type mode, and the model is placed in a test soil medium. The difficulty of acquiring data such as stress and strain in the model test process is high due to the influence of factors such as water content in a rock-soil body; the deformation evolution rule of the shield tunnel structure and the damage degree of the duct piece under the ground surface load cannot be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a model test device which can be used indoors for simulating the stress deformation of a shield tunnel structure under the action of temporary load.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention is that the device for testing the stress deformation indoor model of the shield tunnel structure comprises a model groove, a tunnel model, a soil layer and a pressure device; the tunnel model is positioned in the model groove, a displacement meter and a strain gauge are arranged on the tunnel model, and the displacement meter and the strain gauge are connected with a data acquisition instrument; the soil layer is positioned around the tunnel model; the pressure device is positioned on the surface of the tunnel model soil layer.
Preferably, the tunnel model further comprises a bolt, a duct piece, the displacement meter and a strain gauge, the tunnel is formed by splicing the duct piece and the bolt, the strain gauge is symmetrically distributed in the circumferential inner side and the circumferential outer side of the duct piece in a circumferential direction, and the displacement meter is distributed up and down of the duct piece.
Preferably, the pressure device comprises a pressure gauge, a jack and a pressure plate, wherein the pressure plate is positioned on a soil layer above the tunnel model, the pressure gauge is positioned on the pressure plate, the jack is positioned on the pressure gauge, a reaction frame is arranged above the pressure gauge, and the reaction frame is connected with the top end of the steel frame.
Preferably, the model groove is a box body with an open top and formed by connecting steel plates, rib steel is arranged on one periphery of the steel plates, steel frames are arranged on two side surfaces of the steel plates, and the steel frames are connected with the rib steel.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an installation method of the model test device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a duct piece model; preparing mortar with a certain proportion, and pouring the mortar through a duct piece die to form a duct piece;
(2) Installing a model groove; connecting steel plates with preset sizes into a box body with an opening at the upper end, arranging rib steel around the surfaces of the steel plates, arranging steel frames on two side surfaces, connecting the steel frames with the rib steel, and filling sand into the model grooves;
(3) Installing a tunnel model; the tunnel model is placed in the model groove, displacement meters are distributed at the inner side of the tunnel model duct piece by a central angle of 90 degrees, and strain gauges are symmetrically distributed at the edges of the inner side and the outer side of the duct piece by a central angle of 45 degrees; the strain gauge is arranged on a connecting bolt of a longitudinal joint of the tunnel model and a connecting bolt of a circumferential joint; the strain gauge and the displacement meter are connected with an external data acquisition instrument;
(4) Paving a soil layer; paving a soil layer above the tunnel model;
(5) Installing a pressure device; the middle part directly over the tunnel model sets up the pressurization board, set up the manometer on the pressurization board set up the jack on the manometer, set up the reaction frame in the top of jack, the reaction frame with the top of steelframe is connected.
Compared with the related art, the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that the device for testing the stress deformation indoor model of the shield tunnel structure comprises a model groove, a tunnel model, a soil layer, a pressure device, a strain gauge and a displacement meter; the tunnel model is positioned in the model groove, a displacement meter and a strain gauge are arranged on the tunnel model, and the displacement meter and the strain gauge are connected with a data acquisition instrument; the soil layer is positioned above the tunnel model; the pressure device is positioned on the surface of the soil layer; the device has a simple structure, and the model test device is designed according to the geometric similarity ratio and the volume weight similarity ratio of the model test device and an actual tunnel, so that the consistency of the model test device and a prototype tunnel is ensured; the displacement meter and the strain gauge are arranged in the tunnel model, so that the longitudinal and transverse deformation evolution conditions of the tunnel model after being stressed can be comprehensively monitored in real time; the pressure device is arranged above the tunnel model, so that the application of the tunnel model force is facilitated, and the temporary surface stacking effect can be simulated accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a segment circumferential measurement point according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a tie-bolt station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The device comprises a model groove 1, a tunnel model 2, a duct piece 3, a soil layer 4, a steel frame 5, a counter-force frame 6, a pressure gauge 7, a jack 8, a pressurizing plate 9, a data acquisition instrument 10, rib steel 11, a circumferential joint 12, a longitudinal joint 13, a displacement gauge 14, a strain gauge 15 and a connecting bolt 16.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for testing a stress deformation indoor model of a shield tunnel structure, which includes a model groove 1, a tunnel model 2, a soil layer 4, and a pressure device; the tunnel model 2 is positioned in the model groove 1, a displacement meter 14 and a strain gauge 15 are arranged on the tunnel model 2, the displacement meter 14 and the strain gauge 15 are connected with the data acquisition instrument 10, and the stress data change value of the tunnel model 2 is monitored and acquired comprehensively in real time; the soil layer 4 is positioned above the tunnel model 2; the pressure device is positioned on the soil layer 4, and the pressure device applies force to the tunnel model to simulate temporary surface loading. The geometric similarity ratio, strength, stress, cohesion and elastic modulus similarity ratio of the model test device and an actual tunnel prototype are all 1:10, and the volume weight similarity ratio, poisson ratio, strain and friction angle similarity ratio are all 1:1. The longitudinal and transverse deformation evolution conditions of the tunnel model 2 after being stressed under the temporary surface pile load can be well simulated, and reliable data support is provided for actual tunnel engineering.
Further, the tunnel model 2 comprises a bolt and a plurality of duct pieces 3, the duct pieces 3 are spliced by the bolt 16 to form the multi-ring tunnel model 2, the strain gauges 15 are symmetrically distributed circumferentially on the inner side and the outer side of the periphery of the duct pieces 3, and the displacement meters 14 are distributed up and down of the duct pieces 3.
Further, the adjacent duct pieces 3 in the circumferential direction and the adjacent duct pieces 3 in the longitudinal direction are respectively connected through the circumferential connector 12 and the longitudinal connector 13, and the circumferential connector 12 and the longitudinal connector 13 are connected through the connecting bolts 16.
The inner side of the tunnel model 2 is distributed with displacement meters 14 by a central angle of 90 degrees, strain gauges 15 are symmetrically distributed at the edges of the inner side and the outer side of the duct piece 3 by a central angle of 45 degrees, wherein the number of the displacement meters 4 is 4, the number of the strain gauges 15 is 8, and therefore interfacial internal force of the duct piece 3 is obtained;
further, the pressure device comprises a pressure gauge 7, a jack 8 and a pressurizing plate 9, wherein the pressurizing plate is positioned on the soil layer 4 above the tunnel model 2, the pressure gauge 7 is positioned on the pressurizing plate 9, the jack 8 is positioned on the pressure gauge 7, a reaction frame 6 is arranged above the pressure gauge 7, and the reaction frame 6 is connected with the top end of the steel frame 5. The dimensions of the pressure plate 9 are 80cm by 60cm.
Further, the model groove 1 is a box body with an opening at the top end, wherein the box body is formed by connecting steel plates, rib steel 11 is arranged on one periphery of the steel plates, steel frames 5 are arranged on two side surfaces of the steel plates, and the steel frames 5 are connected with the rib steel 11. The dimensions of the model tank 1 were 2.4m×1.5m×1.8m.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an installation method of the shield tunnel structure stress deformation indoor model test device, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a segment 3 model; preparing mortar with a certain proportion, and pouring the mortar through a duct piece 3 die to form a duct piece 3;
(2) Installing a model groove 1; connecting steel plates with preset sizes into a box body with an opening at the upper end of 2.4mx1.5mx1.8m, arranging rib steel 11 around the surface of the steel plates, arranging steel frames 5 on two side surfaces, connecting the steel frames 5 with the rib steel 11, and filling sand into the model groove 1; the filling thickness of the sand is 50cm, and the solid density of the sand is calibrated and controlled by a rain screening method;
(3) Installing a tunnel model 2; the duct pieces 3 are spliced through bolts to form a multi-ring tunnel model 2;
specifically, displacement meters 14 are distributed at the center angle of 90 degrees on the inner side of the segment 3 of the tunnel model 2, strain gauges 15 are symmetrically distributed at the edges of the inner side and the outer side of the segment 3 at the center angle of 45 degrees, wherein the number of the displacement meters 4 is 4, the number of the strain gauges 15 is 8, and therefore interfacial internal force of the segment 3 is obtained; the strain gauge 15 and the displacement meter 14 are connected with the external data acquisition instrument 10; the longitudinal and transverse deformation evolution conditions of the tunnel model 2 after being stressed are monitored and collected in real time;
(4) Paving a soil layer 4; paving a soil layer 4 above the tunnel model 2; the thickness of the soil layer 4 is 50cm of fine sand, and the solid density of the sand is calibrated and controlled by a rain screening method;
(5) Installing a pressure device; the middle part directly over tunnel model 2 sets up pressurization board 9, and the size of pressurization board 9 is 80cm x 60cm, set up manometer 7 on the pressurization board 9 set up jack 8 on the manometer 7, set up reaction frame 6 in the top of jack 8, reaction frame 6 with the top of steelframe 5 is connected. The reaction frame 6 is arranged to facilitate the application of force, and the longitudinal and transverse deformation evolution conditions of the shield tunnel segment 3 under the temporary pile loading of the earth surface can be more accurately simulated.
According to the indoor model test device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the deformation evolution rule of the shield tunnel structure is obtained by researching the opening, staggered platform, bolt internal force, the stress and convergence deformation of the segment 3 under the ground surface pile load. On the basis, the damage degree of the segment 3 under the ground surface load is evaluated, and a reference is provided for actual engineering.
In this document, terms such as front, rear, upper, lower, etc. are defined with respect to the positions of the components in the drawings and with respect to each other, for clarity and convenience in expressing the technical solution. It should be understood that the use of such orientation terms should not limit the scope of the protection sought herein.
The embodiments described above and features of the embodiments herein may be combined with each other without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The method is characterized in that the method is used for the device for the test of the stress deformation indoor model of the shield tunnel structure, and the device comprises a model groove, a tunnel model, a soil layer, a pressure device, a displacement meter and a strain gauge; the tunnel model is positioned in the model groove, a displacement meter and a strain gauge are arranged on the tunnel model, and the displacement meter and the strain gauge are connected with a data acquisition instrument; the soil layer is positioned around the tunnel model; the pressure device is positioned on the soil layer;
the tunnel model comprises a plurality of duct pieces, wherein the duct pieces are connected through bolts and assembled to form a multi-ring tunnel model; the strain gauges are symmetrically distributed on the inner side and the outer side of the periphery of the duct piece in a circumferential direction, and the displacement meters are distributed on the periphery of the duct piece;
the tunnel model consists of multiple ring segments, and the number of the segments is determined according to the actual simulated tunnel length; the inner side of the duct piece is 90 degrees o Is 45 to the circle center angle distribution displacement meter o The central angles of the ring pipe pieces are symmetrically distributed on the edges of the inner side and the outer side of the ring pipe pieces, wherein the number of displacement meters is 4, and the number of the strain pieces is 8; the strain gauge is arranged on a connecting bolt of a longitudinal joint of the tunnel model and a connecting bolt of a circumferential joint;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a duct piece model; preparing mortar with a certain proportion, adopting iron wires to manufacture a steel reinforcement cage, and casting through a duct piece die to form a duct piece;
(2) Installing a model groove; connecting steel plates with preset sizes into a box body with an opening at the upper end, arranging rib steel around the surfaces of the steel plates, arranging steel frames on two side surfaces, connecting the steel frames with the rib steel, and filling sand into the model grooves; the solid density of the sand is calibrated and controlled by a rain sieving method;
(3) Installing a tunnel model; a tunnel model is formed by splicing segments, and the tunnel model is arranged in the model groove;
(4) Paving a soil layer; paving sand around the tunnel model; the solid density of the sand is calibrated and controlled by a rain sieving method;
(5) Installing a pressure device; a pressurizing plate is arranged in the middle of the tunnel model right above the tunnel model, a pressure gauge is arranged on the pressurizing plate, a jack is arranged on the pressure gauge, a reaction frame is arranged above the jack, and the reaction frame is connected with the top end of the steel frame;
in the step (3), the tunnel model has a multi-ring structureAt the inner side of the tunnel model pipe sheet by 90 o Is 45 to the circle center angle distribution displacement meter o Strain gauges are symmetrically distributed on the edges of the inner side and the outer side of the duct piece at the central angles of the duct piece; the strain gauge is arranged on a connecting bolt of a longitudinal joint of the tunnel model and a connecting bolt of a circumferential joint; the strain gauge and the displacement meter are connected with an external data acquisition instrument.
2. The method for installing the model test device in the stress deformation chamber of the shield tunnel structure according to claim 1, wherein the model groove is a box body with an open top and formed by connecting steel plates, rib steel is arranged on one periphery of the steel plates, steel frames are arranged on two side surfaces of the steel plates, and the steel frames are connected with the rib steel.
3. The method for installing a model test device in a stress deformation chamber of a shield tunnel structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the size of the model groove is 2.4m x 1.5m x 1.8m.
4. The method for installing the shield tunnel structure stress deformation indoor model test device according to claim 2, wherein the pressure device comprises a pressure gauge, a jack and a pressurizing plate, the pressurizing plate is located on a soil layer above the tunnel model, the pressure gauge is located on the pressurizing plate, the jack is located on the pressure gauge, a reaction frame is arranged above the pressure gauge, and the reaction frame is connected with the top end of the steel frame.
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