CN108707260A - 用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物及其制备方法,该制备方法包括:1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂和水进行接触反应,接着过滤取滤饼干燥以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;2)将改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐、碱、尿素和乙醇进行溶剂热反应,接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气的存在下进行煅烧以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;3)将复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物进行混合以制得用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物。通过该方法制得的改性组合物能够极大程度地改善密封圈抗热收缩性能,同时该制备方法具有工序简单和原料易得的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及密封圈,具体地,涉及一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
密封件一般由动环、静环和密封圈组成;其中密封圈对于密封件的密封效果起着至关重要的作用。密封圈一般要满足以下条件:富有弹性和回弹性;适当的机械强度,包括扩张强度、伸长率和抗撕裂强度等;能稳定,在介质中不易溶胀,热收缩效应(焦耳效应)小;易加工成型,并能保持精密的尺寸;不腐蚀接触面,不污染介质等。
目前,密封件按照材料划分,可以分为NBR丁腈橡胶密封圈、HNBR氢化丁腈橡胶密封圈、FLS氟硅橡胶密封圈、CR氯丁橡胶密封圈等,虽然上述密封件基本能够满足生产需求,但是在某些特定的环境中密封件的抗热收缩的性能难以满足生产要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物及其制备方法,通过该方法制得的改性组合物能够极大程度地改善密封圈抗热收缩性能,同时该制备方法具有工序简单和原料易得的优点。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物的制备方法,该制备方法包括:
1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂和水进行接触反应,接着过滤取滤饼干燥以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;
2)将改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐、碱、尿素和乙醇进行溶剂热反应,接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气的存在下进行煅烧以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;
3)将复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物进行混合以制得用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物。
本发明还提供了一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物,该用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物通过上述的制备方法制备而得。
在上述技术方案中,本发明首先通过硅烷偶联剂在聚酰胺纤维的表面形成环糊精包覆层,接着通过溶剂热反应在环糊精包覆层的表面形成纳米氢氧化钴以得到复合聚酰胺纤维,最后通过复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物的组合使得该组合物能够改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能;同时该制备方法具有工序简单和原料易得的优点。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限制本发明。
本发明提供了一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物的制备方法,该制备方法包括:
1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂和水进行接触反应,接着过滤取滤饼干燥以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;
2)将改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐、碱、尿素和乙醇进行溶剂热反应,接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气的存在下进行煅烧以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;
3)将复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物进行混合以制得用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物。
在本发明的步骤1)中,各物料的用量可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,在步骤1)中,聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂和水的重量比为30:10-15:5-10:150-300。
在本发明的步骤1)中,接触反应的条件可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,在步骤1)中,所述接触反应满足以下以下条件:反应温度为65-80℃,反应时间为3-5h。
在本发明的步骤1)中,干燥的条件可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,在步骤1)中,干燥满足以下条件:干燥温度为100-120℃,干燥时间为4-6h。
在本发明的步骤2)中,各物料的用量可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,在步骤2)中,改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐、碱、尿素和乙醇的重量比为50:10-14:30-60:15-20:150-300。
在本发明的步骤2)中,溶剂热反应的条件可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,在步骤2)中,溶剂热反应满足以下以下条件:反应温度为120-140℃,反应时间为8-16h。
在本发明的步骤2)中,煅烧的条件可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,在步骤2)中,煅烧满足以下以下条件:自15-30℃以4.5-5℃/min升温至280-300℃并保温30-50min,接着以1.5-2℃/min降温至220-250℃并保温1.5-2h,最后自然冷却至15-30℃。
在本发明的步骤3)中,各物料的用量可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,在步骤3)中,复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物的重量比为30:8-15:35-45:3-5:15-20。
在本发明中,硅烷偶联剂的种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧乙氧基)硅烷)中的至少一者。
在本发明中,钴盐的种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,钴盐为六水合硝酸钴、六水合氯化钴和七水合硫酸钴。
在本发明中,碱的种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和氨水中的至少一者。
本发明中,保护气的种类可以在宽的范围内选择,但是为了使该改性组合物能够进一步改善密封圈的抗热收缩性能,优选地,保护气选自氦气、氮气、氩气中的至少一者。
本发明还提供了一种用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物,该用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物通过上述的制备方法制备而得。
以下将通过实施例对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例1
1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂(乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷)和水按照30:13:8:180的重量比进行接触反应(反应温度为70℃,反应时间为4h),接着过滤取滤饼干燥(干燥温度为110℃,干燥时间为5h)以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;
2)将所述改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐(六水合硝酸钴)、碱(氢氧化钠)、尿素和乙醇按照50:12:40:18:200的重量比进行溶剂热反应(反应温度为130℃,反应时间为12h),接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气(氦气)的存在下进行煅烧(自18℃以4.8℃/min升温至290℃并保温340min,接着以1.8℃/min降温至230℃并保温1.8h,最后自然冷却至20℃)以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;
3)将复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物(氧化钐)按照30:12:40:4:18的重量比进行混合以制得用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物A1。
实施例2
1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂(乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷)和水按照30:10:5:150的重量比进行接触反应(反应温度为65℃,反应时间为3h),接着过滤取滤饼干燥(干燥温度为100℃,干燥时间为6h)以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;
2)将所述改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐(六水合氯化钴)、碱(氢氧化钾)、尿素和乙醇按照50:10:30:15:150的重量比进行溶剂热反应(反应温度为120℃,反应时间为16h),接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气(氮气)的存在下进行煅烧(自15℃以4.5℃/min升温至280℃并保温30min,接着以1.5℃/min降温至220℃并保温1.5h,最后自然冷却至15℃)以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;
3)将复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物(氧化钇)按照30:8:35:3:15的重量比进行混合以制得用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物A2。
实施例3
1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂(乙烯基三(β-甲氧乙氧基)硅烷))和水按照30:15:10:300的重量比进行接触反应(反应温度为80℃,反应时间为3h),接着过滤取滤饼干燥(干燥温度为120℃,干燥时间为4h)以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;
2)将所述改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐(七水合硫酸钴)、碱(氨水)、尿素和乙醇按照50:14:60:20:300的重量比进行溶剂热反应(反应温度为140℃,反应时间为8h),接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气(氩气)的存在下进行煅烧(自30℃以5℃/min升温至300℃并保温50min,接着以2℃/min降温至250℃并保温2h,最后自然冷却至30℃)以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;
3)将复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物(氧化镝)按照30:15:45:5:20的重量比进行混合以制得用于抗热收缩密封圈的改性组合物A3。
对比例1
按照实施例1的方法进行制得改性组合物B1,不同的是,步骤1)中未使用环糊精。
对比例2
按照实施例1的方法进行制得改性组合物B2,不同的是,步骤2)中未使用钴盐。
对比例3
按照实施例1的方法进行制得改性组合物B5,不同的是,步骤2)中煅烧均是在280-300℃下进行。
对比例4
按照实施例1的方法进行制得改性组合物B5,不同的是,步骤2)中煅烧均是在220-250℃下进行。
应用例1
将丁苯橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、氟橡胶、滑石粉、硼酸锌、白炭黑、白油、氢氧化铝、上述改性组合物按照50:26:35:20:7:8:65:16:22的重量比进行混炼50min,接着进行挤出成型以制得密封圈;其中对照组中未添加改性组合物;然后检测密封圈的体积1,接着将上述密封圈于200℃下放置10h,接着计算密封圈的200℃下的体积2,最后计算热收缩率,热收缩率=(体积1-体积2)/体积1×100%;具体结果见表1。
表1
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式,但是,本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本发明的技术构思范围内,可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外,本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本发明的思想,其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗热收缩密封圈的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括:
1)将聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂和水进行接触反应,接着过滤取滤饼干燥以制得改性聚酰胺纤维;
2)将所述改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐、碱、尿素和乙醇进行溶剂热反应,接着过滤取滤饼,最后在保护气的存在下进行煅烧以制得复合聚酰胺纤维;
3)将所述复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物进行混合以制得改性组合物;
4)将丁苯橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、氟橡胶、滑石粉、硼酸锌、白炭黑、白油、氢氧化铝、所述改性组合物混炼、成型以制得所述抗热收缩密封圈。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤1)中,所述聚酰胺纤维、环糊精、硅烷偶联剂和水的重量比为30:10-15:5-10:150-300。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤1)中,所述接触反应满足以下以下条件:反应温度为65-80℃,反应时间为3-5h;
优选地,所述干燥满足以下条件:干燥温度为100-120℃,干燥时间为4-6h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤2)中,所述改性聚酰胺纤维、钴盐、碱、尿素和乙醇的重量比为50:10-14:30-60:15-20:150-300。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤2)中,所述溶剂热反应满足以下以下条件:反应温度为120-140℃,反应时间为8-16h。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤2)中,所述煅烧满足以下以下条件:自15-30℃以4.5-5℃/mim升温至280-300℃并保温30-50min,接着以1.5-2℃/min降温至220-250℃并保温1.5-2h,最后自然冷却至15-30℃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤3)中,所述复合聚酰胺纤维、贝壳粉、凹凸棒土、硫酸钡晶须、稀土氧化物的重量比为30:8-15:35-45:3-5:15-20。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三(β-甲氧乙氧基)硅烷)中的至少一者;
优选地,所述钴盐为六水合硝酸钴、六水合氯化钴和七水合硫酸钴;
更优选地,所述碱选自氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和氨水中的至少一者;
进一步优选地,所述保护气选自氦气、氮气、氩气中的至少一者;
更进一步优选地,所述稀土氧化物选自氧化钐、氧化钇、氧化铕和氧化镝中的至少一者。
9.根据权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的制备方法,其中,在步骤4)中,所述丁苯橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、氟橡胶、滑石粉、硼酸锌、白炭黑、白油、氢氧化铝、改性组合物的重量比为50:22-28:30-40:18-23:6-9:3-10:60-70:12-18:18-25;
优选地,所述混炼的时间为40-60min。
10.一种抗热收缩密封圈,其特征在于,所述抗热收缩密封圈通过权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的制备方法制备而得。
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Application publication date: 20181026 |