CN1087066A - 高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃 - Google Patents
高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1087066A CN1087066A CN 92102914 CN92102914A CN1087066A CN 1087066 A CN1087066 A CN 1087066A CN 92102914 CN92102914 CN 92102914 CN 92102914 A CN92102914 A CN 92102914A CN 1087066 A CN1087066 A CN 1087066A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- oxide compound
- fast flash
- density
- former
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910005793 GeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)O[Pb]O[N+]([O-])=O RLJMLMKIBZAXJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(ii,iv) oxide Chemical compound O1[Pb]O[Pb]11O[Pb]O1 XMFOQHDPRMAJNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003471 anti-radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005383 fluoride glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005433 particle physics related processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/12—Silica-free oxide glass compositions
- C03C3/122—Silica-free oxide glass compositions containing oxides of As, Sb, Bi, Mo, W, V, Te as glass formers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/12—Compositions for glass with special properties for luminescent glass; for fluorescent glass
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
“高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃”是一种快
速闪烁材料,它是以含Pb2+,Bi3+离子氧化物为主要
成分,加入玻璃形成体氧化物组成。该玻璃的密度值
可达7.5~8.1g/cm3,用Co60作辐照源,在106rad
辐照剂量辐照下,辐照前后玻璃透过率变化为零。玻
璃受激后产生荧光,发射峰波长为395~650nm,荧
光衰退时间小于50ns。这种玻璃制造简单,成本低,
可用作高能物理实验探测器闪烁材料及正电子发射
X线断层照相机的闪光材料,也可用于核科学、医学
模拟方面的探测材料。
Description
本发明涉及一种高密度、耐辐照的闪烁无机材料,适用于高能物理探测器,也可用作正电子发射X线断层照相机,医学模拟方面的闪烁材料。
在高能物理实验和正电子发射X线断层照相机等方面,对高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁材料总是有着特别的兴趣。许多目前和下一代粒子物理实验需要应用在高辐射环境中的探测器。目前,这种探测器的设计者正求助于闪烁材料去满足物理实验要求。这些要求包括:(1)材料应具有高的密度值,密度愈大,材料对射线的截止本领愈大,辐射长度X。和莫来尔(Moliere)半径愈小。小的莫来尔半径可以减少两个相邻光讯号之间的重叠或污染,便于“辩认”。小的辐射长度可使探测器做成小体积,从而降低成本。(2)能耐辐照:大部分无机材料(包括无机晶体和玻璃)在x、r、α和β等射线的辐照下,将引起色泽和透明度的下降,使发出的荧光不能透过或被材料本身吸收,甚至造成材料结构缺陷。(3)短的荧光衰退时间:电子从高能级向低能级退激时,将发出光讯号,为了避免光讯号之间的污染,要求进行快速探测,快速探测要求快速闪烁,即短的衰退时间。(4)在可见或近紫外区激发:根据波长与能量的关系,发射波长总是大于激发波长,因此,在可见或近紫外区激发就能保证荧光发射波长在300nm以上,使光讯号与光电二极管相匹配。(5)低的成本:新一代加速器要求探测器闪烁材料成本≤2美元/cm3。
无机闪烁材料主要是晶体,早期使用的晶体闪烁材料是NaI(TL),其密度为3.67g/cm3,荧光衰退时间为230ns。近几年开发并被认为可用于高能物理实验的较有希望的晶体有CeF3、YAP(ce)、GSO(ce)、ThF4和PbF2等。这些晶体的性能不能完全满足高能物理实验的要求,各项性能列于表1,而且晶体制备工艺复杂,成本高。
玻璃作为闪烁材料较早的有由Li+激活Ce3+的硅酸盐玻璃,但这种玻璃密度值低(~2.5g/cm3),荧光衰退时间慢(~100μs)。氟化物玻璃是近几年受到重视的一类闪烁材料,密度值5.95~6.75g/cm3,在105rad C60 0射线辐照下透过率降低8.9%,制备须在还原气氛下进行,难于控制。
本发明目的旨在提供一种具有高密度值,荧光发射波长在可见区范围内,荧光衰退时间短,能抵抗高能射线辐照,成本低,制备方法简单的快速闪烁无机玻璃。
本发明是以PbO,Bi2O3为主要成份,加入玻璃形成体氧化物组成,各成份含量(重量%)为:PbO 17~80%,Bi2O320~75%,余量为玻璃形成体氧化物;本发明或者是由PbO与玻璃形成体氧化物组成,其中PbO含量(重量%)为70~95%,余量为玻璃形成体氧化物;本发明或者由Bi2O3与玻璃形成体氧化物组成,其中Bi2O3含量(重量%)为70~95%,余量为玻璃形成体氧化物。
由于以含Pb2+,Bi3+离子氧化物构成玻璃的主要成份,赋于了玻璃材料的高密度,使得本发明的材料防射线能力增强,具有抗辐照性,而且Pb2+,Bi3+离子又是发光物质,这些离子能级中电子受到激发而跃迁(6S→6P),当退激时一部分能量以荧光发出,由于玻璃体系中结构效应,使得6S与6P轨道能级差很小,所以荧光衰退时间短,此外,Pb2+,Bi3+离子积聚作用虽强,但在玻璃组成中加入了玻璃形成体氧化物,可降低析晶倾向。
上述的PbO可以由分析纯一氧化铅,也可以由分析纯四氧化三铅或分析纯硝酸铅引入,Bi2O3由分析纯氧化铋引入,玻璃形成体氧化物可以是B2O3或SiO2或P2O5或GeO2中的任一种或几种合用。构成本发明各成份含量举例如下:
本发明如以PbO,Bi2O3为主要成份,以B2O3为玻璃形成体氧化物组成,其各成份含量(重量%)为:
PbO 17~80%
Bi2O320~75%
B2O31.5~15%
本发明如以PbO,Bi2O3为主要成份,以B2O3,SiO2为玻璃形成体氧化物组成,其各成份含量(重量%)为:
PbO 17~80%
Bi2O320~75%
B2O31.5~15%
SiO21.0~5.0%
优选含量(重量%)为:
PbO 50%~70%
Bi2O325~60%
B2O33~8%
SiO21~3%
高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃的制备方法是:根据上述组成范围,精确计算各氧化物相应原料含量,将称量的各种原料置于玛瑙研钵中研磨3~5分钟,过120目筛,全部原料通过120目筛网后,进行人工混合制得均匀的配合料。将制得的配合料置于预热到800℃的刚玉坩埚或石英坩埚或铂金坩埚内后,随即升温到810℃~840℃,保温10~30分钟,炉内气氛为氧化气氛。将熔制好的玻璃液浇注到预热温度为200℃的铁模或石墨模中成型,将成型后的玻璃置于加热到320℃的马弗炉内退火,在该温度下保温30分钟后,让玻璃随炉自然冷却到室温。
本发明具体实施例:
PbO | Bi2O3 | B2O3 | SiO2 | |
重量% | 64.49 | 31.08 | 3.10 | 1.33 |
制备方法同上述。工艺条件:熔制温度820℃,保温20分钟,氧化气氛,其各项性能见表2。
本发明的高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃其密度值可达7.5~8.1g/cm3,用C60 0作辐照源,在106rad辐照剂量辐照下,玻璃的透过率降低百分数为零,即辐照前后的透过率不变化,荧光衰退时间小于50ns,荧光发射峰波长为395~650nm,成本低。
Claims (9)
1、一种高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于由PbO,Bi2O3和玻璃形成体氧化物组成,各成份含量(重量%)为:
PbO 17~80%
Bi2O320~75%
余量为玻璃形成体氧化物。
2、按权利要求1所述的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于玻璃形成体氧化物是B2O3,其含量(重量%)为1.5~15%。
3、按权利要求1所述的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于玻璃形成体氧化物是B2O3与SiO2,含量(重量%)分别为:B2O31.5~15%,SiO21.0~5.0%。
4、按权利要求1所述的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于玻璃形成体氧化物是B2O3,SiO2各成份含量(重量%)为:
PbO 50~70% Bi2O325~60%
B2O33~8% SiO21~3%
5、按权利要求1所述的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于所说的PbO由分析纯一氧化铅或分析纯四氧化三铅或分析纯硝酸铅引入,Bi2O3,由分析纯氧化铋引入,玻璃形成体氧化物是B2O3或SiO2或P2O5或GeO2中的任一种或几种合用。
6、一种高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于由PbO与玻璃形成体氧化物组成,其中PbO含量(重量%)为70~95%,余量为玻璃形成体氧化物。
7、按权利要求6所述的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于所说的PbO由分析纯一氧化铅或分析纯四氧化三铅或分析纯硝酸铅引入,玻璃形成体氧化物是B2O3或SiO2或P2O5或GeO2中的任一种或几种合用。
8、一种高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于由Bi2O3与玻璃形成体氧化物组成,其中Bi2O3含量(重量%)为:70~95%,余量为玻璃形成氧化物。
9、按权利要求8所述的快速闪烁无机玻璃,其特征在于Bi2O3由分析纯氧化铋引入,玻璃形成体氧化物是B2O3或SiO2或P2O5或GeO2中的任一种或几种合用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 92102914 CN1087066A (zh) | 1992-11-17 | 1992-11-17 | 高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN 92102914 CN1087066A (zh) | 1992-11-17 | 1992-11-17 | 高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1087066A true CN1087066A (zh) | 1994-05-25 |
Family
ID=4939928
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN 92102914 Pending CN1087066A (zh) | 1992-11-17 | 1992-11-17 | 高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN1087066A (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100336754C (zh) * | 2004-09-21 | 2007-09-12 | 同济大学 | 有机掺杂铅锡氟磷酸盐闪烁玻璃及其制备方法 |
CN100526244C (zh) * | 2006-08-09 | 2009-08-12 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | 一种热中子探测用玻璃闪烁体及其制备方法 |
-
1992
- 1992-11-17 CN CN 92102914 patent/CN1087066A/zh active Pending
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100336754C (zh) * | 2004-09-21 | 2007-09-12 | 同济大学 | 有机掺杂铅锡氟磷酸盐闪烁玻璃及其制备方法 |
CN100526244C (zh) * | 2006-08-09 | 2009-08-12 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | 一种热中子探测用玻璃闪烁体及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Abdelghany et al. | Transparent alumino lithium borate glass-ceramics: synthesis, structure and gamma-ray shielding attitude | |
Chen et al. | Influences of Er3+ content on structure and upconversion emission of oxyfluoride glass ceramics containing CaF2 nanocrystals | |
Marzouk et al. | Ultraviolet, visible, ESR, and infrared spectroscopic studies of CeO2-doped lithium phosphate glasses and effect of gamma irradiation | |
Shaaban et al. | Gamma-ray shielding and mechanical characteristics of iron-doped lead phosphosilicate glasses | |
Ghoneim et al. | Shielding behavior of V2O5 doped lead borate glasses towards gamma irradiation | |
CN1079783C (zh) | 透明玻璃陶瓷和含有该玻璃陶瓷的光学纤维波导管 | |
DE69306965T2 (de) | Neue glaszusammensetzungen | |
Takenaga et al. | A new phosphor Li2B4O7: Cu for TLD | |
Al-Harbi et al. | Understanding the role of Bi 2 O 3 in the P 2 O 5–CaO–Na 2 O–K 2 O glass system in terms of physical, structural and radiation shielding properties | |
Marzouk et al. | Photoluminescence and spectroscopic dependence of fluorophosphate glasses on samarium ions concentration and the induced defects by gamma irradiation | |
CN108609848B (zh) | 一种超高密度硼锗碲酸盐闪烁玻璃及其制备方法 | |
Cornejo | Luminescence in rare earth ion‐doped oxide compounds | |
Alzahrani et al. | Synthesis and properties of tellurite based glasses containing Na2O, BaO, and TiO2: Raman, UV and neutron/charged particle shielding assessments | |
Alfryyan et al. | Optical features and radiation absorption efficiency of borate glasses and the role of PbO/Eu2O3 substitution | |
Środa et al. | The effect of lithium fluoride on the thermal stability and thermoluminescence properties of borosilicate glass and glass-ceramics | |
Huang et al. | Effect of BaF2 and CaF2 on properties of Tb3+-doped yellow phosphorus slag luminescent glass-ceramics | |
CN110451798B (zh) | 一种二价铕激活锂硼酸盐闪烁玻璃及其制备方法 | |
CN1087066A (zh) | 高密度、耐辐照的快速闪烁无机玻璃 | |
El Batal | Gamma ray interaction with sodium phosphate glasses containing MoO3 | |
Barta et al. | Composition optimization of scintillating rare-earth nanocrystals in oxide glass–ceramics for radiation spectroscopy | |
JPH09208255A (ja) | 放射線遮蔽ガラス | |
US3855144A (en) | Luminescent device, process, composition, and article | |
Shinozaki et al. | Scintillation property and highly efficient photoluminescence of cerium-doped BaF2–Al2O3–B2O3 glass for thermal neutron detection | |
Nishikawa et al. | Optical and scintillation properties of the Eu2O3-doped HfO2-Al2O3–SiO2 glass ceramics | |
CN1087884A (zh) | 含稀土添加剂,稳定的卤化镉玻璃 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |