CN108698860A - The processing method of high rigidity draining - Google Patents
The processing method of high rigidity draining Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108698860A CN108698860A CN201780011376.4A CN201780011376A CN108698860A CN 108698860 A CN108698860 A CN 108698860A CN 201780011376 A CN201780011376 A CN 201780011376A CN 108698860 A CN108698860 A CN 108698860A
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- Prior art keywords
- high rigidity
- draining
- mentioned
- membrane
- processing method
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 145
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical group C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 25
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006387 Vinylite Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004425 Makrolon Substances 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005102 attenuated total reflection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011071 total organic carbon measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
- B01D21/01—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation using flocculating agents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/01—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with flat filtering elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/16—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
- B01D65/06—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration with special washing compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The processing method of high rigidity draining involved by the mode of the present invention is, the high rigidity processing method that drains of the calcium hardness 100 or more, and the processing method of high rigidity draining includes:The process that flocculating agent is added in being drained to above-mentioned high rigidity;The process that the high rigidity draining after process carries out coarse filtration is added to above-mentioned flocculating agent using filter;The process that membrane filtration is carried out to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned coarse filtration process using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane;And the net process of backwash is carried out to above-mentioned microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane using acid water.Preferably, above-mentioned flocculating agent is aluminium polychloride.Preferably, above-mentioned acid water contains hydrochloric acid or citric acid.Preferably, further include the process that film process is carried out to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned membrane filtration using reverse osmosis membrane.Preferably, above-mentioned filter is anthracite.Preferably, above-mentioned high rigidity draining is to have carried out the sewage of biological treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing methods of high rigidity draining.This application claims what is submitted based on March 14th, 2016
The priority that Japanese publication the 2016-049605th, and quote the full content recorded in above-mentioned Japanese publication.
Background technology
Processing method as draining, it is known that after having carried out the single treatments such as biological treatment, utilize ultrafiltration membrane or micro-
The method that filter membrane is filtered draining.It is filtered by using ultrafiltration membrane or microfiltration membranes, is removed so as to almost all
The suspended matters such as the organic matter in draining.However, the smaller filter membrane of such opening diameter can be easier to block and cause to handle energy
Power declines, therefore restores processing capacity sometimes for carrying out reversely being passed through the backwash of washing water only.
Also there is draining with high hardness among draining.When being filtered to draining with high hardness using ultrafiltration membrane or microfiltration membranes,
There are following unfavorable conditions, that is, magnesium, calcium is precipitated on the surface of these filter membranes, and then encourages the blocking of filter membrane.Here, making
Method to handle the draining of high rigidity utilizes ultrafiltration after proposition is precipitated the metal being dissolved in the water by adding alkali
The method that film is filtered (with reference to Japanese Patent Publication 6-72691 bulletins).
Citation
Patent document
Patent document 1:Japanese Patent Publication 6-72691 bulletins
In processing method disclosed in above-mentioned bulletin, the metal being precipitated by the addition of alkali is isolated using filter membrane,
Therefore the crushing of filter membrane can increase in the short period, to need continually to implement cleaning for filter membrane.Especially deposit in water
In the case of organic matter, it is possible to which the metal being precipitated by the addition of alkali mixes organic matter and generates suspended matter, to help
The blocking of long filter membrane.
In general, for the filter membrane for being attached to organic matter regenerates, cleaned using the alkalinity of dissolvable protein etc.
Liquid is advantageously.However, when the filter membrane handled high rigidity draining is passed through the detergent remover of alkalinity, the gold in draining sometimes
Category can further be precipitated, and lead to the problem of filter membrane blocking instead.
Invention content
The method used for solving the problem
The processing method of high rigidity draining involved by the mode of the present invention is high rigidity of the calcium hardness 100 or more
The processing method of draining, the processing method that the high rigidity drains include:The work of flocculating agent is added in being drained to above-mentioned high rigidity
Sequence;The process that the high rigidity draining after process carries out coarse filtration is added to above-mentioned flocculating agent using filter;Using microfiltration membranes or
The process that ultrafiltration membrane carries out membrane filtration to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned coarse filtration process;And using acid water to above-mentioned micro-filtration
Film or ultrafiltration membrane carry out the net process of backwash.
Invention effect
The processing method of high rigidity draining involved by the mode of the present invention relatively easily realizes cleaning for filter membrane.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the drainage sunk well dress used in the processing method for the high rigidity draining for indicating one embodiment of the present invention
The ideograph for the composition set.
Fig. 2 is to indicate used in the processing method of high rigidity draining of the embodiment different from Fig. 1 of the present invention
The ideograph of the composition of drain treatment apparatus.
Fig. 3 is the curve graph for the change in flow for indicating the microfiltration membranes everywhere in the processing method of high rigidity draining in reason example.
Fig. 4 is the curve graph of the change in flow of the microfiltration membranes in the processing example 8 for the processing method for indicating high rigidity draining.
Specific implementation mode
[Disclosure Ke Ti ] to be solved;
Problem of the present invention is that providing a kind of processing side of clean high rigidity draining that relatively easily realizing filter membrane
Method.
[Fa Mingxiaoguo ]
The processing method of the high rigidity draining of the present invention is relatively easily to realize cleaning for filter membrane.
[The ] of embodiments of the present invention;
The processing method of high rigidity draining involved by the mode of the present invention is high rigidity of the calcium hardness 100 or more
The processing method of draining, the processing method that the high rigidity drains include:The work of flocculating agent is added in being drained to above-mentioned high rigidity
Sequence;The process that the high rigidity draining after process carries out coarse filtration is added to above-mentioned flocculating agent using filter;Using microfiltration membranes or
The process that ultrafiltration membrane carries out membrane filtration to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned coarse filtration process;And using acid water to above-mentioned micro-filtration
Film or ultrafiltration membrane carry out the net process of backwash.
The processing method of high rigidity draining, before the membrane filtration process using above-mentioned microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane, including:
The coarse filtration process that the flocculating agent addition process of organic matter cohesion in making high rigidity drain is detached with the organic matter for making to have agglomerated,
To make organic matter be not easy to be attached on above-mentioned filter membrane.Therefore, the processing method as high rigidity draining, mainly in mistake
Adhesion metal or metallic compound on filter membrane, therefore in the net process of backwash filter membrane can be relatively easily removed using acid water
Attachment.That is, the processing method of high rigidity draining relatively easily realizes cleaning for filter membrane.
Preferably, above-mentioned flocculating agent is aluminium polychloride.In this way in the processing method of high rigidity draining, above-mentioned cohesion
Agent is aluminium polychloride, so as to relatively inexpensively and reliably by organic matter agglomeration separation, inhibit organic matter to microfiltration membranes or surpass
The attachment of filter membrane, thus, it is possible to improve the clean effect of microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane realized by acid.
Preferably, above-mentioned acid water contains hydrochloric acid or citric acid.It is above-mentioned in the processing method of such high rigidity draining
Acid water contains hydrochloric acid or citric acid, so as to compared with cheap and the reliably net microfiltration membranes of backwash or ultrafiltration membrane, and be difficult to
Calcium etc. in high rigidity draining in conjunction with and generate precipitate.
Preferably, above-mentioned lautertuns is carried out using the filter for retaining 1 μm of particle diameter.The processing side of high rigidity draining
In method, using the filter for retaining 1 μm of particle diameter, to inhibit the precipitation on filter membrane, and then the clean frequency of filter membrane is reduced
Rate.
Preferably, above-mentioned lautertuns is carried out using effective diameter in 0.4mm or more 0.7mm filters below.The height is hard
It spends in the processing method of draining, using effective diameter in 0.4mm or more 0.7mm filters below, to relatively low in dirt hardness
In the case of than filtering priority processing amount, can more increase treating capacity.
Preferably, further include the process that film process is carried out to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned membrane filtration using reverse osmosis membrane.
In the processing method of such high rigidity draining, further include using reverse osmosis membrane to the high rigidity after above-mentioned membrane filtration drain into
The process of row film process, it is miscellaneous thus, it is possible to obtain to remove the metal ion etc. dissolved in the draining of the high rigidity after membrane filtration
The water that matter is less and utility value is high.
Preferably, the particle for forming above-mentioned particle layer is anthracite.In this way, in the processing method of high rigidity draining, shape
Particle at above-mentioned particle layer is anthracite, has agglomerated organic matter so as to more inexpensively be formed expeditiously to capture
The particle layer of flocculate.
Preferably, above-mentioned high rigidity draining is to have carried out the sewage of biological treatment.In this way, the processing side of high rigidity draining
In method, above-mentioned high rigidity draining is has carried out the sewage of biological treatment, in the region with high hardness of upper water, can relatively hold
Obtain easily and steadily the water such as upper water, industrial water.
Here, in this application, " calcium hardness " refers to, the value measured based on JIS-K0101 (1998).In addition, " micro-
Filter membrane " refers to, the average diameter of emptying aperture is more than 0.1 μm and 10 μm of filter membranes below, " ultrafiltration membrane " refer to that the average diameter of emptying aperture is super
It crosses 0.002 μm and 0.1 μm of filter membrane below, " reverse osmosis membrane " refers to, the average diameter of emptying aperture is in 2nm filter membranes below.Separately
Outside, the average diameter of emptying aperture refers to the average diameter of the emptying aperture on the surface of filter membrane, and can pass through pore diameter distribution measuring
Device (such as the automatic fine pore distribution measurement system of Porous Materials corporation porous materials) measures.This
Outside, " main component " refers to the maximum ingredient of quality containing ratio, preferably, the ingredient containing 90 mass % or more.
" detailed contents of embodiments of the present invention "
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the processing method drained to high rigidity according to the present invention with reference to attached drawing carries out specifically
It is bright.
(first embodiment)
Involved by one embodiment of the present invention high rigidity draining processing method include:It is added in being drained to high rigidity
The process < flocculating agents addition process > of flocculating agent;Using particle layer to above-mentioned flocculating agent add process after high rigidity drain into
The process < coarse filtration processes > of row coarse filtration;The high rigidity after above-mentioned coarse filtration process is drained using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane
Carry out the process < membrane filtration processes > of membrane filtration;The net process of backwash is carried out to above-mentioned microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane using acid water
The net process > of < backwashes.
The processing method of high rigidity draining is used to handle calcium hardness and is drained in 100 or more high rigidity, is especially suitable for using
In situation of the calcium hardness 150 or more.
(high rigidity draining)
The processed high rigidity draining as the processing method drained by the high rigidity, for example, water can be enumerated
Region with high hardness sewage single treatment draining.That is, the processing method of high rigidity draining is used at further height
The single treatment that reason has carried out sewage for example, by modes such as activated sludge processes biological treatment drains, in a manner of recycling
As for example upper water, industrial water etc..
< flocculating agents add process >
In above-mentioned flocculating agent addition process, adds flocculating agent in being drained to high rigidity and organic matter is made to agglomerate.At this point, high hard
Degree draining in organic matter incorporation high rigidity draining in metal or metallic compound and agglomerate and form flocculate.
(flocculating agent)
The flocculating agent added in being drained to high rigidity in process is added as the flocculating agent, and such as aluminium polychloride can be used
(PAC), the inorganic flocculants such as aluminum sulfate, Polyferric Sulfate, ferric trichloride, such as cationic flocculating agent, anionic property flocculating agent are contour
Molecule flocculating agent.Wherein, particularly preferably using the better simply aluminium polychloride of management compared with cheap and additive amount.In addition, also may be used
It annexs and uses a variety of flocculating agents.
The flocculating agent adds in process, preferably, flocculating agent is added in being drained to high rigidity with certain ratio.It is polymerizeing
In the case that aluminium chloride is used as flocculating agent, the lower limit of the additive amount as flocculating agent drains, preferably 5 matter relative to high rigidity
Measure ppm, more preferably 10 mass ppm.On the other hand, the upper limit as the additive amount of the aluminium polychloride of flocculating agent, preferably
500 mass ppm, more preferably 300 mass ppm.The additive amount of aluminium polychloride as flocculating agent is unsatisfactory for above-mentioned lower limit
In the case of, it is possible to the organic matter in causing high rigidity to drain does not agglomerate fully and microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane is caused to be easy because organic
Object and block or microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane on attachment organic matter and to cause microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane to be realized by acid water clean
It becomes difficult to carry out.On the contrary, in the case that the additive amount of the aluminium polychloride as flocculating agent is more than the above-mentioned upper limit, it is possible to make
Unnecessarily increase at processing cost, and it is possible to cause the blocking of particle layer ahead of time or pass through the cohesion of particle layer
Agent makes microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane block.
< coarse filtration processes >
In above-mentioned coarse filtration process, the high rigidity draining that organic matter has been agglomerated in process is added to flocculating agent using filter
(treated water) is filtered, thus by the metal mixed in organic matter and flocculate or metallization from high rigidity draining
Close object removal.Although the difference of the type of the organic matter in also being drained according to high rigidity etc. and it is different, such as high rigidity arrange
In the case of whole Organic Carbon TOCs about 4.0mg/L at the initial stage in water, the TOC in high rigidity draining after the coarse filtration process
It is reduced to 3.7mg/L from 3.6mg/L.In addition, " TOC " refers to, the value measured based on JIS-K0805 (1988).
As the method for the coarse filtration in the coarse filtration process, preferably, there is runner up and down, and high rigidity is made to drain
It is upper compared with the runner with upside to pass through, on the other hand, by textile cloth, bonded fabric or filter paper be used as filter or
By with prevent particle by bearing part container in input filtering particle and make its accumulation, in bearing part
Upper formation filter layer, and it is used as filter, to drain from the runner of upside supply high rigidity and be arranged from the runner of downside
The decline flow filters of water.
In addition, the above-mentioned coarse filtration for being used as filter in the coarse filtration process is, in the filter by 1 μm of reservation particle diameter
In the processing method of the high rigidity draining of implementation, textile cloth, bonded fabric or filter paper are used as filter.As bonded fabric,
Such as polyester, nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) (PTFE), Kynoar (PVDF) can be used.Make
For high flow capacity processing, preferably, the bonded fabric being made of polyester such as polyethylene terephthalates.In addition, as at this
It is used as the filter paper of filter in coarse filtration process, the 5C with the filter capacity substantially same with anthracite particle layer can be enumerated
Filter paper (JIS-P3801 (1995)).
The high rigidity draining that above-mentioned coarse filtration is carried out using effective diameter in 0.4mm or more 0.7mm filters below
In processing method, by with prevent particle by bearing part container in input filtering particle and make its accumulation, from
And filter layer is formed on bearing part for use as filter.As being formed in the particle for being used as filter in the coarse filtration process
The filtering particle of layer can be used the particle of well known filtration treatment, such as stone, natural sand, inorganic particles, pottery can be used
Porcelain, polymer (high-molecular compound), natural organic etc. make particle as main component, wherein it is preferable to use more cheap
Natural sand.Here, " main component " refers to, the maximum ingredient of quality containing ratio.
As above-mentioned natural sand, can enumerate such as anthracite, garnet, manganese sand, silica sand.Wherein, particularly preferably make
With relatively cheap and shape relatively rich in corner angle, thus the voidage of particle layer and specific surface area become larger to agglomerate
The excellent anthracite of the ability of the flocculate removal of organic matter.In addition, as anthracite, since proportion is smaller, thus backwash
Stirring efficiency when net is excellent, therefore has the advantages that be easier to backwash net.In addition, a kind or mixing can be used in these natural sands
Use two or more.Wherein, quartz sand and anthracitic mixture are easily formed filter layer, therefore it is preferred that.
It is excellent from being easier to from the aspect of obtaining grain size and the uniform inorganic particles of proportion as above-mentioned inorganic particles
It is selected as bead.As particularly preferred bead, for example, the globular glass pearl containing aluminium oxide can be enumerated.
As above-mentioned ceramics, it can be used and make ceramic particle as main component such as silica, aluminium oxide, glass.
As above-mentioned natural organic, the substance for screening out natural organic matter and having adjusted particle size can be used, for example, can arrange
Enumerate natural fibers such as walnut shell, sawdust, fiber crops etc..
As the main component of above-mentioned polymer, for example, fluororesin, vinylite, polyolefin, poly- ammonia can be enumerated
Ester, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyester, polyamide, polyimides, melmac, makrolon etc..Wherein, preferably
For fluororesin, vinylite and the polyolefin of water resistance and excellent corrosion resistance, more preferably, adsorptivity is excellent
Polyolefin.In addition, among polyolefin, the especially preferably excellent polypropylene of sorptive power.
The lower limit of effective diameter as above-mentioned filtering particle, preferably 0.5mm, more preferably 0.7mm.On the other hand, make
For the upper limit of the effective diameter of above-mentioned filtering particle, preferably 2mm, more preferably 1.5mm.The effective diameter of above-mentioned filtering particle is discontented
In the case of the above-mentioned lower limit of foot, it is possible to cause to be easy to need frequent backwash net due to blocking because of particle layer.On the contrary, above-mentioned filtering
In the case that the effective diameter of particle is more than the above-mentioned upper limit, it is possible to cause to be unable to fully removal metallic.In addition, " effective diameter "
Refer to, using the sieve of JIS-Z8801-1 (2006) defined, carrying out screening from the big sieve of network interface in order and to passing through
The mass ratio of the particle of network interface measures, and tires out in manufactured particle diameter distribution using the nominal network interface of sieve as grain size
Product quality becomes 10% grain size.
The lower limit of impartial coefficient as above-mentioned filtering particle, preferably 1.1, more preferably 1.2.On the other hand, as
The upper limit of the impartial coefficient of above-mentioned filtering particle, preferably 1.7, more preferably 1.5.The impartial coefficient of above-mentioned filtering particle is discontented
In the case of the above-mentioned lower limit of foot, it is possible to the cost of above-mentioned filtering particle be caused unnecessarily to increase.On the contrary, above-mentioned filtering particle
Impartial coefficient be more than the above-mentioned upper limit in the case of, it is possible to cause particle layer become easy blocking and need frequent backwash
Only.In addition, " impartial coefficient " refers to, using the sieve of JIS-Z8801-1 (2006) defined, in order from the big sieve of network interface
Rise carry out sieve and the mass ratio of the particle by network interface is measured, and using the nominal network interface of sieve as grain size and
In manufactured particle diameter distribution mass accumulation as 60% grain size relative to the ratio between above-mentioned effective diameter.
The lower limit of average thickness as particle layer, preferably 10cm, more preferably 15cm.On the other hand, as particle
The upper limit of the average thickness of layer, preferably 80cm, more preferably 60cm.The average thickness of particle layer is unsatisfactory for the feelings of above-mentioned lower limit
Under condition, it is possible to cause to be unable to fully removal metallic.On the contrary, the case where average thickness of particle layer is more than the above-mentioned upper limit
Under, it is possible to cause equipment cost unnecessarily to increase.
< membrane filtration processes >
In above-mentioned membrane filtration process, using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane (hereinafter, as the concept including the two and sometimes referred to as
For " filter membrane "), being removed from the high rigidity draining (treated water) after coarse filtration process can not remove in coarse filtration process
Fine metallic compound based on suspended matter.In addition, in the case of using ultrafiltration membrane, also can remove other than suspended matter
Larger solute.
The average diameter of the emptying aperture of above-mentioned filter membrane such as can according to whether there is or not the use purpose of rear process, treated water come
It is suitably selected, such as can be used 0.005 μm or more 0.5 μm or less.
In addition, the flux as the filter membrane in membrane filtration process, such as 30LMH or more 100LMH or less can be used.
(microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane)
As the material of filter membrane, preferably, such as resin that fluororesin, vinylite, polyolefin etc. are not easily deteriorated,
Wherein, the especially preferably more excellent polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of intensity.In addition, reverse osmosis membrane for example also containing main component other than
Additives such as polymer, lubricant etc..In addition, as filter membrane, following porous material can be used, that is, by with poly- four
Vinyl fluoride makees lamellar material as main component and carries out 1 axis or the extension of 2 axis, to make it generate fine cracking, and then shape
At porous substance.
As the shape of above-mentioned filter membrane, for example, hollow wire type, sheet type, screw type, tubular-type etc. can be enumerated, but
Hollow wire type is especially particularly preferably used, this is because the membrane area of the per unit volume of membrane module can be relatively large.
, it is preferable to use filter assemblies, the filter assemblies have one in the case of using hollow fiber membrane as filter membrane
Multiple hollow fiber membranes for being pulled together on a direction and the both ends of multiple hollow fiber membrane are kept and are had and each macaroni yarn
A pair of of maintaining part material of the runner of the inner cavity connection of film.
As the filter type for using hollow fiber membrane, the height for example to have pressurizeed to the supply of the outside of hollow fiber membrane can be applied hard
Degree drains and passes it through the external-compression type of the inner cavity of hollow fiber membrane, impregnates hollow fiber membrane in the draining of uninflated high rigidity and lead to
It crosses the negative pressure of osmotic pressure or lumen side and penetrates the inner cavity Jin Stains formulas of hollow fiber membrane, pressurizes to the supply of the inner cavity of hollow fiber membrane
High rigidity drain and penetrate the modes such as the inner pressed in outside of hollow fiber membrane.
The net process > of < backwashes
In the net process of above-mentioned backwash, by by with the water flowing direction in above-mentioned membrane filtration process it is reversed in a manner of to above-mentioned
Filter membrane after blocking or crushing (water flowing resistance) increase in membrane filtration process is passed through acid water, attached to be removed from filter membrane
Object.
Due in the net process of the backwash by acid water be used as washing water, can relatively easily dissolve and go divided by gold
The attachment of filter membrane based on category or metallic compound.
As the acid of acid water, as long as showing acidity, but hydrochloric acid and citric acid are particularly preferably used.Due to
Hydrochloric acid and citric acid are more cheap, and the combinations such as calcium being not easy in being drained with high rigidity, therefore can prevent unexpected
Precipitate.Therefore, by using the acid water for including hydrochloric acid and citric acid, so as to relatively easily clean filter membrane.
The lower limit of pH as the acid water for being used as washing water in the net process of backwash, preferably 2, more preferably 4.It is another
Aspect, the upper limit of the pH as the acid water as washing water, preferably 6.5, more preferably 6.The pH of acid water is unsatisfactory for
In the case of stating lower limit, it is possible to the processing cost of the acid water after causing the cost of the acid for adjusting acid water and cleaning
Unnecessarily increase or be likely to cause drainage treatment equipment service life shortening.On the contrary, the pH of acid water is more than on above-mentioned
In the case of limit, it is possible to cause that the metal or metallic compound being attached on filter membrane can not be readily removable.
As the equispaced of the net process of backwash, for example, can be used 30 points or more 40 points or less.In addition, anti-as 1 time
The water flowing time for cleaning process, for example, can be used 60 seconds 30 seconds or more or less.In addition, as the acid water pair in clean process
The supply pressure of filter membrane, for example, 60kPa or more 100kPa or less can be used.In addition, as the acid water pair in clean process
The supply amount (water-flowing amount) of filter membrane, for example, can be used 1 times or more 2 times of the filtering water in above-mentioned membrane filtration process or less.
The result is that the processing method of high rigidity draining can recycle the 90 mass % or more of high rigidity draining as recycling
The processed water finished.
As a specific example, if the content in the suspended matter (SS) of high rigidity draining is 5mg/L, total organic carbon (TOC)
In the case that content is 5mg/L, calcium hardness is 100, the interval (continuous time of membrane filtration process) of the net process of backwash is set as
30 points, water flowing time of the net process of backwash is set as 30 seconds, the acid water cleaned in process is set as the supply pressure of filter membrane
When acid water in 60kPa, clean process is set as the supply amount of filter membrane 1.2 times of the filtering water in membrane filtration process,
The blocking that can prevent filter membrane can make the rate of recovery of the processed water finished become 95% so as to steadily operate.If
Identical high rigidity is drained, the interval (continuous time of membrane filtration process) of the net process of backwash is set as 30 points, the net work of backwash
The water flowing time of sequence be set as 60 seconds, clean process in acid water to the supply pressure of filter membrane be set as 60kPa, clean process in
Acid water when being set as 1.2 times of the filtering water in membrane filtration process to the supply amount of filter membrane, then the processed water finished
The rate of recovery become 93%.
In this regard, even if the content of the suspended matter (SS) of high rigidity draining is 3mg/L, the content of total organic carbon (TOC) is
In the case that 1mg/L, calcium hardness are 150, the interval (continuous time of membrane filtration process) of the net process of backwash is set as 40 points, is incited somebody to action
The water flowing time of the net process of backwash be set as 30 seconds, by the acid water in clean process to the supply pressure of filter membrane be set as 60kPa,
1.2 times that the acid water in process is set as the supply amount of filter membrane the filtering water in membrane filtration process are cleaned, can also be prevented
The only blocking of filter membrane can improve the rate of recovery of the processed water finished to 97% to steadily operate.If in addition,
Identical high rigidity is drained, the interval (continuous time of membrane filtration process) of the net process of backwash is set as 40 points, the net work of backwash
The water flowing time of sequence be set as 60 seconds, clean process in acid water to the supply pressure of filter membrane be set as 60kPa, clean process in
Acid water when being set as 1.2 times of the filtering water in membrane filtration process to the supply amount of filter membrane, the processed water finished
The rate of recovery becomes 96%.
Furthermore it is preferred that be, in this cleans process, by oxytropism water or be fed with acid water one of filter membrane
The opposite side of side supplies bubble, to promote cleaning for filter membrane.
< advantages >
The processing method of high rigidity draining has utilization before the membrane filtration process using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane
Flocculating agent makes the organic matter that the flocculating agent of the organic matter cohesion in high rigidity draining adds process and will have been agglomerated by filter
The coarse filtration process of separation, to which organic matter is not easy to be attached on filter membrane.Therefore, in the processing method of high rigidity draining
In, the differential pressure of filter membrane can be reduced to carry out quiet rum.In addition, in the processing method of high rigidity draining, can reduce
Attachment of the machine object to filter membrane, therefore be easier to realize cleaning for filter membrane.
In addition, in the processing method of high rigidity draining, main adhesion metal or metallic compound on filter membrane, because
This can relatively easily remove the attachment of filter membrane in the net process of backwash by acid water, be easier to realize washing for filter membrane
Only.
In addition, the processing method drained by the high rigidity is further processed the sewage for carrying out biological treatment,
So as to be easier to and steadily obtain such as upper water, industrial water.
(drainage treatment equipment)
One that the drainage treatment equipment of the processing method for the high rigidity draining that can be used for implementing Fig. 1 is illustrated in Fig. 1 shows
Example.
The drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 1 has:Collection surface 1 is supplied with the high rigidity draining as process object;Cohesion
Agent adding set 2 puts into flocculating agent into the collection surface 1;Filter pump 3 sends out high rigidity draining from collection surface 1;
Filtration tank 4 is supplied with high rigidity draining from filter pump 3 and stores filtering particle in inside;Membrane filter unit 5 utilizes
Microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane, which drain the high rigidity for having passed through filtration tank 4, carries out membrane filtration;Sink 6 is cleaned, to from membrane filtration list
The high rigidity draining of 5 discharge of member is stored;Pump 7 is cleaned, extremely by the high rigidity being stored in clean sink 6 draining force feed
Membrane filter unit 5.
< collection surfaces >
Collection surface 1 is that the flocculating agent in processing method for implementing high rigidity draining adds sink or the storage of process
Pond.Preferably, the stream being detected to water is set in supplying the water route that high rigidity drains to collection surface 1 or regulating course 1
Quantity sensor.
< flocculating agent adding sets >
Flocculating agent adding set 2, which can be used, to be had the operation hopper stored to such as flocculating agent and is supplied to collection surface 1
To the structure of feed mechanism such as feed screw, oscillating feeder of flocculating agent.The flocculating agent adding set 2 is preferably with such as
Under type is controlled, that is, is automatically fed flocculating agent in a manner of directly proportional to the supply amount of collection surface 1 to high rigidity draining.
< filter pumps >
Filter pump 3 is from collection surface 1 by high rigidity draining by filtration tank 4 and membrane filter unit 5 and to clean sink 6
It is sent out.
< filtration tanks >
Filtration tank 4 is configured to, and has runner up and down, and passing through these runners and the supporting part such as screening
Part and multiple filtering particles are enclosed in the inner space that marks off, and the filtering build-up of particles was formed on bearing part
Filtering layer.Grit can also be accumulated on bearing part, and is filtered particle and formed filter layer on the grit.In addition, also may be used
To replace using textile cloth, bonded fabric or filter paper by the filter layer that filtering particle is formed.Moreover, the inside of filtration tank 4
Space be preferably with it is multiple filtering particles apparent volumes compare sufficiently large volume, with can because from the runner of downside lead to
Washing water and so that filtering particle is flown up.
< membrane filter units >
Membrane filter unit 5 is configured to, have microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane, and make it is right by the microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane
Flow is out as the processed water finished obtained from the high rigidity draining of supply is filtered.As a specific example, film mistake
Filter unit 5 has:Closed container is supplied with high rigidity draining;And filter assemblies, have and is provided in the closed appearance
Hollow fiber membrane in device, to filter dress by the external-compression type of hollow fiber membrane as the supply pressure drained by high rigidity
It sets.
In addition, membrane filter unit 5 is preferably with the air bubble supplier for supplying bubble to filter membrane.In membrane filtration process
Bubble is supplied to filter membrane, so as to inhibit the attachment of metal or metallic compound to filter membrane.In addition, by net in backwash
Bubble is supplied to filter membrane in process, so as to promote to be attached on filter membrane using the washing effect realized by bubble
The stripping of attachment.As an example, in the case where membrane filter unit 5 is external-compression type filter device, air bubble supplier is by structure
Become, bubble is supplied to the peripheral surface of hollow fiber membrane.
< cleans sink >
It cleans sink 6 and is in order to obtained from after being filtered high rigidity draining by filtration tank 4 and membrane filter unit 5
The sink that a part for the processed water finished is stored as the washing water of membrane filter unit 5.This is cleaned throws in sink 6
Acid is entered, the acid water obtained therefrom is used as the washing water of membrane filter unit 5.
< cleans pump >
Clean pump 7 by the acid water prepared in clean sink 6 when with filtering it is reversed in a manner of lead to filter membrane unit 5
Water.It is discharged to outside system by the acid water of filter element 5 and is handled as draining.
(second embodiment)
The processing method of high rigidity draining involved by another embodiment of the present invention has:Add in being drained to high rigidity
The process < flocculating agents of flocculating agent are added to add process >;The high rigidity after process is added to above-mentioned flocculating agent using filter to drain
Carry out the process < coarse filtration processes > of coarse filtration;The high rigidity after above-mentioned coarse filtration process is arranged using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane
Water carries out the process < membrane filtration processes > of membrane filtration;The net work of backwash is carried out to above-mentioned microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane using acid water
The net process > of sequence < backwashes;The process < of film process is carried out to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned membrane filtration process using reverse osmosis membrane
Film process process >.
Flocculating agent addition process, coarse filtration process and film mistake in the processing method of the high rigidity draining of present embodiment
Filter process, flocculating agent addition process, coarse filtration process in the processing method drained with the high rigidity of first embodiment and
Membrane filtration process is identical.Therefore, it for the processing method of the high rigidity of present embodiment draining, then omits and adds work with flocculating agent
Sequence, coarse filtration process and the relevant explanation of membrane filtration process.
< film process processes >
In above-mentioned film process process, treated water is separated into dense after being concentrated through water and solute etc. of reverse osmosis membrane
It shrinks.It is reused as the processed water finished through water, in addition condensed water is handled as draining.
(reverse osmosis membrane)
Reverse osmosis membrane can also be the bigger nano-filtration membrane of the diameter of emptying aperture.In addition, " nano-filtration membrane " refers to,
Among reverse osmosis membrane, the average diameter of emptying aperture is more than the film of 1nm.The average diameter of hollow hole as reverse osmosis membrane is below in 1nm
Film (the unfiled film for nano-filtration membrane), total hardness removal rate and flux are more stable, can get larger total hardness and go
Except rate (such as 99% or more).
As the material of reverse osmosis membrane, such as polyamide-based macromolecule, polysulfones system macromolecule, cellulose-based height can be enumerated
Molecule etc..
As the shape of above-mentioned reverse osmosis membrane, such as hollow wire type, screw type can be enumerated, but since membrane module is per single
The membrane area of position volume can be relatively large, therefore particularly preferably uses screw type.
As the concrete example of this reverse osmosis membrane, for example, can enumerate " ES-20 " of Dong electrician company, " ESPA2 ",
" SU-710, " SU-720 ", " SU- of " NTR-7400 ", " NTR-729HF " and " NTR-7250 ", beautiful (TORAY) company in east
610 " and " SU-210S " and DOW Chemical (DOW CHEMICAL) company " BW30LE ", " NF-90 " and " NF-70 "
Deng.
< advantages >
The processing method of high rigidity draining is also equipped with using reverse osmosis membrane (including nano-filtration membrane) to membrane filtration process
The process that high rigidity draining afterwards carries out film process, so as to obtain the less clean water of impurity.
(drainage treatment equipment)
The drainage position for the processing method that can be used for implementing the draining of the high rigidity involved by second embodiment is illustrated in Fig. 2
Manage an example of equipment.
The drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 2 has:Collection surface 11 is supplied to the high rigidity draining as process object;Cohesion
Agent adding set 12 puts into flocculating agent into the collection surface 11;Coarse filtration pump 13, high rigidity is drained from collection surface 11 and is sent
Go out;Filtration tank 14 is supplied to high rigidity draining from coarse filtration pump 13, and stores filtering particle in inside;Coarse filtration water receiving tank
15, the high rigidity to having passed through filtration tank 14, which drains, to be recycled.In addition, the drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 2 has:Shifting pump
16, high rigidity is drained from coarse filtration water receiving tank 15 and is sent out;Membrane filtration supply flume 17, to the height being supplied to from shifting pump 16
Hardness draining (treated water) is stored;Membrane filtration pump 18, high rigidity is drained from membrane filtration supply flume 17 and is sent out;Film mistake
Unit 19 is filtered, the high rigidity draining being supplied to from membrane filtration pump 18 is filtered using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane.In addition, figure
2 drainage treatment equipment has:Film process supply flume 20 stores the high rigidity draining being discharged from membrane filter unit 19
It deposits;Film process pump 21, the high rigidity in film process supply flume 20 is drained and is sent out;Film process unit 22 utilizes reverse osmosis
Film will be divided into from the high rigidity draining of 21 supply of film process pump through water and condensed water.Moreover, the drainage treatment equipment tool of Fig. 2
It is standby:Sink 23 is cleaned, the part through water being discharged from film process unit 22 can be stored;Sour adding set 24,
It puts into acid into clean sink 23;Pump 25 is cleaned, to the supply of membrane filter unit 19 to film process list in clean sink 23
Member 22 penetrates the acid water that acid is added in water (the processed water finished).In addition, the flow direction shown in dotted line is in Fig. 2,
Flowing for carrying out the net high rigidity draining of backwash to filtration tank 14 or film process unit 22.Specifically, in addition to via upper
Other than the runner for stating clean sink 23,13 progress are pumped with by coarse filtration with the high rigidity draining that shifting pump 16 can be made to be discharged
Water flowing direction oppositely constitutes runner to the mode of 14 water flowing of filtration tank.
The collection surface 11 of the drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 2, flocculating agent adding set 12, coarse filtration pump 13, filtration tank 14, film mistake
It filters unit 19 and clean sink 23 can be with the collection surface 1, flocculating agent adding set 2, filter pump of the drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 1
3, filtration tank 4, membrane filter unit 5 and clean sink 6 are same.
Coarse filtration water receiving tank 15, membrane filtration supply flume 17 and film process supply flume 20 are to be store to high rigidity draining
The sink deposited.In addition, as long as coarse filtration pump 13, shifting pump 16, membrane filtration pump 18, film process pump 21 and clean pump 25 can
The pump of force feed water, then be not particularly limited.
Sour adding set 24 can for example use have to the operation tank stored of acid and by acid to clean sink 23 into
The structure of the killer injecting pump of row supply.Preferably, there is the pH sensors measured to the pH for cleaning the water that sink 23 is stored,
And sour adding set 24 proceeds as follows control, that is, so that the water being stored in clean sink 23 becomes neutral side
Formula is automatically fed acid.
The drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 2 will be temporarily stored in coarse filtration by the draining of the high rigidity of 14 coarse filtration of filtration tank and connect
In sink 15 and membrane filtration supply flume 17.Therefore, filtration tank 14 can operate or clean independently of one another with membrane filter unit 19.
In addition, the high rigidity draining being stored in coarse filtration water receiving tank 15 can be as cleaning the filtering particle in filtration tank 14
Washing water use.It is functioned that is, shifting pump 16 can also be used as supplying the pump of washing water to filtration tank 14.
In addition, the drainage treatment equipment of Fig. 2 is configured to, when can be to filter opposite direction make the water filtered respectively to
Filtration tank 14 and 19 water flowing of membrane filter unit are net to carry out backwash, therefore can be in the particle layer and membrane filtration of filtration tank 14
In the case that clogging occurs for the filter membrane of unit 19, it is easier to the particle layer and membrane filter unit 19 of regeneration filtration tank 14
Filter membrane.
[Other Shi Shifangshi ]
Presently disclosed embodiment is considered as entirely example, is not the mode of limitation.The scope of the present invention is simultaneously
Be not limited to the structure of the above embodiment, indicated by claims, and be intended to include and claims are impartial contains
All changes in justice and range.
As the processing method of high rigidity draining, it is heavy also to have between flocculating agent addition process and coarse filtration process
Shallow lake separation process.
In the processing method of high rigidity draining, high rigidity draining is temporarily stored in water receiving tank, supply flume between each process
In or each process continuously implemented by pipeline, it is unrelated with the presence or absence of film process process etc., can be carried out arbitrarily by each process
Selection.
The drainage treatment equipment used in the processing method of high rigidity draining can also be filtration tank, membrane filter unit
And at least any one equipment multiple side by side and being arranged in film process unit.The inscape being arranged side by side is either same
When parallel running, can also be a selectively operating part, and the inscape during stopping cleaned.
In addition, the washing water of the particle layer or filter membrane used in the processing method drained as the high rigidity, it can also
Using in the water in processing procedure or other than the processed high rigidity draining (treated water or the processed water finished) finished
Add the water of acid.
[Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the present invention is described in detail based on embodiment, but the present invention be not based on the embodiment record and
And being confined property explain.
In order to verify the effect of the present invention, the water after biological treatment will have been carried out to the sewage of the region with high hardness of upper water
As process object high rigidity draining raw water, and with beaker scale (beakerscale) carry out the present invention processing example 1~
7 simulation.
< handles 1 > of example
As processing example 1, by the 5C filter paper (JIS-P3801 with the filter capacity substantially same with anthracite particle layer
(1995)) be used as filter, come coarse filtration in a manner of relative to 300 mass ppm of raw water to calcium hardness be 170, pH is 7.0
High rigidity draining in be added to the water obtained after the aluminium polychloride as flocculating agent, at pressure 5psi using diameter 47mm,
The microfiltration membranes that 0.1 μm of average fine pore carry out membrane filtration to obtained drainage of crossing, and are surveyed to the amount for crossing drainage at every 5 minutes
Amount, and the relationship by time and the variation of flux is calculated.
< handles 2~5 > of example
It handles in example 2~5, in addition to the calcium hardness of high rigidity draining is 120, the additive amount of flocculating agent is set to 50 mass
Other than ppm, 30 mass ppm, 20 mass ppm, 10 mass ppm, under above-mentioned 1 equal conditions of processing example, to by the time with
The relationship of the flux of microfiltration membranes is calculated.
< handles 6 > of example
As processing example 6, calcium hardness 110, the raw water that the high rigidity that pH is 7.0 drains is in script state, in pressure
Membrane filtration is carried out with the microfiltration membranes of diameter 47mm, 0.1 μm of average fine pore and the every 5 minutes amounts to crossing drainage carry out under 5psi
It measures, and the relationship by time and the variation of flux is calculated.
< handles 7 > of example
As processing example 7,5C filter paper be original that high rigidity that 100, pH is 7.0 drains to calcium hardness as filter
Water carries out coarse filtration, and drainage is crossed to obtained using the microfiltration membranes of diameter 47mm, 0.1 μm of average fine pore at pressure 5psi
Membrane filtration is carried out, the amount for crossing drainage is measured at every 5 minutes, and the relationship by time and the variation of flux is counted
It calculates.
(change in flow)
The variation according to the flux by the time by above-mentioned processing example 1~7 is illustrated in Fig. 3.As shown, any
In example, after membrane filtration just starts, the decline of flux is larger, but after about 30 points, and flux becomes approximately fixed.Handle example
6 and processing example 7 in, the flux about 6LMH/kPa (L/m of the per unit pressure after 30 minutes2/ H/kPa), in contrast, processing
In example 2~5, flux about 10~12LMH/kPa of the per unit pressure after 30 points, in handling example 1, the per unit pressure after 30 points
The flux of power about 29LMH/kPa.According to this as a result, it can be said that adding process, coarse filtration process and film by having flocculating agent
The processing method of filter progress can make the clean frequency of filter membrane become smaller.
(filter membrane attachment)
Moreover, in above-mentioned processing example 1~7, the surface utilization for the filter membrane that high rigidity draining is filtered from 30 minutes
Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR) and obtain after being measured by attenuated total reflection spectrum, with new
The difference for being carried out similarly the spectrum obtained after measurement of the filter membrane of product, pushes away come the composition of the attachment to each filter membrane
It surveys.The spectrum (difference spectrum) of the attachment of the filter membrane of example 6 and 7 is handled with wave number 3300cm-1Centered on width it is wide
Peak and in wave number 1540cm-1And wave number 1650cm-1Nearby there is peak value, so as to suggest that the presence of amide groups.
That is, the attachment of the filter membrane of processing example 6 and 7 can be speculated as being the substance based on the organic matters such as such as protein.It is another
Aspect, the spectrum for handling the attachment of the filter membrane of example 1~5 have with wave number 1050cm-1Centered on the wide peak of width, to
It can suggest that the presence of calcium phosphate.That is, the attachment of the filter membrane of processing example 1~5 can be speculated as the object based on inorganic matter
Matter.Therefore, the attachment of filter membrane of processing example 6 and 7 is not easy to dissolve in acid water, it can thus be assumed that processing example 6 and 7
Filter membrane can not easily in acid water clean, handle example 1~5 filter membrane attachment be easier it is molten in acid water
Solution, it can thus be assumed that can be easier to clean in acid water.
In order to verify the effect of the present invention, feed ration 100m is utilized3Rapidly filter device to the rivers and creeks water of above-mentioned high rigidity
Water between progress gravel after contact treatment carries out confirmatory experiment.As processing example 8, in a manner of relative to 10 mass ppm of raw water
Aluminium polychloride of the addition as flocculating agent in being drained to above-mentioned high rigidity.PH is 6.8.It (is protected less than 5C filter paper using density
Stay 1 μm of particle diameter) the rapidly filter device of quartz sand of effective diameter 0.5mm it is filtered.(as quartz sand, effectively
Diameter is preferably 0.4~0.7mm, and effective diameter is more preferably 0.5~0.6mm)
Film is carried out to obtained drainage of crossing with the microfiltration membranes of diameter 47mm, 0.1 μm of average fine pore at pressure 5psi
Filtering measured the amount for crossing drainage at every 5 minutes, and calculates the relationship by time and the variation of flux.Separately
Outside, the obtained total amount for crossing drainage of 15 minutes membrane filtrations is 525mL.
Above-mentioned processing example 8 is illustrated in Fig. 4 and as comparing, filtered exemplary without flocculating agent and by filter paper
According to the variation of the flux by the time.In above-mentioned processing example 8, initial flux is 41LMH/kPa (L/m2/ H/kPa), 3 points
Flux after clock is 17LMH/kPa (L/m2/ H/kPa), the flux after 5 points be 14LMH/kPa (L/m2/ H/kPa), after 10 points
Flux is 10LMH/kPa (L/m2/ H/kPa), the flux after 15 points be 8LMH/kPa (L/m2/H/kPa).As a comparison, without cohesion
Agent and by the filtered exemplary initial flux of filter paper be 19LMH/kPa (L/m2/ H/kPa), the flux after 3 points be 6LMH/
kPa(L/m2/ H/kPa), the flux after 5 points be 5LMH/kPa (L/m2/ H/kPa), the flux after 10 points be 4LMH/kPa (L/m2/
H/kPa), the flux after 15 points is 3LMH/kPa (L/m2/H/kPa).After above-mentioned processing example 8 is filtered with no flocculating agent and by filter paper
Example compare and ensure twice or more of flux.From the result, it may be verified that go out and add work by the flocculating agent of utility unit level
Sequence is carried out handling the filterability for improving membrane filtration process by the coarse filtration process for rapidly filtering realization.
Symbol description
1,11 collection surface;
2,12 flocculating agent adding set;
3 filter pumps;
4,14 filtration tank;
5,19 membrane filter unit;
6,23 clean sink;
7,25 pump is cleaned;
13 coarse filtrations pump;
15 coarse filtration water receiving tanks;
16 shifting pumps;
17 membrane filtration supply flumes;
18 membrane filtrations pump;
20 film process supply flumes;
21 film process pump;
22 film process units;
24 sour adding sets.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of processing method of high rigidity draining, be calcium hardness 100 or more the processing method that drains of high rigidity,
The processing method of high rigidity draining includes:
The process that flocculating agent is added in being drained to above-mentioned high rigidity;
The process that the high rigidity draining after process carries out coarse filtration is added to above-mentioned flocculating agent using filter;
The process that membrane filtration is carried out to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned coarse filtration process using microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane;And
The net process of backwash is carried out to above-mentioned microfiltration membranes or ultrafiltration membrane using acid water.
2. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to claim 1, wherein
Above-mentioned flocculating agent is aluminium polychloride.
3. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
Above-mentioned acid water contains hydrochloric acid or citric acid.
4. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein
Above-mentioned coarse filtration is carried out using the filter for retaining 1 μm of particle diameter.
5. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein
Above-mentioned coarse filtration is carried out using effective diameter in 0.4mm or more 0.7mm filters below.
6. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein
It is also equipped with the process that film process is carried out to the high rigidity draining after above-mentioned membrane filtration using reverse osmosis membrane.
7. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to any one of claim 1 to 6, wherein
Above-mentioned filter is anthracite.
8. the processing method of high rigidity draining according to any one of claim 1 to 7, wherein
Above-mentioned high rigidity draining is to have carried out the sewage of biological treatment.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2016049605 | 2016-03-14 | ||
| JP2016-049605 | 2016-03-14 | ||
| PCT/JP2017/007276 WO2017159303A1 (en) | 2016-03-14 | 2017-02-27 | Method for treating waste water having high hardness |
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| CN108698860A true CN108698860A (en) | 2018-10-23 |
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| JP (1) | JPWO2017159303A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108698860A (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI711588B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017159303A1 (en) |
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| CN114394711A (en) * | 2022-01-25 | 2022-04-26 | 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-hardness industrial wastewater flue gas bicarbonate and lime coagulation treatment system |
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| CN112429914B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2023-10-27 | 福建闽业生物科技有限公司 | Circulating water-based penaeus vannamei boone cultivation method |
| CN112723598A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-30 | 西安文理学院 | Sewage purification treatment agent and preparation method and application thereof |
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| TW201731775A (en) | 2017-09-16 |
| WO2017159303A1 (en) | 2017-09-21 |
| TWI711588B (en) | 2020-12-01 |
| JPWO2017159303A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
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Application publication date: 20181023 |