CN108691244A - 包装纸板、其用途和由其制造的产品 - Google Patents

包装纸板、其用途和由其制造的产品 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108691244A
CN108691244A CN201810498378.7A CN201810498378A CN108691244A CN 108691244 A CN108691244 A CN 108691244A CN 201810498378 A CN201810498378 A CN 201810498378A CN 108691244 A CN108691244 A CN 108691244A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
purposes
cardboard
akd
previous
fibrous substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810498378.7A
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English (en)
Inventor
杰瑞·雷塞宁
伊斯托·海斯卡宁
里斯托·莱塔宁
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Stora Enso Oyj
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Publication date
Application filed by Stora Enso Oyj filed Critical Stora Enso Oyj
Publication of CN108691244A publication Critical patent/CN108691244A/zh
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    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/22—Boxes or like containers with side walls of substantial depth for enclosing contents
    • B65D1/26—Thin-walled containers, e.g. formed by deep-drawing operations
    • B65D1/265—Drinking cups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B23/00—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose
    • B32B23/04—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B23/06—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose comprising such cellulosic plastic substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/002—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/06—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard specially treated, e.g. surfaced, parchmentised
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    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • B32B29/08—Corrugated paper or cardboard
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    • B65D3/00—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines
    • B65D3/02—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines characterised by shape
    • B65D3/06—Rigid or semi-rigid containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines characterised by shape essentially conical or frusto-conical
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
    • D21H17/14—Carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
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    • D21H17/15—Polycarboxylic acids, e.g. maleic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
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    • D21H17/03—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/05—Non-macromolecular organic compounds containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen only
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
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    • D21H17/54—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种包装纸板，所述包装纸板包含纤维基底和在纤维基底的一侧或两侧上的一个或多个聚合物涂层。根据本发明，纤维基底含有烷基乙烯酮二聚体胶料、硬脂酸酐、湿强胶料和铝化合物的组合，这赋予纸板对侵蚀性液体以及热处理的耐受性，特别是在这种情况下对毛边渗透的提高的耐受性。本发明还涉及由所述纸板制造的容器和包装，例如一次性饮用杯、乳制品硬纸盒和高压灭菌包装，以及纸板用于这种目的的用途。

Description

包装纸板、其用途和由其制造的产品
本申请是国际申请日为2012年10月9日，国际申请号是PCT/FI2012/050971，进入中国国家阶段日期为2014年4月10日，中国国家申请号是201280049800.1，发明名称为“包装纸板、其用途和由其制造的产品”的分案申请。
发明领域
本发明涉及一种包装纸板，所述包装纸板包含纤维基底和在纤维基底的一侧或两侧上的一个或多个聚合物涂层。本发明还包括由本发明的包装纸板制造的产品以及所述包装纸板的用途。
背景
涂布聚合物的包装纸板用于预期用于液体食品和其他基于液体的或含有液体的产品的包装和容器。容器或包装的内聚合物层保护纸板不由在其中含有的液体或潮湿物质而受潮或润湿。依赖于所使用的聚合物，涂层还可以为包装中含有的产品提供氧或气味保护。
纸板的内切割边(毛边)暴露至在容器，如一次性饮用杯，或包装，如牛奶或果汁硬纸盒中含有的液体或潮湿产品，以至于液体可能通过该边被吸收至纤维纸板基底中(毛边渗透)。
在高压灭菌工艺中，还存在暴露的外切割边从用于灭菌的热蒸汽和同样从用于冷却高压灭菌包装的冷水吸收水分的问题。
为了避免这些润湿问题，可以将纸板的边缘削薄并在边缘周围折叠两次，或者由接合带隐藏毛边。更经济有效的方式是通过纤维纸板基底合适的上胶防止液体吸收。
US 4,859,244描述了用烷基乙烯酮二聚体(AKD)、脂肪酸酐如硬脂酸酐和明矾上胶的纸制品。可以用聚乙烯膜层压在纸的两侧上。目标是实现对毛边渗透的耐受性，并且按所述该称耐受含酒精液体，给出5％乙醇水溶液作为实例。
WO 2005/003460 A1描述了一种包装材料和由其制造的高压灭菌包装，其中通过使用疏水胶料如AKD或烯基琥珀酸酐(ASA)、湿强胶料如聚酰胺基胺表氯醇(PAAE)、和铝或钙化合物防止毛边渗透。该包装材料的目的是在高温下耐受用加压水蒸气的高压灭菌。
WO2009/125068 A1描述了一种涂布聚合物的纸板，所述纸板特别预期用于耐受具有30重量％的醇含量的烈性酒精饮料的饮用杯。问题是在杯内部上的毛边渗透，这通过AKD和PAAE胶料的组合，以及对纤维基底的密度和涂层聚合物的最小量的特定要求解决。
已知不同的疏水胶料提供对不同类型的液体不同的排斥性。疏水胶料一般对水是有效的，并且一些将会对溶解在其中的特定其他液体或化合物给出额外的排斥。例如AKD胶料对乳酸给出排斥性，并且在乳制品方面是有用的，但是对在装料前用于将包装灭菌的过氧化物无效。相反，松香胶料在具有过氧化物的情况下良好地工作，并且还适用于一次性饮用杯，如果仅由AKD上胶的纸板制造，则热咖啡将饮用杯污损。
因此恰好不存在适用于所有包装纸板通常用于或接触的液体的全面胶料。传统上，解决方案被称为双重上胶，例如通过酸性松香上胶和中性AKD上胶的组合。这种组合在乳制品包装方面有效，其中松香胶料使得包装纸板耐受在装料机中的过氧化物灭菌，并且AKD胶料对存在于所包装的牛奶和其他乳制品中的乳酸给出耐受性。
然而，组合使用松香胶料和AKD胶料的双重上胶是困难的，因为松香上胶需要使用明矾和低pH，然而AKD上胶需要在中性或高pH完成。这意味着，在纸板制造的过程中必须非常小心地控制pH，并且存在运行问题以及污垢和疏水组分在纸板机湿端中的沉淀的高风险。
此外，一般还需要将具有包括在不同的条件下降低的毛边渗透在内的耐受性的上胶包装纸板，以便适用于多种目的，即用于包装液体食品如乳制品、用于包装侵蚀性非食品液体如洗涤剂、用于咖啡和酒精饮料用一次性饮用杯、以及用于高压灭菌纸板包装。
发明描述
本发明所要解决的问题是找到一种通用上胶包装纸板，其可以用于在装料过程中灭菌的产品包装、用于在装料后高压灭菌的产品包装、用于排除和耐受封装的潮湿或液体产品的产品包装，以及容器如用于耐受其所用于的不同饮料的饮用杯。目标尤其是得到可以在纸板制造的过程中可靠地、成本有效地并且没有复杂pH调节和控制的上胶。
根据本发明的解决方案是用烷基乙烯酮二聚体(AKD)胶料、硬脂酸酐(SA)、湿强胶料和铝化合物的组合对包装纸板的纤维基底上胶，这赋予纸板对溶解液以及热处理的耐受性。
已经发现如以上定义的本发明适用于宽范围的多种希望的目的，而该纸板的制造避免了现有技术中遇到的问题，尤其是如以上所讨论的困难的pH控制。主要益处包括使用相同的纸板等级用于多种不同的最终用途，这种大范围的适用性带来了增加的需求和在机器中纸板等级较少改变的情况下更大规模的制造，因此增加了效率并且降低了单位制造成本。该制造工艺能够在没有pH的变化的情况下进行，带来了更高纯度的产品，并且避免了先前在机器中的运行问题。
在中试造纸机试验中已经发现，通过使用AKD和硬脂酸酐连同铝化合物一起的混合物，可以制造可蒸馏/高压灭菌的纸板和杯材纸板，其耐受洗涤剂、烈性酒、H2O2、黑咖啡、奶油咖啡、牛奶、燕麦牛奶等，在135℃高压灭菌40分钟，接着冷水冷却，并且无菌包装的液体食品。
以上发现意味着，如之前制造的多种不同的纸板等级/品质，如耐洗涤剂的杯纸板或可蒸馏纸板，可以通过使用单一配方由根据本发明制造的单一产品代替。
纸板基底的重量可以从约130g/m2向上变化，涵盖通常与饮用杯和液体硬纸盒包装相关的纸板和卡板重量。
在本发明中所使用的AKD胶料优选具有C18-C22的脂肪酸碳链长度。AKD胶料可以是传统的低熔点AKD或较高熔点的AKD。
除了硬脂酸酐之外，纤维基底还可以含有更短或更长链的脂肪酸的酸酐，例如棕榈酸酐。硬脂酸酐(SA-胶料)因此可以是纯SA或SA与一种或多种更高链长度的脂肪酸酐的混合物。然而，由于其在纤维表面上缓慢的固化，过长的碳链是不利的。
优选地，湿强胶料是聚酰胺基胺表氯醇树脂(PAAE)。已经发现，如果使用相对大量的湿强剂则存在较大的提高，优选至少0.5kg/t，更优选至少1kg/t并且最优选至少1.5kg/t。湿强胶料的存在允许限制SA-胶料的量，如果其过度使用的话将会不适宜地降低纸板表面上的摩擦。除了PAAE之外，还可以使用其他湿强化学物质。
所使用的优选的铝化合物是明矾，特别是KAl(SO4)2.12(H2O)。作为备选的Al化合物，可以提及聚合氯化铝(PAC)和聚合硅酸铝(PAS)。据信铝化合物贡献于将AKD与SA碳链结合在纸板表面处。
优选地，AKD∶SA重量比在4∶1至0.25∶1的范围内，更优选在2∶1至0.5∶1的范围内。用于对纤维纸板基底上胶的有益配方是0.2至3.0kg/t的AKD、0.5至4.0kg/t的SA、0.5至2.0kg/t的湿强胶料如PAAE、和0.5至10kg/t的铝化合物。
因为SA具有降低纸板表面的静摩擦的倾向，而这可能导致纸板基底的处理中的困难，可以有益的是保持上胶组合物中SA的量相对较低，SA因此与AKD相比构成次要组分。纤维纸板基底因此可以含有小于0.9kg/t的SA，优选约0.75kg/t的SA。
为了增加摩擦，纤维纸板基底还可以含有0.5至2.0kg/t的松香胶料，已知其为纸板表面提供高静摩擦和聚合物涂层的更好粘附。
一个或多个聚合物涂层可以包含聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚酯。用于高压灭菌的优选选择是聚丙烯或聚酯。优选地，聚合物涂层的最小重量是14g/m2，这避免了保持在纸板基底与聚合物层之间的有害的空气气泡。
为了实现对侵蚀性化学物质如烈性酒或洗涤剂、或者苛刻条件如高压灭菌、热装料等的最大耐受性，更有益的是改变纸板的物理性质，主要关于纸板孔隙率/密度以及湿强和溶胀性质。例如，已经发现，纤维纸板基底的密度优选应为至少600kg/m3，优选至少650kg/m3并且最优选至少700kg/m3。
本发明还涉及由根据如上要求和讨论的发明的包装纸板制造的纸板包装。此类包装包括高压灭菌产品包装、乳制品包装以及洗涤剂包装。此外，本发明包括开口容器，例如由如以上要求的发明的包装纸板制造的纸板饮用杯。
本发明还涉及根据本发明的包装纸板的用于在至少130℃的温度下高压灭菌的包装的用途，以及根据本发明的包装纸板用于耐受含有至少30体积％的乙醇的烈性酒精饮料的一次性饮用杯的用途。优选地，该杯耐受含有约40体积％的乙醇的饮料。
实施例1(比较)
在中试造纸机中以45m/分钟的机器速度制造具有750kg/m3的密度和150g/m2的重量的纤维纸板基底。浆料是精制为SR22-25的100％桦木。对于上胶，将4kg/t的松香胶料和10kg/t的明矾加入至稠浆中，以每吨的成品纸板基底计算。所使用的AKD类别具有C18的碳链长度。在流浆箱(headbox)前，将浆料用具有6.5-6.8的pH的循环白水稀释。
首先从纸板基底的表面测量静摩擦。为了使毛边渗透(REP)测试在本发明中所需的最终聚合物涂布步骤之前进行，将纸板表面在两侧上用塑料膜遮掩，并且在不同液体中和不同条件下测量REP。结果如下：
实施例2(比较)
除了使用1.5kg/t的AKD与SA的1∶1混合物和5kg/t的明矾用于上胶之外，根据实施例1制造纤维纸板基底。如实施例1中一样，测试成品纸板基底的静摩擦和REP。结果如下：
实施例3(发明)
除了使用1.5kg/t的AKD与SA的1∶1混合物、1kg/t的PAAE和5kg/t的明矾用于上胶之外，根据实施例1制造纤维纸板基底。如实施例1中一样，测试成品纸板基底的静摩擦和REP。结果如下：
实施例4(比较)
除了使用2.5kg/t的AKD与SA的1∶1混合物和5kg/t的明矾用于上胶之外，根据实施例1制造纤维纸板基底。如实施例1中一样，测试成品纸板基底的静摩擦和REP。结果如下：
实施例5(比较)
根据实施例1制造纤维纸板基底，并且在一侧上用14g/m2的聚乙烯涂布并且在相反侧上用17g/m2的聚乙烯涂布，用于获得适用于一次性饮用杯的制造的杯纸板。通过使用有色液体测试涂布的杯纸板的毛边渗透(REP)。结果如下：
-REP有色热水(10分钟，93℃) ＜3mm
-REP奶油咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜3mm
-REP黑咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜11mm
实施例6(比较)
根据实施例2制造纤维纸板基底，并且在一侧上用14g/m2的聚乙烯涂布并且在相反侧上用17g/m2的聚乙烯涂布，用于获得适用于一次性饮用杯的制造的杯纸板。通过使用有色液体测试涂布的杯纸板的毛边渗透(REP)。结果如下：
-REP有色热水(10分钟，93℃) ＜4mm
-REP奶油咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜2mm
-REP黑咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜11mm
实施例7(发明)
根据实施例3制造纤维纸板基底，并且在一侧上用14g/m2的聚乙烯涂布，并且在相反侧上用17g/m2的聚乙烯涂布，用于获得适用于一次性饮用杯的制造的杯纸板。通过使用有色液体测试涂布的杯纸板的毛边渗透(REP)。结果如下：
-REP有色热水(10分钟，93℃) ＜1mm
-REP奶油咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜1mm
-REP黑咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜3mm
实施例8(比较)
根据实施例4制造纤维纸板基底，并且在一侧上用14g/m2的聚乙烯涂布，并且在相反侧上用17g/m2的聚乙烯涂布，用于获得适用于一次性饮用杯的制造的杯纸板。通过使用有色液体测试涂布的杯纸板的毛边渗透(REP)。结果如下：
-REP有色热水(10分钟，93℃) ＜1mm
-REP奶油咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜1mm
-REP黑咖啡(10分钟，93℃) ＜2mm
以上实施例1-8显示传统的松香上胶在乳酸和高压灭菌REP测试中表现表现非常差。用AKD和SA上胶在两方面都是相当大的改进，但是对于热的黑咖啡来说，沿着毛边的明显着色仍是一个问题。增加AKD和SA胶料的量解决了关于咖啡的问题，但是增加的静摩擦是明显的缺点。如由本发明的发明人教导的，替代地加入相应量的湿强胶料，对于咖啡来说提供了相似的改进，同时避免了静摩擦缺陷。对于整体性能，发现根据本发明的纸板是优于所测试的比较例的改进。

Claims (9)

1.包含纤维基底和在所述纤维基底的一侧或两侧上的一个或多个聚合物涂层的包装纸板的用途，所述纤维基底含有烷基乙烯酮二聚体(AKD)胶料、硬脂酸酐(SA)、湿强胶料和铝化合物的组合，赋予所述纸板对溶解液以及热处理的耐受性，其特征在于所述纤维纸板基底含有小于0.9kg/t的SA，而AKD∶SA重量比在2∶1至0.5∶1的范围内，并且所述包装纸板用于在至少130℃的温度下高压灭菌的包装。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途，其中所述AKD胶料具有C18-C22的碳链长度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用途，其中所述纤维基底还含有较长链的脂肪酸的酸酐，如棕榈酸酐。
4.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的用途，其中所述湿强胶料是聚酰胺基胺表氯醇树脂(PAAE)。
5.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的用途，其中所述铝化合物是明矾。
6.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的用途，其中所述纤维纸板基底含有约0.75kg/t的SA。
7.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的用途，其中所述纤维纸板基底还含有0.5至2.0kg/t的松香胶料。
8.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的用途，其中聚合物涂层包含聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚酯。
9.根据在前权利要求中任一项所述的用途，其中AKD∶SA重量比为1∶1。
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