CN108683202B - Energy storage system - Google Patents
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- CN108683202B CN108683202B CN201810328494.4A CN201810328494A CN108683202B CN 108683202 B CN108683202 B CN 108683202B CN 201810328494 A CN201810328494 A CN 201810328494A CN 108683202 B CN108683202 B CN 108683202B
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001672018 Cercomela melanura Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H02J7/0026—
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- H02J7/008—
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- H02J7/0088—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system, which comprises a battery system and a battery management system BMS (battery management system) connected with the battery system, wherein the battery system comprises at least one group of battery modules, and each battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; the battery management system BMS acquires the temperature of a battery module and the voltage of a single battery in the battery module, obtains the output power of the single battery by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, and calculates the output power of the battery module in real time to obtain the system output power of the battery system; the energy storage system can predict the system output power of the battery system in real time, and the battery system with the modular design is adopted, so that the capacity expansion is more convenient, and the energy storage system can be applied to various scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system.
Background
The continuous deepening of global energy crisis and the increasing deterioration of environment make the revolution of energy field urgent. New energy power generation modes such as wind and light generated by the wind and light are gradually developed, wherein a distributed power generation technology is an effective mode for connecting new energy power generation into a large power grid. The micro-grid is a small autonomous power distribution system which cooperatively supplies power to user loads by connecting a plurality of groups of distributed power supplies and an energy storage unit in parallel, and has the advantages of flexible installation, reliable power supply, high efficiency, cleanness and the like.
The conventional energy storage system cannot predict the output power of the battery system in real time according to the electric core capacity of the battery system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an energy storage system which can predict the system output power of a battery system in real time, and the battery system which is designed in a modularized mode is adopted, so that the capacity expansion is more convenient, and the energy storage system can be applied to various scenes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an energy storage system comprises a battery system and a battery management system BMS connected with the battery system, wherein the battery system comprises at least one group of battery modules, and each battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; the battery management system BMS collects the temperature of the battery module and the voltage of the single battery in the battery module, obtains the output power of the single battery by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, and calculates the output power of the battery system in real time.
Preferably, the battery management system BMS is a secondary control architecture including a plurality of primary slave SBMUs for acquiring operating state information of the battery module and a secondary master SBCU connected to the plurality of primary slave SBMUs; the battery system comprises a plurality of groups of battery modules, each battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series, and one battery module is connected with one primary slave SBMU of the battery management system BMS.
Preferably, be equipped with in the battery module rather than correspond the one-level of being connected from controlling SBMU, one-level from controlling SBMU with the monomer battery voltage of each monomer battery is gathered in the connection of a plurality of monomer batteries of establishing ties, the battery module is still including the temperature sensor who is used for gathering the battery module temperature, and the one-level is connected from controlling SBMU and temperature sensor.
Preferably, the battery management system further comprises an energy storage inverter PCS connected with the battery management system BMS, and the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS.
Preferably, the battery module further comprises a module cooling fan, the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the module cooling fan, and controls the start/stop of the module cooling fan.
Preferably, the system also comprises an alternating current power-on circuit, a direct current power-on circuit, a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1, a relay KM1, an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit;
the public power grid is connected with a secondary main control SBCU of a battery management system BMS through an alternating current power-on circuit, the battery system is connected with the secondary main control SBCU through a direct current power-on circuit, the negative electrode of the battery system is connected with an energy storage inverter PCS through a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1 and a relay KM1 which are sequentially connected in series, the positive electrode of the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit which are sequentially connected in series, and the secondary main control SBCU is connected with a relay KM1 and controls the on/off of the battery system.
Preferably, the battery management system further comprises a high-voltage box, wherein the alternating current power-on circuit, the direct current power-on circuit, the fuse FR1, the shunt FL1, the relay KM1, the air switch QF1 and the pre-charging circuit are arranged in the high-voltage box, a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is installed in the high-voltage box, a primary auxiliary control SBMU of the battery management system BMS is arranged in the corresponding battery module, and the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through the high-voltage box.
Preferably, the pre-charging circuit comprises a relay KM2, a relay KM3 and a pre-charging resistor R0, the positive electrode of the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through an air switch QF1, a pre-charging resistor R0 and a relay KM3 which are sequentially connected in series, and the relay KM2 is connected in parallel at two ends of the pre-charging resistor R0 and the relay KM 3.
Preferably, the high-voltage box further comprises a high-voltage box operation panel, and an air switch QF2, a self-reset switch SB1, an air switch QF3, a module communication set connector, a direct-current input positive interface, a direct-current input negative interface, an emergency stop switch and indicator light interface, an energy storage inverter PCS communication interface, a public power grid power supply interface, a direct-current output positive interface and a direct-current output negative interface are arranged on the high-voltage box operation panel;
the secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is connected with the primary slave control SBMU of the battery management system BMS through a module communication set interface; the secondary main control SBCU is connected with a public power grid through a power interface of the public power grid; the secondary main control SBCU is respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery system through a direct-current power supply input anode interface and a direct-current power supply input cathode interface; the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the emergency stop switch, the green indicator light and the red indicator light through the emergency stop switch and the indicator light interface; the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through the energy storage inverter PCS communication interface; and the energy storage inverter PCS is connected with a user load through a direct current output positive electrode interface and a direct current output negative electrode interface.
Preferably, the alternating current power-on circuit comprises an air switch QF2 and a first AC/DC converter, each phase of the public power grid is connected with an alternating current end of the AC/DC converter through an air switch QF2, and a direct current end of the first AC/DC converter is connected with a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS;
during operation, the air switch QF2 is closed, after the initialization of the energy storage system is completed, the secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS controls the relay KM1 and the relay KM3 to be closed, the battery management system BMS is automatically precharged, after the precharging is completed, the secondary main control SBCU controls the relay KM2 to be closed, the control relay KM3 is disconnected, and the high-voltage electrification of the energy storage system is completed.
Preferably, the direct current power-on circuit comprises a first DC/DC converter, a relay KM4, a self-reset switch SB1 and an air switch QF3, wherein the positive electrode of the battery system is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter through the air switch QF3 and the relay KM4 which are sequentially connected in series, the self-reset switch SB1 is connected with the relay KM4 in parallel, the negative electrode of the battery system is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter, and the output end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS;
during operation, the air switch QF3 is closed, then the self-reset switch SB1 is pressed, after initialization of the energy storage system is completed, the secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS controls the relay KM1 and the relay KM3 to be closed, the battery management system BMS automatically carries out pre-charging, after pre-charging is completed, the secondary main control SBCU controls the relay KM2 to be closed, the relay KM3 is disconnected, and high-voltage power-on of the energy storage system is completed.
Preferably, including the rack, the rack is inside to set up the battery module of multiunit from top to bottom range upon range of setting and the high-pressure box that links to each other with the battery module, and the battery module passes through the copper bar and connects in series in proper order and links to each other with the high-pressure box, and cabinet body top sets up the rack fan, and cabinet door upper portion sets up the display screen, and the display screen passes through the CAN bus and links to each other with battery management system BMS for the running state information of display battery system.
Preferably, the primary slave control SBMU acquires the voltage of each single battery in the battery module connected with the primary slave control SBMU and the temperature of the battery module in the battery module, obtains the current of each single battery based on a voltage-temperature-current curve of each single battery, obtains the output power of each single battery by multiplying the voltage of each single battery by the current of each single battery, and then collects the output power of a plurality of single batteries in the battery module to obtain the output power of the battery module; and the secondary main control SBCU collects the output power of each battery module to obtain the system output power of the battery system.
The energy storage system comprises a battery system, wherein the battery system comprises at least one group of battery modules and the battery modules in modular design, and the capacity increase/reduction of the battery system is convenient and quick; the battery management system BMS can acquire the voltage of the single battery and the temperature of the battery module of the single battery in real time, predict the system output power of the battery system in real time by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, avoid the overcharge/discharge of the battery system and prolong the service life of the battery system. The battery management system BMS of the energy storage system can predict the system output power of the battery system in real time, so that the energy storage inverter PCS can control the charging/discharging of the battery system according to the system output power provided by the battery management system BMS, the over-charging/discharging of the battery system is avoided, peak clipping and valley filling can be carried out according to the system output power provided by the battery management system BMS according to the electricity price and the load power supply condition of a public power grid, the energy use efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced. In addition, the high-voltage box comprises an alternating current power-on circuit and a direct current power-on circuit, the direct current power-on circuit can realize the 'black start' of the high-voltage box, the situation that the high-voltage box is damaged due to the fact that the alternating current power-on circuit is powered off is avoided, and moreover, the 'black start' design also expands the application scene of the high-voltage box, so that the high-voltage box can be normally used in the scene without a public power grid; the display screen is a touch screen, so that a user can conveniently check the running state information and the system parameters of the battery system, and can conveniently write and adjust the system parameters through the touch screen.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit topology of the energy storage system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit topology diagram of the high voltage box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit topology diagram of the battery module of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an operation panel of the high-voltage box according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the expandable rack-mounted energy storage system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a battery system according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of maximum charging current-voltage variation of a single battery according to the present invention at different temperatures;
fig. 8 is a graph of maximum discharge current-voltage variation of the unit cell of the present invention at different temperatures.
Detailed Description
The following description will further describe embodiments of the energy storage system according to the present invention with reference to the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 8. The energy storage system of the invention is not limited to the description of the following embodiments.
The energy storage system comprises a battery system and a battery management system BMS connected with the battery system, wherein the battery system comprises at least one group of battery modules, and each battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; the battery management system BMS collects the temperature of the battery module and the voltage of the single battery in the battery module, obtains the output power of the single battery by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, and calculates the output power of the battery system in real time.
At present, the capacity of a battery system is mostly a fixed value, the capacity is not easy to change, the grid connection mode is single, and the real-time prediction of the system output power of the battery system cannot be carried out according to the temperature of the battery system and the capacity of a single battery. According to the energy storage system, the battery system comprises the battery module in a modular design, so that the capacity increasing/reducing of the battery system is convenient and fast; the battery management system BMS can calculate the system outputtable power of the battery system in real time according to the voltage of the single battery and the temperature of the battery module which are acquired in real time and by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, thereby realizing the real-time prediction of the system outputtable power of the battery system and avoiding the occurrence of the overcharge/discharge condition of the battery system.
The energy storage system of the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1-5 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is an expandable rack-type energy storage system, and can be used for a commercial peak clipping and valley filling energy storage system.
As shown in fig. 5, the scalable rack-type energy storage system of the present invention includes a battery system and a battery management system BMS connected to the battery system, the battery system is connected to the battery management system BMS, the battery management system BMS is connected to an energy storage inverter PCS, the energy storage inverter PCS is connected to an AC power distribution system and a bidirectional electric meter in turn, the bidirectional electric meter can directly output 480V AC voltage, and can also output 380V AC voltage through a transformer for inputting a public power grid and supplying power to a load. The battery management system BMS can calculate the system output power of the battery system in real time according to the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery and the temperature of the battery module of the single battery of the battery module which are collected in real time, so that the real-time prediction of the system output power of the battery system is realized, the energy storage inverter PCS can control the charging/discharging of the battery system according to the system output power provided by the battery management system BMS, the condition that the battery system is overcharged/discharged is avoided, the peak clipping and valley filling can be carried out according to the electricity price and the load power supply condition of a public power grid according to the system output power provided by the battery management system BMS, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced. Preferably, the energy storage system may further include an energy management system EMS, the battery management system BMS is connected to the energy management system EMS and the energy storage inverter PCS, and the energy storage inverter PCS and the energy management system EMS perform application control based on the system outputtable power provided by the battery management system BMS.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the battery system comprises a cabinet, 12 groups of battery modules stacked from top to bottom and a high-voltage box connected with the battery modules are arranged in the cabinet, and the 12 groups of battery modules are sequentially connected in series through copper bars and connected with the high-voltage box. Of course, the adjacent battery modules may be sequentially connected in series through the lead. It should be noted that the number of the battery modules can be adjusted according to the capacity of the solar power generation system and the power demand of the user. The battery management system BMS is a two-level control architecture and comprises a plurality of primary secondary SBMUs for collecting the running state information of the battery module and a two-level main control SBCU connected with the plurality of primary secondary SBMUs; the battery system comprises a plurality of groups of battery modules, each battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series, one battery module is connected with one-level slave SBMU of the battery management system BMS, a secondary master control SBCU of the BMS is installed in the high-voltage box, the one-level slave SBMU of the BMS is arranged in the corresponding battery module, and the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through the high-voltage box. As shown in fig. 3, the battery module includes a plurality of the battery cell of establishing ties, be equipped with in the battery module rather than correspond the one-level of being connected from controlling the SBMU, the one-level from controlling the SBMU with the battery cell of a plurality of series connections is connected the battery cell voltage of gathering each battery cell, the battery module is still including the temperature sensor who is used for gathering the battery module temperature, and the one-level is connected with temperature sensor from controlling the SBMU, gathers the battery module temperature. As shown in fig. 3, the battery module includes 14 cells connected in series, 2 temperature sensors, a 20pin communication connector and a module cooling fan, 14 cells are respectively connected with a primary slave SBMU of the battery management system BMS, 2 temperature sensors are connected with the primary slave SBMU, the 20pin communication connector is connected with the primary slave SBMU, 12 20pin communication connectors are integrated and connected with a secondary master SBCU of the battery management system BMS, so as to realize communication between different primary slave SBMUs and communication between the primary slave SBMU and the secondary master SBCU, and the secondary master SBCU is connected with the module cooling fan through the 20pin communication connector and controls the start/stop of the module cooling fan. Of course, the 20pin communication connector can be two 10pin connectors connected in series, and other connection structures can be adopted according to the needs.
Preferably, the model of the primary slave control SBMU is QT-SBMU-14T03A, the model of the secondary master control is QT-SBCU-3122, and the primary slave control SBMU and the secondary master control execute the method for predicting the system outputtable power of the battery system in real time based on the temperature; the temperature sensor can adopt an NTC temperature probe; the voltage of the single battery can be calculated through sampling signals at two ends of the single battery or realized through a voltage acquisition circuit or a special chip.
Preferably, the primary slave SBMU acquires the voltage of each single battery in the battery module connected with the primary slave SBMU and the temperature of the battery module in the battery module, obtains the current of each single battery based on a voltage-temperature-current curve or a voltage-temperature-current meter of each single battery, obtains the output power of each single battery by multiplying the voltage of each single battery by the current of each single battery, and then summarizes the output power of a plurality of single batteries in the battery module to obtain the output power of the battery module; and the secondary main control SBCU collects the output power of each battery module to obtain the system output power of the battery system.
For example, as shown in table two or fig. 7, when the temperature of the battery module is equal to or lower than 15 ℃ and equal to or lower than 45 ℃ and the voltage of the single battery is 3.00V, it can be known from the look-up table two that the maximum chargeable current of the single battery is 77.67a, and therefore, the maximum outputtable power of the battery module is 14 × 3V × 77.67a — 3262.14W, and the maximum outputtable power of the battery system is 12 × 3262.14W — 39145.68W.
Preferably, when the temperature of the battery module is greater than or equal to 28 ℃, the secondary main control SBCU control module cooling fan is started, and when the temperature of the battery module is less than or equal to 25 ℃, the secondary main control SBCU control module cooling fan is stopped, so that the battery system is ensured to work within a certain temperature range, and the service life of the battery system is prolonged. It should be noted that when any one of the primary slave SBMUs detects a temperature abnormality, the secondary master SBCU can control all the cooling fans to start.
Preferably, the nominal voltage of the battery cell is 3.7VDC, the discharge current of the battery cell is 63Ah, the nominal voltage of the battery module is 3.7VDC × 14-51.8 VDC, and the energy storage capacity of the battery system is 12 × 14 × 3.7V × 63 Ah-39.2 kWh. The 14 single batteries of the battery module are sequentially connected in series through a copper bar or sequentially connected in series through a lead.
The rack includes the cabinet body and sets up the cabinet door in cabinet body front side, and cabinet body top sets up the rack fan, and rack fan both sides set up the rack lug, and cabinet door upper portion sets up the display screen, and the display screen right side from top to bottom sets gradually red pilot lamp, green pilot lamp and emergency stop switch, and the cabinet door lower part sets up a plurality of louvres.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the energy storage system includes a high-voltage box connected to the battery system, a battery management system BMS electrically connected to the energy storage inverter PCS through the high-voltage box, and an energy storage inverter PCS connected to the battery management system BMS through a CAN bus. Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the model of the energy storage inverter PCS is CPS ECB30 KTL-O/US-MANUAL.
Battery management system BMS is the second grade control framework, it is including setting up the one-level slave control SBMU that links to each other at inside second grade master control SBCU of high-pressure box and 12 and second grade master control SBCU, 12 one-level slave control SBMU links to each other with second grade master control SBCU through 12 20pin communication connectors and parallelly connected, second grade master control SBCU just provides working power supply through 20pin communication connectors and one-level slave control SBMU communication for it, second grade master control SBCU passes through CAN bus or RS485 communication mode and links to each other with energy storage inverter PCS. An alternating current power-on circuit, a direct current power-on circuit, a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1, a relay KM1, an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit are further arranged in the high-voltage box.
The battery management system BMS can collect the running state information of the battery system, including the temperature of the battery module, the voltage of the single battery, the charging/discharging current of the single battery, the voltage of the battery module, the charging/discharging current of the battery module, the voltage of the battery system and the charging/discharging current of the battery system, the insulation value of the positive pole and the negative pole to the ground and all relay information.
The battery module comprises two temperature sensors for collecting the temperature of the battery module, a voltage sensor for collecting the voltage of the single battery and a current sensor for collecting the charging/discharging current of the single battery, and a battery management system BMS is connected with the temperature sensors, the voltage sensors and the current sensors. The battery management system BMS also collects voltage information of each single battery through a sampling chip, adopts a current divider to collect bus current information, adopts an NTC temperature probe to collect temperature information, and adopts an insulation detection module to collect positive and negative ground insulation resistance values.
Preferably, the secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is connected to the shunt FL1 of the high voltage box, and collects a bus current of the negative bus to determine whether the input/output of the battery system is overcurrent. Of course, the secondary main control SBCU may also acquire the bus current of the negative bus through the hall current sensor, but the acquisition precision is lower.
And a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is respectively connected with a node V1 between an air switch QF1 of the high-voltage box and the pre-charging circuit, and a node V3 between a relay KM1 of the high-voltage box and the energy storage inverter PCS, and is used for detecting the state of the relay KM2 and judging whether KM2 is adhered or not.
And a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is respectively connected with a node V2 between a fuse FR1 and a shunt FL1 of the high-voltage box, and a node V3 between a relay KM1 of the high-voltage box and the energy storage inverter PCS, and is used for detecting the state of the relay KM1 and judging whether the relay KM1 is adhered or not.
The battery management system BMS CAN calculate the output power of the battery module according to the voltage of the single battery and the temperature of the battery module which are collected by the primary slave control SBMU and by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, collects the output power of the battery module to obtain the maximum system output power of the battery system, and transmits the maximum system output power to the energy storage inverter PCS through the CAN bus.
The following is a data table of the maximum charging/discharging current of the single battery changing with the voltage of the single battery and the temperature of the battery module, and specifically includes the following steps:
table one: the maximum charging current of the battery system changes along with the voltage/temperature change of the single battery
Table two: the maximum discharge current of the battery system varies with the voltage/temperature of the single battery
Fig. 7 and 8 are graphs plotted based on the data of table one and table two, respectively.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, an alternating current power-on circuit, a direct current power-on circuit, a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1, a relay KM1, an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit are arranged in the high-voltage box.
Preferably, the fuse FR1 is of a type BUSMANN 170M1808, 100A; the specification of the shunt FL1 is 300A, 75 mA.
The public power grid is electrically connected with a secondary main control SBCU of a battery management system BMS through an alternating current power-on circuit, the battery system is electrically connected with the secondary main control SBCU through a direct current power-on circuit, the negative electrode of the battery system is connected with an energy storage inverter PCS through a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1 and a relay KM1 which are sequentially connected in series, the positive electrode of the battery system is electrically connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit which are sequentially connected in series, the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the relay KM1 and controls the on/off of the secondary main control SBCU, and when the current in a negative bus is overcurrent, the fuse FR1 can cut off the circuit to protect the battery system.
The alternating current power-on circuit comprises an air switch QF2 and a first AC/DC converter, each phase of a public power grid is connected with the alternating current end of the first AC/DC converter through the air switch QF2, and the direct current end of the first AC/DC converter is electrically connected with the secondary main control SBCU. During operation, air switch QF2 is closed, the green pilot lamp of high-pressure box can twinkle a plurality of seconds, show that energy storage system is initializing, after the initialization is accomplished, the green pilot lamp is normally bright if no abnormity, relay KM1 and relay KM3 of high-pressure box are closed to second grade master control SBCU control, battery management system BMS is automatic to carry out the precharge, after the precharge is accomplished, relay KM2 closed that second grade master control SBCU controls high-pressure box, relay KM3 disconnection, accomplish energy storage system's high pressure power-on.
Preferably, the public power grid provides 340-550V three-phase alternating current power supply or provides 340-550V two-phase alternating current power supply.
Preferably, the utility grid provides 480V three-phase ac power.
The direct current power-on circuit comprises a first DC/DC converter, a relay KM4, a self-reset switch SB1 and an air switch QF3, wherein the positive electrode of a battery system is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter through the air switch QF3 and the relay KM4 which are sequentially connected in series, the self-reset switch SB1 is connected with the relay KM4 in parallel, the negative electrode of the battery system is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter, and the output end of the first DC/DC converter is electrically connected with a secondary main control SBCU of a battery management system BMS. During work, the air switch QF3 is closed, then the self-reset switch SB1 is pressed for 1-2s, the green indicator light of the high-voltage box flickers for a plurality of seconds, for example, 4-5s indicates that the energy storage system is initialized, after initialization is completed, the green indicator light is normally on if no abnormity exists, the secondary main control SBCU controls the relay KM2 of the high-voltage box to be closed, the relay KM3 is disconnected, and high-voltage electrification of the system is completed.
Both the ac power-up circuit and the dc power-up circuit can provide a 24VDC operating power supply for the energy storage system of the present invention.
It should be noted that the scalable rack-and-cabinet energy storage system of the present invention may include only a dc power-up circuit, and the black start of the present invention may be achieved even if the present invention is started without a public power grid. Certainly, the invention can also comprise a direct current power-on circuit and an alternating current power-on circuit at the same time, when the invention is powered on, the alternating current power-on circuit is preferentially used for powering on the energy storage system, after the power on is successful, the relay KM4 of the direct current power-on circuit is automatically closed, the air switch QF3 is manually closed, and the direct current power-on circuit is used as a standby power supply, so that when the public power grid is powered off, the condition that the service life of the relay is influenced by the fact that the relay is cut off under the condition of load is avoided, and the normal work of the invention is also ensured.
When the power-off device is turned off, the following operations are carried out:
1. confirming that the invention does not output the user load, and the energy storage inverter PCS does not charge/discharge the battery system;
2. an air switch QF3 of a direct current power-on circuit of the high-voltage box is disconnected, and a relay in the circuit is disconnected;
3. and the air switch QF2 of the alternating current power-on circuit of the high-voltage box is disconnected, and the energy storage system is shut down.
The pre-charging circuit comprises a relay KM2, a relay KM3 and a pre-charging resistor R0, the positive electrode of the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through an air switch QF1, a pre-charging resistor R0 and a relay KM3 which are sequentially connected in series, the relay KM2 is connected with the two ends of the pre-charging resistor R0 and the relay KM3 in parallel, and the secondary main control SBCU is respectively connected with the relay KM2 and the relay KM3 and controls the on/off of the relay KM2 and the relay KM 3.
Preferably, the specification of the pre-charging resistor R0 is 150 Ω and 100W. It should be noted that the resistance value of the pre-charging resistor R0 changes with the change of the battery system voltage of the battery system.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the high-voltage box comprises a high-voltage box operation panel, and an air switch QF2, a self-reset switch SB1, an air switch QF3, a module communication set coupling port, a dc input positive electrode interface, a dc input negative electrode interface, an emergency stop switch and indicator light interface, an energy storage inverter PCS communication interface, a public power grid power supply interface, a dc output positive electrode interface and a dc output negative electrode interface are arranged on the high-voltage box operation panel.
Preferably, the air switches QF2 and QF3 can also be arranged on the cabinet door of the cabinet.
The circuit connection positions and relationships of the air switch QF2, the self-reset switch SB1 and the air switch QF3 are described above and will not be described in detail here. And a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is connected with the 20pin communication connector through a module communication set interface, so that the communication between the secondary main control SBCU and the primary slave control SBMU is realized. The positive electrode of the battery system is connected with an air switch QF3 and an air switch QF1 through direct current input positive electrode interfaces respectively, and the negative electrode of the battery system is connected with the direct current input end of the first DC/DC converter through a direct current input negative electrode interface. The emergency stop switch is connected in series with the power supply positive electrode input end of the secondary main control SBCU through the emergency stop switch and the indicator light interface and used for cutting off the working power supply of the battery management system BMS, and the green indicator light and the red indicator light are connected with the secondary main control SBCU through the emergency stop switch and the indicator light interface. The utility grid is electrically connected with the air switch QF2 through a utility grid power interface. The high-voltage box is connected with a user load through a direct-current output positive interface and a direct-current output negative interface.
The energy storage inverter PCS comprises EMS, when the energy storage inverter PCS charges/discharges the battery system with the system output power of the battery system as the upper limit, the battery management system BMS reports the maximum charging/discharging current of the battery system to the energy storage inverter PCS in real time through the CAN bus, and the energy storage inverter PCS controls the charging/discharging current of the battery system not to exceed the maximum charging/discharging current of the battery system reported by the battery management system BMS.
Preferably, the EMS performs power scheduling on the battery system by taking the system output power as an upper limit, so as to realize an optimal most economical grid-connected strategy.
When the energy storage inverter PCS charges/discharges the battery system, the battery management system BMS detects the running state of the battery system in real time through various sensors and sends alarm information, and the energy storage inverter PCS performs alarm hierarchical control on the battery system:
when the battery system is charged: the primary alarm is carried out, after the primary alarm is carried out, the current value reported to the battery system of the energy storage inverter PCS by the battery management system BMS is reduced by half, and the charging current is controlled by the EMS not to exceed the current value reported by the battery management system BMS in real time; the secondary alarm is carried out, on the premise of forbidding charging to the battery system, if the alarm is 'single voltage high', 'total voltage high' and 'charging current large', the battery system can be allowed to discharge, and the discharge is forbidden under other conditions; and (3) three-level alarming, stopping the energy storage inverter PCS, cutting off a main positive/main negative relay after the battery management system BMS delays for 3s, manually overhauling, and electrifying the energy storage system again after the fault is eliminated.
When the battery system discharges: the method comprises the following steps of performing primary alarm, namely after the primary alarm occurs, reducing the current value reported to the energy storage inverter PCS by the battery management system BMS by half, and controlling the real-time discharge current of the battery system not to exceed the current value reported by the battery management system BMS by the EMS; a secondary alarm, wherein on the premise of prohibiting the battery system from discharging, if the alarm is "single low (single battery voltage low)", "total voltage low (battery system total voltage low)", "discharge current large (battery system discharge current large)", the charging to the battery system is permitted, and the charging to the battery system is prohibited under other conditions; and (4) three-level alarming, stopping the energy storage inverter PCS, and cutting off a main positive/main negative relay after the battery management system BMS delays for 3 s. And manual maintenance is needed, and the energy storage system is electrified again after the fault is eliminated. The following table is table three, which respectively lists the types of the first-level alarm, the second-level alarm and the third-level alarm, and specifically shows the following table:
it should be noted that the present invention includes two basic modes of operation, a normal mode and a debug mode.
In the normal mode, namely after the energy storage system is normally powered on, the battery is normal, the main positive/main negative relay is automatically closed, the battery system is in a charging/discharging waiting state, and a user can observe various parameters of the battery management system BMS and running state information of the battery system through a display screen or an upper computer.
The debugging mode is that no matter the battery system is charged or discharged, once three-level alarm occurs, the battery management system BMS cuts off the main positive/main negative relay, and the state of the main positive/main negative relay is controlled by the upper computer, namely, the debugging mode is entered; if the battery system is under-voltage or overvoltage, the battery system is charged or discharged by utilizing a manual mode of the energy storage inverter PCS, the battery management system BMS loses an automatic protection function in the mode, when the alarm occurs again, the battery management system BMS cannot cut off a main positive/main negative relay, the energy storage system is restarted after a user gets rid of the fault, and the battery management system BMS automatically recognizes and enters a normal mode.
Preferably, the expandable rack-type energy storage system further comprises a display screen, a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is connected with the display screen through a UCS, the secondary main control SBCU and the UCS are communicated through a CAN bus, the UCS and the display screen are provided with a working power supply, and the display screen is used for displaying running state information of the battery system.
Preferably, the display screen is a touch screen display screen, and a user can set a numerical value of power which can be output by a system of the battery management system BMS through the display screen.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (11)
1. An energy storage system, characterized by: the battery management system BMS is connected with the battery system, the battery system comprises at least one group of battery modules, and each battery module comprises a plurality of single batteries connected in series; the battery management system BMS acquires the temperature of a battery module and the voltage of a single battery in the battery module, obtains the output power of the single battery by combining the voltage-temperature-current curve of the single battery, and calculates the output power of the battery module in real time to obtain the system output power of the battery system;
the battery management system BMS is a two-level control framework and comprises a plurality of primary secondary SBMUs for collecting running state information of a battery module and a two-level master control SBCU connected with the primary SBMUs, wherein one battery module is connected with one primary SBMU of the battery management system BMS, the battery module is internally provided with the primary secondary SBMU correspondingly connected with the battery module, and the two-level master control SBCU is communicated with the primary secondary SBMU and provides a working power supply for the primary secondary SBMU;
the energy storage system also comprises an energy storage inverter PCS connected with the battery management system BMS, the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS, and the energy storage inverter PCS can control the charging/discharging of the battery system according to the system output power provided by the battery management system BMS;
the energy storage system further comprises an alternating current power-on circuit, a direct current power-on circuit, a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1, a relay KM1, an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit; the public power grid is connected with a secondary main control SBCU of a battery management system BMS through an alternating current power-on circuit, the battery system is connected with the secondary main control SBCU through a direct current power-on circuit, the negative electrode of the battery system is connected with an energy storage inverter PCS through a fuse FR1, a shunt FL1 and a relay KM1 which are sequentially connected in series, the positive electrode of the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through an air switch QF1 and a pre-charging circuit which are sequentially connected in series, and the secondary main control SBCU is connected with a relay KM1 and controls the on/off of the battery system.
2. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the battery system comprises a plurality of groups of battery modules, and each battery module is formed by connecting a plurality of single batteries in series.
3. The energy storage system of claim 2, wherein: the accuse SBMU is followed to the one-level with the battery cell voltage of each battery cell is gathered in the connection of a plurality of battery cells of establishing ties, the battery module is still including the temperature sensor who is used for gathering the battery module temperature, and the accuse SBMU is followed to the one-level and is connected with temperature sensor.
4. The energy storage system of claim 3, wherein: the battery module further comprises a module heat dissipation fan, the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the module heat dissipation fan and controls the starting/stopping of the module heat dissipation fan.
5. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: still include the high-pressure box, the circuit is gone up to the interchange, the circuit is gone up to the direct current, fuse FR1, shunt FL1, relay KM1, air switch QF1 and pre-charge circuit setting are in the high-pressure box, and battery management system BMS's second grade master control SBCU installs in the high-pressure box, and battery management system BMS's one-level is followed accuse SBMU and is set up in the battery module that corresponds, and battery system passes through the high-pressure box and is connected with energy storage inverter PCS.
6. The energy storage system of claim 1, wherein: the pre-charging circuit comprises a relay KM2, a relay KM3 and a pre-charging resistor R0, the positive electrode of the battery system is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through an air switch QF1, a pre-charging resistor R0 and a relay KM3 which are sequentially connected in series, the relay KM2 is connected with the two ends of the pre-charging resistor R0 and the relay KM3 in parallel, and the secondary main control SBCU is respectively connected with the relay KM2 and the relay KM3 and controls the on/off of the relay KM2 and the relay KM 3.
7. The energy storage system of claim 5, wherein: the high-voltage box also comprises a high-voltage box operation panel, wherein an air switch QF2, a self-reset switch SB1, an air switch QF3, a module communication set connecting port, a direct-current input positive electrode interface, a direct-current input negative electrode interface, an emergency stop switch and indicator lamp interface, an energy storage inverter PCS (power system) communication interface, a public power grid power supply interface, a direct-current output positive electrode interface and a direct-current output negative electrode interface are arranged on the high-voltage box operation panel;
the secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS is connected with the primary slave control SBMU of the battery management system BMS through a module communication set interface; the secondary main control SBCU is connected with a public power grid through a power interface of the public power grid; the secondary main control SBCU is respectively connected with the anode and the cathode of the battery system through a direct-current power supply input anode interface and a direct-current power supply input cathode interface; the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the emergency stop switch, the green indicator light and the red indicator light through the emergency stop switch and the indicator light interface; the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the energy storage inverter PCS through the energy storage inverter PCS communication interface; and the energy storage inverter PCS is connected with a user load through a direct current output positive electrode interface and a direct current output negative electrode interface.
8. The energy storage system of claim 6, wherein: the alternating current power-on circuit comprises an air switch QF2 and a first AC/DC converter, each phase of a public power grid is connected with the alternating current end of the AC/DC converter through the air switch QF2, and the direct current end of the first AC/DC converter is connected with a secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS;
during operation, the air switch QF2 is closed, after the initialization of the energy storage system is completed, the secondary main control SBCU of the battery management system BMS controls the relay KM1 and the relay KM3 to be closed, the battery management system BMS is automatically precharged, after the precharging is completed, the secondary main control SBCU controls the relay KM2 to be closed, the control relay KM3 is disconnected, and the high-voltage electrification of the energy storage system is completed.
9. The energy storage system of claim 6, wherein:
the energy storage system also comprises a high-voltage box, wherein the alternating current power-on circuit, the direct current power-on circuit, the fuse FR1, the shunt FL1, the relay KM1, the air switch QF1 and the pre-charging circuit are arranged in the high-voltage box;
the high-voltage box also comprises a high-voltage box operation panel, an emergency stop switch and an indicator light interface are arranged on the high-voltage box operation panel, and the secondary main control SBCU is connected with the emergency stop switch, the green indicator light and the red indicator light through the emergency stop switch and the indicator light interface;
the direct current power-on circuit comprises a first DC/DC converter, a relay KM4, a self-reset switch SB1 and an air switch QF3, wherein the anode of a battery system is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter through the air switch QF3 and the relay KM4 which are sequentially connected in series, the self-reset switch SB1 is connected with the relay KM4 in parallel, the cathode of the battery system is connected with the input end of the first DC/DC converter, and the output end of the first DC/DC converter is connected with a secondary main control SBCU of a battery management system BMS;
during operation, air switch QF3 is closed, then self-reset switch SB1 is pressed, the green pilot lamp of high-voltage box flickers, after the initialization of the energy storage system is completed, the green pilot lamp is normally on if no abnormal condition exists, secondary main control SBCU of battery management system BMS controls relay KM1 and relay KM3 to be closed, the battery management system BMS automatically carries out pre-charging, after the pre-charging is completed, secondary main control SBCU controls relay KM2 to be closed, relay KM3 is disconnected, and the high-voltage power-on of the energy storage system is completed.
10. The energy storage system of claim 2, wherein: including the rack, the rack is inside to set up the battery module of multiunit from top to bottom range upon range of setting and the high-pressure box that links to each other with the battery module, and the battery module passes through the copper bar and connects in series in proper order and links to each other with the high-pressure box, and cabinet body top sets up the rack fan, and cabinet door upper portion sets up the display screen, and the display screen passes through the CAN bus and links to each other with battery management system BMS for the running state information of display battery system.
11. The energy storage system of claim 2, wherein: the primary slave SBMU acquires the voltage of each single battery in the battery module connected with the primary slave SBMU and the temperature of the battery module in the battery module, obtains the current of each single battery based on a voltage-temperature-current curve of each single battery, obtains the output power of each single battery by multiplying the voltage of each single battery by the current of each single battery, and then collects the output power of a plurality of single batteries in the battery module to obtain the output power of the battery module; and the secondary main control SBCU collects the output power of each battery module to obtain the system output power of the battery system.
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