CN111525642B - Low-voltage parallel battery management system and method - Google Patents

Low-voltage parallel battery management system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111525642B
CN111525642B CN202010345742.3A CN202010345742A CN111525642B CN 111525642 B CN111525642 B CN 111525642B CN 202010345742 A CN202010345742 A CN 202010345742A CN 111525642 B CN111525642 B CN 111525642B
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voltage
charging
battery
control board
discharging
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CN111525642A (en
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请求不公布姓名
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Shenzhen Topband Battery Co ltd
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Shenzhen Topband Battery Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302—Overcharge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00306—Overdischarge protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-voltage parallel battery management system and a method, wherein the system comprises a plurality of groups of battery modules, a high-voltage box, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and a display screen; the battery modules are connected in parallel in a busbar mode and then connected with the high-voltage box; the high-pressure box is connected with the display screen; the uninterrupted power supply UPS is connected with the high-voltage box; the battery module is loaded through the high-voltage box; the uninterrupted power supply UPS charges and discharges the battery module through the high-voltage box; the battery module is communicated with the display screen through the high-voltage box. The scheme of the invention solves the problem of damage to the BMS caused by impact of surge and circulation, and has higher reliability and safety.

Description

Low-voltage parallel battery management system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery energy storage, in particular to a low-voltage parallel battery management system and method.
Background
The battery management system (Battery Management System, abbreviated as BMS) is generally used in the technical field of battery energy storage to manage batteries so as to ensure safe and efficient operation of the battery system. However, in the MOS transistor parallel scheme of the existing battery management system, a burn-in phenomenon often occurs, because a relatively large surge current exists when the connected inverter is started, and the battery is easy to have inconsistent voltage in the charging and discharging process, so that a large circulating current is generated, and the BMS is damaged. Therefore, a new technical solution is needed that can solve the problem of damaging the BMS due to the impact of the surge and the circulation, and has higher reliability and safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a low-voltage parallel battery management system and a method.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a low-voltage parallel battery management system is constructed, which comprises a plurality of groups of battery modules, a high-voltage box, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and a display screen;
the battery modules are connected in parallel in a busbar mode and then connected with the high-voltage box; the high-voltage box is connected with the display screen; the uninterruptible power supply UPS is connected with the high-voltage box;
the battery module is loaded through the high-voltage box; the uninterruptible power supply UPS charges and discharges the battery module through the high-voltage box; the battery module is communicated with the display screen through the high-voltage box.
Preferably, each group of the battery modules includes: the battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, a 2P circuit breaker is arranged on a positive output line and a negative output line of the battery pack, a fuse FU1 is connected between a positive output end of the battery pack and the 2P circuit breaker, and a BMS slave control board is used for collecting voltage data and temperature data of the battery pack; the BMS slave control board is connected with the high-voltage box through master-slave communication.
Preferably, the high pressure tank comprises: the device comprises a Hall sensor, a fuse FU2, a discharging relay K1, a charging relay K2, a pre-charging relay K3, a dormancy relay K4, a pre-charging resistor R1, a resistor R2, a BMS main control board, a micro-breaker, a self-resetting switch, a DC-DC power supply, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a high-voltage diode D3;
the positive output end of the battery module is connected with the anode of the first diode D1 through the Hall sensor and the fuse FU2, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the uninterruptible power supply UPS through the discharging relay K1, the charging relay K2 is connected at two ends of the first diode D1 in parallel, the pre-charging relay K3 is connected with the pre-charging resistor R1 in series and then is connected with the discharging relay K1 in parallel, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the parallel node of the cathode of the first diode D1 and the charging relay K2, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the anode of the uninterruptible power supply UPS, the anode of the DC-DC power supply is connected with the parallel node of the first diode D1 and the charging relay K2 through the micro-relay and the dormancy relay K4, the self-reset switch is connected at two ends of the dormancy relay K4 in parallel, and the high voltage diode D3 is connected with the anode of the micro-relay D2 through the micro-relay D4 and the high voltage breaker D4; the DC-DC power supply is used for supplying power to the display screen and the BMS main control board respectively, the BMS main control board is connected with the display screen through RS485 serial communication, and the battery module is connected with the BMS main control board through master-slave communication.
Preferably, the low-voltage parallel battery management system further comprises a monitoring background connected with the high-voltage box, wherein the monitoring background is used for BMS upgrading, parameter modification, fault inquiry and historical data reading.
Further, the invention also provides a low-voltage parallel battery management method, which is applied to a low-voltage parallel battery management system and comprises the following steps:
s1: the BMS main control board acquires working data of the battery module or the high-voltage box; the working data of the battery module comprises battery cell voltage, battery pack total voltage, battery pack charging temperature, battery pack discharging temperature, battery pack post temperature, communication state, parallel operation number and equipment fault information, and the working data of the high-voltage box comprises battery pack charging current, battery pack discharging current, operating temperature and insulation impedance value; the equipment failure information includes: BMS slave control board damage, temperature probe damage and voltage sampling line damage;
s2: the BMS main control board determines the fault alarm type of the low-voltage parallel battery management system according to the working data;
s3: the BMS main control board executes a corresponding fault protection strategy according to the fault alarm type, and outputs corresponding fault alarm content to the display screen for display; the fault alarm content comprises color content and text content.
Further, the step S2 includes:
if the voltage of a battery cell of a certain battery module is larger than a first single cell overvoltage limit value or the total voltage of a battery pack is larger than a first total overvoltage limit value in the charging process, determining that an overcharge secondary fault alarm occurs;
if the voltage of the battery cell is larger than a second cell overvoltage limit value or the total voltage of the battery pack is larger than a second total overvoltage limit value, determining that an overcharge primary fault alarm occurs; the second single body overpressure limit value is larger than the first single body overpressure limit value, and the second total overpressure limit value is larger than the first total overpressure limit value;
if the voltage of a battery cell of a certain battery module is smaller than a first cell undervoltage limit value or the total voltage of a battery pack is smaller than a first total undervoltage limit value in the discharging process, determining that an overdischarge secondary fault alarm occurs;
if the voltage of the battery cell is smaller than a second cell under-voltage limit value or the total voltage of the battery pack is smaller than a second total under-voltage limit value, determining that an over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs; the second monomer under-voltage limit value is smaller than the first monomer under-voltage limit value, and the second total under-voltage limit value is smaller than the first total under-voltage limit value;
if the battery pack discharge current of one or more battery modules is greater than or equal to a discharge current limit value in the discharge process, the total voltage of the battery pack is not reduced in a first preset time or the reduction value is less than or equal to a voltage reduction limit value, and abnormal battery discharge alarm is determined;
If the battery pack charging current of one or more battery modules is greater than or equal to the charging current limit value in the charging process, the total voltage of the battery pack does not rise in the second preset time or the rising value is smaller than the voltage rising limit value, and the abnormal battery charging alarm is determined;
if the battery pack charging temperature of a certain battery module is greater than the first upper charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is greater than the first upper discharging limit temperature or the battery pack pole temperature is greater than the first upper pole limit temperature or the battery pack charging temperature is less than the first lower charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is less than the first lower discharging limit temperature or the operating temperature of the high-voltage box is greater than the first preset operating temperature or a combination of the first and second preset operating temperatures, determining that a temperature abnormality secondary alarm occurs;
if the battery pack charging temperature of a certain battery module is greater than the second upper charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is greater than the second upper discharging limit temperature or the battery pack pole temperature is greater than the second upper pole limit temperature or the battery pack charging temperature is less than the second lower charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is less than the second lower discharging limit temperature or the operating temperature of the battery management control box is greater than the second preset operating temperature or a combination of the two, determining that a temperature abnormality primary alarm occurs; the second upper charging limit temperature is greater than the first upper charging limit temperature, the second upper discharging limit temperature is greater than the first upper discharging limit temperature, the second upper column limit temperature is greater than the first upper column limit temperature, the second lower charging limit temperature is less than the first lower charging limit temperature, the second lower discharging limit temperature is less than the first lower discharging limit temperature, and the second preset operating temperature is greater than the first preset operating temperature;
If the insulation impedance value is smaller than a first preset impedance value, determining that insulation low secondary alarm occurs;
if the insulation impedance value is smaller than a second preset impedance value, determining that an insulation-over-low one-stage alarm occurs; the second preset impedance value is smaller than the first preset impedance value;
if the BMS slave control board is damaged, or the temperature probe is damaged, or the voltage sampling line is damaged, or a combination of the two, determining that equipment fault alarm occurs;
if the communication state between the BMS slave control board and the BMS master control board is an interrupt state, determining that communication fault alarm occurs;
if the quantity of the communication between the BMS slave control boards and the BMS master control boards is larger than the preset parallel operation quantity, the parallel operation abnormal alarm is determined.
Further, in the step S3, the execution of the corresponding fault protection policy by the BMS main control board according to the fault alarm type includes:
if the overcharge secondary fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the charging power to the preset charging power for charging, and meanwhile, the battery power SOC is forcedly updated to 100% and displayed on a display screen; if the uninterruptible power supply UPS does not respond to the condition that the charging is continued with the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the overcharge primary fault alarm occurs;
If the overcharge primary fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging, and the BMS master control board turns off a charging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the over-discharge secondary fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging, the battery power SOC is forcedly updated to 0%, and the battery power SOC is displayed on a display screen; if the uninterrupted power supply UPS does not respond to continue to discharge with the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs;
if the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop discharging, and the BMS master control board turns off a discharging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the abnormal battery discharge alarm or abnormal battery charge alarm occurs, the BMS main control board judges whether the number of the remaining battery modules which are in normal operation is larger than or equal to the preset minimum normal operation number, if so, the BMS main control board does not take any measures, and if not, the discharging relay and the charging relay are disconnected after delay for 5 seconds;
if the abnormal temperature secondary alarm or the excessively low insulation secondary alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging if the battery module is in the charging process, and requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging if the battery module is in the discharging process; if the uninterruptible power supply UPS does not respond to the condition that the original power is charged or discharged continuously, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the temperature abnormality primary alarm occurs;
If the temperature abnormality primary alarm or the insulation excessively low primary alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging and discharging, and the BMS master control board delays for 5 seconds and then disconnects the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if the equipment fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging and discharging, and the BMS master control board switches off the charging relay and the discharging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the communication fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if the parallel operation abnormality alarm occurs, the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay.
Further, when the fault alarm type is the overcharge secondary fault alarm, overdischarge secondary fault alarm, temperature abnormality secondary alarm and insulation excessively low secondary alarm, orange and corresponding fault alarm text contents are displayed on the display screen; the fault alarm type is that when the overcharge primary fault alarm, overdischarge primary fault alarm, battery discharge abnormal alarm, battery charge abnormal alarm, temperature abnormal primary alarm, insulation overdischarge primary alarm, equipment fault alarm, communication fault alarm and parallel operation abnormal alarm are carried out, red and corresponding fault alarm text contents are displayed on the display screen; and if the fault alarm type is the fault of the battery module, the slave control number of the fault battery module is correspondingly displayed on the display screen.
Further, the step S3 further includes:
in the charging or discharging process, if the charging current or discharging current of a certain battery pack is larger than the design current of the corresponding 2P circuit breaker, the 2P circuit breaker is disconnected, and if the 2P circuit breaker cannot be disconnected, the fuse FU1 is fused;
in the charging or discharging process, if the BMS main control board controls the corresponding relay to be disconnected according to the fault alarm type, and the charging current or discharging current of the high-voltage box to the battery module is larger than the design current of the fuse FU2, the fuse FU2 is fused.
Further, after the BMS main control board delays to disconnect the charging relay for 5 seconds, the condition that the charging relay is restarted is as follows: the method comprises the steps that no fault alarm type requiring a BMS main control board to request an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) to stop charging occurs, then the system discharges and the discharge current exceeds 2A, and the duration is 3 minutes; after the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the discharging relay, the condition that the discharging relay is restarted is as follows: no fault alarm type which requires the BMS master control board to request the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop discharging occurs, then the system is charged, the charging current exceeds 2A, and the duration is 3 minutes.
The implementation of the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention provides a low-voltage parallel battery management system for modular installation of lithium battery modules, wherein the lithium battery modules adopt double protection measures to ensure the safety and reliability of the battery modules. On the other hand, the low-voltage parallel battery management method is provided, the safety and reliability of a battery system are guaranteed, and the applicability is strong. When BMS disconnection relay is unsuccessful, accessible fusing fuse protects to realize high-voltage tank dual protection, battery module dual protect function, greatly improved battery system's reliability and security.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage parallel battery control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery module in the low-voltage parallel battery control system provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage tank in the low voltage parallel battery control system provided by the invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a low-voltage parallel battery management method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage parallel battery control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
as shown in fig. 1, a low-voltage parallel battery management system of the embodiment includes a plurality of groups of battery modules, a high-voltage box, an uninterruptible power supply UPS, and a display screen;
the battery modules are connected in parallel in a busbar mode and then connected with the high-voltage box; the high-pressure box is connected with the display screen; the uninterruptible power supply UPS is connected with the high-voltage box;
the battery module is loaded through the high-voltage box; the uninterrupted power supply UPS charges and discharges the battery module through the high-voltage box; the battery module is communicated with the display screen through the high-voltage box.
The UPS is a charger and a battery load, the battery is converted into 220VAC/110VAC load through the UPS, and meanwhile, the UPS can also convert externally input 220VAC/110VAC into direct current to charge the battery. The battery module is discharged through the high voltage tank, but discharges direct current, and most of household appliances or other loads are alternating current, so that the battery module needs to be converted into alternating current through the UPS and then carried.
Further, the low-voltage parallel battery management system further comprises a monitoring background connected with the high-voltage box, wherein the monitoring background is used for BMS upgrading, parameter modification, fault inquiry and historical data reading.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery module in the low-voltage parallel battery control system provided by the invention;
further, as shown in fig. 2, each group of battery modules includes: the battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, a 2P circuit breaker is arranged on a positive output line and a negative output line of the battery pack, a fuse FU1 is connected between a positive output end of the battery pack and the 2P circuit breaker, and a BMS slave control board is used for collecting voltage data and temperature data of the battery pack; BMS slave control board passes through master-slave communication with the high-pressure tank and is connected.
It will be appreciated that the specifications of the fuses FU1 and 2P circuit breaker are selected according to the overcurrent capability of the product design, and are not limited herein. When the charging or discharging current is too large, the 2P circuit breaker is delayed for a certain time to be opened by itself. When the 2P circuit breaker can not be cut off, the protection function can be achieved by fusing the fuse FU1, the multiple protection functions are achieved, and the safety and reliability of the battery module are ensured. The BMS slave control board transmits data to the high-voltage box through master-slave communication, and the high-voltage box processes the data and then communicates with the display screen.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage tank in the low voltage parallel battery control system provided by the invention;
further, as shown in fig. 3, the high pressure tank includes: the device comprises a Hall sensor, a fuse FU2, a discharging relay K1, a charging relay K2, a pre-charging relay K3, a dormancy relay K4, a pre-charging resistor R1, a resistor R2, a BMS main control board, a micro-breaker, a self-resetting switch, a DC-DC power supply, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a high-voltage diode D3;
The positive output end of the battery module is connected with the anode of a first diode D1 through a Hall sensor and a fuse FU2, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of an uninterruptible power supply UPS through a discharging relay K1, a charging relay K2 is connected in parallel with two ends of the first diode D1, a pre-charging relay K3 is connected with a pre-charging resistor R1 in series and then is connected with the discharging relay K1 in parallel, the cathode of the second diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1 and a parallel node of the charging relay K2, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the anode of the uninterruptible power supply UPS, the anode of a DC-DC power supply is connected with a parallel node of the cathode of the first diode D1 and the charging relay K2 through a miniature breaker and a dormancy relay K4, a self-reset switch is connected with two ends of the dormancy relay K4 in parallel, the anode of a high-voltage diode D3 is connected with the anode of the uninterruptible power supply UPS through a resistor R2 and the connection node of the high-voltage diode D3 and the dormancy relay K4; DC-DC power supply respectively for the display screen with BMS main control board power supply, BMS main control board passes through RS485 serial communication with the display screen and is connected, and battery module passes through master slave communication with BMS main control board and is connected. The Hall sensor is used for detecting the total charge and discharge current of a plurality of groups of battery modules connected with the high-voltage box.
Fig. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a low-voltage parallel battery management method according to the present invention.
The low-voltage parallel battery management method of the embodiment is applied to a low-voltage parallel battery management system, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the BMS main control board acquires working data of the battery module or the high-voltage box; the working data of the battery module comprises battery cell voltage, battery pack total voltage, battery pack charging temperature, battery pack discharging temperature, battery pack post temperature, communication state, parallel operation number and equipment fault information, and the working data of the high-voltage box comprises battery pack charging current, battery pack discharging current, operating temperature and insulation impedance value; the equipment failure information includes: BMS slave control board damage, temperature probe damage and voltage sampling line damage;
s2: the BMS main control board determines the fault alarm type of the low-voltage parallel battery management system according to the working data;
s3: the BMS main control board executes a corresponding fault protection strategy according to the fault alarm type, and outputs corresponding fault alarm content to the display screen for display; the fault alarm content comprises color content and text content.
Further, step S2 includes:
if the voltage of a battery cell of a certain battery module is larger than a first single cell overvoltage limit value or the total voltage of a battery pack is larger than a first total overvoltage limit value in the charging process, determining that an overcharge secondary fault alarm occurs; the total voltage of the battery pack is the total voltage of a plurality of groups of battery modules connected with the high-voltage box.
If the voltage of the battery cell is greater than the second cell overvoltage limit value or the total voltage of the battery pack is greater than the second total overvoltage limit value, determining that an overcharge primary fault alarm occurs; the second single-body overpressure limit value is larger than the first single-body overpressure limit value, and the second total overpressure limit value is larger than the first total overpressure limit value;
if the voltage of a battery cell of a certain battery module is smaller than a first cell undervoltage limit value or the total voltage of a battery pack is smaller than a first total undervoltage limit value in the discharging process, determining that an overdischarge secondary fault alarm occurs;
if the voltage of the battery cell is smaller than the second cell under-voltage limit value or the total voltage of the battery pack is smaller than the second total under-voltage limit value, determining that the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs; the second monomer under-voltage limit value is smaller than the first monomer under-voltage limit value, and the second total under-voltage limit value is smaller than the first total under-voltage limit value;
if the battery pack discharge current of one or more battery modules is greater than or equal to a discharge current limit value in the discharge process, the total voltage of the battery pack is not reduced in a first preset time or the reduction value is less than or equal to a voltage reduction limit value, and abnormal battery discharge alarm is determined;
if the battery pack charging current of one or more battery modules is greater than or equal to the charging current limit value in the charging process, the total voltage of the battery pack does not rise in the second preset time or the rising value is smaller than the voltage rising limit value, and the abnormal battery charging alarm is determined;
If the battery pack charging temperature of a certain battery module is greater than the first upper charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is greater than the first upper discharging limit temperature or the battery pack pole temperature is greater than the first upper pole limit temperature or the battery pack charging temperature is less than the first lower charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is less than the first lower discharging limit temperature or the operating temperature of the high-voltage box is greater than the first preset operating temperature or a combination of the first and second preset operating temperatures, determining that a temperature abnormality secondary alarm occurs;
if the battery pack charging temperature of a certain battery module is greater than the second upper charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is greater than the second upper discharging limit temperature or the battery pack pole temperature is greater than the second upper pole limit temperature or the battery pack charging temperature is less than the second lower charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is less than the second lower discharging limit temperature or the operating temperature of the battery management control box is greater than the second preset operating temperature or a combination of the two, determining that a temperature abnormality primary alarm occurs; the second upper charging limit temperature is greater than the first upper charging limit temperature, the second upper discharging limit temperature is greater than the first upper discharging limit temperature, the second upper column limit temperature is greater than the first upper column limit temperature, the second lower charging limit temperature is less than the first lower charging limit temperature, the second lower discharging limit temperature is less than the first lower discharging limit temperature, and the second preset operating temperature is greater than the first preset operating temperature;
If the insulation impedance value is smaller than the first preset impedance value, determining that insulation too low secondary alarm occurs;
if the insulation resistance value is smaller than the second preset resistance value, determining that an insulation over-low one-stage alarm occurs; the second preset impedance value is smaller than the first preset impedance value;
if the BMS slave control board is damaged, or the temperature probe is damaged, or the voltage sampling line is damaged, or a combination of the two, determining that equipment fault alarm occurs;
if the communication state between the BMS slave control board and the BMS master control board is an interrupt state, determining that communication fault alarm occurs;
if the number of the communication between the BMS slave control boards and the BMS master control boards is larger than the preset parallel operation number, the parallel operation abnormal alarm is determined.
Further, in step S3, the BMS main control board executes a corresponding fault protection policy according to the fault alarm type, including:
if an overcharge secondary fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterruptible power supply UPS to reduce the charging power to the preset charging power for charging, and meanwhile, the battery power SOC is forcedly updated to 100%, and the battery power SOC is displayed on a display screen; if the uninterrupted power supply UPS does not respond to the condition that the charging is continued with the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the overcharge primary fault alarm occurs; the primary power of the uninterruptible power supply UPS may be the rated power of the uninterruptible power supply UPS, or may be self-set power, where the primary power is greater than a preset charging power.
If an overcharge primary fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging, and the BMS master control board turns off the charging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the over-discharge secondary fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging, the battery power SOC is forcedly updated to 0%, and the battery power SOC is displayed on a display screen; if the uninterrupted power supply UPS does not respond to continue to discharge with the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs;
if the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop discharging, and the BMS master control board turns off the discharging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
it can be understood that when the battery power is too high or too low, the battery power of the battery system is forcedly updated to be 100% or 0% and displayed on the display screen, so that a user can be timely reminded, and the battery is prevented from being damaged due to overcharge and overdischarge. The battery power SOC is data obtained by the BMS master control through collecting charging and discharging currents and then carrying out micro-integration calculation on the currents and time.
If the abnormal battery discharge alarm or abnormal battery charge alarm occurs, the BMS main control board judges whether the number of the battery modules which are in the residual normal operation is larger than or equal to the preset minimum normal operation number, if so, the BMS main control board does not take any measures, and if not, the discharging relay and the charging relay are disconnected after 5 seconds;
If the temperature abnormality secondary alarm or the insulation excessively low secondary alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterruptible power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging if the battery module is in the charging process, and requests the uninterruptible power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging if the battery module is in the discharging process; if the uninterrupted power supply UPS does not respond to the condition that the charging or discharging is continued by the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the primary alarm of abnormal temperature occurs;
if the temperature abnormality primary alarm or the insulation is too low primary alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging and discharging, and the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then disconnects the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if equipment failure alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging and discharging, and the BMS master control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if communication fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if the parallel operation abnormality alarm occurs, the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay.
Further, when the fault alarm types are overcharge secondary fault alarm, overdischarge secondary fault alarm, abnormal temperature secondary alarm and insulation secondary alarm, orange and corresponding fault alarm text contents are displayed on a display screen; the fault alarm types are that when the over-charge first-level fault alarm, the over-discharge first-level fault alarm, the battery discharge abnormal alarm, the battery charge abnormal alarm, the temperature abnormal first-level alarm, the insulation over-low first-level alarm, the equipment fault alarm, the communication fault alarm and the parallel operation abnormal alarm are displayed in red and corresponding fault alarm text contents on a display screen; and if the fault alarm type is the fault of the battery module, the slave control number of the fault battery module is correspondingly displayed on the display screen.
It can be appreciated that the delay time of the above-mentioned BMS main control board to turn off the charging relay, the discharging relay or the charging relay and the discharging relay after delaying for 5 seconds may be set according to actual needs, and is not limited to 5 seconds.
It can be understood that displaying different alarm contents and colors on the display screen according to different levels of fault alarm types can more intuitively show the type of faults and the severity of the faults to a user, and can also specifically display the slave control number of a certain fault battery module, so that the fault area and the maintenance are conveniently positioned.
Further, step S3 further includes:
in the charging or discharging process, if the charging current or discharging current of a certain battery pack is larger than the design current of the corresponding 2P circuit breaker, the 2P circuit breaker is disconnected, and if the 2P circuit breaker cannot be disconnected, the fuse FU1 is fused;
in the charging or discharging process, if the BMS main control board controls the corresponding relay to be disconnected according to the fault alarm type, and the charging current or the discharging current of the high-voltage box to the battery module is larger than the design current of the fuse FU2, the fuse FU2 is fused.
Further, after the BMS main control board delays to disconnect the charging relay for 5 seconds, the condition that the charging relay is restarted is as follows: the method comprises the steps that no fault alarm type requiring a BMS main control board to request an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) to stop charging occurs, then the system discharges and the discharge current exceeds 2A, and the duration is 3 minutes; after the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the discharging relay, the condition that the discharging relay is restarted is as follows: no fault alarm type which requires the BMS master control board to request the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop discharging occurs, then the system is charged, the charging current exceeds 2A, and the duration is 3 minutes.
The purpose of the above described need for the system to discharge and discharge current exceeding 2A for 3 minutes or charge and charge current exceeding 2A for 3 minutes before the discharge relay or charge relay can be reclosed is to protect the charge relay. The charging and discharging relay is operated due to overcharge or overdischarge protection, and the operation times of the relay are limited, and particularly under the condition of high current, the operation times are generally only tens of times.
It is understood that the charge and discharge current is not limited to 2A, and the duration is not limited to 3 minutes, and the charge and discharge current and the duration can be set by different battery systems according to the needs.
The following describes, with reference to fig. 3, a working procedure of restarting the system to re-power up if the above condition for restarting is satisfied after the charging relay and the discharging relay of the battery system are disconnected: firstly, closing a charging relay K2, then closing a pre-charging relay K3, setting the pre-charging time to be 3 seconds, closing a discharging relay K1 after the pre-charging is completed, and opening the pre-charging relay after 3 seconds; if the pre-charging is not completed, the charging relay is disconnected, and the display screen displays the pre-charging fault, and the display color is red. The pre-charging relay is powered by the BMS main control board, and pre-charging means that the battery pre-charges the capacitor of the UPS. Because the internal resistance of the capacitor of the UPS is very small, the current will be very large when the capacitor is charged, and will exceed the tolerance of the circuit, therefore, the UPS needs to be pre-charged first to protect the UPS.
Further, the control logic of sleep relay K4 in fig. 3 is: if the lowest voltage in the voltages of the battery modules is lower than a preset dormancy low-voltage limit value, the BMS main control board firstly sends a shutdown instruction to the UPS through communication, and after 30 seconds, the dormancy relay K4 is disconnected, and the system enters a dormancy state; when powering up again at every turn, BMS main control board at first controls dormancy relay K4 to close and carries out the self-checking again, avoids the time overlength of powering up. Self-checking checks to see if the re-power-up requirement is met.
The invention provides a new low-voltage parallel battery management system based on a relay aiming at the problem that the MOS tube parallel scheme of the existing battery management system frequently generates burn-in phenomenon, and then provides a corresponding control method for the system.
While the invention has been described with reference to the specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The low-voltage parallel battery management system is characterized by comprising a plurality of groups of battery modules, a high-voltage box, an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and a display screen;
The battery modules are connected in parallel in a busbar mode and then connected with the high-voltage box; the high-voltage box is connected with the display screen; the uninterruptible power supply UPS is connected with the high-voltage box;
the battery module is loaded through the high-voltage box; the uninterruptible power supply UPS charges and discharges the battery module through the high-voltage box; the battery module is communicated with the display screen through the high-voltage box;
wherein, the high-pressure tank includes: the device comprises a Hall sensor, a fuse FU2, a discharging relay K1, a charging relay K2, a pre-charging relay K3, a dormancy relay K4, a pre-charging resistor R1, a resistor R2, a self-resetting switch, a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a high-voltage diode D3;
the positive output end of the battery module is connected with the anode of a first diode D1 through the Hall sensor and a fuse FU2, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of an uninterruptible power supply UPS through a discharging relay K1, a charging relay K2 is connected in parallel with the two ends of the first diode D1, a pre-charging relay K3 is connected with a pre-charging resistor R1 in series and then is connected with the discharging relay K1 in parallel, the cathode of a second diode D2 is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1 and a parallel node of the charging relay K2, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected with the anode of the uninterruptible power supply UPS, one end of a dormancy relay K4 is connected with the parallel node of the charging relay K2, a self-reset switch is connected with the two ends of the first diode D4 in parallel, and the anode of the high-voltage diode D3 is connected with the other end of the dormancy relay K4 through a resistor R2 and the parallel node of the charging relay K4.
2. The low voltage parallel battery management system of claim 1 wherein each set of the battery modules comprises: the battery pack is formed by connecting a plurality of batteries in series, a 2P circuit breaker is arranged on a positive output line and a negative output line of the battery pack, a fuse FU1 is connected between a positive output end of the battery pack and the 2P circuit breaker, and a BMS slave control board is used for collecting voltage data and temperature data of the battery pack; the BMS slave control board is connected with the high-voltage box through master-slave communication.
3. The low voltage parallel battery management system of claim 2 wherein the high voltage tank further comprises: BMS main control board, miniature circuit breaker, DC-DC power supply;
the positive electrode of the DC-DC power supply is connected with a parallel node of the cathode of the first diode D1 and the charging relay K2 through the miniature circuit breaker and the dormancy relay K4, and the cathode of the high-voltage diode D3 is connected with a connecting node of the miniature circuit breaker and the dormancy relay K4 through the resistor R2; the DC-DC power supply is used for supplying power to the display screen and the BMS main control board respectively, the BMS main control board is connected with the display screen through RS485 serial communication, and the battery module is connected with the BMS main control board through master-slave communication.
4. The low voltage parallel battery management system of claim 1 further comprising a monitoring background connected to the high voltage tank for BMS upgrades, parameter modifications, fault queries, historical data readings.
5. A low-voltage parallel battery management method applied to the low-voltage parallel battery management system according to claim 3, the method comprising:
s1: the BMS main control board acquires working data of the battery module or the high-voltage box; the working data of the battery module comprises battery cell voltage, battery pack total voltage, battery pack charging temperature, battery pack discharging temperature, battery pack post temperature, communication state, parallel operation number and equipment fault information, and the working data of the high-voltage box comprises battery pack charging current, battery pack discharging current, operating temperature and insulation impedance value; the equipment failure information includes: BMS slave control board damage, temperature probe damage and voltage sampling line damage;
s2: the BMS main control board determines the fault alarm type of the low-voltage parallel battery management system according to the working data;
s3: the BMS main control board executes a corresponding fault protection strategy according to the fault alarm type, and outputs corresponding fault alarm content to a display screen for display; the fault alarm content comprises color content and text content.
6. The low-voltage parallel battery management method according to claim 5, wherein the step S2 includes:
if the voltage of a battery cell of a certain battery module is larger than a first single cell overvoltage limit value or the total voltage of a battery pack is larger than a first total overvoltage limit value in the charging process, determining that an overcharge secondary fault alarm occurs;
if the voltage of the battery cell is larger than a second cell overvoltage limit value or the total voltage of the battery pack is larger than a second total overvoltage limit value, determining that an overcharge primary fault alarm occurs; the second single body overpressure limit value is larger than the first single body overpressure limit value, and the second total overpressure limit value is larger than the first total overpressure limit value;
if the voltage of a battery cell of a certain battery module is smaller than a first cell undervoltage limit value or the total voltage of a battery pack is smaller than a first total undervoltage limit value in the discharging process, determining that an overdischarge secondary fault alarm occurs;
if the voltage of the battery cell is smaller than a second cell under-voltage limit value or the total voltage of the battery pack is smaller than a second total under-voltage limit value, determining that an over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs; the second monomer under-voltage limit value is smaller than the first monomer under-voltage limit value, and the second total under-voltage limit value is smaller than the first total under-voltage limit value;
If the battery pack discharge current of one or more battery modules is greater than or equal to a discharge current limit value in the discharge process, the total voltage of the battery pack is not reduced in a first preset time or the reduction value is less than or equal to a voltage reduction limit value, and abnormal battery discharge alarm is determined;
if the battery pack charging current of one or more battery modules is greater than or equal to the charging current limit value in the charging process, the total voltage of the battery pack does not rise in the second preset time or the rising value is smaller than the voltage rising limit value, and the abnormal battery charging alarm is determined;
if the battery pack charging temperature of a certain battery module is greater than the first upper charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is greater than the first upper discharging limit temperature or the battery pack pole temperature is greater than the first upper pole limit temperature or the battery pack charging temperature is less than the first lower charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is less than the first lower discharging limit temperature or the operating temperature of the high-voltage box is greater than the first preset operating temperature or a combination of the first and second preset operating temperatures, determining that a temperature abnormality secondary alarm occurs;
if the battery pack charging temperature of a certain battery module is greater than the second upper charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is greater than the second upper discharging limit temperature or the battery pack pole temperature is greater than the second upper pole limit temperature or the battery pack charging temperature is less than the second lower charging limit temperature or the battery pack discharging temperature is less than the second lower discharging limit temperature or the operating temperature of the battery management control box is greater than the second preset operating temperature or a combination of the two, determining that a temperature abnormality primary alarm occurs; the second upper charging limit temperature is greater than the first upper charging limit temperature, the second upper discharging limit temperature is greater than the first upper discharging limit temperature, the second upper column limit temperature is greater than the first upper column limit temperature, the second lower charging limit temperature is less than the first lower charging limit temperature, the second lower discharging limit temperature is less than the first lower discharging limit temperature, and the second preset operating temperature is greater than the first preset operating temperature;
If the insulation impedance value is smaller than a first preset impedance value, determining that insulation low secondary alarm occurs;
if the insulation impedance value is smaller than a second preset impedance value, determining that an insulation-over-low one-stage alarm occurs; the second preset impedance value is smaller than the first preset impedance value;
if the BMS slave control board is damaged, or the temperature probe is damaged, or the voltage sampling line is damaged, or a combination of the two, determining that equipment fault alarm occurs;
if the communication state between the BMS slave control board and the BMS master control board is an interrupt state, determining that communication fault alarm occurs;
if the quantity of the communication between the BMS slave control boards and the BMS master control boards is larger than the preset parallel operation quantity, the parallel operation abnormal alarm is determined.
7. The low-voltage parallel battery management method according to claim 6, wherein the BMS main control board executing the corresponding fault protection policy according to the fault alarm type in step S3 comprises:
if the overcharge secondary fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the charging power to the preset charging power for charging, and meanwhile, the battery power SOC is forcedly updated to 100% and displayed on a display screen; if the uninterruptible power supply UPS does not respond to the condition that the charging is continued with the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the overcharge primary fault alarm occurs;
If the overcharge primary fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging, and the BMS master control board turns off a charging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the over-discharge secondary fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging, the battery power SOC is forcedly updated to 0%, and the battery power SOC is displayed on a display screen; if the uninterrupted power supply UPS does not respond to continue to discharge with the original power, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs;
if the over-discharge primary fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop discharging, and the BMS master control board turns off a discharging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the abnormal battery discharge alarm or abnormal battery charge alarm occurs, the BMS main control board judges whether the number of the remaining battery modules which are in normal operation is larger than or equal to the preset minimum normal operation number, if so, the BMS main control board does not take any measures, and if not, the discharging relay and the charging relay are disconnected after delay for 5 seconds;
if the abnormal temperature secondary alarm or the excessively low insulation secondary alarm occurs, the BMS main control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging if the battery module is in the charging process, and requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to reduce the discharge power to the preset discharge power for discharging if the battery module is in the discharging process; if the uninterruptible power supply UPS does not respond to the condition that the original power is charged or discharged continuously, the BMS main control board does not take any measures until the temperature abnormality primary alarm occurs;
If the temperature abnormality primary alarm or the insulation excessively low primary alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging and discharging, and the BMS master control board delays for 5 seconds and then disconnects the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if the equipment fault alarm occurs, the BMS master control board requests the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop charging and discharging, and the BMS master control board switches off the charging relay and the discharging relay after delaying for 5 seconds;
if the communication fault alarm occurs, the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay;
if the parallel operation abnormality alarm occurs, the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the charging relay and the discharging relay.
8. The method for managing low-voltage parallel batteries according to claim 7, wherein when the fault alarm type is the overcharge secondary fault alarm, overdischarge secondary fault alarm, temperature abnormality secondary alarm and insulation secondary alarm, orange and corresponding fault alarm text contents are displayed on the display screen; the fault alarm type is that when the overcharge primary fault alarm, overdischarge primary fault alarm, battery discharge abnormal alarm, battery charge abnormal alarm, temperature abnormal primary alarm, insulation overdischarge primary alarm, equipment fault alarm, communication fault alarm and parallel operation abnormal alarm are carried out, red and corresponding fault alarm text contents are displayed on the display screen; and if the fault alarm type is the fault of the battery module, the slave control number of the fault battery module is correspondingly displayed on the display screen.
9. The low-voltage parallel battery management method according to claim 7, wherein the step S3 further comprises:
in the charging or discharging process, if the charging current or discharging current of a certain battery pack is larger than the design current of the corresponding 2P circuit breaker, the 2P circuit breaker is disconnected, and if the 2P circuit breaker cannot be disconnected, the fuse FU1 is fused;
in the charging or discharging process, if the BMS main control board controls the corresponding relay to be disconnected according to the fault alarm type, and the charging current or discharging current of the high-voltage box to the battery module is larger than the design current of the fuse FU2, the fuse FU2 is fused.
10. The low-voltage parallel battery management method of claim 7, wherein after the BMS main control board turns off the charging relay after a delay of 5 seconds, the condition for re-turning on the charging relay is: the method comprises the steps that no fault alarm type requiring a BMS main control board to request an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) to stop charging occurs, then the system discharges and the discharge current exceeds 2A, and the duration is 3 minutes; after the BMS main control board delays for 5 seconds and then turns off the discharging relay, the condition that the discharging relay is restarted is as follows: no fault alarm type which requires the BMS master control board to request the uninterrupted power supply UPS to stop discharging occurs, then the system is charged, the charging current exceeds 2A, and the duration is 3 minutes.
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