CN103872727B - Method for determining largest use current of lithium-ion battery - Google Patents
Method for determining largest use current of lithium-ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103872727B CN103872727B CN201410062459.4A CN201410062459A CN103872727B CN 103872727 B CN103872727 B CN 103872727B CN 201410062459 A CN201410062459 A CN 201410062459A CN 103872727 B CN103872727 B CN 103872727B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 96
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000005056 cell body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005955 Ferric phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010707 LiFePO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940032958 ferric phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron(3+) phosphate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O WBJZTOZJJYAKHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000399 iron(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the largest use current of a lithium-ion battery, belonging to the field of lithium-ion batteries for vehicles. The method comprises the following steps of carrying out charge-discharge on the lithium-ion battery for two to three times by adopting a current of one third of the rated capacity of the lithium battery, and putting the battery aside for one to two hours after the battery is fully charged; detecting the end voltage of the battery and testing equipment; discharging the battery to final discharging voltage by adopting a current with 1 C of nominal capacity, charging for 12 minutes by adopting the current of 1 C, respectively discharging by adopting the current of 0.5C*n, and determining the current with the discharging time being 12 seconds and the discharging voltage being a discharging set voltage as the largest discharging current; performing charge-discharge on the battery for two to three times by adopting the current of 1/3 C, and putting the battery aside for one to two hours after the battery is fully charged; charging the battery by adopting the current of 1 C to the charging upper limit voltage, discharging the battery for 18 minutes by adopting the current of 1 C, respectively charging by adopting the current of 0.5C*m, and determining the current with the charging time being 12 S and the charging voltage being the charging set voltage as the largest charging current. By applying the method, the largest use current is accurately calculated, and the phenomena of overcharging and overdischarging are avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile-used field of lithium ion battery, use particularly to a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum
The determination method of electric current.
Background technology
Lithium-ion-power cell is widely used in electric automobiles due to himself advantage.But move at lithium ion
The use of power battery finds, existing method for soft package lithium ion power, owing to making the selection of material, system
Making the difference such as technique, manner of packing, monomer whose bears the ability of electric current and also varies.In actual use,
BMS (Battery Management System, battery management system) can be used by BMC (Battery
Monitoring Circuit, battery detection loop) and BCU (Battery Control Unit, set of cells control
Unit) in time SOC (State Of Charge, the residual capacity) value of feedback battery calculate and monitor this electricity
The real conditions in pond.On the premise of not affecting lithium-ion-power cell electrical property, its maximum that can bear
Charging and discharging electric current can be that BMS management provides reference data accurately.
Prior art uses flash method, in 0.1～1s, lithium-ion-power cell is used 5C's～20C
Electric current carries out discharge and recharge to determine its maximum electric discharge and charging current.
During realizing the present invention, inventor finds that prior art at least there is problems in that
When the big electric current using 5C～20C carries out discharge and recharge, the positive pole oxide of lithium-ion-power cell can be made to send out
Raw irreversible reaction, changes the structure of positive pole, the adhesive capacity of negative pole also can be made to change, and causes really
Fixed maximum charge and discharge current are inaccurate, thus bring monitoring difficulty to battery management system, cause electricity
Easily there is overcharge or overdischarge phenomenon in pond, is substantially reduced the service life of battery, and then increases new forms of energy
The cost of automobile, have a strong impact on EV/HEV (Electric Vehicle/Hybrid Electric Vehicle, electronic
Automobile/hybrid electric vehicle) etc. the popularization of new forms of energy car.Additionally, due to the maximum charge of lithium-ion-power cell
The inaccurate electric current also resulting in its discharge and recharge determined with discharge current selects unreasonable, if charging current
Select the least, then the charging interval is long, and caloric value is big, and wasting while, car load uses inconvenience；If
Charging current selects excessive, high to lithium-ion-power cell monomer, BMS and car load hardware requirement, puts into relatively
Greatly, and occur that the risk of safety problem is multiplied.If discharge current selects the least, when actual design
The number of batteries needed is many, increases cost and complete vehicle weight, too increases the control requirement of BMC and BCU；
If discharge current selects relatively big, during use, wire, control hardware easily generate heat and produce electromagnetic interference, with
Sample, when increasing cost and putting into, adds and controls difficulty and the possibility of security risk occur.
Summary of the invention
Inaccurate asking is determined in order to solve lithium-ion-power cell maximum charge and discharge current in prior art
Topic, embodiments provides a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum and uses the determination method of electric current.Described
Technical scheme is as follows:
Embodiments provide a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum and use the determination method of electric current, described
Method includes:
Described lithium ion is moved by the electric current using 1/3 size of the rated capacity of lithium-ion-power cell to be measured
Power battery charging and discharging circulates 2～3 times, and circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again；
Measure the terminal voltage of described lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of test equipment；
Described lithium-ion-power cell is discharged into final discharging voltage by the electric current using nominal capacity size 1C,
Shelve 3～5min, use the electric current charging 12min of described nominal capacity size 1C, shelve 3～5min, adopt
Use 0.5C*n current discharge, by discharge time be 12s, the discharge voltage that records be electric discharge voltage is set time pair
The electric current answered is defined as maximum discharge current Idis-max1, it is that final discharging voltage value subtracts that described electric discharge arranges voltage
Remove the difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of described lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of described test equipment, wherein,
N ∈ [Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 0] and be positive integer, described nominal capacity size 1C is for using the specified appearance of described lithium-ion-power cell
The electric current of 1/3 size of amount is to last the putting in described lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3 times
Capacitance；
The electric current of the 1/3 of employing nominal capacity size 1C is to described lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3
Secondary, circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again；
The electric current using described nominal capacity size 1C charges to charging upper limit electricity to described lithium-ion-power cell
Pressure, shelves 3～5min, uses the current discharge 18min of described nominal capacity size 1C, shelve 3～5min,
Use the charging of 0.5C*m electric current, by the charging interval be 12s, the charging voltage that records be charging voltage is set time
Corresponding electric current is defined as maximum charging current Icharge-max1, it is charging upper limit voltage that described charging arranges voltage
Plus the difference Δ V of terminal voltage of terminal voltage and the described test equipment of described lithium-ion-power cell, wherein,
M ∈ [1,40] and be positive integer.
Alternatively, described method also includes: be that described electric discharge arranges electricity for 12s, discharge voltage between upon discharging
During pressure, measure the Positive Poles of described lithium-ion-power cell and the temperature in centre position, when meeting: described
Positive Poles is more than with difference DELTA T1 >=25 DEG C of the temperature in described centre position, described Positive Poles temperature
50 DEG C, the temperature in described centre position more than 50 DEG C, in above-mentioned three kinds of situations any one or multiple time, institute
State maximum discharge current and be defined as Idis-max, and Idis-max=Idis-max1-0.1C*a, wherein, a is 1,2,3.
Alternatively, described method also includes: be that described charging arranges electricity for 12s, charging voltage between when charging
During pressure, measure described Positive Poles and the temperature in described centre position, when meeting: described Positive Poles and institute
State difference DELTA T2 >=20 DEG C of the temperature in centre position, described Positive Poles temperature more than 45 DEG C, described in
Between the temperature of position more than 45 DEG C, in above-mentioned three kinds of situations any one or multiple time, described maximum charge electricity
Stream is defined as Icharge-max, and Icharge-max=Icharge-max1-0.1C*b, wherein, b is 1,2,3.
Preferably, described centre position be described lithium-ion-power cell body height 1/2 plus described
The position of the 1/2 of Positive Poles height.
Alternatively, after shelving 1～2h again after circulation operation completes and be fully charged, described method also includes:
Observe whether the change in terminal voltage 30min of described lithium-ion-power cell is 0.
Preferably, the temperature of the test environment of described lithium-ion-power cell is 24.5～25.5 DEG C.
Further, described method also includes:
Described lithium-ion-power cell is shelved in the temperature of described test environment 4～5h.
Alternatively, described lithium-ion-power cell be metal, plastics duricrust, aluminum-plastic composite membrane Soft Roll lithium from
One in sub-electrokinetic cell.
Preferably, described maximum discharge current Idis-maxWith Idis-max1, described maximum charging current Icharge-maxWith
Icharge-max1Being integer, and carry when meeting fractional part>=0.8, fractional part<is cast out when 0.8.
Alternatively, described method also includes:
Utilize test lead, by the both positive and negative polarity of described lithium-ion-power cell respectively with described test equipment just
Negative pole is connected, and the resistance of described test lead is less than or equal to 10m Ω.
The technical scheme that the embodiment of the present invention provides has the benefit that
By, under the low SOC state of lithium-ion-power cell, it being charged and discharged, do not damaging
On the premise of battery electrical property, being determined by repeatedly in charge and discharge process, the discharge and recharge time is 12s, and electric discharge
Voltage and charging voltage respectively reach electric current when final discharging voltage and charging upper limit voltage, accurately calculate
Maximum discharge current that battery can bear and maximum charging current, convenient, fast, data process simple,
Easily grasp, effectively avoid overcharge and the overdischarge phenomenon of lithium-ion-power cell, it is ensured that battery
In service life, reduce the cost of new-energy automobile, and be conducive to it to promote.Additionally, maximum is filled accurately
Electricity and discharge current can be that the charging and discharging currents of the actual needs of lithium-ion-power cell provides strong ginseng
Examine, and then solve its charging and discharging currents and select the unreasonable and various problems brought.
Accompanying drawing explanation
For the technical scheme being illustrated more clearly that in the embodiment of the present invention, institute in embodiment being described below
The accompanying drawing used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only the present invention
Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work,
Other accompanying drawing can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum that the embodiment of the present invention one provides uses electric current to determine method
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum that the embodiment of the present invention two provides uses electric current to determine method
Flow chart；
Fig. 2 a is the maximum process using electric current of the determination lithium-ion-power cell that the embodiment of the present invention two provides
In the layout schematic diagram of temperature sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to the present invention
Embodiment is described in further detail.
Embodiment one
Embodiments providing a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum uses electric current to determine method, sees figure
1, method includes:
Step 101: use the rated capacity of lithium-ion-power cell to be measured 1/3 size electric current to lithium from
Sub-electrokinetic cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3 times, circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again.
Step 102: measure the terminal voltage of lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of test equipment.
Step 103: use the electric current of nominal capacity size 1C that lithium-ion-power cell is discharged into discharge off
Voltage, shelves 3～5min, uses the electric current charging 12min of nominal capacity size 1C, shelves 3～5min,
Being respectively adopted 0.5C*n current discharge, will be 12s discharge time, the discharge voltage recorded be that electric discharge arranges electricity
Electric current corresponding during pressure is defined as maximum discharge current Idis-max1, it is final discharging voltage value that electric discharge arranges voltage
Deduct the difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of test equipment, wherein, n ∈ [Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 0] and
For positive integer, nominal capacity size 1C is the electric current of 1/3 size using lithium-ion-power cell rated capacity
To the last discharge capacity in lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3 times.
Step 104: lithium-ion-power cell discharge and recharge is followed by the electric current of the 1/3 of employing nominal capacity size 1C
Ring 2～3 times, circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again.
Step 105: use the electric current of nominal capacity size 1C that lithium-ion-power cell is charged to charging upper limit
Voltage, shelves 3～5min, uses the electric current of nominal capacity size 1C to battery discharge 18min to be measured, shelves
3～5min, it is respectively adopted the charging of 0.5C*m electric current, will the charging interval be 12s, the charging voltage recorded is for filling
The electric current that electricity is corresponding when arranging voltage is defined as maximum charging current Icharge-max1, charging arranges voltage for charging
The difference Δ V of terminal voltage of the upper voltage limit terminal voltage plus lithium-ion-power cell and test equipment, wherein,
M ∈ [1,40] and be positive integer.
Wherein, maximum use electric current to include maximum discharge current and maximum charging current, final discharging voltage and
Charging upper limit voltage is provided by cell production companies, and the final discharging voltage of usual lithium-ion-power cell is
2.5V～2.7V, charging upper limit voltage is 3.7V～4.2V.
It, by under the low SOC state of lithium-ion-power cell, is charged and puts by the embodiment of the present invention
Electricity, on the premise of not damaging battery electrical property, is determined by repeatedly in charge and discharge process, the discharge and recharge time
For 12s, and electricity when discharge voltage and charging voltage respectively reach final discharging voltage and charging upper limit voltage
Stream, accurately calculates maximum discharge current and maximum charging current that battery can bear, convenient, fast,
Data process simple, easily grasp, effectively avoid overcharge and the overdischarge phenomenon of lithium-ion-power cell,
Ensure that the service life of battery, reduce the cost of new-energy automobile, and be conducive to it to promote.Additionally,
Maximum charge and discharge current can be that the charging and discharging currents of the actual needs of lithium-ion-power cell carries accurately
For strong reference, and then solve its charging and discharging currents and select various problems that are unreasonable and that bring.
Embodiment two
Embodiments providing a kind of lithium-ion-power cell maximum uses electric current to determine method, sees figure
2, the method includes:
Step 201: utilize test lead, by the both positive and negative polarity of lithium-ion-power cell respectively with test equipment just
Negative pole is connected, and guarantees firmly.
Wherein, test equipment is that high-precision alternating current is converted to galvanic lithium ion battery test equipment.
In the present embodiment, the current resolution 0.0001A of test equipment, voltage resolution is 0.0001V, data
Log resolution is 0.001S, and the maximum range electric current of test equipment is lithium-ion-power cell actual discharge
15～20 times of capacity.
When implementing, in addition it is also necessary to the resistance of test lead is less than or equal to 10m Ω, i.e. need to measure lithium ion
Power battery anode and measure traverse line contact internal resistance and negative pole and measure traverse line contact internal resistance, it is ensured that front
State both of which in controlled range, ensure the accuracy of result reducing error.It should be noted that contact
The concrete span of control of internal resistance is also possible to because of the difference of test equipment, battery pole ear etc. different.
It should be noted that torque spanner can be used, make the connection of lithium-ion-power cell and test equipment
Reach torque value and ensure the firm of connection.
In the present embodiment, lithium-ion-power cell is the Soft Roll lithium of metal, plastics duricrust, aluminum-plastic composite membrane
One in ion battery.
Step 202: lithium-ion-power cell is shelved in the temperature of test environment 4～5h.
Preferably, the temperature of the test environment of lithium-ion-power cell is 24.5～25.5 DEG C.Open ambient temperature
Control power supply, and the temperature of adjusting ambient, when monitoring temperature and being 25 DEG C, lithium-ion-power cell is put
Put wherein 4～5h, at room temperature shelve the sufficiently long time, make the inside and outside environment of lithium-ion-power cell
Temperature reaches basically identical, and stable.
Step 203: use the electric current of 1/3 size of the rated capacity of lithium-ion-power cell to lithium ion power
Battery charging and discharging circulates 2～3 times, and circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again.
Lithium-ion-power cell is first carried out the charge-discharge test of 2～3 times, to ensure lithium ion power to be measured
Battery can complete stable discharge and recharge.Lithium-ion-power cell is put after completing and being fully charged by circulation operation again
Put 1～2h, reached steady statue with the electric current after ensureing battery charging to be measured, voltage etc..
The method can also include: whether the change observed in the voltage 30min of lithium-ion-power cell is 0.
This step is carried out after step 203.When observing the change in voltage in 30min, can continue to extend
Observing time, usual 30min is sufficiently long, and lithium-ion-power cell to be measured has been stablized, i.e. voltage
No longer change；When observing that voltage no longer changes, can be proceeded next step.To be measured by observing
The situation of change of the voltage of lithium-ion-power cell, is further ensured that lithium-ion-power cell to be measured has reached
To steady statue, and then ensure the accuracy of test result.
Step 204: measure the terminal voltage of lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of test equipment.
Specifically, circuit tester (such as, five half circuit testers) can be used to measure lithium ion to be measured move
The terminal voltage of power battery and the terminal voltage of test equipment.
When realizing, the method can also include after step 204: calculates the end electricity of lithium-ion-power cell
The difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of pressure and test equipment, to facilitate subsequent step to use.Δ V essence is test lead
Voltage loss.
Step 205: use the electric current of nominal capacity size 1C that lithium-ion-power cell is discharged into discharge off
Voltage, shelves 3～5min, uses the electric current charging 12min of nominal capacity size 1C, shelves 3～5min,
Being respectively adopted 0.5C*n current discharge, will be 12s discharge time, the discharge voltage recorded be that electric discharge arranges electricity
Electric current corresponding during pressure is defined as maximum discharge current Idis-max1, it is final discharging voltage value that electric discharge arranges voltage
Deduct the difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of test equipment, wherein, n ∈ [Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 0] and
For positive integer.
Nominal capacity size 1C be use lithium-ion-power cell rated capacity 1/3 size electric current to lithium from
Last discharge capacity in sub-electrokinetic cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3 times.Due to the offer of battery producer
The nominal capacity of lithium-ion-power cell is often below the capability value of its reality, also test environment and equipment
Difference, the value of lithium-ion-power cell 1C would also vary from, in order to test result is more accurate, so at this
Invention has redefined nominal capacity size 1C of lithium-ion-power cell.
Use the electric current charging 12min of nominal capacity size 1C, make the electricity of lithium-ion-power cell to be measured
It is 20% rather than is in the state discharged completely, battery polarization when can be effectively prevented recharged
Phenomenon.Here charging interval is the result obtained after test of many times.
In the present embodiment, the method is 12s between also including measuring upon discharging, and discharge voltage is that electric discharge sets
The Positive Poles of lithium-ion-power cell when putting voltage and the temperature in centre position, when meet Positive Poles with
Difference DELTA T1 >=25 DEG C of the temperature in centre position, Positive Poles temperature more than 50 DEG C, the temperature in centre position big
In 50 DEG C any one or multiple time, maximum discharge current is defined as Idis-max, and
Idis-max=Idis-max1-0.1C*a, wherein, a is 1,2,3.It is to say, step 205 also needs to just meeting
Pole pole and temperature gap Δ T1≤25 DEG C in centre position, and the temperature in Positive Poles and centre position is the most not
More than 50 DEG C.
Correspondingly, lithium-ion-power cell is installed at least 2 temperature sensors, fixes in the battery for 1
Between position, to gather the temperature data of lithium-ion-power cell center surface, another 1 is fixed on Positive Poles
Place gathers the temperature data of positive pole.
Wherein, centre position be lithium-ion-power cell body height 1/2 plus Positive Poles height
The position of 1/2.See Fig. 2 a, 41a and 41b and be respectively both positive and negative polarity pole, 43 for test lead, 44 and
45 be two temperature sensors, 46 for housing, B is the 1/2 of the body height of lithium-ion-power cell, and C is just
The 1/2 of pole pole height, A is centre position.
Step 206: lithium-ion-power cell discharge and recharge is followed by the electric current of the 1/3 of employing nominal capacity size 1C
Ring 2～3 times, circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again.
To lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3 times, circulation operation is shelved after completing and being fully charged again
1～2h so that it is internal fully balance, material structure recover, and eliminate SEI (the Solid Electrolyte that polarization causes
Interface, solid electrolyte interface) film out-of-flatness, thus ensure the accuracy of test result.
Similarly, can also use after step 206 and observe the voltage 30min of lithium-ion-power cell
Whether interior change is 0, determines whether lithium-ion-power cell reaches steady statue.
Step 207: use the electric current of nominal capacity size 1C that lithium-ion-power cell is charged to charging upper limit
Voltage, shelves 3～5min, uses the electric current of nominal capacity size 1C to discharge lithium-ion-power cell 18min,
Shelve 3～5min, be respectively adopted the charging of 0.5C*m electric current, will the charging interval be 12s, the charging voltage recorded
Electric current corresponding when arranging voltage for charging is defined as maximum charging current Icharge-max1, charging arranges voltage and is
Charging upper limit voltage adds the terminal voltage of lithium-ion-power cell and the difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of test equipment, its
In, m ∈ [Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 0] and be positive integer.
Use the current discharge 18min of nominal capacity size 1C, make the electricity of lithium-ion-power cell to be measured
Being 70%, during to prevent large current charge, the excessive inside side reaction caused of battery polarization is too much, putting here
The electricity time is also for the result obtained after test of many times.
In the present embodiment, the method also includes: for 12s between measuring when charging, and charging voltage is charging
Positive Poles when arranging voltage and the temperature in centre position, when the temperature meeting Positive Poles and centre position
Difference DELTA T2 >=20 DEG C, Positive Poles temperature more than 45 DEG C, the temperature in centre position more than 45 DEG C in
Any one or multiple time, maximum charging current is Icharge-max, and Icharge-max=Icharge-max1-0.1C*b, wherein,
B is 1,2,3.It is to say, step 207 also should meet the temperature gap of Positive Poles and centre position
Δ T2≤20 DEG C, and the temperature in Positive Poles and centre position is all not more than 45 DEG C.
When realizing, maximum discharge current Idis-maxWith Idis-max1, maximum charging current Icharge-maxWith Icharge-max1
Being integer, and carry when meeting fractional part>=0.8, fractional part<is cast out when 0.8.
In step 205 and 207, shelve 3～5min, preferably 5min.In order to ensure the result of test
Accuracy, the time every time shelved all should be identical, such as, is 5min.It should be noted that put
The time put also suffers from the impact of the conditions such as the degree of accuracy of lithium-ion-power cell to be measured, therefore can also root
The time that the prolongation suitable according to concrete battery to be measured or shortening are shelved.
It should be noted that during realizing, be 12s between general strict demand upon discharging, electric discharge electricity
Pressure and charging voltage must be exactly equal to electric discharge respectively and arrange voltage and charging arranges voltage.But because of test wrapper
The impact in border etc., discharge voltage now and charging voltage can also arrange voltage and charging sets in electric discharge respectively
Put fluctuating of voltage.Easy to understandly, this floating is the smaller the better, and the rate of being generally near should be 99.999%.
Below with the maximum charging current I of the 45Ah lithium-ion-power cell of box hat LiFePO 4 materialcharge-max
With maximum discharge current Idis-maxPut and as a example by determining process, step 201～206 are illustrated.Wherein, Battery Plant
The charging upper limit voltage that family provides is 3.7V, and final discharging voltage is 2.5V.
This lithium-ion-power cell is fixed on the both positive and negative polarity wire of test equipment, it is ensured that after Lao Gu, test
The internal resistance that contacts of battery positive and negative electrode pole and measure traverse line, positive pole and measure traverse line are 3m Ω, negative pole and survey
Amount wire is 0.8m Ω.1 temperature sensor position centerlock (is seen Fig. 2 a, this electricity simultaneously
The body height in pond is 180mm, and Positive Poles height is 20mm, then centre position is short transverse
(180+20/2) at/2=95mm), another 1 is fixed at Positive Poles.
Open ambient temperature and control power supply, make this lithium-ion-power cell shelve under 25 ± 0.5 DEG C of environment
4～5h.Then, open test device power supply (DPS), by 1/3 size of battery rated capacity 45Ah that producer provides
Electric current make 3 circles and stablize charge-discharge test, fully charged after shelve 1～2h, when the voltage observing this battery exists
In 30min when being changed to 0, measure the terminal voltage of the terminal voltage of this battery and test equipment with circuit tester, and
Calculate both difference DELTA V aforementioned, obtain Δ V=0.003V.Measure simultaneously and obtain nominal capacity size
1C=45.5237Ah.
Use 1C electric current by this battery discharge to 2.5V, shelve 5min, use the electricity of nominal capacity size 1C
Current charge 12min, shelves 5min, be respectively adopted 0.5C*n (wherein n=1,2,3 ..., 16) electric current put
Electricity, it is 2.497V that electric discharge now arranges voltage.Test data are shown in Table 1:
Table 1 maximum discharge current test data
| Sequence number | Electric current | Time | Corresponding voltage | Positive pole temperature | Medium temperature | ΔT |
| 1 | 22.7618A | 12s | 3.0135V | 25.07℃ | 25.53℃ | 0.46℃ |
| 2 | 45.5237A | 12s | 3.0110V | 25.97℃ | 26.74℃ | 0.77℃ |
| 3 | 68.2855A | 12s | 3.0091V | 28.08℃ | 29.94℃ | 1.86℃ |
| …… | ||||||
| 14 | 341.4277A | 12s | 2.5333V | 32.41℃ | 38.97℃ | 6.56℃ |
| 15 | 364.1896A | 12s | 2.4971V | 33.25℃ | 41.72℃ | 8.47℃ |
| 16 | 386.9514A | 9.75s | 2.4968V | 35.22℃ | 44.92℃ | 9.7℃ |
The maximum discharge current of this 45Ah LiFePO4 box hat battery is can be seen that by above-mentioned data
Idis-max=364A.
After maximum discharge current has been tested, the current charge-discharge electricity of the 1/3 of employing nominal capacity size 1C
Circulate 3 times, fully charged after shelve 1～2h, when observe this battery voltage in 30min when being changed to 0,
The electric current using nominal capacity size 1C charges to 3.7V to this battery, shelves 5min, uses nominal capacity
Size 1C current versus cell electric discharge 18min, shelve 5min, be respectively adopted 0.5C*m (wherein, m=1,2,
3 ..., 8) electric current charging, it is 3.703V that charging now arranges voltage.Test data are shown in Table 2:
Table 2 maximum charging current test result one
| Sequence number | Electric current | Time | Corresponding voltage | Positive pole temperature | Medium temperature | ΔT |
| 1 | 22.7618A | 12s | 3.3933V | 25.07℃ | 25.01℃ | -0.06℃ |
| 2 | 45.5237A | 12s | 3.4532V | 26.38℃ | 26.74℃ | 0.36℃ |
| 3 | 68.2855A | 12s | 3.4811V | 29.99℃ | 29.94℃ | -0.05℃ |
| …… | ||||||
| 7 | 182.0948A | 12s | 3.6924V | 39.75℃ | 41.11℃ | 1.36℃ |
| 8 | 203.5665A | 12s | 3.7036V | 45.96℃ | 47.73℃ | 1.77℃ |
As can be seen from Table 2 at Icharge-max1During=203.5665A, battery medium temperature be more than 45 DEG C, then this
Time, Icharge-max=203.5665-0.1C*b, wherein, b=1,2,3.Test data are shown in Table 3:
Table 3 maximum charging current test result two
| Sequence number | Electric current | Time | Corresponding voltage | Positive pole temperature | Medium temperature | ΔT |
| 1 | 199.0141A | 12s | 3.7003V | 44.07℃ | 45.01℃ | 0.94℃ |
| 2 | 194.4618A | 12s | 3.6991V | 43.33℃ | 44.68℃ | 1.35℃ |
| 3 | 189.9095A | 12s | 3.6972V | 43.71℃ | 44.44℃ | 0.73℃ |
As can be seen from Table 3 by the maximum charging current of this 45Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell after temperature adjustmemt
Icharge-maxFor 194A.
It, by under the low SOC state of lithium-ion-power cell, is charged and puts by the embodiment of the present invention
Electricity, on the premise of not damaging battery electrical property, is determined by repeatedly in charge and discharge process, the discharge and recharge time
For 12s, and electricity when discharge voltage and charging voltage respectively reach final discharging voltage and charging upper limit voltage
Stream, accurately calculates maximum discharge current and maximum charging current that battery can bear, convenient, fast,
Data process simple, easily grasp, effectively avoid overcharge and the overdischarge phenomenon of lithium-ion-power cell,
Ensure that the service life of battery, reduce the cost of new-energy automobile, and be conducive to it to promote.Additionally,
Maximum charge and discharge current can be that the charging and discharging currents of the actual needs of lithium-ion-power cell carries accurately
For strong reference, and then solve its charging and discharging currents and select various problems that are unreasonable and that bring.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all the present invention's
Within spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (9)
1. the determination method of a lithium-ion-power cell maximum use electric current, it is characterised in that described method
Including:
Described lithium ion is moved by the electric current using 1/3 size of the rated capacity of lithium-ion-power cell to be measured
Power battery charging and discharging circulates 2～3 times, and circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again；
Measure the terminal voltage of described lithium-ion-power cell and the terminal voltage of test equipment；
Described lithium-ion-power cell is discharged into final discharging voltage by the electric current using nominal capacity size 1C,
Shelve 3～5min, use the electric current charging 12min of described nominal capacity size 1C, shelve 3～5min, adopt
Use 0.5C*n current discharge, will be 12s discharge time and discharge voltage reaches electric discharge and arranges during voltage corresponding
Electric current be defined as maximum discharge current Idis-max1, it is that final discharging voltage value deducts that described electric discharge arranges voltage
The difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of the terminal voltage of described lithium-ion-power cell and described test equipment, wherein,
N ∈ [Isosorbide-5-Nitrae 0] and be positive integer, described nominal capacity size 1C is for using the specified appearance of described lithium-ion-power cell
The electric current of 1/3 size of amount is to last the putting in described lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3 times
Capacitance；
The electric current of the 1/3 of employing nominal capacity size 1C is to described lithium-ion-power cell charge and discharge cycles 2～3
Secondary, circulation operation shelves 1～2h after completing and being fully charged again；
The electric current using described nominal capacity size 1C charges to charging upper limit electricity to described lithium-ion-power cell
Pressure, shelves 3～5min, uses the current discharge 18min of described nominal capacity size 1C, shelve 3～5min,
Use the charging of 0.5C*m electric current, will be 12s the charging interval and charging voltage reaches when charging arranges voltage pair
The electric current answered is defined as maximum charging current Icharge-max1, it is that charging upper limit voltage adds that described charging arranges voltage
The terminal voltage of upper described lithium-ion-power cell and the difference Δ V of the terminal voltage of described test equipment, wherein,
M ∈ [1,40] and be positive integer.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes: upon discharging
Between for 12s, discharge voltage be described electric discharge voltage is set time, measure the positive pole pole of described lithium-ion-power cell
Post and the temperature in centre position, when meeting: the difference of the temperature in described Positive Poles and described centre position
Δ T1 >=25 DEG C, described Positive Poles temperature more than 50 DEG C, the temperature in described centre position more than 50 DEG C, above-mentioned
In three kinds of situations any one or multiple time, described maximum discharge current is defined as Idis-max, and
Idis-max=Idis-max1-0.1C*a, wherein, a is 1,2,3；Described centre position is described lithium ion power electricity
The 1/2 of the body height in pond plus described Positive Poles height 1/2 position.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes: when charging
Between for 12s, charging voltage be described charging voltage is set time, measure the positive pole pole of described lithium-ion-power cell
Post and the temperature in centre position, when meeting: the difference DELTA of the temperature in described Positive Poles and described centre position
T2 >=20 DEG C, described Positive Poles temperature more than 45 DEG C, the temperature in described centre position more than 45 DEG C, on
State any one in three kinds of situations or multiple time, described maximum charging current is defined as Icharge-max, and
Icharge-max=Icharge-max1-0.1C*b, wherein, b is 1,2,3；Described centre position is that described lithium ion moves
The 1/2 of the body height of power battery plus described Positive Poles height 1/2 position.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after circulation operation completes and be fully charged
After shelving 1～2h again, described method also includes:
Observe whether the change in terminal voltage 30min of described lithium-ion-power cell is 0.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the test of described lithium-ion-power cell
The temperature of environment is 24.5～25.5 DEG C.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Described lithium-ion-power cell is shelved in the temperature of described test environment 4～5h.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lithium-ion-power cell be metal,
Plastics duricrust, aluminum-plastic composite membrane method for soft package lithium ion power in one.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described maximum discharge current Idis-maxWith
Idis-max1, described maximum charging current Icharge-maxWith Icharge-max1It is integer, and meets fractional part >=0.8
Shi Jinwei, fractional part < is cast out when 0.8.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described method also includes:
Utilize test lead, by the both positive and negative polarity of described lithium-ion-power cell respectively with the both positive and negative polarity of described test equipment
Being connected, the resistance of described test lead is less than or equal to 10m Ω.
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