CN107369858B - A kind of Bi-objective Balance route strategy stage by stage - Google Patents
A kind of Bi-objective Balance route strategy stage by stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN107369858B CN107369858B CN201710651002.0A CN201710651002A CN107369858B CN 107369858 B CN107369858 B CN 107369858B CN 201710651002 A CN201710651002 A CN 201710651002A CN 107369858 B CN107369858 B CN 107369858B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of battery pack Bi-objective equalizing circuit control strategies stage by stage.According to lithium battery equivalent-circuit model it is found that cell operating status consistency is codetermined by battery terminal voltage, open-circuit voltage, and one-to-one linear relationship is presented in open-circuit and SOC in a certain range.Bi-objective refers to while using single battery end voltage, single battery SOC as balanced index, realizes electric voltage equalization, SOC balance；Refer within a balanced period stage by stage, first equalizing voltage, then equilibrium SOC, realizes battery terminal voltage equilibrium, SOC balance, finally realize the equilibrium of battery terminal voltage, open-circuit voltage.The present invention can inherently eliminate the inconsistency of single battery in battery pack.The battery balanced management system of energy storage equipment of the control strategy suitable for hybrid vehicle, pure electric automobile or storage station.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of battery pack balancing technologies, are suitable for mixed power electric car, pure electric automobile or accumulation of energy
The battery balanced management system of energy storage equipment in power station.
Background technique
In recent years, with the worsening of air quality and gradually deficient, the new-energy automobile of petroleum resources, especially
Pure electric automobile becomes the exploitation hot spot of major motor corporation, the world today.Crucial portion of the power battery pack as electric car
Part, critical component of the power battery as electric car have significant impact to vehicle dynamic property, economy and safety.
Since cell capacity is limited, and monomer voltage is lower, so power battery pack is generally by multiple monomer electricity
Pond is formed in series and parallel to meet requirement.In this way, in actual use, due to existing between the single battery of same model
Inevitable problem of inconsistency will seriously affect battery pack service life, and is easy to cause to occur overcharging and show with over-discharge
As.
In order to improve the problem of inconsistency of battery pack, extends the service life of battery pack, increase substantially battery pack
Overall performance guarantees the safety and reliability that battery pack uses, and nowadays has a large amount of balanced topology and control strategy is mentioned
Out.Research for equalizing circuit control strategy, Kobzev, Tae-hoon Kim etc. are referred to using battery terminal voltage as equilibrium
Mark, to battery pack balancing, however the quality of battery performance cannot only rely on the height of voltage to measure, the low electricity of capacity in battery pack
In charging or after charging, end voltage may be higher than other batteries in pond, if using this equalization methods, balanced
The result is that the low battery of capacity supplements energy to the high battery of capacity, the gap of each battery capacity in battery pack is increased.
Danielson, Huang W et al. think to be as balanced variable advantage when electric current suddenly change under different operating conditions using SOC
When not will lead to battery charge state fluctuation so that equalization target variation is more stable, advantageously reduce balanced concussion to battery
Influence, but this equalization methods can only solve in battery pack the biggish battery of capacity that performance due to long-term undercharge declines
Problem can not reduce or eliminate the gap of each battery actual capacity.In general, the research of Balance route strategy at present mostly with
Single end voltage or single SOC are as balanced index.
Summary of the invention
Present invention combination battery equivalent circuit model, as shown in Fig. 2, the consistency of two single batteries is by battery open circuit electricity
Pressure, " internal resistance+capacitance-resistance link ", 3 parts such as battery terminal voltage are constituted, and within the scope of certain SOC, battery open circuit voltage with
SOC is illustrated in figure 3 there are one-to-one relationship, the open circuit of the Sanyo Lithium Battery of actual measurement under various operating conditions
The graph of relation of voltage and SOC, within the scope of 0.1-0.9, each curve is almost overlapped, and is illustrated within this range, open circuit electricity
Pressure has one-to-one relationship with SOC.If only using single SOC, monomer end voltage as balanced index, can not be from this
The dynamic conformance of reaction cell in matter, and using SOC, end voltage simultaneously as balanced index, it is ensured that " internal resistance+capacitance-resistance ring
The consistency of section ", and then guarantee that battery dynamic property is consistent.
Based on this, present invention proposition formulates Balance route strategy as balanced index simultaneously using SOC, end voltage, by dividing
Stage carries out equilibrium to SOC, end voltage, inherently improves the consistency of power battery pack single battery.
A kind of Bi-objective Balance route strategy stage by stage, refers to based on SOC, end Voltage Establishment equilibrium index, an equilibrium
Equilibrium is carried out to it stage by stage in period, it is final to realize each single battery SOC in battery pack, the consistency of voltage is held to meet design
It is required that.
Further, this method includes the following contents:
S1, it sets balanced index: each battery SOC being judged by detection circuit, holds whether the inconsistency of voltage meets equilibrium
Circuit operating conditions；Such as meet equilibrium condition, equalizing circuit is started to work；It is such as unsatisfactory for equilibrium condition, equalizing circuit does not work.
Each single battery average open-circuit voltage of battery pack is set as Uoc_ave, each single battery average terminal voltage is UL_ave,
It enables:
Di=Uoc_i-UL_i (1)
Uoc_i=f (soci) (2)
Dmax=Uoc_max-UL_min (3)
Dave=Uoc_ave-UL_ave (4)
Equalizing circuit work Rule of judgment are as follows: Dmax-Dave> vref, vrefFor equalizing circuit reference voltage value.
S2, balancing procedure include several balanced periods, and each equilibrium cycle T/2 times are used for electric voltage equalization, T/2 time
For SOC balance.
In charge and discharge process, if Dmax-Dave≤vref, equalizing circuit does not work, if Dmax-Dave> vref, equalizing circuit opens
Beginning work, the first half cycle in each equilibrium period is to Uoc_maxCorresponding single battery carries out equalization discharge, so that Uoc_maxReduce,
The later half period in each equilibrium period is to UL_minCorresponding single battery carries out charge balancing, so that UL_minIncrease, leads to Dmax
Reduce, finally makes Dmax-Dave≤vrefIt sets up.
S3, each balanced end cycle, detection circuit detect again and judge whether each battery SOC, end voltage meet
Weighing apparatus condition；
S4, step S2 is repeated, until single battery inconsistency is unsatisfactory for equalizing circuit operating condition, equalizing circuit stops
Work, balancing procedure terminate.
Further, in step S2, in the equalizing circuit course of work, by reducing the corresponding single battery of SOC maximum value
Open-circuit voltage, increase the end voltage of the corresponding single battery of end voltage minimum, so that DmaxReduce, gradually meets battery pack
Coincident indicator.As single battery D each in battery packi=Uoc_i-UL_iWhen reaching unanimity, single battery dynamic can be realized
Performance it is consistent.
Battery pack in the present invention can be secondary for lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery or supercapacitor etc.
Battery, Balance route strategy of the invention can be adapted for conductive discharge formula equalizing circuit, capacitive equalizing circuit, converter type
The energy-dissipating such as equalizing circuit and transformer type equalizing circuit equalizing circuit and energy non-dissipative type equalizing circuit.
Beneficial point of the invention is: while using battery terminal voltage, SOC as inconsistency index, it can be inherently
Improve the consistency of single battery in battery pack；By balanced stage by stage, do not increasing sequential operation amount and controlling complexity
Under the premise of, while realizing the equilibrium of end voltage, SOC.This control strategy method is reliable, on-line operation amount is small, is remarkably improved electricity
Pond security reliability improves energy content of battery utilization rate, extends battery life.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to of the present invention in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the principle of the present invention and implementation
Technical solution is further introduced using figure, is only section Example of the invention with the following figure, for art technology
For personnel, other technical solutions can be obtained according to the following figure without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 principle of the invention figure；
Fig. 2 lithium battery Order RC equivalent-circuit model；
Fig. 3 different multiplying constant current intermittent discharge OCV-SOC curve.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of equalizing circuit control strategy of Bi-objective stage by stage, Bi-objective refers to same with SOC, end voltage
Shi Zuowei equilibrium index, by realizing Di=Uoc_i-UL_iEquilibrium, to guarantee the work shape of each single battery of battery pack substantially
The consistency of state.Refer to stage by stage in each balanced period, there is half period to be used to realize end electric voltage equalization, this process passes through
Voltage minimum single battery in opposite end carries out charge balancing realization；There is half period to be used to realize SOC balance, i.e. open-circuit voltage is equal
Weighing apparatus, this process carry out equalization discharge realization by the highest single battery of open-circuit voltage.This control strategy method is reliable, online
Operand is small, is remarkably improved cell safety reliability, improves energy content of battery utilization rate, extends battery life.
Novel Bi-objective Balance route strategy stage by stage comprising the steps of:
S1, balanced index is set
Each battery SOC is judged by detection circuit, holds whether the inconsistency of voltage meets equalizing circuit operating condition；As completely
Sufficient equilibrium condition, equalizing circuit are started to work；It is such as unsatisfactory for equilibrium condition, equalizing circuit does not work.
Equalizing circuit work Rule of judgment are as follows: Dmax-Dave> vref, vrefFor equalizing circuit reference voltage value.Work as Dmax-Dave
> vrefWhen, equalizing circuit is started to work, and D is worked asmax-Dave≤vrefWhen, the consistency of battery pack is met the requirements, equalizing circuit not work
Make.
S2, equalizing circuit work
Balancing procedure includes several balanced periods, and each equilibrium cycle T/2 times are used for electric voltage equalization, and the T/2 time is used
In SOC balance.
Equalizing circuit is started to work, and the first half cycle in each equilibrium period is to Uoc_maxCorresponding single battery discharges
Equilibrium, so that Uoc_maxReduce；The later half period in each equilibrium period is to UL_minCorresponding single battery carries out charge balancing, makes
Obtain UL_minIncrease；Uoc_maxReduction, UL_minIncrease, lead to Dmax=Uoc_max-UL_minReduce, works as DmaxBe reduced to so that
Dmax-Dave≤vrefWhen establishment, equalizing circuit stops working.
S3, a balanced end cycle
Each equilibrium end cycle, detection circuit detect again and judge whether each battery SOC, end voltage meet balanced electricity
Road operating condition；
S4, balancing procedure terminate
One balanced end cycle, if each single battery SOC, end voltage meet equalizing circuit operating condition, equalizing circuit
It works on, if being unsatisfactory for equalizing circuit operating condition, equalizing circuit stops working, and balancing procedure terminates.
Before this strategy is used for equalizing circuit, need to carry out battery OCV-SOC calibration.
The 18650 type cylindrical batteries that the experimental subjects selected produces for Sanyo under Panasonic, rated capacity are
2600mAh, voltage rating 3.7V, charge cutoff voltage 4.2V, discharge cut-off voltage 2.75V.Battery is filled herein
Discharge test is carried out under 25 DEG C of constant temperatures in SOH=1, respectively demarcate 0.2C, 0.3C, 0.4C, 0.5C, 0.6C,
OCV-SOC curve under the conditions of 0.75C, 1C constant current intermittent discharge.
Every group of demarcating steps are as follows:
1. being charged the battery by the way of first constant current (0.2C) afterwards constant pressure (blanking voltage 4.25V)；
2. carrying out constant current constant volume amount (260mAh) electric discharge to battery；
3. electric discharge terminates, 1 hour is stood to eliminate battery polarization effect；
2. 3. 4. step is repeated, until battery discharge terminates.
It is illustrated in figure 3 calibration experiment result curve.It can be seen from the figure that each curve is several when SOC is greater than 10%
It is overlapped, illustrates under the conditions of same temperature (25 DEG C), SOH (new battery), the corresponding OCV-SOC relationship of different discharge-rates
Curve is similar, OCV-SOC curve at a temperature of can representing this with wherein any one curve, chooses 0.2C constant current interval herein and puts
OCV-SOC curve under electric condition is fitted using six order polynomial data of matlab, can be obtained as reference curve:
Uoc=a1×soc6+a2×soc5+a3×soc4+a4×soc3+a5×soc2+a6×soc+a7 (1)
Wherein: a1=-34.72, a2=120.7, a3=-165.9, a4=114.5, a5=-40.9, a6=7.31, a7=
3.231。
Claims (7)
1. a kind of battery pack Bi-objective Balance route strategy stage by stage, it is characterised in that: refer in a balanced cycle T, it is right
The balanced index of two of battery pack is controlled；Described two equilibrium indexs refer to the battery terminal voltage of each single battery, battery
SOC；The battery terminal voltage be in balanced cycle T before half of cycle T/2 carry out balanced, the battery SOC is in equilibrium
Second half of the cycle T/2 in cycle T carries out balanced.
2. battery pack Bi-objective as described in claim 1 Balance route strategy stage by stage, it is characterised in that: the equilibrium of battery pack
Process includes several balanced cycle Ts.
3. battery pack Bi-objective as claimed in claim 2 Balance route strategy stage by stage, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
S1, each battery terminal voltage is judged by detection circuit, whether the inconsistency of battery SOC meets equilibrium condition；
S2, it is such as unsatisfactory for equilibrium condition, equalizing circuit does not work；Such as meet equilibrium condition, equalizing circuit is started to work；
S3, balancing procedure include several balanced cycle Ts, battery terminal voltage be in balanced cycle T before half of cycle T/2 into
Row is balanced, and the battery SOC is that the second half of the cycle T/2 in balanced cycle T carries out equilibrium；
S4, each balanced end cycle, detection circuit detect again and judge the inconsistency of each battery terminal voltage, battery SOC
Whether equilibrium condition is met；
S5, and so on, until single battery inconsistency is unsatisfactory for equalizing circuit operating condition, equalizing circuit stops working.
4. described in any item battery pack Bi-objectives Balance route strategy stage by stage according to claim 1~3, it is characterised in that:
The battery pack is secondary cell.
5. battery pack Bi-objective according to claim 4 Balance route strategy stage by stage, it is characterised in that: the battery pack
It is lead-acid battery, lithium ion battery, nickel-metal hydride battery or supercapacitor.
6. described in any item battery pack Bi-objectives Balance route strategy stage by stage according to claim 1~3, it is characterised in that:
The Balance route strategy is suitable for energy-dissipating equalizing circuit and energy non-dissipative type equalizing circuit.
7. battery pack Bi-objective according to claim 6 Balance route strategy stage by stage, it is characterised in that: the balanced control
It is balanced that system strategy is suitable for conductive discharge formula equalizing circuit, capacitive equalizing circuit, converter type equalizing circuit and transformer type
Circuit.
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| CN107919674B (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2021-09-14 | 广州智光电气股份有限公司 | Balance control method and device for energy storage battery |
| CN109038707B (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2020-05-19 | 华中科技大学 | Battery pack subsection mixing balance control method |
| CN109638922A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-04-16 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of direct balance control method of series-connected cell group twin voltage |
| CN110880622A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-03-13 | 江西恒动新能源有限公司 | Equalization control method of battery pack |
| CN113875114A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2021-12-31 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Battery equalization method and system, battery and movable platform |
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