CN104950264A - Method for testing self-discharge of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Method for testing self-discharge of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN104950264A CN104950264A CN201510367998.3A CN201510367998A CN104950264A CN 104950264 A CN104950264 A CN 104950264A CN 201510367998 A CN201510367998 A CN 201510367998A CN 104950264 A CN104950264 A CN 104950264A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a method for testing self-discharge of a lithium ion battery and aims to provide a self-discharge separation method with high accuracy, low range error probability and capacity of achieving long service life of a lithium ion battery pack. The method for testing the self-discharge of the lithium ion battery comprises steps as follows: step one, the lithium ion battery adjusted in an SOC (state of charge) is stored for 3-10 days at the temperature of 45-60 DEG C and then is subjected to open-circuit voltage testing, and the open-circuit voltage is recorded as OCV1; step two, the tested lithium ion battery is stored for 3-10 days at the temperature of 45-60 DEG C and then is subjected to open-circuit voltage testing, and the open-circuit voltage is recorded as OCV2; step three, deltaV is calculated according to a calculation formula that deltaV is equal to the difference obtained by subtracting OCV2 from OCV1, and separation self-discharge is performed with 1mV-5mV as one range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of lithium ion battery, especially a kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has that energy density is high, long service life and voltage advantages of higher, be not only on a portable electronic device, as the consumer markets such as mobile phone, portable power source, digital camera and notebook are developed fast, and have also been obtained in emerging markets such as the power category markets such as electric automobile, electric bicycle and electric tool and energy storage class markets and apply widely.
In these emerging market fields, battery is used by original monomer to change in order to connection in series-parallel combinationally uses, and proposes very high requirement to battery with two side terminals.Self discharge is as one of the biggest factor affecting the battery combination inclusion life-span, if self discharge is inconsistent, when serial number is many, between battery inclusion, the SOC state difference mutation in every crosstalk pond is large, occur that the probability of super-charge super-discharge is very large, inclusion is difficult to worry along 100 circulations usually, otherwise the equalizing system of the BMS using price high.
The self discharge of battery refers to when external circuit disconnects, the battery capacity loss caused by inside battery spontaneous reaction, two classes are divided into for this kind of loss of lithium ion battery, one class is the reversible self discharge that inner micro-short circuit causes, this kind of self-discharge rate is smaller under normal circumstances, the another kind of capacitance loss caused for the redox of electrolytic solution on both positive and negative polarity, this part is irreversible loss.But no matter be which kind of self discharge, self discharge speed all can there are differences between battery, causes battery inconsistent, if sorting is bad, power brick body life time can be caused extremely short.
For lithium ion battery, although its self discharge is very little relative to other batteries, but because its application in power and energy storage is all often that a large amount of battery series-parallel connection uses, SOC state consistency between each string is most important to inclusion cycle life, have that any a string battery SOC state is many or few just will there will be serious super-charge super-discharge electrical phenomena, battery will there will be serious potential safety hazard---and " interior short ".This SOC difference will be amplified fast in cyclic process in addition, and the combination of monomers of 2000 ~ 3000 circulations originally substantially all can not do 100 circulations together.Self discharge is very big on the impact of power brick, and the different battery strings of self discharge together, can make the SOC state initially adjusted become uneven, make battery there is great problem in life-span and secure context.Therefore, any power brick is all very high to the conforming requirement of self-discharge of battery.Initial SOC state can by discharge and recharge control, and the consistance of self discharge is exactly crucial.So a kind of method effectively selecting self-discharge of battery is just most important in process of production.The conventional conforming method of self discharge of selecting first battery is full of electricity, records its magnitude of voltage, carries out voltage tester record again, using the voltage difference of twice as the foundation selecting self discharge after storing a period of time.This method the conforming result of select self discharge be wrong, instead of the error that some patent is said is large.This kind of patent, as patent CN103008261 A, also has and battery SOC state is adjusted to electric discharge state carries out testing, as: CN 103293481 A.Although the method that these patents propose all refer to the relation of self discharge and △ V, rest on the surface to the understanding of self discharge and △ V, the result obtained can wrong mistake.No matter which SOC state battery will be adjusted to, all must carry out discharge and recharge just can reach, namely use the very little a lot of sky of electric current constant current constant voltage, all there is a △ V before and after storing after stopping, this △ V is not only and comprises self discharge, further comprises the corrosion current that a polarization causes, also can be called inner from euqalizing current, the ratio shared by it is very large, therefore, the basis of these patent sortings aforementioned all has problems, and result can not meet needs of production naturally.
For above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of method can eliminating the test self discharge of the voltage drop caused from euqalizing current.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the method for the little and test lithium ion battery self discharge that makes the lithium ion battery bag life-span long of high, the mixed shelves probability of a kind of self discharge method for separating accuracy is provided.
In order to achieve the above object, a kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge designed by the present invention: the first step, by lithium ion battery good for capacity stepping after SOC state is adjusted, under the condition of 45 ~ 60 DEG C, store, after 1 ~ 10 day, open-circuit voltage test is carried out to lithium ion battery, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again under the condition of 45 ~ 60 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 1 ~ 10 day, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by self discharge computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 1mV ~ 10mV.
As preferably, the positive pole of lithium ion battery is made up of LiFePO4 or cobalt acid lithium, and negative pole is that graphite is formed.
According to the above, a kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge designed by the present invention, by the battery by adjustment SOC state, at high temperature aging a period of time, the carrying out of accelerated corrosion balanced balanced current, make it reach balance fast, within the shorter time, eliminate the impact that it is tested self discharge, and then test the self discharge that the voltage drop obtained can represent battery effectively.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge that the present embodiment describes: the first step, after cobalt acid lithium/ternary ionic battery is under the adjustment of SOC state, with under the condition of 45 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 7 days, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again with under the condition of 55 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 7 days, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 1mV.
Wherein, cobalt acid lithium battery packet number is 1$, 2#, and ternary ionic power brick is numbered 3#, 4#.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge that the present embodiment describes: the first step, after cobalt acid lithium/ternary ionic battery is under the adjustment of SOC state, with under the condition of 60 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 1 day, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again with under the condition of 45 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 5 days, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 5mV.
Wherein, cobalt acid lithium battery packet number is 1#, 2#, and ternary ionic power brick is numbered 3#, 4#.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge that the present embodiment describes: after ferrous phosphate lithium battery is under the adjustment of SOC state, with under the condition of 55 DEG C, stores, after 5 days, open-circuit voltage test is carried out to lithium ion battery, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again with under the condition of 60 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 3 days, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 3mV.
Wherein, ferrous phosphate lithium battery packet number is 1#, 2#.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge that the present embodiment describes: after ferrous phosphate lithium battery is under the adjustment of SOC state, with under the condition of 45 DEG C, stores, after 6 days, open-circuit voltage test is carried out to lithium ion battery, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again with under the condition of 50 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 7 days, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 5mV.
Wherein, ferrous phosphate lithium battery packet number is 1#, 2#.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge that the present embodiment describes: after cobalt acid lithium/ternary ionic battery is under the adjustment of SOC state, with under the condition of 45 DEG C, stores, after 3 days, open-circuit voltage test is carried out to lithium ion battery, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again with under the condition of 50 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 7 days, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 4mV.
Wherein, cobalt acid lithium battery packet number is 1#, 2#, and ternary ionic power brick is numbered 3#, 4#.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge that the present embodiment describes: after ferrous phosphate lithium battery is under the adjustment of SOC state, with under the condition of 55 DEG C, stores, after 3 days, open-circuit voltage test is carried out to lithium ion battery, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again with under the condition of 60 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 1 day, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 1mV.
Wherein, ferrous phosphate lithium battery packet number is 1#, 2#.
Be below according to conditions such as capacity, internal resistance, self discharges, the power brick that SOC is combined into 10 strings adjusted by battery embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 being prepared group, nebula aging cabinet carries out loop test, the capacity of record circulation 300 times, the contrast table of capability retention during with the lithium ion battery by traditional approach gained 300 times of capability retention when calculating 300 times:
Be below according to conditions such as capacity, internal resistance, self discharges, the power brick that SOC is combined into 10 strings adjusted by battery embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3, embodiment 4, embodiment 5 and embodiment 6 being prepared group, nebula aging cabinet carries out loop test, the magnitude of voltage of record 10 string power brick, is calculated sorting and mixes grade probability and the contrast table being mixed grade probability by the sorting of the lithium ion battery of traditional approach gained:
As can be seen from above two forms, very large by voltage differences between each series-connected cell that the power brick capability retention of traditional approach gained is low, some batteries are also full power state substantially, the overdischarge of some batteries, even some battery short circuit because of super-charge super-discharge; Although and it is also variant to screen the battery voltage of combo gained again by self discharge of the present invention, does not reach the level of super-charge super-discharge.And according in actual use, when the power brick of combination bunchiness progressively increases to 50 ~ 3000 string, the difference of being mixed grade probability by the capability retention of the lithium ion battery of traditional approach gained and sorting just can be larger; And it is better to mix shelves probabilistic consistency by the capability retention of the lithium ion battery of mode gained of the present invention and sorting.
Claims (2)
1. test the method for lithium ion battery self discharge for one kind, it is characterized in that: the first step, by lithium ion battery good for capacity stepping after SOC state is adjusted, under the condition of 45 ~ 60 DEG C, store, after 1 ~ 10 day, open-circuit voltage test is carried out to lithium ion battery, and be designated as OCV1; Second step, by the lithium ion battery after test again under the condition of 45 ~ 60 DEG C, stores and carries out open-circuit voltage test to lithium ion battery after 1 ~ 10 day, and be designated as OCV2; 3rd step, by self discharge computing formula △ V=OCV1-OCV2, calculates △ V, and is a class sorting self discharge with 1mV ~ 10mV.
2. a kind of method of testing lithium ion battery self discharge according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the positive pole of lithium ion battery is made up of LiFePO4 or cobalt acid lithium, and negative pole is that graphite is formed.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106842051A (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2017-06-13 | 天津市捷威动力工业有限公司 | A kind of screening technique of ternary system lithium-ion-power cell self discharge |
| CN106824831A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-06-13 | 金同林 | A kind of manufacture method of the motive-power battery for improving lithium ion battery uniformity |
| CN106908727A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-30 | 郑州比克电池有限公司 | The method for precisely detecting lithium ion battery self discharge |
| WO2017161882A1 (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2017-09-28 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Power cell selection method |
| CN107219468A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-29 | 湖北金泉新材料有限责任公司 | A kind of lithium ion battery self discharge screening technique and Li-ion batteries piles |
| CN108160531A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-06-15 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | A kind of self-discharge of battery method for separating |
| CN109212427A (en) * | 2017-07-09 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳格林德能源有限公司 | A kind of polymer Li-ion battery self discharge screening technology |
| CN110221227A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 上海动力储能电池系统工程技术有限公司 | Single battery state consistency evaluating method in battery modules |
| CN110632529A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 湖南华兴新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium battery self-discharge testing process |
| CN112698227A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-23 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery self-discharge abnormity screening method |
| CN113655388A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-16 | 苏州领湃新能源科技有限公司 | Self-discharge monitoring and production control method of lithium ion battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108160531B (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2021-04-09 | 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 | Battery self-discharge sorting method |
| CN110221227A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 上海动力储能电池系统工程技术有限公司 | Single battery state consistency evaluating method in battery modules |
| CN110632529A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 湖南华兴新能源科技有限公司 | Lithium battery self-discharge testing process |
| CN112698227A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-23 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Lithium ion battery self-discharge abnormity screening method |
| CN113655388A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-16 | 苏州领湃新能源科技有限公司 | Self-discharge monitoring and production control method of lithium ion battery |
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