CN108680234A - A kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium - Google Patents
A kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN108680234A CN108680234A CN201810670775.8A CN201810670775A CN108680234A CN 108680234 A CN108680234 A CN 108680234A CN 201810670775 A CN201810670775 A CN 201810670775A CN 108680234 A CN108680234 A CN 108680234A
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- water
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- energy converter
- depth
- transmitting transducer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
- G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
- G01F23/2962—Measuring transit time of reflected waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01B17/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations for measuring thickness
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of water-depth measurement methods of quarice layer medium, are related to underwater acoustic measurement technical field；A kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium includes transmitting transducer 1, receives energy converter 2 and groove 3；Transmitting transducer 1, reception energy converter 2 are fixed in groove 3 first；It is sent out in the form of a sound wave by transmitting transducer 1 by signal is emitted again；Then a small amount of acoustical signal of horizontal direction arrival is received by receiving energy converter 2, and writes down abscissa and is denoted as t1；Second wave crest signal that ice sheet lower surface is reflected back is received again and writes down abscissa t2；It finally receives the third wave crest signal returned after water bottom scatters and writes down abscissa t3；The speed propagated in different medium by sound wave and the time difference measured calculate the depth value in current waters.The advantages that present invention has and directly can carry out water-depth measurement on ice sheet surface, can measure ice layer thickness, and convenient data processing is quick, easy care.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underwater acoustic measurement technical fields, and in particular to a kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium.
Background technology
Depth-sounding principle is to emit sound wave vertically downward using underwater acoustic transducer and receive water-bed echo, according to echo
Acoustic speed of propagation in time and water determines the depth of water of measured point, by water-bed change in depth can understand water-bed landform
Situation of change.With the thought of reflection sounding gone out by the Aragon of France earliest, 1807, Aragon pointed out to utilize sound reflecting
It can sound the depth of the water.During the World War I and World War II, marine acoustics has significant development, echo
Bathymetric Technology is quickly grown, and is initially applied to probe submarine cable circuit aspect.According to the range of depth measurement, occur
Shallow water echo depth sounder, the reflection sounding system of the fixed series such as middle deep echometer and deep water echometer.It returns
Echo sounder carry out subglacial measure with good directionality, penetration capacity is strong, energy is high, high sensitivity, examine speed it is fast, to human body
The features such as harmless, and can be propagated in different coals quality, so that oceanic sounding technical aspect is had a qualitative leap.
The pulse signal that depth of water energy converter multi-emitting sine wave is filled in practical application, the echo-signal by delay are being believed
It is widely used in number analysis, communication and the technologies such as location navigation.But traditional water-depth measurement method can not be on ice sheet surface
It directly sounds the depth of the water, but ice sheet must be dug thoroughly, the depth of water is then measured by depth of water energy converter again, to thick plus ice sheet
Degree, obtains the practical depth of water, and ice sheet this inconvenience must be dug when in order to solve to sound the depth of the water, and Wang Hui et al. utilizes ice sheet detection
The method that device detects echo obtains the depth of water (a kind of subglacial depth of water measurement method, the patent No.：CN201710722230.2), this side
Method needs ice sheet wave detector being fixed on ice sheet, it is necessary to enough levelness be kept just to can ensure that the accuracy of measurement result.
The present invention overcomes conventional methods the problems such as inconvenience and the insufficient previous methods measurement accuracy of the depth of water are surveyed in ice sheet surface, carries
Go out a kind of directly in the method for the ice sheet surface measurement depth of water.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods in the ice sheet surface measurement depth of water, to solve prior art depth measurement essence
The not high problem of degree.
A kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium, which is characterized in that comprising transmitting transducer 1, receive energy converter 2 with
Groove 3；Transmitting transducer 1 is disc piston type transducer with reception energy converter 2；By transmitting transducer 1 and receive energy converter 2
The groove 3 that ice sheet surface is polished to appropriate depth by sander is fixed in ice face, is subsequently poured into appropriate anti-icing fluid, is made to change
Energy device couples completely with ice sheet；A kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium realizes that steps are as follows：
Step 1：Trigger signal generator generates a series of LFM signals for being divided into Δ t；
Step 2：Signal source generates LFM letters after receiving the trigger signal that small amplitude wave sound source Δ t time intervals emit
Number, encourage transmitting transducer 1 to emit acoustic signals after power amplifier amplifies；The wherein time interval of trigger signalWherein L is maximum depth measurement distance, and c is the velocity of sound in water；
Step 3：Transmitting transducer 1 emits signal, receives energy converter 2 and immediately receives initial spike wave crest, abscissa
It is denoted as t1；
Step 4：The maximum position that energy converter 2 receives second relevant peaks is received, abscissa is denoted as t2；
Step 5：The maximum position that energy converter 2 receives third relevant peaks is received, abscissa is denoted as t3；
Step 6：Step 2 is repeated to step 5, after meter ith transmitting signal, the signal wave crest that receives for the first time
Abscissa value is denoted as ti1, two wave crests adjacent thereto are denoted as t respectivelyi2, ti3, the mean depth obtained in this group is：
Δti=ti1-ti2
Δt′i=ti2-ti3
Wherein Δ tiThe propagation time for being pulse signal in ice sheet, h1For the ice layer thickness being calculated, Δ t 'iFor arteries and veins
Rush the propagation time of signal in water, h2For the depth of water being calculated.
The present invention has the following advantages：
1. can water-depth measurement directly be carried out on ice sheet surface；
2. can not only measure to obtain the data of the depth of water below ice sheet, moreover it is possible to incidentally obtain the thickness of ice sheet；
3. the processing method of measured data of experiment is fairly simple, complicated signal processing algorithm is not needed.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the connection diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the in-site installation figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the result figure obtained after the present invention specifically tests.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings 1~3 and example invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
Connector apparatus as shown in Figure 1, transmitting transducer 1 is disc piston type transducer with reception energy converter 2, fixed
When energy converter, the radiating surface of energy converter and ice face must be in close contact.Ice sheet surface is polished into appropriate depth with sander
Transmitting transducer 1 energy converter 2 and is fixed in groove 3 with receiving, is subsequently poured into appropriate anti-icing fluid by groove, make energy converter with
Ice sheet couples completely.The effect of signalling generator is to generate trigger signal, and signal source generates LFM letters after receiving trigger signal
Number, encourage transmitting transducer 1 to emit acoustic signals after power amplifier amplifies.The wherein time interval of trigger signal
Wherein L is maximum depth measurement distance, and c is the velocity of sound in water.When transmitting transducer 1 emits signal, receiving energy converter 2 can receive immediately
To initial spike wave crest, it is denoted as t1。
When system works, emit signal after small amplitude wave sound source Δ t time intervals, collector acquires and preserves reception transducing
The signal that device 2 receives.
It is pulse signal to receive the signal that energy converter 2 receives, and finds out the maximum value of first relevant peaks in handling result
Position, abscissa are denoted as t1；As a result the maximum position of second relevant peaks in, abscissa are denoted as t2；
In one group of signal, take it is multigroup originate wave crest, abscissa value is denoted as ti1, take two waves adjacent thereto
Peak is denoted as t respectivelyi2, ti3, the mean depth obtained in this group is：
Δti=ti1-ti2
Δt′i=ti2-ti3
Wherein Δ tiThe propagation time for being pulse signal in ice sheet, h1For the ice layer thickness being calculated, Δ t 'iFor arteries and veins
Rush the propagation time of signal in water, h2For the depth of water being calculated.
Embodiment 2：
The first step, in conjunction with Fig. 1, trigger signal generator generates a series of LFM signals for being divided into Δ t.
Second step, in conjunction with Fig. 1, the pulse signal generated by signal generator is modulated by signal source, forms electric signal,
Since acoustical signal is larger by being lost when ice sheet and aqueous medium, it is desirable to still there is certain signal-to-noise ratio after transmitting and recycling, it must
Output signal must be subjected to power amplification by power amplifier, so that transmitting signal is not submerged in noise signal.
Third walks, and in conjunction with Fig. 2, ice sheet surface is polished one piece by the ice sheet above target location waters using sander
Inside grooves are imported appropriate anti-icing fluid by appropriately sized groove 3, and transmitting transducer 1 and reception energy converter 2 are fixed on groove
In, transmitting transducer 1 must keep close enough at a distance from reception energy converter 2, but also must ensure there is certain interval simultaneously.
4th step, in conjunction with Fig. 2, transmitting signal is finally sent out at transmitting transducer 1 in the form of a sound wave, passes through what is be close to
Anti-icing fluid passes to ice sheet medium, and a small amount of acoustical signal is directly reached by horizontal direction and receives energy converter 2, forms coherent signal
First wave crest, most of signal is propagated vertically downward reaches ice sheet lower surface, and sound wave reflects simultaneously in ice sheet lower surface
With transmission phenomenon, part, which is reflected signal and reached, to be received at energy converter 2, forms second wave crest of coherent signal, transmission signal after
It is continuous to propagate vertically downward, by water layer, target water bottom is reached, can occur to scatter and transmit phenomenon, part in water bottom
Scattered signal reaches by water layer and ice sheet and receives energy converter 2, ultimately forms the third wave crest of coherent signal.
5th step, in conjunction with Fig. 1, echo-signal reaches by the transmission of medium and receives energy converter 2, due to medium exist compared with
The influence of big damage and noise, echo-signal have to pass through measuring amplifier and filter, to obtain preferable noise
Than, and obtain the echo signal of associated frequency band.
6th step obtains the distribution map of waveforms amplitude and time by simple data processing, finds out correlation peak, profit
Use formulaObtain sounding the depth of the water for target water.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium, which is characterized in that comprising transmitting transducer (1), receive energy converter (2)
With groove (3)；Transmitting transducer (1) is disc piston type transducer with reception energy converter (2)；By transmitting transducer (1) and
The groove (3) that ice sheet surface is polished appropriate depth by sander by reception energy converter (2) is fixed in ice face, is subsequently poured into
Appropriate anti-icing fluid makes energy converter be coupled completely with ice sheet；A kind of water-depth measurement method of quarice layer medium realizes that steps are as follows：
Step 1：Trigger signal generator generates a series of LFM signals for being divided into Δ t；
Step 2：Signal source generates LFM signals, warp after receiving the trigger signal that small amplitude wave sound source Δ t time intervals emit
Excitation transmitting transducer (1) emits acoustic signals after power amplifier amplification；The wherein time interval of trigger signal
Wherein L is maximum depth measurement distance, and c is the velocity of sound in water；
Step 3：Transmitting transducer (1) emits signal, receives energy converter (2) and immediately receives initial spike wave crest, abscissa
It is denoted as t1；
Step 4：The maximum position that energy converter (2) receives second relevant peaks is received, abscissa is denoted as t2；
Step 5：The maximum position that energy converter (2) receives third relevant peaks is received, abscissa is denoted as t3；
Step 6：Step 2 is repeated to step 5, after meter ith emits signal, the horizontal seat of the signal wave crest received for the first time
Scale value is denoted as ti1, two wave crests adjacent thereto are denoted as t respectivelyi2, ti3, the mean depth obtained in this group is：
Δti=ti1-ti2
Δt′i=ti2-ti3
Wherein Δ tiThe propagation time for being pulse signal in ice sheet, h1For the ice layer thickness being calculated, Δ ti' believe for pulse
Propagation time number in water, h2For the depth of water being calculated.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110224765A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 西北工业大学 | A method of quarice layer data is wirelessly transferred |
| CN110426531A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-08 | 吉林大学 | Subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and measurement method |
| CN112197915A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2021-01-08 | 国家海洋环境监测中心 | Acoustic detection method for oil spilling under ice layer of offshore oil drilling platform in frozen sea area |
| CN113405631A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Transducer and ice surface coupling device for underwater water depth measurement |
| CN115236593A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Ice-crossing positioning method for under-ice sound source based on ice sound attenuation characteristics |
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| US5172595A (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1992-12-22 | Scotsman Group, Inc. | Bin level control circuit and transducer mounting system for an ice making machine |
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| CN204854669U (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-12-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | Pull formula ultrasonic wave ice sheet thickness measuring device based on flexible construction |
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| US5172595A (en) * | 1990-06-12 | 1992-12-22 | Scotsman Group, Inc. | Bin level control circuit and transducer mounting system for an ice making machine |
| CN104048628A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-17 | 山东中科普锐检测技术有限公司 | Method for accurately detecting thickness through ultrasonic wave equivalent peak value and device using method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110224765A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-10 | 西北工业大学 | A method of quarice layer data is wirelessly transferred |
| CN110426531A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-11-08 | 吉林大学 | Subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and measurement method |
| CN112197915A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2021-01-08 | 国家海洋环境监测中心 | Acoustic detection method for oil spilling under ice layer of offshore oil drilling platform in frozen sea area |
| CN112197915B (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2023-02-17 | 国家海洋环境监测中心 | Acoustic detection method for oil spill under ice layer of offshore oil drilling platform in icing sea area |
| CN113405631A (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2021-09-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Transducer and ice surface coupling device for underwater water depth measurement |
| CN113405631B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-08-12 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Transducer and ice surface coupling device for underwater water depth measurement |
| CN115236593A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Ice-crossing positioning method for under-ice sound source based on ice sound attenuation characteristics |
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Application publication date: 20181019 |