CN110426531A - Subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and measurement method - Google Patents
Subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110426531A CN110426531A CN201910865737.2A CN201910865737A CN110426531A CN 110426531 A CN110426531 A CN 110426531A CN 201910865737 A CN201910865737 A CN 201910865737A CN 110426531 A CN110426531 A CN 110426531A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/24—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave
- G01P5/245—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting acoustical wave by measuring transit time of acoustical waves
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and measurement methods, wherein, the system comprises: FPGA master control, power-supplying circuit, 1 ultrasonic transmission device, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers, data acquisition module and host computer, ultrasonic transmission device is placed in ice face, for emitting ultrasonic wave to subglacial, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers are respectively placed in ice face and along the equidistant front and back for being placed in ultrasonic transmission device of water (flow) direction, for receiving the ultrasonic surface wave of ice face generation, ultrasonic wave primary reflection across ice sheet and the ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave across water flow layer, data acquisition module is for being acquired ultrasonic reflections signal and being uploaded to FPGA master control, FPGA master control is used to the live signal received being sent to host computer, host computer is according to ultrasonic wave The time difference generated when time and tide is propagated in subglacial stream because spread speed changes calculates the flow velocity of subglacial stream.
Description
Technical field
The invention patent relates to water flow velocity field of measuring technique, specifically provide a kind of subglacial stream stream based on ultrasound
Fast measuring system and measurement method.
Background technique
Hydrology department will carry out real-time monitoring, in hydrographic information, water flow stream to hydrographic informations such as river, river, lakes throughout the year
Speed is an important hydrographic message, and the accurate measurement of flow velocity is most important to the accuracy of hydrographic information, current meter be for
The instrument of flow velocity is measured, currently, current meter on the market has doppler velocimeter, outstanding paddle current meter etc..Current meter is used extensively
In the unit of the professional water conservancy hydrologic research flow rate such as water conservancy hydrometric station, research institute and Bureau of Water Resources.
But since northern China weather is more cold, some waters will appear icing phenomenon, it is still desirable to measure subglacial water
Flow velocity is flowed, deicing is needed with outstanding paddle current meter, expends a large amount of cost and time, then needed on ice with doppler velocimeter
Instrument is placed in water after punchinging, but time of measuring is of short duration, instrument is easy freezed damage under conditions of weather cold, influences
Measure the efficiency of flow velocity.
Therefore, developing one kind can be placed in ice face and can become people to the set of system that subglacial stream flow velocity measures
Urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the invention patent be designed to provide a kind of subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and
Measurement method, to solve the problems, such as that the measurement of existing subglacial stream flow velocity can not be completed in ice face.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound, comprising: FPGA master control
Power-supplying circuit, 1 ultrasonic transmission device, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers, the data acquisition modules being connect with FPGA master control
Block and host computer, wherein power-supplying circuit is used to power to FPGA master control, and ultrasonic transmission device is placed in ice face, is used for
Emit ultrasonic wave to subglacial, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers are respectively placed in ice face and are placed in ultrasonic wave along water (flow) direction is equidistant
The front and back of emitter, for receive ice face generation ultrasonic surface wave, across ice sheet ultrasonic wave primary reflection and
Across the ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave of water flow layer, the ultrasonic wave that data acquisition module is used to receive ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver is anti-
It penetrates signal and is acquired and is uploaded to FPGA master control, FPGA master control is for the live signal of data collecting module collected to be sent to
Host computer, host computer is used to receive the information that FPGA master control is sent and time and tide is propagated in subglacial stream according to ultrasonic wave
When time difference for being generated because spread speed changes calculate the flow velocity of subglacial stream.
It is preferred that the ultrasonic transmission device includes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the transmitting that connect with ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit
Energy converter, the transmitting transducer are used to convert mechanical wave energy for the ultrasonic energy that ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is launched,
And ice sheet and subglacial water flow are acted on, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver includes receiving energy converter and connecting with reception energy converter super
Acoustic receiver circuit, the mechanical wave energy for receiving energy converter for will receive are converted into ultrasonic energy and are sent to super
Acoustic receiver circuit.
Further preferably, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver further includes the reception signal processing that circuit connection is received with ultrasonic wave
Circuit, the reception signal processing circuit are used to carry out the ultrasonic signal received processing conditioning and amplification.
Further preferably, the data acquisition module includes analog-digital converter and the data that connect with the analog-digital converter
Memory.
Further preferably, it is provided with display screen on the host computer, for the super of real-time display data collecting module collected
The parameter information and calculated result information of sound wave.
Subglacial river is carried out using above-mentioned subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound the present invention also provides a kind of
The method of flow velocity measuring, includes the following steps:
(1), 1 ultrasonic transmission device and 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers are sequentially placed in ice face；
(2), using ultrasonic transmission device to ultrasonic wave is emitted under ice face, when emitting ultrasonic wave, ice face can generate ultrasound
Wave table surface wave, ice and water interface generate ultrasonic wave primary reflection, and the bottom generates ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave；
(3), 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers receive the ultrasonic surface wave of ice face generation, ultrasonic wave primary reflection respectively
With ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave；
(4), data acquisition module is acquired and uploads to the ultrasonic reflections signal that ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver receives
To FPGA master control；
(5), the live signal of data collecting module collected is sent to host computer by FPGA master control, and host computer receives FPGA
It is produced when according to ultrasonic wave, time and tide is propagated in subglacial stream after the information that master control is sent because spread speed changes
The raw time difference calculates the flow velocity of subglacial stream.
It is preferred that the ultrasonic transmission device includes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the transmitting that connect with ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit
Energy converter, the transmitting transducer are used to convert mechanical wave energy for the ultrasonic energy that ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is launched,
And ice sheet and subglacial water flow are acted on, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver includes receiving energy converter and connecting with reception energy converter super
Acoustic receiver circuit, the mechanical wave energy for receiving energy converter for will receive are converted into ultrasonic energy and are sent to super
Acoustic receiver circuit.
Further preferably, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver further includes the reception signal processing that circuit connection is received with ultrasonic wave
Circuit, the reception signal processing circuit are used to carry out the ultrasonic signal received processing conditioning and amplification.
Further preferably, the data acquisition module includes analog-digital converter and the data that connect with the analog-digital converter
Memory.
Further preferably, display screen, the ultrasonic wave of real-time display data collecting module collected are provided on the host computer
Parameter information and calculated result information.
The subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound that the invention patent provides, may be implemented subglacial stream flow velocity
Measurement, specifically: ultrasonic transmission device being placed in ice face, and to ultrasonic wave is emitted under ice face vertically, emits ultrasonic wave
When, ice face can generate ultrasonic surface wave, and ice and water interface can generate ultrasonic wave primary reflection, can generate by the bottom super
Sound wave secondary counter ejected wave, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers can be respectively received above-mentioned ultrasonic surface wave, downstream condition and against the current
Under the conditions of ultrasonic wave primary reflection and secondary counter ejected wave, later, the above-mentioned ultrasonic wave of data collecting module collected emits signal
And transferred data in host computer by FPGA master control, host computer is i.e. using above-mentioned data and according to ultrasonic wave in counter battens
Part with against the current under the conditions of propagation time it is different, calculate subglacial river flow velocity.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawing and embodiment is described in further detail the invention patent:
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram for the subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound that the invention patent provides；
Fig. 2 is the cloth of the subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound that provides of the invention patent in the detection process
If the location drawing.
Specific embodiment
The invention patent is further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but the not limitation present invention
Patent.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the present invention provides a kind of subglacial stream flow velocity measuring systems based on ultrasound, comprising:
FPGA master control 1 and the ultrasonic wave of ultrasonic transmission device 3,2 of power-supplying circuit 2,1 connecting with FPGA master control 1 receive dress
Set 4, data acquisition module 5 and host computer 6, wherein power-supplying circuit 2 is used to power to FPGA master control 1, ultrasonic wave transmitting dress
It sets 3 to be placed in ice face, for emitting ultrasonic wave to subglacial, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers 4 are respectively placed in ice face and along water flow side
To the equidistant front and back for being placed in ultrasonic transmission device 3, for receiving the ultrasonic surface wave of ice face generation, across ice sheet
Ultrasonic wave primary reflection and ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave across water flow layer, data acquisition module 5 are used to receive ultrasonic wave
The ultrasonic reflections signal that device 4 receives is acquired and is uploaded to FPGA master control 1, and FPGA master control 1 is for acquiring data
The live signal that module 5 acquires is sent to host computer 6, and host computer 6 is used to receive the information that FPGA master control 1 is sent and according to super
The time difference that sound wave generates when time and tide is propagated in subglacial stream because spread speed changes calculates subglacial stream
Flow velocity.
The subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound, may be implemented the measurement of subglacial stream flow velocity, specifically:
Ultrasonic transmission device is placed in ice face, and to ultrasonic wave is emitted under ice face, when emitting ultrasonic wave, ice face can generate ultrasonic wave
Surface wave, ice and water interface can generate ultrasonic wave primary reflection, can generate ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave by the bottom, and 2
Ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver can be respectively received above-mentioned ultrasonic surface wave, downstream condition and against the current under the conditions of ultrasonic wave it is primary
Back wave and secondary counter ejected wave, later, the above-mentioned ultrasonic wave transmitting signal of data collecting module collected will simultaneously be counted by FPGA master control
Biography according to being sent in host computer, under the conditions of host computer is using above-mentioned data and according to ultrasonic wave in condition downstream and against the current
It is different between sowing time, calculate subglacial river flow velocity.
Wherein, the ultrasonic transmission device 3 includes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the hair connecting with ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit
Energy converter is penetrated, the transmitting transducer is used to convert mechanical wave energy for the ultrasonic energy that ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is launched
Amount, and ice sheet and subglacial water flow are acted on, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver 4 includes receiving energy converter and connecting with energy converter is received
Ultrasonic wave receive circuit, it is described receive energy converter and be used for the mechanical wave energy that will receive be converted into ultrasonic energy and send
Circuit is received to ultrasonic wave.
As the improvement of technical solution, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver 4 further includes receiving connecing for circuit connection with ultrasonic wave
Signal processing circuit is received, the reception signal processing circuit is used to carry out the ultrasonic signal received processing conditioning and put
Greatly.
As the improvement of technical solution, the data acquisition module 5 include analog-digital converter and with the analog-digital converter
The data storage of connection.
As the improvement of technical solution, it is provided with display screen on the host computer 6, is used for real-time display data acquisition module
The parameter information and calculated result information of the ultrasonic wave of 5 acquisitions.
The present invention also provides carry out subglacial stream stream using above-mentioned subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound
The method of speed measurement, includes the following steps:
(1), 1 ultrasonic transmission device and 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers are sequentially placed in ice face；
(2), using ultrasonic transmission device to ultrasonic wave is emitted under ice face, when emitting ultrasonic wave, ice face can generate ultrasound
Wave table surface wave, ice and water interface generate ultrasonic wave primary reflection, and the bottom generates ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave；
(3), 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers receive the ultrasonic surface wave of ice face generation, ultrasonic wave primary reflection respectively
With ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave；
(4), data acquisition module is acquired and uploads to the ultrasonic reflections signal that ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver receives
To FPGA master control；
(5), the live signal of data collecting module collected is sent to host computer by FPGA master control, and host computer receives FPGA
It is produced when according to ultrasonic wave, time and tide is propagated in subglacial stream after the information that master control is sent because spread speed changes
The raw time difference calculates the flow velocity of subglacial stream.
Wherein, the ultrasonic transmission device includes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the transmitting that connect with ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit
Energy converter, the transmitting transducer are used to convert mechanical wave energy for the ultrasonic energy that ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is launched,
And ice sheet and subglacial water flow are acted on, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver includes receiving energy converter and connecting with reception energy converter super
Acoustic receiver circuit, the mechanical wave energy for receiving energy converter for will receive are converted into ultrasonic energy and are sent to super
Acoustic receiver circuit.
As the improvement of technical solution, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver further includes the reception that circuit connection is received with ultrasonic wave
Signal processing circuit, the reception signal processing circuit are used to carry out the ultrasonic signal received processing conditioning and amplification.
As the improvement of technical solution, the data acquisition module includes analog-digital converter and connects with the analog-digital converter
The data storage connect.
As the improvement of technical solution, display screen, real-time display data collecting module collected are provided on the host computer
Ultrasonic wave parameter information and calculated result information.
The specific embodiment of the invention patent is write according to progressive mode, and each embodiment party is highlighted
The difference of case, similar portion can be with cross-reference.
It is elaborated above in conjunction with embodiment of the attached drawing to the invention patent, but the invention patent is not limited to
Above embodiment can also not depart from the invention patent within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art
It is made a variety of changes under the premise of objective.
Claims (10)
1. subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound characterized by comprising FPGA master control (1) and with FPGA master
Control power-supplying circuit (2), 1 ultrasonic transmission device (3), 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers (4), data acquisition of (1) connection
Module (5) and host computer (6), wherein power-supplying circuit (2) is used to power to FPGA master control (1), ultrasonic transmission device
(3) it is placed in ice face, for emitting ultrasonic wave to subglacial, 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers (4) are respectively placed in ice face and along water flow
The equidistant front and back for being placed in ultrasonic transmission device (3) in direction, for receiving the ultrasonic surface wave of ice face generation, passing through ice
The ultrasonic wave primary reflection of layer and ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave across water flow layer, data acquisition module (5) are used for ultrasound
The ultrasonic reflections signal that wave receiving device (4) receives is acquired and is uploaded to FPGA master control (1), and FPGA master control (1) is used
It is sent to host computer (6) in the live signal for acquiring data acquisition module (5), host computer (6) is for receiving FPGA master control (1)
The information that sends simultaneously generates when in subglacial stream time and tide is propagated because spread speed changes according to ultrasonic wave
The time difference calculates the flow velocity of subglacial stream.
2. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow velocity measuring system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ultrasonic wave
Emitter (3) includes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the transmitting transducer that connect with ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, the transmitting transducing
Device is used to convert mechanical wave energy for the ultrasonic energy that ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit is launched, and acts on ice sheet and subglacial water
Stream, the ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver (4) includes receiving energy converter and receiving circuit with the ultrasonic wave that energy converter is connect is received, described
It receives energy converter and receives circuit for converting ultrasonic energy for the mechanical wave energy received and being sent to ultrasonic wave.
3. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow velocity measuring system described in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the ultrasonic wave
Reception device (4) further includes that the reception signal processing circuit of circuit connection, the reception signal processing circuit are received with ultrasonic wave
For carrying out processing conditioning and amplification to the ultrasonic signal received.
4. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow velocity measuring system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the data are adopted
Collect the data storage that module (5) include analog-digital converter and connect with the analog-digital converter.
5. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow velocity measuring system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the host computer
(6) display screen is provided on, the parameter information and calculated result of the ultrasonic wave for real-time display data acquisition module (5) acquisition
Information.
6. carrying out subglacial river using described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item subglacial stream flow velocity measuring systems based on ultrasound
The method of flow velocity measuring, which comprises the steps of:
(1), 1 ultrasonic transmission device and 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers are sequentially placed in ice face；
(2), using ultrasonic transmission device to ultrasonic wave is emitted under ice face, when emitting ultrasonic wave, ice face can generate ultrasonic wave table
Surface wave, ice and water interface generate ultrasonic wave primary reflection, and the bottom generates ultrasonic wave secondary counter ejected wave；
(3), 2 ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receivers receive the ultrasonic surface wave of ice face generation, ultrasonic wave primary reflection and super respectively
Sound wave secondary counter ejected wave；
(4), data acquisition module is acquired and is uploaded to the ultrasonic reflections signal that ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver receives
FPGA master control；
(5), the live signal of data collecting module collected is sent to host computer by FPGA master control, and host computer receives FPGA master control
It is generated when time and tide is propagated in subglacial stream according to ultrasonic wave after the information sent because spread speed changes
The time difference calculates the flow velocity of subglacial stream.
7. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow-speed measurement method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the ultrasonic wave
Emitter includes ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit and the transmitting transducer that connect with ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, and the transmitting transducer is used
It is converted into mechanical wave energy in the ultrasonic energy for launching ultrasonic wave transmitting circuit, and acts on ice sheet and subglacial water flow,
The ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver includes receiving energy converter and receiving circuit with the ultrasonic wave that energy converter is connect is received, and the reception is changed
Energy device receives circuit for converting ultrasonic energy for the mechanical wave energy received and being sent to ultrasonic wave.
8. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow-speed measurement method described in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the ultrasonic wave
Reception device further includes that the reception signal processing circuit of circuit connection is received with ultrasonic wave, and the reception signal processing circuit is used for
Processing conditioning and amplification are carried out to the ultrasonic signal received.
9. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow-speed measurement method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the data are adopted
Collect the data storage that module includes analog-digital converter and connect with the analog-digital converter.
10. according to subglacial stream based on ultrasound flow-speed measurement method described in claim 6, it is characterised in that: described upper
Display screen, the parameter information and calculated result information of the ultrasonic wave of real-time display data collecting module collected are provided on machine.
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| CN201910865737.2A CN110426531A (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2019-09-12 | Subglacial stream flow velocity measuring system based on ultrasound and measurement method |
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