CN108678761A - A kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load - Google Patents
A kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load Download PDFInfo
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- CN108678761A CN108678761A CN201810446927.6A CN201810446927A CN108678761A CN 108678761 A CN108678761 A CN 108678761A CN 201810446927 A CN201810446927 A CN 201810446927A CN 108678761 A CN108678761 A CN 108678761A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
- E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B25/02—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes of industrial processes; of machinery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load, including true triaxial charging assembly and microwave radiation fracturing component, microwave radiation fracturing component are equipped with two sets, respectively fracturing component in microwave radiation surface fracturing component and microwave radiation hole altogether；True triaxial charging assembly includes fixed loading frame, mobile loading frame, pedestal, track, slide unit and two-freedom movable stand；It is equipped with two groups of Z-direction actuator and two groups of Y-direction actuator on fixed loading frame, one group of X is equipped on mobile loading frame to actuator；Rock sample LOADED CAVITY is located in the middle part of fixed loading frame；Mobile loading frame and slide unit are arranged by sliding block in orbit；Fracturing component is mounted on by two-freedom movable stand on slide unit in microwave radiation surface fracturing component and microwave radiation hole, and slide unit and two-freedom movable stand are driven by servo motor；Micro-wave screening net is equipped on mobile loading frame, it is indoor that experimental rig is integrally placed at electromagnetic shielding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering and mining engineering technical fields, more particularly to a kind of rock based on true triaxial load
Stone microwave fracturing experimental rig.
Background technology
Microwave radiation technology breaking technique for rock is a kind of emerging breaking technique for rock of great potential, before machinery knives rock cutting, is led to
It crosses microwave and radiates fracturing rock in advance, reduce the mechanical characteristics such as the uniaxial compression, tension and point load strength of rock, solve machinery
Cutter problem easy to wear when method breaking hard rock, you can improve efficiency of breaking rock, can also reduce broken rock cost.
In constructing tunnel, by shield machine and TBM cutterheads carry out tunneling shield construction in the way of it is more and more extensive, but
Due to the influence of boulder, often there is serious tool wear, tool apron deformation and replace difficult situation, cutterhead abrasion can lead to knife
Disk strength and stiffness reduce, cutterhead discontinuity can cause base bearing impaired or main shaft seals are destroyed, cutterhead blocks and
The drawbacks such as shield load increasing.
For example, in 2004, No. three line engineerings of Guangzhou Underground encounter granite boulder group in day China section, under normal circumstances
Hundreds of meters of shield machine just changes a cutter, and in this section, shield machine, which often advances more than ten meters, just needs to change cutter, some places
Huge boulder block head-on keep off in front of tunnel, make shield machine that can not pass through at all, which once once stopped work, engineering without
Method promotes, and is known as " global problem " by subway circle.In 2006, No. three line engineerings of Guangzhou Underground were near five mountain of the Milky Way
Under once encounter boulder group, cause a talent to promote 7cm, cause half a year of stopping work, just solved using a variety of blasting techniques afterwards.2009
Year, No. three line engineerings of Guangzhou Underground prolong section in north and encounter boulder group, due to too close apart from inpatient department of Nanfang Hospital building, cannot adopt
Blasting method is taken, hand digging can only be carried out, one day construction volume of script shield machine causes half a year just to be completed.In 2016, extensively
Subway No. six line engineerings in state are as high as more than 200 times in the number of Su Yuan to the tool changing that between Luogang District, opens a position.
When excavating hard rock tunnel using TBM cutterheads, it is often subject to the influence of cutterhead serious wear, leads to tool changing quite frequency
Numerous, this greatly improves maintenance cost, has also seriously affected construction speed.
According to incompletely statistics, cutter consumption costs accounts for about the 30%~40% of project cost, and cutter safeguards replacing construction
Also account for about the 30%~40% of project duration.
For example, No. 2 line engineerings of Qingdao region during shield-tunneling construction, meet with high rigidity granite, lead to tool wear
It is larger, 3~5 are just needed replacing daily cutter, and only the cost of charp tool is just in 8000 yuan/meter or so.It helps the engineering Qinling Mountains, Weihe drawing the Chinese
During tunnel shield-tunneling construction, hard quartz-like rock and granite are encountered, in amounting to 2000m driving distances, is amounted in replacing
38, heart knife, 1668, hilted broadsword, consumption hilted broadsword cutter ring 858 so that construction cost dramatically increases, and has seriously affected construction
Progress.
Since the design of TBM cutterheads has close relationship, rock point load intensity, list with rock property and geological conditions
Axis compressive strength and tensile strength are to influence the important parameter in cutterhead service life and pile penetration, and the reduction of rock strength then can be one
Determine the service life of raising cutterhead and pile penetration in degree, the intensity of rock can be significantly reduced just by microwave radiation.
It since many tunnelling works belong to deep rock mass engineering project, is acted on by crustal stress, deep engineering rock mass
Often be in three-dimensional high-stress state under, due to the microwave Fracturing effect of rock under different stress be it is different,
So just need the microwave fracturing effect of research rock under different stress.
Therefore, microwave radiation is to the fracturing effect of rock, research and development when being rotated for more preferable simulation shield machine and TBM cutterheads
A kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig and method based on true triaxial load are very necessary.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of rock microwave fracturing experiment loaded based on true triaxial
Device is not only able to the rotation status of simulation shield machine and TBM cutterheads, while carrying out table to the rock sample under true triaxial load
Face microwave radiation fracturing, the rock sample under can also being loaded in the stationary state to true triaxial carry out microwave radiation fracturing in hole,
And then obtain the microwave Fracturing effect of rock sample under different stress.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of rock microwave based on true triaxial load
Fracturing experimental rig, including true triaxial charging assembly and microwave radiation fracturing component；The true triaxial charging assembly includes fixing
Formula loading frame, mobile loading frame, pedestal, track, slide unit and two-freedom movable stand；The fixed loading frame is adopted
Central space with hollow structure, fixed loading frame is rock sample LOADED CAVITY；The rock sample LOADED CAVITY just
The first Z-direction actuator is provided on the fixed loading frame of top, the fixed load immediately below rock sample LOADED CAVITY
It is provided with the second Z-direction actuator on frame, the first Y-direction is provided on the fixed loading frame on the left of rock sample LOADED CAVITY
Actuator is provided with the second Y-direction actuator on the fixed loading frame on the right side of rock sample LOADED CAVITY；The pedestal is divided into
Front end pedestal and rear end pedestal, front end pedestal are located on the ground in front of rock sample LOADED CAVITY, and rear end pedestal is located at rock examination
On the ground at sample LOADED CAVITY rear；The track passes through the rock sample LOADED CAVITY of fixed loading frame, and track and front end
Pedestal, fixed loading frame and rear end pedestal are solidly installed simultaneously；The slide unit is arranged by sliding block to be added in rock sample
It carries on the track in front of chamber, X is installed on the front end pedestal to servo motor, X is fixed with to screw in slide unit lower surface,
X is coated with into screw to leading screw in X, X is parallel with track to leading screw, and the X is to motor shaft and the X of servo motor to leading screw
End is fixedly connected with；The microwave radiation fracturing component is mounted on by two-freedom movable stand on slide unit；The mobile load
Frame is arranged in orbit by sliding block, and mobile loading frame includes front support plate, rear end support plate and horizontally-supported column,
Front support plate is fixedly connected with rear end support plate by horizontally-supported column, and microwave fracturing hole is offered on front support plate, and
The aperture size in microwave fracturing hole is less than the loading surface size of rock sample；It holds in the rear in support plate and is provided with X to start
Device；The first Z-direction actuator, the second Z-direction actuator, the first Y-direction actuator, the second Y-direction actuator and X are to actuator configurations
It is identical, and it is each equipped with load cell and displacement sensor, load value and shift value for measuring actuator.
Radiating surface micro-wave screening net is installed in the front of the front support plate of the mobile loading frame, in front end branch
The back side of fagging is equipped with loading surface micro-wave screening net, and being provided with microwave radiation fracturing component on the net in radiating surface micro-wave screening wears
Hole is filled, actuator rigid pressure head mounting hole is provided on the net in loading surface micro-wave screening；The rock based on true triaxial load
Stone microwave fracturing experimental rig is electromagnetically shielded interior between being integrally provided in one, console is located at electromagnetic shielding outdoor.
The two-freedom movable stand includes fixed seat, Y-direction leading screw, Y-direction guide rod, Y-direction screw, Y-direction servo motor, movement
Seat, Z-direction leading screw, Z-direction guide rod, Z-direction screw and Z-direction servo motor；The fixed seat is packed in slide unit upper surface, the Y-direction silk
Thick stick and Y-direction guide rod is parallel is packed in fixed seat, Y-direction leading screw and Y-direction guide rod are horizontally disposed and perpendicular with track；The Y-direction
Servo motor is packed in fixed seat, and the end of the motor shaft and Y-direction leading screw of Y-direction servo motor is fixedly connected with；The Y-direction screw peace
On Y-direction leading screw, the Mobile base is packed on Y-direction screw, is set with Y-direction guide pad on the Y-direction guide rod, Y-direction is led
It is fixedly connected with to block and Mobile base；The Z-direction leading screw and Z-direction guide rod is parallel is packed on Mobile base, and Z-direction leading screw and Z-direction guide rod
It is vertically arranged and perpendicular with track；The Z-direction servo motor is packed on Mobile base, the motor shaft and Z-direction of Z-direction servo motor
The end of leading screw is fixedly connected with；The Z-direction screw is mounted on Z-direction leading screw, and Z-direction guide pad, Z are set on the Z-direction guide rod
It is fixedly connected with to guide pad and Z-direction screw, microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base is fixed on Z-direction screw.
The microwave radiation fracturing component is equipped with two sets, and a set of is microwave radiation surface fracturing component, and another set of is microwave
Fracturing component in radiating aperture；The microwave radiation surface fracturing component is adaptive including the first microwave generator, the first microwave power
Regulator control system, rectangular waveguide and rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator, the first microwave generator is answered to pass sequentially through first
The adaptive regulator control system of microwave power and rectangular waveguide are connected with rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator, pass through rock table
Face fracturing microwave focusing radiator carries out surface fracturing to rock sample, and the adaptive regulator control system of the first microwave power is used for the
The microwave power of one microwave generator output carries out impedance real-time matching；Fracturing component includes second micro- in the microwave radiation hole
Fracturing microwave coaxial heater in wave producer, the adaptive regulator control system of the second microwave power, coaxial transmission line and rock pore, the
Two microwave generators pass sequentially through the adaptive regulator control system of the second microwave power and coaxial transmission line and fracturing microwave in rock pore
Coaxial heater is connected, and fracturing in hole, the second microwave are carried out to rock sample by fracturing microwave coaxial heater in rock pore
The microwave power that power adaptive regulator control system is used to export the second microwave generator carries out impedance real-time matching.
First microwave generator is identical as the second microwave generator structure, include continuous wave magnetron, permanent magnet,
Waveguide excitation cavity, coaxial annular device, coaxial matched load, coaxial coupling transformer, waveguide coaxial converter and output waveguide；Institute
It states permanent magnet and uses cirque structure, permanent magnet is fixedly set in outside continuous wave magnetron, for being carried for continuous wave magnetron
For magnetic field；The continuous wave magnetron is connected by conducting wire with power supply, and the Microwave emission head of continuous wave magnetron swashs positioned at waveguide
Intracavitary is encouraged, direct current energy is converted to by microwave energy by continuous wave magnetron, the microwave energy that continuous wave magnetron generates passes through micro-
Wave emitting head enters waveguide excitation intracavitary, and forms leading mould in waveguide excitation intracavitary；It is provided with three on the coaxial annular device
A port, respectively first port, second port and third port；The waveguide excitation cavity is by coaxial coupling transformer and together
The first port of axis circulator is connected, and the microwave energy that the continuous wave magnetron generates passes sequentially through waveguide excitation cavity and coaxial
Coupling transformer enters in coaxial annular device；The second end that the output waveguide passes through waveguide coaxial converter and coaxial annular device
Mouth is connected, and the microwave energy in coaxial annular device is entered by waveguide coaxial converter in output waveguide, and microwave energy is by same
Axis output mode is converted into waveguide mode；The output waveguide is the microwave delivery outlet of microwave generator；The coaxial matching is negative
The third port for being connected to coaxial annular device is carried, coaxial matched load is used to absorb the microwave reflection work(of coaxial annular device isolation
Rate, for protecting coaxial annular device and continuous wave magnetron.
Fracturing microwave coaxial heater includes microwave transmission inner wire, microwave transmission outer conductor, microwave in the rock pore
Input adapter, microwave short circuit capping and conductor support cylinder；The microwave transmission inner wire is solid cylinder structure or open circles
Column structure, the microwave transmission outer conductor are cylinder barrel shaped structure, and microwave transmission outer conductor coaxial package is in microwave transmission
On the outside of conductor, microwave transmission inner wire and microwave transmission outer conductor in coaxial package state be packed in microwave input adapter with
Between microwave short circuit capping；The microwave transmission inner wire, microwave transmission outer conductor, microwave input adapter and microwave short circuit capping
Between form circumferential space, be filled by conductor support cylinder in circumferential space, by the maintenance microwave transmission of conductor support cylinder
Coaxial state between conductor and microwave transmission outer conductor；Several microwaves are offered on the barrel of the microwave transmission outer conductor
Radiation port is filled with anti-breakdown medium block by the outside microwave radiation energy of microwave radiation mouth in microwave radiation mouth.
The conductor support cylinder and anti-breakdown medium block are all made of electromagnetic wave transparent material and are made；It is the microwave transmission inner wire, micro-
Wave transmission outer conductor, microwave input adapter and microwave short circuit capping are all made of conductive metallic material and are made；The microwave radiation mouth
Arc strip seam length for arc strip gap-like, microwave radiation mouth is equal to the 2/3 of microwave transmission outer conductor circumferential length；It is described to prevent hitting
It is identical with the shape and size of microwave radiation mouth to wear medium block, several microwave radiation mouths are in microwave transmission outer conductor axial direction side
Upward equidistantly distributed, and adjacent microwave radiation mouth toward each other on the contrary, the spacing between adjacent microwave radiation mouth isWherein, εrFor the relative dielectric constant of electromagnetic wave transparent material；Adjacent microwave radiation mouth is covered with the microwave short circuit, with
Spacing between microwave short circuit capping is 1/2 λp, whereinIn formula, λpFor phase wavelength, λ is microwave wavelength, εrIt is saturating
The relative dielectric constant of wave material.
The adaptive regulator control system of first microwave power includes the first impedance matching adjuster, the control of the first microwave power
Device and the first temperature sensor；Described first impedance matching adjuster one end is used to access the micro- of the first microwave generator output
Wave, and the incident power of microwave is recorded in the first impedance matching adjuster；The first impedance matching adjuster other end is used
In output microwave, the microwave of the first impedance matching adjuster output is transmitted to rock surface fracturing microwave by rectangular waveguide and gathers
Burnt radiator, then the surface of rock sample is caused by the microwave that rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator gives off
It splits；When the microwave of rock sample reflection passes sequentially through rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator and rectangular waveguide is back to the
After one impedance matching adjuster, the reflection power of microwave, the first microwave work(are recorded by the first impedance matching adjuster
Rate controller is used to receive the microwave incident power and reflection power of the first impedance matching regulator feedback；First temperature passes
For sensor for acquiring temperature data of the rock sample in microwave fracturing, which is fed directly to the first microwave power control
Device processed, is preset with the reflectance data of rock sample in the first microwave power controller, and the first microwave power controller is first
First using the microwave incident power of the first impedance matching regulator feedback and reflection power as foundation, then pass through temperature data and reflection
Coefficient data calculates the microwave power data for meeting impedance matching, and the first microwave power controller will finally meet impedance matching
Microwave power data feedback to the first impedance matching adjuster in, eventually by the first impedance matching adjuster by the first microwave
The microwave power of generator output carries out impedance real-time matching.
The adaptive regulator control system of second microwave power includes the second impedance matching adjuster, the control of the second microwave power
Device and second temperature sensor；Described second impedance matching adjuster one end is used to access the output of the second microwave power controller
Microwave, and the incident power of microwave is recorded in the second impedance matching adjuster；The second impedance matching adjuster other end
For exporting microwave, the microwave of the second impedance matching adjuster output is transmitted to fracturing microwave in rock pore by coaxial transmission line
Coaxial heater, then the petrosal foramen of rock sample is caused by the microwave that fracturing microwave coaxial heater gives off in rock pore
It splits；It is back to the when the microwave of rock sample reflection passes sequentially through fracturing microwave coaxial heater and coaxial transmission line in rock pore
After two impedance matching adjusters, the reflection power of microwave, the second microwave work(are recorded by the second impedance matching adjuster
Rate controller is used to receive the microwave incident power and reflection power of the second impedance matching regulator feedback；The second temperature passes
For sensor for acquiring temperature data of the rock sample in microwave fracturing, which is fed directly to the second microwave power control
Device processed, is preset with the reflectance data of rock sample in the second microwave power controller, and the second microwave power controller is first
First using the microwave incident power of the second impedance matching regulator feedback and reflection power as foundation, then pass through temperature data and reflection
Coefficient data calculates the microwave power data for meeting impedance matching, and the second microwave power controller will finally meet impedance matching
Microwave power data feedback to the second impedance matching adjuster in, eventually by the second impedance matching adjuster by the second microwave
The microwave power of generator output carries out impedance real-time matching.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load of the present invention, is not only able to simulation shield machine and TBM
The rotation status of cutterhead, while Surface microwave is carried out to the rock sample under true triaxial load and radiates fracturing, it can also be in fixing shape
Rock sample under being loaded to true triaxial under state carries out microwave radiation fracturing in hole, and then obtains rock under different stress and try
The microwave Fracturing effect of sample.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load of the present invention (is equipped with microwave radiation
Surface fracturing component and gauze screen is not shown) stereogram；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load of the present invention (is equipped with microwave radiation
Surface fracturing component) front view；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load of the present invention (is equipped with microwave radiation
In hole fracturing component and gauze screen is not shown) stereogram；
Fig. 4 is that a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load of the present invention (is equipped with microwave radiation
Fracturing component in hole) front view；
Fig. 5 is the stereogram of two-freedom movable stand；
Fig. 6 is the front view of two-freedom movable stand；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the microwave generator of the first microwave generator/second；
Fig. 8 is the work flow diagram of the microwave generator of the first microwave generator/second；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of fracturing microwave coaxial heater in rock pore；
Figure 10 is A-A sectional views in Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is B-B sectional views in Fig. 9；
Figure 12 is the structure diagram of the adaptive regulator control system of the first microwave power；
Figure 13 is the structure diagram of the adaptive regulator control system of the second microwave power；
In figure, 1-fixed loading frame, 2-mobile loading frames, 3-pedestals, 4-tracks, 5-slide units, 6-
First Z-direction actuator, the 7-the second Z-direction actuator, the 8-the first Y-direction actuator, 9-X to servo motor, 10-X to leading screw,
11-rock samples, 12-X are to actuator, 13-fixed seats, 14-Y-direction leading screws, 15-Y-direction guide rods, 16-Y-direction screws,
17-Y-direction servo motors, 18-Mobile bases, 19-Z-direction leading screws, 20-Z-direction guide rods, 21-Z-direction screws, 22-Z-direction servo electricity
Machine, 23-Y-direction guide pads, 24-Z-direction guide pads, 25-microwave radiation fracturing component mounting bases, the 26-the first microwave generator,
The adaptive regulator control system of 27-the first microwave power, 28-rectangular waveguides, 29-rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiators,
30-the second microwave generator, the adaptive regulator control system of the 31-the second microwave power, 32-coaxial transmission lines, in 33-rock pores
Fracturing microwave coaxial heater, 34-continuous wave magnetrons, 35-permanent magnets, 36-waveguide excitation cavities, 37-coaxial annular devices,
38-coaxial matched loads, 39-coaxial coupling transformers, 40-waveguide coaxial converters, 41-output waveguides, 42-microwaves
Transmit inner wire, 43-microwave transmission outer conductors, 44-microwave input adapters, 45-microwave short circuits capping, 46-conductor supports
Cylinder, 47-microwave radiation mouths, 48-anti-breakdown medium blocks, 49-radiating surface micro-wave screening nets, 50-loading surface micro-wave screening nets.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figs. 1-13, a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load, including true triaxial load
Component and microwave radiation fracturing component；The true triaxial charging assembly include fixed loading frame 1, mobile loading frame 2,
Pedestal 3, track 4, slide unit 5 and two-freedom movable stand；The fixed loading frame 1 uses hollow structure, fixed to add
The central space for carrying frame 1 is rock sample LOADED CAVITY；Fixed loading frame 1 right over the rock sample LOADED CAVITY
On be provided with the first Z-direction actuator 6, be provided with the second Z-direction on the fixed loading frame 1 immediately below rock sample LOADED CAVITY
Actuator 7 is provided with the first Y-direction actuator 8 on the fixed loading frame 1 on the left of rock sample LOADED CAVITY, is tried in rock
The second Y-direction actuator is provided on fixed loading frame 1 on the right side of sample LOADED CAVITY；The pedestal 3 divides for front end pedestal with after
Pedestal, front end pedestal is held to be located on the ground in front of rock sample LOADED CAVITY, rear end pedestal is located at rock sample LOADED CAVITY rear
Ground on；The track 4 passes through the rock sample LOADED CAVITY of fixed loading frame 1, and track 4 and front end pedestal, fixation
Formula loading frame 1 and rear end pedestal are solidly installed simultaneously；The slide unit 5 is arranged by sliding block in front of rock sample LOADED CAVITY
Track 4 on, X is installed on the front end pedestal to servo motor 9, X is fixed with to screw in 5 lower surface of slide unit, X to
X is coated in screw to leading screw 10, X is parallel with track 4 to leading screw 10, and the X is to motor shaft and the X of servo motor 9 to silk
10 end of thick stick is fixedly connected with；The microwave radiation fracturing component is mounted on by two-freedom movable stand on slide unit 5；The movable type
Loading frame 2 is arranged by sliding block on track 4, and mobile loading frame 2 includes front support plate, rear end support plate and level
Support column, front support plate are fixedly connected with rear end support plate by horizontally-supported column, and microwave cause is offered on front support plate
Ceasma, and the aperture size in microwave fracturing hole is less than the loading surface size of rock sample 11；It holds in support plate and is arranged in the rear
There is X to actuator 12；The first Z-direction actuator 6, the second Z-direction actuator 7, the first Y-direction actuator 8, the second Y-direction actuator
And X is identical to 12 structure of actuator, and it is each equipped with load cell and displacement sensor, the load value for measuring actuator
And shift value.
Radiating surface micro-wave screening net 49 is installed in the front of the front support plate of the mobile loading frame 2, preceding
The back side of end support plate is equipped with loading surface micro-wave screening net 50, and microwave radiation cause is provided on radiating surface micro-wave screening net 49
Component mounting hole is split, actuator rigid pressure head mounting hole is provided on loading surface micro-wave screening net 50；It is described based on true three
The rock microwave fracturing experimental rig of axis load is electromagnetically shielded interior between being integrally provided in one, it is outdoor that console is located at electromagnetic shielding
Portion.
The two-freedom movable stand includes fixed seat 13, Y-direction leading screw 14, Y-direction guide rod 15, Y-direction screw 16, Y-direction servo
Motor 17, Mobile base 18, Z-direction leading screw 19, Z-direction guide rod 20, Z-direction screw 21 and Z-direction servo motor 22；The fixed seat 13 is fixedly mounted with
In 5 upper surface of slide unit, the Y-direction leading screw 14 and Y-direction guide rod 15 is parallel is packed in fixed seat 13, Y-direction leading screw 14 and Y-direction guide rod
15 is horizontally disposed and perpendicular with track 4；The Y-direction servo motor 17 is packed in fixed seat 13, the electricity of Y-direction servo motor 17
The end of arbor and Y-direction leading screw 14 is fixedly connected with；The Y-direction screw 16 is mounted on Y-direction leading screw 14, and the Mobile base 18 is packed in
On Y-direction screw 16, Y-direction guide pad 23 is set on the Y-direction guide rod 15, Y-direction guide pad 23 is fixedly connected with Mobile base 18；Institute
State Z-direction leading screw 19 and Z-direction guide rod 20 be parallel is packed on Mobile base 18, and Z-direction leading screw 19 and Z-direction guide rod 20 be vertically arranged and with
Track 4 is perpendicular；The Z-direction servo motor 22 is packed on Mobile base 18, motor shaft and the Z-direction leading screw of Z-direction servo motor 22
19 end is fixedly connected with；The Z-direction screw 21 is mounted on Z-direction leading screw 19, and Z-direction guiding is set on the Z-direction guide rod 20
Block 24, Z-direction guide pad 24 are fixedly connected with Z-direction screw 21, and microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base is fixed on Z-direction screw 21
25。
The microwave radiation fracturing component is equipped with two sets, and a set of is microwave radiation surface fracturing component, and another set of is microwave
Fracturing component in radiating aperture；The microwave radiation surface fracturing component include the first microwave generator 26, the first microwave power from
Adapt to regulator control system 27, rectangular waveguide 28 and rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator 29, the first microwave generator 26 according to
It is secondary by the adaptive regulator control system 27 of the first microwave power and rectangular waveguide 28 and rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator
29 are connected, and surface fracturing, the first microwave power are carried out to rock sample 11 by rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator 29
The microwave power that adaptive regulator control system 27 is used to export the first microwave generator 26 carries out impedance real-time matching；The microwave
Fracturing component includes the second microwave generator 30, the adaptive regulator control system 31 of the second microwave power, coaxial transmission line in radiating aperture
32 and rock pore in fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33, the second microwave generator 30 passes sequentially through the second microwave power and adaptively adjusts
Control system 31 and coaxial transmission line 32 are connected with fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33 in rock pore, pass through fracturing microwave in rock pore
Coaxial heater 33 carries out fracturing in hole to rock sample 11, and the adaptive regulator control system 31 of the second microwave power is used for micro- by second
The microwave power that wave producer 30 exports carries out impedance real-time matching.
First microwave generator 26 is identical as 30 structure of the second microwave generator, include continuous wave magnetron 34,
Permanent magnet 35, waveguide excitation cavity 36, coaxial annular device 37, coaxial matched load 38, coaxial coupling transformer 39, Waveguide coaxial turn
Parallel operation 40 and output waveguide 41；The permanent magnet 35 uses cirque structure, permanent magnet 35 to be fixedly set in continuous wave magnetron
Outside 34, for providing magnetic field for continuous wave magnetron 34；The continuous wave magnetron 34 is connected by conducting wire with power supply, continuously
The Microwave emission head of wave magnetron 34 is located in waveguide excitation cavity 36, is converted to direct current energy by continuous wave magnetron 34 micro-
Wave energy, the microwave energy that continuous wave magnetron 34 generates are entered by Microwave emission head in waveguide excitation cavity 36, and in waveguide excitation
Leading mould is formed in chamber 36；Setting is there are three port on the coaxial annular device 37, respectively first port, second port and the
Three ports；The waveguide excitation cavity 36 is connected by coaxial coupling transformer 39 with the first port of coaxial annular device 37, institute
The microwave energy for stating the generation of continuous wave magnetron 34 passes sequentially through waveguide excitation cavity 36 and coaxial coupling transformer 39 enters coaxial rings
In shape device 37；The output waveguide 41 is connected by waveguide coaxial converter 40 with the second port of coaxial annular device 37, together
Microwave energy in axis circulator 37 is entered by waveguide coaxial converter 40 in output waveguide 41, and microwave energy is by coaxially exporting
Pattern is converted into waveguide mode；The output waveguide 41 is the microwave delivery outlet of microwave generator；The coaxial matched load 38
It is connected to the third port of coaxial annular device 37, coaxial matched load 38 is used to absorb the microwave reflection of the isolation of coaxial annular device 37
Power, for protecting coaxial annular device 37 and continuous wave magnetron 34.
Fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33 includes microwave transmission inner wire 42, microwave transmission outer conductor in the rock pore
43, microwave input adapter 44, microwave short circuit capping 45 and conductor support cylinder 46；The microwave transmission inner wire 42 is solid cylinder
Body structure or hollow cylindrical structure, the microwave transmission outer conductor 43 are cylinder barrel shaped structure, and microwave transmission outer conductor 43 is same
Axle sleeve is led mounted in 42 outside of microwave transmission inner wire outside the microwave transmission inner wire 42 of coaxial package state and microwave transmission
Body 43 is packed between microwave input adapter 44 and microwave short circuit capping 45；Outside the microwave transmission inner wire 42, microwave transmission
Circumferential space is formed between conductor 43, microwave input adapter 44 and microwave short circuit capping 45, by conductor support cylinder in circumferential space
46 are filled, and the coaxial between microwave transmission inner wire 42 and microwave transmission outer conductor 43 is maintained by conductor support cylinder 46
State；Several microwave radiation mouths 47 are offered on the barrel of the microwave transmission outer conductor 43, it is outside by microwave radiation mouth 47
Microwave radiation energy is filled with anti-breakdown medium block 48 in microwave radiation mouth 47.
The conductor support cylinder 46 and anti-breakdown medium block 48 are all made of electromagnetic wave transparent material and are made, in the present embodiment, wave transparent material
Material selects polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)；The microwave transmission inner wire 42, microwave transmission outer conductor 43, microwave input adapter 44 and microwave are short
Road capping 45 is all made of conductive metallic material and is made, and in the present embodiment, conductive metallic material selects copper；The microwave radiation mouth 47
Arc strip seam length for arc strip gap-like, microwave radiation mouth 47 is equal to the 2/3 of 43 circumferential length of microwave transmission outer conductor, due to
The presence of the microwave radiation mouth 47 of arc strip gap-like, cut the current line of 43 inner wall of microwave transmission outer conductor, and then make micro-
Amplitude loophole 47 is activated and outside microwave radiation energy；The shape of the anti-breakdown medium block 48 and microwave radiation mouth 47 and
Size is identical, the equidistantly distributed on 43 axial direction of microwave transmission outer conductor of several microwave radiation mouths 47, and adjacent
Microwave radiation mouth 47 toward each other on the contrary, the spacing between adjacent microwave radiation mouth 47 isWherein, εrFor wave transparent material
The relative dielectric constant of material；Due to being filled with by electromagnetic wave transparent material between microwave transmission inner wire 42 and microwave transmission outer conductor 43
Manufactured conductor support cylinder 46, can make the spacing between adjacent microwave radiation mouth 47 be onlyAnd in the micro- of limited length
Wave transmits on outer conductor 43, effectively increases the quantity of microwave radiation mouth 47, can not only ensure the homogeneous heating of microwave radiation
Property, the power capacity of heater is also greatly improved；45 adjacent microwave radiation mouths 47 are covered with the microwave short circuit, with
Spacing between microwave short circuit capping 45 is 1/2 λp, whereinIn formula, λpFor phase wavelength, λ is microwave wavelength, εr
For the relative dielectric constant of electromagnetic wave transparent material.Thus, ensure that the location of each microwave radiation mouth 47 is microwave
Wave crest ensure that each microwave radiation mouth 47 can obtain maximum excitation.
The adaptive regulator control system 27 of first microwave power includes the first impedance matching adjuster, the first microwave power control
Device processed and the first temperature sensor；Described first impedance matching adjuster one end is used to access the output of the first microwave generator 26
Microwave, and the incident power of microwave is recorded in the first impedance matching adjuster；The first impedance matching adjuster other end
For exporting microwave, it is micro- that the microwave of the first impedance matching adjuster output by rectangular waveguide 28 is transmitted to rock surface fracturing
Wave focusing radiator 29, then the microwave that is given off by rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator 29 is to the table of rock sample 11
Face carries out fracturing；When the microwave that rock sample 11 reflects passes sequentially through rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator 29 and rectangular wave
After conduit 28 is back to the first impedance matching adjuster, the reflection power of microwave is recorded by the first impedance matching adjuster,
The first microwave power controller is used to receive the microwave incident power and reflection power of the first impedance matching regulator feedback；
For acquiring temperature data of the rock sample 11 in microwave fracturing, which directly feeds back first temperature sensor
To the first microwave power controller, the reflectance data of rock sample 11 is preset in the first microwave power controller, the
One microwave power controller first using the microwave incident power of the first impedance matching regulator feedback and reflection power as foundation, then
The microwave power data for meeting impedance matching, the first microwave power controller are calculated by temperature data and reflectance data
To finally it meet in the microwave power data feedback to the first impedance matching adjuster of impedance matching, eventually by the first impedance
Impedance real-time matching is carried out with the microwave power that adjuster exports the first microwave generator 26.
The adaptive regulator control system 31 of second microwave power includes the second impedance matching adjuster, the second microwave power control
Device processed and second temperature sensor；Described second impedance matching adjuster one end is for accessing the output of the second microwave power controller
Microwave, and the incident power of microwave is recorded in the second impedance matching adjuster；The second impedance matching adjuster is another
End is transmitted to fracturing in rock pore for exporting microwave, the microwave of the second impedance matching adjuster output by coaxial transmission line 32
Microwave coaxial heater 33, then by fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33 gives off in rock pore microwave to rock sample 11
Petrosal foramen carries out fracturing；When the microwave that rock sample 11 reflects passes sequentially through in rock pore fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33 and coaxial
After transmission line 32 is back to the second impedance matching adjuster, the reflection work(of microwave is recorded by the second impedance matching adjuster
Rate, the second microwave power controller are used to receive the microwave incident power and reflection work(of the second impedance matching regulator feedback
Rate；For the second temperature sensor for acquiring temperature data of the rock sample 11 in microwave fracturing, the temperature data is direct
The second microwave power controller is fed back to, the reflectance factor number of rock sample 11 is preset in the second microwave power controller
According to, the second microwave power controller first with the microwave incident power of the second impedance matching regulator feedback and reflection power be according to
According to, then the microwave power data for meeting impedance matching, the second microwave power are calculated by temperature data and reflectance data
Controller will finally meet in the microwave power data feedback to the second impedance matching adjuster of impedance matching, eventually by second
The microwave power that impedance matching adjuster exports the second microwave generator 30 carries out impedance real-time matching.
Illustrate the first use process of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
In the present embodiment, rock sample 11 is the cube of length of side 500mm, the first Z-direction actuator 6, the second Z-direction actuator
7, the first Y-direction actuator 8, the second Y-direction actuator and X are 5000kN to the maximum load load of actuator 12, and X is to, Y-direction
And Z-direction can be used as maximum principal stress, and σ may be implemented1=σ2=σ3、σ1=σ2≠σ3、σ1≠σ2=σ3、σ1=σ3≠σ2And σ1
≠σ2≠σ3Stress state, wherein σ1It is X to principal stress, σ2For Y-direction principal stress, σ3For Z-direction principal stress.
By taking true triaxial loads down to the progress Surface microwave radiation fracturing of rock sample 11 as an example, first by microwave radiation surface
Fracturing component is installed in the microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base 25 of two-freedom movable stand, then tries the rock prepared
11 clamping of sample carries out load on to rock sample 11 in place, according to pre-set load parameter, to simulate accordingly
Ambient stress.Before experiment, go through whether a gauze screen is accurately installed in place, it is ensured that without microwave leakage when experiment, to protect
Confirmatory test result is interference-free, and last experimenter all exits electromagnetic shielding chamber.
Start to test, controls the action of two-freedom movable stand first, pass through Y-direction servo motor 17 and Z-direction servo motor 22
Linkage, makes microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base 25 be moved in YZ planes, and the fortune of microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base 25
Dynamic rail mark simulates motion track when shield machine and TBM cutterheads rotate, and then starts the of microwave radiation surface fracturing component
The microwave of one microwave generator 26, the output of the first microwave generator 26 passes sequentially through the adaptive regulator control system of the first microwave power 27
And rectangular waveguide 28 enters rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator 29, and spoke is focused eventually by rock surface fracturing microwave
Microwave energy to the surface of rock sample 11 is realized to the surface fracturing of rock sample 11, is recorded simultaneously by emitter 29
The deformation data of rock sample 11.
It is loaded down by true triaxial and rock sample 11 is carried out in hole for microwave radiation fracturing, it first will be in microwave radiation hole
Fracturing component is installed in the microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base 25 of two-freedom movable stand, then tries the rock prepared
11 clamping of sample in place, in advance processes petrosal foramen on rock sample 11, then is acted to servo motor 9 by X, by microwave spoke
Fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33 accurately stretches into petrosal foramen in the rock pore of fracturing component in perforation, finally according to pre-set
Load parameter to rock sample 11 carry out load on, to simulate corresponding ground stress environment.Before experiment, go through one time
Whether gauze screen is accurately installed in place, it is ensured that and it is interference-free with guarantee test result without microwave leakage when experiment, finally test people
Member all exits electromagnetic shielding chamber.
Start to test, starts the second microwave generator 30 of fracturing component in microwave radiation hole, the second microwave generator 30
The microwave of output passes sequentially through the adaptive regulator control system 31 of the second microwave power and coaxial transmission line 32 enters fracturing in rock pore
Microwave coaxial heater 33, eventually by fracturing microwave coaxial heater 33 in rock pore by microwave energy to rock sample
11 petrosal foramen inner surface is realized to fracturing in the hole of rock sample 11, while recording the deformation data of rock sample 11.
Scheme in embodiment be not to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, it is all without departing from carried out by the present invention etc.
Effect implements or change, is both contained in the scope of the claims of this case.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load, it is characterised in that：Including true triaxial charging assembly
With microwave radiation fracturing component；The true triaxial charging assembly include fixed loading frame, mobile loading frame, pedestal,
Track, slide unit and two-freedom movable stand；The fixed loading frame uses hollow structure, in fixed loading frame
Portion space is rock sample LOADED CAVITY；It is provided with first on the fixed loading frame right over the rock sample LOADED CAVITY
Z-direction actuator is provided with the second Z-direction actuator, in rock on the fixed loading frame immediately below rock sample LOADED CAVITY
The first Y-direction actuator, consolidating on the right side of rock sample LOADED CAVITY are provided on fixed loading frame on the left of sample LOADED CAVITY
The second Y-direction actuator is provided on fixed pattern loading frame；The pedestal is divided into front end pedestal and rear end pedestal, and front end pedestal is located at
On ground in front of rock sample LOADED CAVITY, rear end pedestal is located on the ground at rock sample LOADED CAVITY rear；The track is worn
The rock sample LOADED CAVITY of fixed loading frame is crossed, and track and front end pedestal, fixed loading frame and rear end pedestal are same
When be solidly installed；The slide unit is arranged by sliding block on the track in front of rock sample LOADED CAVITY, in the front end pedestal
On X is installed to servo motor, be fixed with X to screw in slide unit lower surface, X be coated with into screw to leading screw in X, X is to silk
Thick stick is parallel with track, and the X is fixedly connected with X to leading screw end to the motor shaft of servo motor；The microwave radiation fracturing group
Part is mounted on by two-freedom movable stand on slide unit；In orbit, movement is arranged by sliding block for the movable type loading frame
Formula loading frame includes front support plate, rear end support plate and horizontally-supported column, and front support plate passes through water with rear end support plate
Flat support column is fixedly connected with, and microwave fracturing hole is offered on front support plate, and the aperture size in microwave fracturing hole is less than rock
The loading surface size of sample；It holds in the rear in support plate and is provided with X to actuator；The first Z-direction actuator, the second Z-direction
Actuator, the first Y-direction actuator, the second Y-direction actuator and X are identical to actuator configurations, and be each equipped with load cell and
Displacement sensor, load value and shift value for measuring actuator.
2. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Radiating surface micro-wave screening net is installed in the front of the front support plate of the mobile loading frame, in the back of the body of front support plate
Face is equipped with loading surface micro-wave screening net, and microwave radiation fracturing component mounting hole is provided on the net in radiating surface micro-wave screening,
Loading surface micro-wave screening is provided with actuator rigid pressure head mounting hole on the net；The rock microwave based on true triaxial load causes
It splits and is electromagnetically shielded interior between experimental rig is integrally provided in one, console is located at electromagnetic shielding outdoor.
3. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The two-freedom movable stand includes fixed seat, Y-direction leading screw, Y-direction guide rod, Y-direction screw, Y-direction servo motor, Mobile base, Z-direction silk
Thick stick, Z-direction guide rod, Z-direction screw and Z-direction servo motor；The fixed seat is packed in slide unit upper surface, and the Y-direction leading screw and Y-direction are led
Bar is parallel to be packed in fixed seat, and Y-direction leading screw and Y-direction guide rod are horizontally disposed and perpendicular with track；The Y-direction servo motor is solid
In fixed seat, the end of the motor shaft and Y-direction leading screw of Y-direction servo motor is fixedly connected with；The Y-direction screw is mounted on Y-direction silk
On thick stick, the Mobile base is packed on Y-direction screw, and Y-direction guide pad, Y-direction guide pad and movement are set on the Y-direction guide rod
Seat is fixedly connected with；The Z-direction leading screw and Z-direction guide rod is parallel is packed on Mobile base, and Z-direction leading screw and Z-direction guide rod be vertically arranged and
It is perpendicular with track；The Z-direction servo motor is packed on Mobile base, the end of the motor shaft and Z-direction leading screw of Z-direction servo motor
It is fixedly connected with；The Z-direction screw is mounted on Z-direction leading screw, and Z-direction guide pad, Z-direction guide pad and Z are set on the Z-direction guide rod
It is fixedly connected with to screw, microwave radiation fracturing component mounting base is fixed on Z-direction screw.
4. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The microwave radiation fracturing component is equipped with two sets, and a set of is microwave radiation surface fracturing component, another set of in microwave radiation hole
Fracturing component；The microwave radiation surface fracturing component adaptively regulates and controls including the first microwave generator, the first microwave power
System, rectangular waveguide and rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator, the first microwave generator pass sequentially through the first microwave power
Adaptive regulator control system and rectangular waveguide are connected with rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator, micro- by rock surface fracturing
Wave focusing radiator carries out surface fracturing to rock sample, and the adaptive regulator control system of the first microwave power is used to send out in the first microwave
The microwave power of raw device output carries out impedance real-time matching；Fracturing component occurs including the second microwave in the microwave radiation hole
Fracturing microwave coaxial heater in device, the adaptive regulator control system of the second microwave power, coaxial transmission line and rock pore, the second microwave
Generator passes sequentially through the adaptive regulator control system of the second microwave power and coaxial transmission line and adds with fracturing microwave coaxial in rock pore
Hot device is connected, and carries out fracturing in hole to rock sample by fracturing microwave coaxial heater in rock pore, the second microwave power is certainly
It adapts to the microwave power that regulator control system is used to export the second microwave generator and carries out impedance real-time matching.
5. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
First microwave generator is identical as the second microwave generator structure, includes continuous wave magnetron, permanent magnet, waveguide excitation
Chamber, coaxial annular device, coaxial matched load, coaxial coupling transformer, waveguide coaxial converter and output waveguide；The permanent magnet
Using cirque structure, permanent magnet is fixedly set in outside continuous wave magnetron, for providing magnetic field for continuous wave magnetron；Institute
It states continuous wave magnetron by conducting wire to be connected with power supply, the Microwave emission head of continuous wave magnetron is located at waveguide excitation intracavitary, leads to
Cross continuous wave magnetron and direct current energy be converted into microwave energy, the microwave energy that continuous wave magnetron generates by Microwave emission head into
Enter waveguide excitation intracavitary, and leading mould is formed in waveguide excitation intracavitary；There are three ports for setting on the coaxial annular device, respectively
For first port, second port and third port；The waveguide excitation cavity passes through coaxial coupling transformer and coaxial annular device
First port is connected, and the microwave energy that the continuous wave magnetron generates passes sequentially through waveguide excitation cavity and coaxial coupling transformer
Into in coaxial annular device；The output waveguide is connected by waveguide coaxial converter with the second port of coaxial annular device,
Microwave energy in coaxial annular device is entered by waveguide coaxial converter in output waveguide, and microwave energy is by coaxial output mode
It is converted into waveguide mode；The output waveguide is the microwave delivery outlet of microwave generator；The coaxial matched load is connected to together
The third port of axis circulator, coaxial matched load is used to absorb the microwave reflection power of coaxial annular device isolation, for protecting
Coaxial annular device and continuous wave magnetron.
6. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
In the rock pore fracturing microwave coaxial heater include microwave transmission inner wire, microwave transmission outer conductor, microwave input adapter,
Microwave short circuit capping and conductor support cylinder；The microwave transmission inner wire be solid cylinder structure or hollow cylindrical structure,
The microwave transmission outer conductor be cylinder barrel shaped structure, microwave transmission outer conductor coaxial package on the outside of microwave transmission inner wire,
Microwave transmission inner wire and microwave transmission outer conductor in coaxial package state are packed in microwave input adapter and microwave short circuit
Between capping；It is formed between the microwave transmission inner wire, microwave transmission outer conductor, microwave input adapter and microwave short circuit capping
Circumferential space is filled by conductor support cylinder in circumferential space, by conductor support cylinder maintain microwave transmission inner wire with it is micro-
Wave transmits the coaxial state between outer conductor；Several microwave radiation mouths are offered on the barrel of the microwave transmission outer conductor,
By the outside microwave radiation energy of microwave radiation mouth, anti-breakdown medium block is filled in microwave radiation mouth.
7. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The conductor support cylinder and anti-breakdown medium block are all made of electromagnetic wave transparent material and are made；Outside the microwave transmission inner wire, microwave transmission
Conductor, microwave input adapter and microwave short circuit capping are all made of conductive metallic material and are made；The microwave radiation mouth is arc strip
The arc strip seam length of gap-like, microwave radiation mouth is equal to the 2/3 of microwave transmission outer conductor circumferential length；The anti-breakdown medium block
Identical with the shape and size of microwave radiation mouth, several microwave radiation mouths are in first-class of microwave transmission outer conductor axial direction
Away from distribution, and adjacent microwave radiation mouth toward each other on the contrary, the spacing between adjacent microwave radiation mouth isWherein,
εrFor the relative dielectric constant of electromagnetic wave transparent material；Adjacent microwave radiation mouth is covered with the microwave short circuit, with microwave short circuit seal
Spacing between lid is 1/2 λp, whereinIn formula, λpFor phase wavelength, λ is microwave wavelength, εrFor the phase of electromagnetic wave transparent material
To dielectric constant.
8. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The adaptive regulator control system of first microwave power includes the first impedance matching adjuster, the first microwave power controller and first
Temperature sensor；Described first impedance matching adjuster one end is used to access the microwave of the first microwave generator output, and microwave
Incident power be recorded in the first impedance matching adjuster；The first impedance matching adjuster other end is micro- for exporting
The microwave of wave, the output of the first impedance matching adjuster is transmitted to rock surface fracturing microwave focused radiation by rectangular waveguide
Device, then the microwave given off by rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator carry out fracturing to the surface of rock sample；Work as rock
The microwave of stone sample reflection passes sequentially through rock surface fracturing microwave focusing radiator and rectangular waveguide is back to the first impedance
After matching adjuster, the reflection power of microwave, the first microwave power control are recorded by the first impedance matching adjuster
Device is used to receive the microwave incident power and reflection power of the first impedance matching regulator feedback；First temperature sensor is used
In acquiring temperature data of the rock sample in microwave fracturing when, which is fed directly to the first microwave power controller,
The reflectance data of rock sample is preset in the first microwave power controller, the first microwave power controller is first with
The microwave incident power and reflection power of one impedance matching regulator feedback are foundation, then pass through temperature data and reflectance factor number
According to the microwave power data for meeting impedance matching are calculated, the first microwave power controller will finally meet the microwave of impedance matching
Power data is fed back in the first impedance matching adjuster, eventually by the first impedance matching adjuster by the first microwave generator
The microwave power of output carries out impedance real-time matching.
9. a kind of rock microwave fracturing experimental rig based on true triaxial load according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The adaptive regulator control system of second microwave power includes the second impedance matching adjuster, the second microwave power controller and second
Temperature sensor；Described second impedance matching adjuster one end is used to access the microwave of the second microwave power controller output, and
The incident power of microwave is recorded in the second impedance matching adjuster；The second impedance matching adjuster other end is for exporting
Microwave, the microwave of the second impedance matching adjuster output are transmitted to fracturing microwave coaxial in rock pore by coaxial transmission line and heat
Device, then fracturing is carried out to the petrosal foramen of rock sample by the microwave that fracturing microwave coaxial heater gives off in rock pore；Work as rock
The microwave of stone sample reflection passes sequentially through fracturing microwave coaxial heater and coaxial transmission line in rock pore and is back to the second impedance
After matching adjuster, the reflection power of microwave, the second microwave power control are recorded by the second impedance matching adjuster
Device is used to receive the microwave incident power and reflection power of the second impedance matching regulator feedback；The second temperature sensor is used
In acquiring temperature data of the rock sample in microwave fracturing when, which is fed directly to the second microwave power controller,
The reflectance data of rock sample is preset in the second microwave power controller, the second microwave power controller is first with
The microwave incident power and reflection power of two impedance matching regulator feedbacks are foundation, then pass through temperature data and reflectance factor number
According to the microwave power data for meeting impedance matching are calculated, the second microwave power controller will finally meet the microwave of impedance matching
Power data is fed back in the second impedance matching adjuster, eventually by the second impedance matching adjuster by the second microwave generator
The microwave power of output carries out impedance real-time matching.
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| CN112781956A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 西南石油大学 | Equipment and method for simulating microwave to crush deep granite |
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