CN108677525A - 一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型抗静电纤维面料的制备方法，以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、乙酰壳聚糖、改性处理液等为原料，并引入海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料，通过超声振荡、浸渍、物理复配等方法制备了一种新型抗静电纤维面料。本发明制备的新型抗静电纤维面料具有较好的抗静电性能，并且面料抗菌性能好，绿色安全，穿着柔软舒适。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纺织材料技术领域，具体涉及一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法。
背景技术
上世纪50年代末，部分发达国家开始了对纺织品静电改性方面的研究，随后20年内多个工业发达国家陆续提出了对纺织及服装抗静电方面的要求和标准。到80年代后期，我国开始对抗静电方面开展了系统的研究，煤矿部、公安部、内贸部、中国纺织总会从1991年先后发出了“关于积极推广使用阻燃、抗静电织物并加强生产经营管理工作的通知”。随着合成纤维的产量迅速剧增，纺织静电问题就日益尖锐起来。在我国北方秋冬季节或空气相对湿度较低的地区，存在的静电问题就特别突出。
涤纶是合成纤维中的一个重要品种，是我国聚酯纤维的商品名称。它是以精对苯二甲酸(PTA)或对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和乙二醇(EG)为原料经酯化或酯交换和缩聚反应而制得的成纤高聚物——聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)，经纺丝和后处理制成的纤维。
涤纶纤维制成的织物具有较高的强度与弹性恢复能力。坚牢耐用，免熨烫，易洗快干，但吸湿性差，穿着有闷热感，易产生静电而吸尘沾污，耐酸碱性、耐光的性能好，不怕霉菌、虫蛀。寻求一种抗静电性能好的涤纶织物非常有必要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型抗静电的涤纶织物及其制备方法，具有非常好的抗静电性能。
一种新型抗静电纤维面料的制备方法，包括以下步骤:
1、将涤纶织物浸渍改性处理液进行初始改性，浸泡10 h，然后在40烘干℃下烘干2h，得到改性涤纶面料，
2、称取38重量份聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、17重量份乙酰壳聚糖、9重量份瓜尔胶于烧杯中，加入80重量份盐酸无水乙醇溶液，磁力搅拌2h，将其置于300W功率、氮气氛围下超声波处理30min，用真空泵过滤，取其滤液，备用；
3、取50~90重量份上述步骤2）中得到的滤液，加入10~50重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料，20重量份去离子水，磁力搅拌2h后得到抗静电处理液，将改性涤纶面料浸渍于上述处理液中，浴比1:25，60℃超声振荡2h，反应结束后取出置于烘箱中，65℃下烘干2h，水洗干燥，得到新型抗静电涤纶面料。
有益效果：本发明提供一种新型抗静电纤维面料的制备方法，通过改性处理液对涤纶改性，然后制备过程中引入海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料，其与乙酰壳聚糖等材料复配使用可提高面料的导电性能，将面料上摩擦产生的电子迅速转移出去，该面料与现有面料相比，抗静电性能更好，且制备工艺简单，过程绿色环保。
具体实施方式
实施例1
（1）将涤纶织物浸渍改性处理液进行初始改性，浸泡10 h，然后在40烘干℃下烘干2h，得到改性涤纶面料，
（2）称取38重量份聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、17重量份乙酰壳聚糖、9重量份瓜尔胶于烧杯中，加入80重量份盐酸无水乙醇溶液，磁力搅拌2h，将其置于300W功率、氮气氛围下超声波处理30min，用真空泵过滤，取其滤液，备用；
（3）取50~90重量份上述步骤（2）中得到的滤液，加入10~50重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料，20重量份去离子水，磁力搅拌2h后得到抗静电处理液，将改性涤纶面料浸渍于上述处理液中，浴比1:25，60℃超声振荡2h，反应结束后取出置于烘箱中，65℃下烘干2h，水洗干燥，得到新型抗静电涤纶面料。
所述的改性处理液制备方法如下：将ZnAl-LDH粉体于70℃条件下烘燥6h，按照1:50重量比加入离子水，搅拌，形成纳米ZnAl-LDH粒子水分散液；并加入甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为10:1，混合后采用超声分散的方式形成含反应性乳化剂的溶液，即改性处理液。
上述海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料制备方法如下：
称取30重量份海泡石、5重量份纳米钡铁氧体、8重量份氯化铬、12重量份多聚偏磷酸钠置于三口烧瓶中，加入95重量份去离子水磁力搅拌4h后升温至120℃，在氮气氛围下保温反应6h，自然冷却，离心，取下层沉淀物分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤2~3次后离心分离，将产物装入内径为1/2英寸、长30cm的蒙乃尔材质管式反应器，通入二氧化碳气体、在320~350℃下焙烧2h，室温下冷却，研磨成160~200目粉末，得到海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例2
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入105重量份滤液，15重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例3
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入100重量份滤液，20重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例4
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入95重量份滤液，25重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例5
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入85重量份滤液，35重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例6
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入80重量份滤液，40重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例7
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入75重量份滤液，45重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例8
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入70重量份滤液，50重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
实施例9
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：加入65重量份滤液，55重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
对比例1
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备抗静电纤维面料时不加入海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
对比例2
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备抗静电纤维面料时用未经处理的海泡石代替海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
对比例3
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料时不加入多聚偏磷酸钠。
对比例4
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料时不进行焙烧处理。
对比例5
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料时不通入二氧化碳。
对比例6
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备该抗静电纤维面料时不加入乙酰壳聚糖。
对比例7
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：制备该抗静电纤维面料时不加入改性处理液。
对比例8
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为1:1。
对比例9
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为1:2。
对比例10
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为1:5。
对比例11
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为1:8。
对比例12
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为1:20。
对比例13
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为2:1。
对比例14
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为5:1。
对比例15
与实施例1完全相同，不同在于：改性处理液制备过程中，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为10:1。
将实施例1~9与对比例1~9制备的抗静电纤维面料依照GB/T24249-2009防静电洁净织物抗静电性能进行检测，结果如下：
抗静电纤维面料性能测试结果
由实施例1~9可以发现，当在实施例1所处于配比环境中，制得的抗静电纤维面料抗静电效果最好，摩擦起电电压仅为23V，而是实施例2~9制备的抗静电纤维面料抗静电性能不是特别理想，其摩擦起电电压均在300V以上，可见其原料的配比对抗静电纤维面料的抗静电性能有着巨大的影响，实施例1的配比产生了出乎意料的抗静电效果，可见在实施例1所述的原料配比下制备的抗静涤纶面料，经过初始甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH改性液改性的基础上，提取的滤液与海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料等几种物质间协同性最好，此时的抗静电效果最佳，因而得到的抗静电纤维面料抗静电性能最优异。另外对比例1~5说明海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料的加入对抗静电纤维面料性能影响较大，对比例8~14说明制备抗静电纤维面料原料，其初始改性液以及原料的配比选择对其抗静电性能有着很大的影响，特别是甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为10:1时最终能大幅度提高抗静电性。
Claims (5)
1.一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法，其特征在于该方法包括以下步骤:
（1）将涤纶织物浸渍改性处理液进行初始改性，浸泡10 h，然后在40烘干℃下烘干2h，得到改性涤纶面料，
（2）称取38重量份聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、17重量份乙酰壳聚糖、9重量份瓜尔胶于烧杯中，加入80重量份盐酸无水乙醇溶液，磁力搅拌2h，将其置于300W功率、氮气氛围下超声波处理30min，用真空泵过滤，取其滤液，备用；
（3）取50~90重量份上述步骤（2）中得到的滤液，加入10~50重量份海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料，20重量份去离子水，磁力搅拌2h后得到抗静电处理液，将改性涤纶面料浸渍于上述处理液中，浴比1:25，60℃超声振荡2h，反应结束后取出置于烘箱中，65℃下烘干2h，水洗干燥，得到新型抗静电涤纶面料。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤（2）中盐酸与无水乙醇的体积比为1:3。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤2、3中搅拌速度为200~300r/min。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法，其特征在于所述的改性处理液制备方法如下：将ZnAl-LDH粉体于70℃条件下烘燥6h，按照1:50重量比加入离子水，搅拌，形成纳米MgAl-LDH粒子水分散液；并加入甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯，甲基丙烯酸醚磷酸酯与ZnAl-LDH粉体质量比为10:1，混合后采用超声分散的方式形成含反应性乳化剂的溶液，即改性处理液。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种新型抗静电涤纶面料的制备方法，其特征在于步骤2）中所述海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料制备方法如下：
称取30重量份海泡石、5重量份纳米钡铁氧体、8重量份氯化铬、12重量份多聚偏磷酸钠置于三口烧瓶中，加入95重量份去离子水磁力搅拌4h后升温至120℃，在氮气氛围下保温反应6h，自然冷却，离心，取下层沉淀物分别用无水乙醇和去离子水洗涤2~3次后离心分离，将产物装入内径为1/2英寸、长30cm的蒙乃尔材质管式反应器，通入二氧化碳气体、在320~350℃下焙烧2h，室温下冷却，研磨成160~200目粉末，得到海泡石/BaFe12O19/CrCl3复合材料。
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