CN108676044B - 一种cd33亲和的唾液酸衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物化学技术领域,具体涉及一种CD33亲和的唾液酸衍生物及其应用。
背景技术
免疫系统中的细胞表面富含复杂的聚糖混合物,可以被不同的聚糖结合蛋白识别,Siglecs是一种唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素家族,被认为通过糖链识别促进细胞间相互作用并调节天然和适应性免疫系统中细胞的功能。CD33相关的Siglecs主要由先天免疫系统的成熟细胞表达,如嗜中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、NK细胞、树突细胞和肥大细胞等。
CD33是免疫球蛋白超家族中的一员,是一种表达在髓系细胞上的跨膜受体,它在90%以上的急性髓系白血病患者都有表达。而且在造血干细胞以及其他组织没有表达,因此CD33成为髓系白血病治疗的靶点,在调节细胞增殖或分化中具有重要作用。CD33的胞外部分包含两个免疫球蛋白域(IgV和IgC2域),胞内部分包含了一个酪氨酸依赖的信号传导基序(ITIMs)与抑制细胞活性有关,通过被相关细胞或微生物表面的唾液酸识别来行使细胞间相互作用以及信号传递和粘附内吞等功能。
生物体内的免疫细胞通过其表面的唾液酸来识别表达有CD33的髓系白血病细胞。进而引发免疫功能达到清除病变细胞的目的,但是天然的唾液酸与CD33的结合能力很弱,使得病变细胞容易逃脱免疫作用。如何寻找一种可以高选择性、高亲合力结合CD33的分子受到人们越来越多的关注。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种CD33亲和的唾液酸衍生物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述唾液酸衍生物的应用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种CD33亲和的唾液酸衍生物,其结构式为
上述唾液酸衍生物在改造免疫细胞中的应用。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述免疫细胞包括T细胞、NK细胞、巨噬细胞、DC细胞、B细胞和粒细胞。
一种免疫细胞的改造方法,将免疫细胞与上述唾液酸衍生物在培养基中共培养,使该唾液酸衍生物通过免疫细胞内正常代谢对免疫细胞的表面进行修饰。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,所述免疫细胞包括T细胞、NK细胞、巨噬细胞、DC细胞、B细胞和粒细胞。
本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明的唾液酸衍生物对CD33具有高选择性和高亲和力,可被细胞吸收经过细胞代谢作用表达在细胞膜表面糖蛋白末端。
2、通过对免疫细胞进行修饰,利用本发明的唾液酸衍生物经过细胞代谢表达在免疫细胞表面对于识别和清除髓系白血病细胞具有重要作用,对于治疗急性骨髓系白血病具有广阔的应用前景和市场价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例6的实验结果图。
图2为本发明实施例7的实验结果图之一。
图3为本发明实施例7的实验结果图之二。
图4为本发明实施例8的实验结果图。
图5为本发明实施例9的实验结果图。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行进一步的说明和描述。
一种CD33亲和的唾液酸衍生物,其结构式为
下述实施例1至5制备的化合物(即上述CD33亲和的唾液酸衍生物)如下表所示:
实施例1
1.1,化合物(1)的合成路线如下:
1.1.1,将化合物A(2g,6.5mmol)溶解于30mL氯化氢的甲醇溶液里(20%,m/m),反应在100℃下搅拌4.5h,然后冷却至室温,并用阴离子交换树脂Dowex OH-中和反应液,过滤得到滤液,把滤液旋干经C18柱纯化得到化合物B(1.2g,63%)。
1.1.2,化合物B(1.2g,4.0mmol)溶解在20mL DMF中,然后在冰浴上滴加NEt3(1.2g,12mmol)。等反应液温度降为0度后,加入化合物C(1.5g,8.16mmol),反应温度自然升至室温,TLC检测反应完成后,为了防止过乙酰化的副产物产生,可在反应液里滴加几滴MeONa溶液,一小时后把反应液旋干。将得到的粗产品用反相C18纯化得化合物D(1.6g,80%)。
1.1.3,化合物D(1.6g,3.3mmol)溶解在10mL 1M的氢氧化钠水溶液中,反应液在40℃下搅拌0.5h,然后加入阳离子树脂Dowex H+,调节溶液的Ph为3,反应温度升至80℃,4h后冷却至室温过滤,将滤液旋干并用C18柱纯化得到化合物(1)(0.9g,60%)。
实施例2
1.2,化合物(2)的合成路线:
1.2.1,将化合物E(2.0g,6.0mmol)溶于30mL水中,然后加入100mg PdO。反应在氢气氛围下室温搅拌过夜,点板监测反应完成后,过滤反应液把滤液旋干即得粗产品F(1.3g,71%),无需纯化可直接做下一步反应。
1.2.2,化合物F(0.4g,1.3mmol)溶于5mL DMF中,然后在冰浴上滴加0.1M碳酸氢钠水溶液2mL。等反应液温度降为0℃后,加入化合物G(373mg,1.6mmol)。反应在0度下搅拌2小时,然后升至室温,点板监测反应完成。为了防止过乙酰化的副产物产生,可在反应液里滴加几滴NaOH溶液,15分钟把反应液旋干。得到的粗产品用C18柱纯化得到化合物(2)(415mg,75%)。
实施例3
1.3,化合物(3)的合成路线如下:
1.3.1,化合物F(0.4g,1.3mmol)溶于5mL DMF中,然后在冰浴上滴加0.1M碳酸氢钠水溶液2mL。等反应液温度降为0℃后,加入化合物H(373mg,1.6mmol)。反应在0℃下搅拌2小时,然后升至室温,点板监测反应完成。为了防止过乙酰化的副产物产生,可在反应液里滴加几滴NaOH溶液,15分钟把反应液旋干。得到的粗产品用C18柱纯化得到化合物(3)(400mg,70%)。
实施例4
1.4,化合物(4)的合成路线如下:
1.4.1,化合物F(0.4g,1.3mmol)溶于5mL DMF中,然后在冰浴上滴加0.1M碳酸氢钠水溶液2mL。等反应液温度降为0℃后,加入化合物H(421mg,1.6mmol)。反应在0℃下搅拌2小时,然后升至室温,点板监测反应完成。为了防止过乙酰化的副产物产生,可在反应液里滴加几滴NaOH溶液,15分钟把反应液旋干。得到的粗产品用C18柱纯化得到化合物(4)(432mg,73%)。
实施例5
1.5,化合物(5)的合成路线如下:
1.5.1,将化合物D(2g,4mmol)溶于30mL无水吡啶中,然后在冰浴上将反应液温度将至0℃,缓慢加入对甲基苯磺酰氯(TsCl)(1.14g,6mmol),反应温度自然升至室温并搅拌过夜。点板检测反应完成后旋干过柱纯化即得化合物J(1.8g,70%)。
1.5.2,化合物J(1.8g,2.8mmol)溶于30mL甲醇里,然后加入叠氮化钠(364mg,5.6mmol)。反应回流过夜,点板监测反应完成后旋干溶液,产物经硅胶柱纯化得到化合物K(1.0g,71%)。
1.5.3,化合物K(1.0g,1.9mmol)溶于THF/H2O(10/10mL)中,然后加入1M的PMe3的四氢呋喃溶液(4.75mL,4.75mmol)。反应于室温下搅拌3小时,然后旋干四氢呋喃溶液,剩下的水溶液经C18柱纯化得到化合物L(0.76g,80%)。
1.5.4,化合物L(0.76g,1.56mmol)溶于10mL DMF中,然后在冰浴上滴加0.1M碳酸氢钠水溶液5mL。等反应液温度降为0度后,加入化合物I(492mg,1.87mmol)。反应在0度下搅拌2小时,然后升至室温,点板监测反应完成。为了防止过乙酰化的副产物产生,可在反应液里滴加几滴NaOH溶液,15分钟把反应液旋干。得到的粗产品用C18柱纯化得到化合物M(0.74g,75%)。
1.5.5,化合物M(0.74g,1.17mmol)溶解在10mL 1M的氢氧化钠水溶液中,反应液在40℃下搅拌0.5h,然后加入阳离子树脂Dowex H+,调节溶液的Ph为3,反应温度升至80℃,4h后冷却至室温过滤,将滤液旋干并用C18柱纯化得到化合物(5)(0.49g,70%)
实施例6
化合物(1)-(5)对CD33的亲和性试验:
HeLa细胞在培养基为RPMI-1640(含有10%的胎牛血清、1%的青霉素和链霉素)含有5%CO2的37℃恒温培养箱中正常培养。然后把这些细胞分成七组,第1至5组的细胞培养基中分别含有100μM的化合物(1)-(5),第6组细胞培养基中含有100μM天然唾液酸,第7组的细胞培养基为正常培养基。然后将七组细胞在培养箱中培养24小时,用HBSS–BSA清洗三次后更换为正常的培养基,分别得到被化合物(1)-(5)和天然唾液酸修饰的七组HeLa细胞。
HL-60细胞在培养基为RPMI-1640(含有10%的胎牛血清、1%的青霉素和链霉素)含有5%CO2的37℃恒温培养箱中正常培养。用CFSE(5(6)-羧基二乙酸荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯,一种活细胞荧光标记物)(10μmol,30min,37℃)标记培养好的HL-60细胞。然后把标记好的HL-60细胞分别加入到上述已经处理好的七组HeLa细胞中,HL-60细胞与HeLa细胞的比例为1/10。在37℃恒温箱中孵育1小时后,用HBSS含有0.5%BSA(HBSS–BSA)清洗三次,然后用酶标仪测量各组细胞的荧光强度。实验结果如图1所示。由于HL-60细胞是人原髓细胞白血病细胞,其细胞表面表达有大量CD33。从图1的实验结果可看出,相比于用天然唾液酸处理的细胞组以及空白组细胞,经过被化合物(1)-(5)修饰后的HeLa细胞与HL-60细胞结合后的荧光强度均增强很多,说明本专利提供的化合物比天然唾液酸结合CD33的亲合力提高很多,而其中化合物(5)和化合物(4)的亲合力最高。
实施例7
化合物(1)-(5)选择性结合CD33实验
HeLa细胞在培养基为RPMI-1640(含有10%的胎牛血清、1%的青霉素和链霉素)含有5%CO2的37℃恒温培养箱中正常培养。然后传代到6孔板中,分成两组,每组三孔。两组细胞均用细胞培养基中含有100μM化合物(5)进行孵育24小时,用HBSS–BSA清洗三次后更换为正常的培养基,得到被化合物(5)修饰的两组HeLa细胞。
取正常培养好的HL-60细胞分为两组,分别用CFSE(5(6)-羧基二乙酸荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯,一种活细胞荧光标记物)标记(10μmol,30min,37℃)。然后把第一组标记好的HL-60细胞用抗CD33的抗体处理,另外一组加入相同体积的HBSS作为对照。然后把两组处理好的HL-60细胞分别加入到上述已经修饰了化合物(5)的两组HeLa细胞中,HL-60细胞与HeLa细胞的比例为1/10。在37℃恒温箱中孵育1小时后,用HBSS–BSA清洗三次,然后用酶标仪测量两组细胞的荧光强度。
为了检测其余四种化合物对CD33的选择性,按照上述实验步骤把化合物(5)分别换成化合物(1)-(4)重复上述实验。实验结果如图2所示。
经过抗CD33抗体处理过的HL-60细胞由于其表面的CD33已经被抗体结合,不能再与HeLa细胞上表达的化合物(1)-(5)结合,因此测量的荧光强度很弱,而用PBS处理的HL-60细胞依然可以通过其表面的CD33结合表达有化合物(1)-(5)的HeLa细胞,得到很强的荧光强度。实验结果进一步证明本专利提供的化合物(1)-(5)与CD33的结合是受CD33依赖的。
K20细胞在培养基为RPMI-1640(含有10%的胎牛血清、1%的青霉素和链霉素)含有5%CO2的37℃恒温培养箱中正常培养。然后用培养基中含有100μM化合物(5)孵育细胞24小时,用HBSS-BSA清洗三次,并用CFSE(5(6)-羧基二乙酸荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯,一种活细胞荧光标记物)标记(10μmol,30min,37℃),得到已经表达有化合物(5)并且具有荧光标记的K20细胞。
选取已经表达好siglec-1、siglec-3(CD33)、siglec-5、siglec-8、siglec-9、siglec-10、hCD22的一系列CHO细胞,在培养基为RPMI-1640(含有10%的胎牛血清、1%的青霉素和链霉素)含有5%CO2的37℃恒温培养箱中正常培养。然后把上述修饰好的K20细胞分别加入已经表达了不同siglecs的CHO细胞中,K20细胞与CHO细胞的比例为1/10。在37℃恒温箱中孵育1小时后,用HBSS–BSA清洗三次,然后用酶标仪测量各组细胞的荧光强度。
同样按照上述实验步骤用化合物(1)-(4)重复上述实验得到化合物(1)-(4)对CD33的选择性数据。实验结果如图3所示:只有表达了CD33的细胞组出现很强的荧光,而表达了其他siglecs的细胞组荧光很弱。实验结果表明化合物(1)-(5)对CD33的选择性具有特异性。
实施例8
化合物(5)修饰的NK细胞对白血病细胞治疗的效果
在α-MEM培养基(含12.5%新生牛血清、12.5%马血清、100U/ml recombinant IL-2)中于37℃、5%CO2孵育箱中正常培养ATCC来源的NK-92(CRL-2407TM)细胞系,之后更换为含100μM化合物(5)的α-MEM培养基继续培养72h。更换培养基清洗三次,即得到化合物(5)修饰NK-92细胞(NK-92+)。
将HL-60细胞或者A549细胞与NK-92细胞以数量比1:10的比例混合,然后在37℃培养箱中共孵育24h后,用乳酸脱氢酶检测试剂盒检测上清液中乳酸脱氢酶的含量,参照空白组计算细胞毒性。结果如图4所示。
乳酸脱氢酶LDH是存在于细胞质的一种酶,当细胞膜受到损伤时,LDH会释放到培养基中,NK细胞与靶细胞结合时,会释放穿孔素及NK细胞毒因子等,破坏靶细胞膜,从而造成LDH的释放,因此检测培养基中LDH的含量即可显示NK细胞的杀伤毒性。从图4可以看出,由于人肺癌细胞(A549)表面不表达CD33,因此原始NK-92及经化合物(5)修饰后的NK-92细胞(NK-92+)对其均没有明显的杀伤活性。而人白血病细胞HL-60高表达CD33,经化合物(5)修饰后的NK-92细胞(NK-92+)对其杀伤毒性明显增加。
实施例9
化合物(5)修饰的NK细胞对白血病小鼠模型的治疗效果
对6-8周大的NSG小鼠尾静脉注射1×103个Raji细胞,构建白血病小鼠模型,然后从第三天开始,每隔两天通过尾静脉注射1×107个NK-92细胞或者经化合物(5)修饰后的NK-92细胞。空白小鼠通过尾静脉注射PBS。每组15只小鼠,观察小鼠存活率。结果如图5所示。
从图5可以看出,白血病小鼠模型建立后小鼠最长存活期为20天左右,尾静脉输入NK-92细胞后可以稍微延长NSG小鼠的存活率,而尾静脉输入经化合物(5)修饰后的NK-92细胞后可将NSG小鼠的最长存活期延长至40天左右。表明经过化合物(5)修饰后的NK-92细胞对体内白血病细胞良好的选择性清除效果,这对于进一步的临床试验具有很好的借鉴意义。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,故不能依此限定本发明实施的范围,即依本发明专利范围及说明书内容所作的等效变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明涵盖的范围内。
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