CN108662899B - Control system for reducing fluctuation of temperature difference of metal liquid in furnace - Google Patents
Control system for reducing fluctuation of temperature difference of metal liquid in furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN108662899B CN108662899B CN201810548506.4A CN201810548506A CN108662899B CN 108662899 B CN108662899 B CN 108662899B CN 201810548506 A CN201810548506 A CN 201810548506A CN 108662899 B CN108662899 B CN 108662899B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/0014—Devices for monitoring temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D21/04—Arrangements of indicators or alarms
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
- F27D2019/0018—Monitoring the temperature of the atmosphere of the kiln
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
- F27D2019/0028—Regulation
- F27D2019/0034—Regulation through control of a heating quantity such as fuel, oxidant or intensity of current
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
- F27M2001/01—Charges containing mainly non-ferrous metals
- F27M2001/012—Aluminium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
- F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
- F27M2003/13—Smelting
Abstract
The invention discloses a control system for reducing temperature difference fluctuation of metal liquid in a furnace, which comprises an aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace, a thyristor controller, a heating module, a temperature control module, a manual automatic pressure regulating module and a manual automatic control module, wherein the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace, the heating module, the temperature control module and the manual automatic pressure regulating module are all connected with the thyristor controller, the manual automatic control module is respectively connected with the temperature control module and the manual automatic pressure regulating module, and a temperature detection assembly connected with the temperature control module is arranged in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace. The invention can stably control the temperature in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace, has high heat energy utilization rate, small temperature difference change, safety, practicability, high efficiency and reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a control system for reducing fluctuation of temperature difference of molten metal in a furnace.
Background
The aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace is the most important equipment in the aluminum alloy industry, the casting temperature of the aluminum alloy is generally 720-740 ℃, and in order to ensure that the aluminum liquid is heated uniformly and reaches the temperature required by the production technology, the electric heating tube is required to be heated continuously so as to keep the aluminum alloy in a molten state all the time. The disadvantage of the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace is that: the temperature control is unstable, and the temperature difference change is large. Because the temperature factors have a large influence on the quality of the cast, the problems of bubbles, air holes, shrinkage holes and the like are easy to generate in the over-temperature casting, the problems of netty dendrite formation, metal liquid flow blocking, insufficient casting, edge deficiency, less meat and the like are easy to generate in the low-temperature casting, and the sand core of the cavity is cast at an excessively high temperature or an excessively low temperature, so that a lot of quality problems are caused to the cast, and the cast is directly scrapped in serious cases.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the control system for reducing the temperature fluctuation of the metal liquid in the furnace, which can stably control the temperature in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace, has high heat energy utilization rate, small temperature difference change, is safe and practical, and is efficient and reliable.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a control system for reducing in-furnace metal liquid difference in temperature is undulant, includes aluminium liquid heat preservation stove, still includes thyristor controller, heating module, temperature control module, hand automatic pressure regulating module, hand automatic control module, aluminium liquid heat preservation stove, heating module, temperature control module, hand automatic pressure regulating module all with thyristor controller connects, hand automatic control module is connected with temperature control module, hand automatic pressure regulating module respectively, be equipped with in the aluminium liquid heat preservation stove with the temperature detection subassembly that temperature control module connects.
As a further improvement, the temperature detection assembly comprises an aluminum liquid thermocouple inserted into the aluminum liquid and an atmosphere thermocouple positioned above the aluminum liquid, and the temperature control module comprises an aluminum liquid temperature controller connected with the aluminum liquid thermocouple and an atmosphere temperature controller connected with the atmosphere thermocouple.
Further, the control system further comprises an operation panel, and a power lamp, a manual indicator lamp, an automatic indicator lamp, an aluminum liquid heating lamp, an atmosphere heating lamp, an overtemperature indicator lamp, a buzzer, a key switch, a stop button, a power-on button, a manual and automatic switching button and an aluminum liquid atmosphere switching button which are respectively connected with the manual and automatic control module are arranged on the operation panel.
Further, the manual automatic control module comprises a direct current power supply, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay and a fifth relay, wherein a normally open contact of the first relay, a normally closed contact of the upper electric button, a normally closed contact of the fifth relay, a normally closed contact of the third relay and a coil of the second relay are connected in series to form a second branch, an automatic contact of the manual automatic switching button, a normally closed contact of the fifth relay, a normally closed contact of the second relay and a coil of the third relay are connected in series to form a third branch, an aluminum liquid contact of the aluminum liquid-gas switching button, a normally closed contact of the fifth relay and a coil of the fourth relay are connected in series to form a fourth branch, an atmosphere contact of the aluminum liquid-gas atmosphere switching button, a normally closed contact of the fourth relay, a normally closed contact of the fifth relay and an atmosphere heating lamp are connected in series to form a fifth branch, a contact switch of the aluminum liquid temperature controller, a contact switch of the atmosphere controller is connected in parallel to a coil of the fifth relay, and the third branch is connected in series to form a sixth branch, and the fourth branch, the fifth branch and the seventh branch are connected in series to the fifth branch and the seventh branch.
Further, the power lamp is connected with the coil of the first relay in parallel, the normally open contact of the second relay and the manual indicator lamp are connected in series and then connected with the coil of the first relay in parallel, the normally open contact of the third relay and the automatic indicator lamp are connected in series and then connected with the coil of the first relay in parallel, the aluminum liquid heating lamp is connected with the coil of the fourth relay in parallel, and the overtemperature indicator lamp, the buzzer and the coil of the fifth relay are connected in parallel.
Further, the signal output end of the aluminum liquid temperature controller is connected with the thyristor controller through the normally open contact of the fourth relay and the normally open contact of the third relay in sequence, the signal input end of the aluminum liquid temperature controller is connected with the aluminum liquid thermocouple, and the signal output end of the atmosphere temperature controller is connected with the thyristor controller through the normally closed contact of the fourth relay and the normally open contact of the third relay in sequence, and the signal input end of the atmosphere temperature controller is connected with the atmosphere thermocouple.
Further, the manual automatic voltage regulation module comprises a manual potentiometer and an automatic potentiometer, the M end of the thyristor controller is connected with the R1 end of the thyristor controller through a resistor of the manual potentiometer, the M end of the thyristor controller is connected with the R3 end of the thyristor controller through a resistor of the manual potentiometer and a resistor of the automatic potentiometer in sequence, the output end of the manual potentiometer is connected with the R2 end of the thyristor controller through a normally open contact of the second relay, and the output end of the automatic potentiometer is connected with the R2 end of the thyristor controller through a normally closed contact of the second relay.
Further, the heating module comprises a three-phase power supply, an air switch, an alternating current contactor, a fuse assembly and a heating element arranged on the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace, wherein the input end of the thyristor controller is connected with the three-phase power supply through the fuse assembly, the alternating current contactor and the air switch in sequence, and the output end of the thyristor controller is connected with the heating element.
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the temperature of the aluminum liquid is monitored in real time through the aluminum liquid temperature controller and the output of the thyristor controller is controlled, or the atmosphere temperature is monitored in real time through the atmosphere temperature controller and the output of the thyristor controller is controlled, so that the temperature in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace can be controlled stably, the heat energy utilization rate is high, the temperature difference change is small, and the device is safe, practical, efficient and reliable;
2. the alarm circuit can display the current working state in real time, and when the aluminum liquid is over-temperature, the control loop can be rapidly cut off, so that the protection device is protected, and the use safety is high;
3. the temperature in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace can be manually controlled or automatically controlled, the operation is convenient, and the reliability is high;
4. the output size of the thyristor controller can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual working condition by utilizing the manual potentiometer or the automatic potentiometer, so that the production efficiency is high and the applicability is strong;
5. the air switch, the alternating current contactor and the fuse assembly are arranged, so that the stability of a heating loop can be effectively improved, and the use is safe and reliable;
6. the indicator light on the operation panel can display the current working state in real time, so that the operation of workers is facilitated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aluminum liquid holding furnace in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an operation panel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a heating module according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a temperature control module according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a manual automatic voltage regulation module according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of the manual automatic control module in the present invention.
Wherein: 1-aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace, 2-heating module, 3-temperature control module, 4-hand automatic pressure regulating module, 5-hand automatic control module, 6-operation panel, 7-first branch, 8-second branch, 9-third branch, 10-fourth branch, 11-fifth branch, 12-sixth branch, 13-heating element, 14-crucible furnace body, 15-insulating brick, 16-furnace lining, 17-furnace mouth, 18-aluminum liquid outlet, 19-furnace shoulder, 20-furnace cover, 21-molten aluminum liquid, KP-thyristor controller, ST 1-aluminum liquid thermocouple, ST 2-atmosphere thermocouple, PV 1-aluminum liquid temperature controller, PV 2-atmosphere temperature controller, PV 1-1-aluminum liquid temperature controller contact switch PV 2-2-atmosphere temperature controller contact switch, HL 1-power lamp, HL 2-manual indicator lamp, HL 3-automatic indicator lamp, HL 4-aluminum liquid heating lamp, HL5 atmosphere heating lamp, HL 6-overtemperature indicator lamp, HA 1-buzzer, SB 1-key switch, SB 2-stop button, SB 3-power-on button, SB4 manual automatic switching button, SB 5-aluminum liquid atmosphere switching button, DC-DC power supply, KA 0-first relay, KA 1-second relay, KA 2-third relay, KA 3-fourth relay, KA 4-fifth relay, AC-three-phase power supply, QS 1-air switch, KM 1-AC contactor, BP 1-manual potentiometer and BP 2-automatic potentiometer.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments in the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a control system for reducing the fluctuation of the temperature difference of metal liquid in a furnace comprises an aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace 1, and further comprises a thyristor controller KP, a heating module 2, a temperature control module 3, a manual automatic pressure regulating module 4 and a manual automatic control module 5, wherein the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace 1, the heating module 2, the temperature control module 3 and the manual automatic pressure regulating module 4 are all connected with the thyristor controller KP, the manual automatic control module 5 is respectively connected with the temperature control module 3 and the manual automatic pressure regulating module 4, a temperature detection component connected with the temperature control module 3 is arranged in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace 1, the temperature detection component comprises an aluminum liquid thermocouple ST1 inserted into the aluminum liquid, an atmosphere thermocouple ST2 positioned above the aluminum liquid, the temperature control module 3 comprises an aluminum liquid thermocouple ST1 connected with the aluminum liquid thermocouple ST2, and an atmosphere thermocouple ST2 connected with the atmosphere thermocouple, the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 is monitored in real time and controlled, or the atmosphere temperature is monitored in real time and controlled by the atmosphere thermocouple PV2 and controlled by the thyristor controller KP output, and the temperature detection component can be controlled stably, the aluminum liquid temperature in the furnace 1, the temperature can be controlled, the high utilization rate and the heat preservation efficiency is high, and the heat preservation efficiency can be realized, and the temperature change is safe.
The control system further comprises an operation panel 6, wherein a power lamp HL1, a manual indicator lamp HL2, an automatic indicator lamp HL3, an aluminum liquid heating lamp HL4, an atmosphere heating lamp HL5, an overtemperature indicator lamp HL6, a buzzer HA1, a key switch SB1, a stop button SB2, a power-on button SB3, a manual automatic switching button SB4 and an aluminum liquid atmosphere switching button SB5 which are respectively connected with the manual automatic control module 5 are arranged on the operation panel 6, and each indicator lamp can display the current working state in real time, so that the operation of workers is convenient; the manual and automatic control module 5 comprises a direct current power supply DC, a first relay KA0, a second relay KA1, a third relay KA2, a fourth relay KA3 and a fifth relay KA4, wherein a normally open contact of the first relay KA0, a normally closed contact of the second relay KA1, a normally closed contact of the third relay KA1 and a coil of the third relay KA2 are connected in series after being connected in parallel with a stop button SB2 and a key switch SB1 to form a first branch 7, a manual contact of the manual and automatic switching button SB4, a normally closed contact of the fifth relay KA4 and a coil of the second relay KA1 are connected in series to form a second branch 8, an automatic contact of the manual and automatic switching button SB4, a normally closed contact of the fifth relay KA4, a normally closed contact of the second relay KA1 and a coil of the third relay KA2 are connected in series to form a third branch 9, the aluminum liquid contact of the aluminum liquid atmosphere switching button SB5, the normally closed contact of the fifth relay KA4 and the coil of the fourth relay KA3 are connected in series to form a fourth branch circuit 10, the atmosphere contact of the aluminum liquid atmosphere switching button SB5, the normally closed contact of the fourth relay KA3, the normally closed contact of the fifth relay KA4 and the atmosphere heating lamp HL5 are connected in series to form a fifth branch circuit 11, the contact switch PV1-1 of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 and the contact switch PV2-2 of the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 are connected in parallel and then connected in series with the coil of the fifth relay KA4 to form a sixth branch circuit 12, the coil of the first relay KA0, the second branch circuit 8, the third branch circuit 9, the fourth branch circuit 10, the fifth branch circuit 11 and the sixth branch circuit 12 are connected in series with the first branch circuit 7 and then connected with two ends of the direct current power supply DC; the power lamp HL1 is connected with the coil of the first relay KA0 in parallel, the normally open contact of the second relay KA1 and the manual indicator lamp HL2 are connected in series and then connected with the coil of the first relay KA0 in parallel, the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 and the automatic indicator lamp HL3 are connected in series and then connected with the coil of the first relay KA0 in parallel, the aluminum liquid heating lamp HL4 is connected with the coil of the fourth relay KA3 in parallel, and the overtemperature indicator lamp HL6, the buzzer HA1 and the coil of the fifth relay KA4 are connected in parallel; the sixth branch 12 is an alarm circuit, can display the current working state in real time, can rapidly cut off a control loop when the aluminum liquid is overtemperature, plays a role of protecting equipment, has high use safety, can manually control or automatically control the temperature in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace 1 according to actual conditions, and is convenient to operate and high in reliability.
The signal output end of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 is connected with the thyristor controller KP through the normally open contact of the fourth relay KA3 and the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 in sequence, and specifically comprises the following steps: the OUT+ end of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 is connected with the C1 end of the thyristor controller KP through the normally open contact of the fourth relay KA3 and the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 in sequence, the OUT-end of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 is connected with the C2 end of the thyristor controller KP through the normally open contact of the fourth relay KA3 and the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 in sequence, and the signal input end of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 is connected with the aluminum liquid thermocouple ST 1; the signal output end of the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 is connected with the thyristor controller KP through the normally closed contact of the fourth relay KA3 and the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 in sequence, and specifically comprises the following steps: the OUT+ end of the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 is connected with the C1 end of the thyristor controller KP through the normally closed contact of the fourth relay KA3 and the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 in sequence, the OUT-end of the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 is connected with the C2 end of the thyristor controller KP through the normally closed contact of the fourth relay KA3 and the normally open contact of the third relay KA2 in sequence, and the signal input end of the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 is connected with the atmosphere thermocouple ST 2; when the aluminum liquid thermal insulation furnace is in actual use, the process temperature values of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 and the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 are set, the aluminum liquid thermocouple ST1 detects the aluminum liquid temperature in real time and feeds back the aluminum liquid temperature to the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1, the atmosphere thermocouple ST2 detects the atmosphere temperature in real time and feeds back the atmosphere temperature controller PV2, the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 and the atmosphere temperature controller PV2 output control voltages according to the actual temperature values and the process temperature values, and the thyristor controller KP automatically turns off or turns on the output ends according to the input voltage values of the ends C1 and C2 so as to control the temperature in the aluminum liquid thermal insulation furnace 1.
The manual automatic voltage regulating module 4 comprises a manual potentiometer BP1 and an automatic potentiometer BP2, the manual potentiometer BP1 can be regulated from an operation panel 6, the M end of the thyristor controller KP is connected with the R1 end of the thyristor controller KP through a resistor of the manual potentiometer BP1, the M end of the thyristor controller KP is sequentially connected with the R3 end of the thyristor controller KP through a resistor of the manual potentiometer BP1 and a resistor of the automatic potentiometer BP2, the output end of the manual potentiometer BP1 is connected with the R2 end of the thyristor controller KP through a normally open contact of the second relay KA1, and the output end of the automatic potentiometer BP2 is connected with the R2 end of the thyristor controller KP through a normally closed contact of the second relay KA 1; when the manual mode is selected, the output size of the thyristor controller KP can be adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the manual potentiometer BP 1; when the automatic mode is selected, the resistance value of the automatic potentiometer BP2 can be adjusted in advance, the output size of the thyristor controller KP can be adjusted, and the output size of the thyristor controller KP can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual working condition by utilizing the manual potentiometer BP1 or the automatic potentiometer BP2, so that the production efficiency is high, and the applicability is strong.
The heating module 2 comprises a three-phase power supply AC, an air switch QS1, an alternating-current contactor KM1, a fuse assembly and a heating element 13 arranged on the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace 1, wherein the input end of a thyristor controller KP is connected with the three-phase power supply AC through the fuse assembly, the alternating-current contactor KM1 and the air switch QS1 in sequence, so that the stability of a heating loop can be effectively improved, the heating module is safe and reliable to use, the output end of the thyristor controller KP is connected with the heating element 13, a heating tube R1, a heating tube R2 and a heating tube R3 of the heating element 13 are connected by star connection, the electricity utilization performance is good, the three-phase balance of a power grid is ensured, the temperature control modes of the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 and an atmosphere temperature controller PV2 adopt electric control PID+SSD, the temperature of the thyristor controller KP can be automatically controlled, the power of the thyristor controller KP can be steplessly adjusted, the service life of the heating element 13 can be prolonged, and the aluminum liquid temperature controller PV1 and the atmosphere controller PV2 adopt Japanese SR series controllers as preferred.
In the embodiment, the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace 1 comprises a crucible furnace body 14 and a furnace cover 20, wherein the crucible furnace body 14 adopts a Visuwei graphite crucible and is in a round shape, the bottom of the crucible furnace body 14 is supported by a heat insulation brick 15, a furnace lining 16 is arranged on the periphery of the crucible furnace body 14, a ceramic fiber board, a light high-alumina brick and fiber carbon are adopted as manufacturing materials of the furnace lining 16, an aluminum liquid outlet 18 is arranged on the edge of a furnace mouth 17 of the crucible furnace body 14, a furnace shoulder 19 is arranged above the aluminum liquid outlet 18, the furnace shoulder 19 is sealed by heat insulation mud, a heating element 13 adopts an OCr21Al6Nb resistance band and is arranged between the crucible furnace body 14 and the furnace lining 16, the heating is uniform, an aluminum liquid thermocouple ST1 and a gas thermocouple ST2 are inserted into the crucible furnace body 14 from the outer side of the furnace cover 20, wherein the aluminum liquid thermocouple ST1 is inserted into molten aluminum liquid 21 in the furnace, and the gas thermocouple ST2 cannot contact the molten aluminum liquid 21; the furnace cover 20 is used for covering the furnace mouth 17 to prevent molten aluminum from splashing, and can be opened or closed but cannot be pressed to the crucible furnace body 14.
While only the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these do not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent.
Claims (3)
1. The control system for reducing the fluctuation of the temperature difference of the metal liquid in the furnace comprises an aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace (1), and is characterized in that: the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace is characterized by further comprising a thyristor controller (KP), a heating module (2), a temperature control module (3), a manual automatic pressure regulating module (4) and a manual automatic control module (5), wherein the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace (1), the heating module (2), the temperature control module (3) and the manual automatic pressure regulating module (4) are all connected with the thyristor controller (KP), the manual automatic control module (5) is respectively connected with the temperature control module (3) and the manual automatic pressure regulating module (4), and a temperature detection assembly connected with the temperature control module (3) is arranged in the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace (1);
the temperature detection assembly comprises an aluminum liquid thermocouple (ST 1) inserted into the aluminum liquid and an atmosphere thermocouple (ST 2) positioned above the aluminum liquid, and the temperature control module (3) comprises an aluminum liquid temperature controller (PV 1) connected with the aluminum liquid thermocouple (ST 1) and an atmosphere temperature controller (PV 2) connected with the atmosphere thermocouple (ST 2);
the control system further comprises an operation panel (6), wherein the operation panel (6) is provided with a power lamp (HL 1), a manual indicator lamp (HL 2), an automatic indicator lamp (HL 3), an aluminum liquid heating lamp (HL 4), an atmosphere heating lamp (HL 5), an over-temperature indicator lamp (HL 6), a buzzer (HA 1), a key switch (SB 1), a stop button (SB 2), a power-on button (SB 3), a manual and automatic switching button (SB 4) and an aluminum liquid atmosphere switching button (SB 5) which are respectively connected with the manual and automatic control module (5);
the manual automatic control module (5) comprises a direct current power supply (DC), a first relay (KA 0), a second relay (KA 1), a third relay (KA 2), a fourth relay (KA 3) and a fifth relay (KA 4), wherein a normally open contact of the first relay (KA 0), a normally closed contact of the third relay (KA 2), a coil of the fourth relay (KA 2) and a normally closed contact of the fifth relay (KA 4) are connected in series to form a first branch (7), a manual contact of the manual automatic switching button (SB 4), a normally closed contact of the third relay (KA 2), a coil of the second relay (KA 1) is connected in series to form a second branch (8), a normally closed contact of the manual automatic switching button (SB 4), a normally closed contact of the fifth relay (KA 4), a coil of the third relay (SB 2) is connected in series to form a third branch (9), an aluminum liquid contact of the aluminum liquid switching button (SB 5), a normally closed contact of the fifth relay (KA 4) is connected in series to form a normally closed contact of the fourth relay (KA 2), a normally closed contact of the fourth relay (KA 4) is connected in series to form a fourth branch (HL) and a heating atmosphere contact of the fourth relay (KA 4) is connected in series to form a fourth heat atmosphere contact of the lamp (vacuum switch (11), the method comprises the steps that a contact switch (PV 1-1) of an aluminum liquid temperature controller (PV 1) and a contact switch (PV 2-2) of an atmosphere temperature controller (PV 2) are connected in parallel and then connected with a coil of a fifth relay (KA 4) in series to form a sixth branch (12), a coil of a first relay (KA 0), a second branch (8), a third branch (9), a fourth branch (10), a fifth branch (11) and the sixth branch (12) form a seventh branch, and the seventh branch is connected with two ends of a direct current power supply (DC) after being connected with the first branch (7) in series;
the power lamp (HL 1) is connected with the coil of the first relay (KA 0) in parallel, the normally open contact and the manual indicator lamp (HL 2) of the second relay (KA 1) are connected in series and then connected with the coil of the first relay (KA 0) in parallel, the normally open contact and the automatic indicator lamp (HL 3) of the third relay (KA 2) are connected in series and then connected with the coil of the first relay (KA 0) in parallel, the aluminum liquid heating lamp (HL 4) is connected with the coil of the fourth relay (KA 3) in parallel, and the overtemperature indicator lamp (HL 6), the buzzer (HA 1) and the coil of the fifth relay (KA 4) are connected in parallel;
the signal output part of the aluminum liquid temperature controller (PV 1) is connected with the thyristor controller (KP) through the normally open contact of the fourth relay (KA 3) and the normally open contact of the third relay (KA 2), the signal input part of the aluminum liquid temperature controller (PV 1) is connected with the aluminum liquid thermocouple (ST 1), and the signal output part of the atmosphere temperature controller (PV 2) is connected with the thyristor controller (KP) through the normally closed contact of the fourth relay (KA 3) and the normally open contact of the third relay (KA 2) in sequence, and the signal input part of the atmosphere temperature controller (PV 2) is connected with the atmosphere thermocouple (ST 2).
2. The control system for reducing fluctuations in temperature difference of molten metal in a furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the manual automatic voltage regulating module (4) comprises a manual potentiometer (BP 1) and an automatic potentiometer (BP 2), wherein the M end of the thyristor controller (KP) is connected with the R1 end of the thyristor controller (KP) through a resistor of the manual potentiometer (BP 1), the M end of the thyristor controller (KP) is sequentially connected with the R3 end of the thyristor controller (KP) through a resistor of the manual potentiometer (BP 1) and a resistor of the automatic potentiometer (BP 2), the output end of the manual potentiometer (BP 1) is connected with the R2 end of the thyristor controller (KP) through a normally open contact of a second relay (KA 1), and the output end of the automatic potentiometer (BP 2) is connected with the R2 end of the thyristor controller (KP) through a normally closed contact of the second relay (KA 1).
3. The control system for reducing fluctuations in temperature difference of molten metal in a furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the heating module (2) comprises a three-phase power supply (AC), an air switch (QS 1), an alternating current contactor (KM 1), a fuse assembly and a heating element (13) arranged on the aluminum liquid heat preservation furnace (1), wherein the input end of a thyristor controller (KP) is connected with the three-phase power supply (AC) through the fuse assembly, the alternating current contactor (KM 1) and the air switch (QS 1) in sequence, and the output end of the thyristor controller (KP) is connected with the heating element (13).
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