RU132805U1 - UNIT FOR AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF TEMPERATURE OF THE ELECTROLYZER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A unit for automatically controlling the temperature of the electrolyzer, which includes a collection cell (3) with an AC electrode installed in it, an electrolytic cell (4) with an AC electrode installed in it, a cooling heat exchanger (6), a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) pipe (17), while the cooling heat exchanger (6) is made with the possibility of immersion in the electrolyte (2) of the electrolyzer (1), and its input is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) using the pipe (17) containing a neighing computer (19) and an automatic temperature control unit for one electrolyzer containing a thermocouple (7), an AC power source (9), a programmable controller (18), two single-phase transformers, two transformer control cabinets, and a thermocouple (7) is installed on the electrolyzer (1) with the possibility of immersing its lower part in an electrolyte (2) and electrically connected to a programmable controller (18), each AC electrode is separately connected to an AC power source through one single phase of a transformer and one transformer control cabinet, the outputs of the programmable controller (18) are electrically connected to the control input of the transformer control cabinet, the control input of a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) and to the computer input (19), and the computer output (19) is electrically connected to the input programmable controller (18) .2. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the node for automatic temperature control of one electrolyzer with two types of AC electrodes for 400 kW (8) and 600 kW (5) contains

Description

Scope of technology

This new applied utility model relates to temperature control during operation of an electrolyzer using molten salt electrolysis technology, in particular, to a unit for automatically controlling the temperature of electrolytic cells, which automatically maintains the temperature of several electrolytic cells within standard limits.

State of the art

The closest analogue for the claimed utility model is a unit for the electrolysis of magnesium chloride, disclosed in document No. EP0060048A1. This document discloses an electrolytic cell for producing metal in the production of magnesium by electrolysis of molten salt, wherein the metal is collected by mass of molten salt under a highly insulated coating to reduce heat loss from the molten metal, essentially under a non-oxidizing atmosphere. By means of a heat exchanger that cuts into the molten electrolyte and is positioned so as to avoid significant heat absorption from the floating molten metal, a controlled temperature of the electrolyte is maintained approximately above the melting point of magnesium. This arrangement allows you to control the temperature of the electrolyte with a decrease in the degree of formation of sludge and increase the life of the cell by preventing exposure to atmospheric moisture on the electrolyte. The specified unit for temperature control has the following disadvantages, for example, it cannot monitor or control the temperature of a number of devices. Accordingly, the present utility model offers an automatic temperature control unit for a magnesium electrolytic cell, which is obtained by eliminating the above difficulties.

Prerequisites for creating a utility model

Electrolysis of molten salts is one of two technologies for the production of magnesium metal. Several electrolyzers are connected in series with a direct current source, magnesium chloride contained in the molten salt (electrolyte) in the electrolysis cell undergoes an electrolysis reaction and decomposes into metallic magnesium and chlorine, while magnesium is in a liquid state on the surface of the electrolyzer. The temperature of the electrolyzer should be kept at the nominal limit. The temperature of the cell should not be lower than the melting point of magnesium 650 ° C, so magnesium does not freeze and is removed by a ladle for magnesium. The temperature of the cell should not be too high. High temperature increases the reverse interaction of magnesium and chlorine (second reaction), reduces the yield of magnesium and chlorine, as well as current efficiency, increases the specific energy consumption. This also increases the energy consumption of the cell. In real production, the temperature of the cell is often excessively high, that is, the cell is heated.

The temperature of the cell is one of the main control requirements, the temperature of the cell should not be lower than 650 ° C. Moreover, the closer to 650 ° C, the higher the current productivity of the cell and the lower the specific energy consumption.

In the case of heating the cell, add solid magnesium chloride to the cell or reduce the direct current, so reduce the temperature of the cell. However, the addition of solid magnesium chloride interferes with the production order, a decrease in direct current reduces productivity, thus both methods affect production, reduce current efficiency, and increase the specific consumption of magnesium metal. Currently, the cell temperature limits are 660 ° C ~ 690 ° C. When the DC current is cut off, the electrolyte will harden in the cell and damage the cell, which will result in great damage.

Utility Model Content

The purpose of this new applied utility model is to provide a unit for automatically controlling the temperature of electrolyzers, performing concentrated temperature control and automatically controlling the temperature of several electrolyzers.

The unit used for this new applied utility model is as follows: a unit for automatically controlling the temperature of electrolyzers, including an electrolyzer, an electrolyte, a collection cell, an electrolytic cell, a cooling heat exchanger, a thermocouple, an alternating current electrode, an alternating current, a single-phase transformer, a transformer control cabinet, a source AC power, high pressure centrifugal fan, programmable controller, and computer. The indicated thermocouple is installed in the assembly cell of the electrolyzer, its lower part is placed in the electrolyte, the output is connected to the input of the programmable controller. The specified AC electrode is installed in the electrolyte of the assembly cell of the electrolyzer, the input of the AC electrode is connected to the output of a single-phase transformer. The indicated output of the transformer control cabinet is connected to the input of a single-phase transformer, the transformer control cabinet is connected to an AC source, the control input of the transformer control cabinet is connected to the output of the programmable controller, the transformer control cabinet has a control function in place. The aforementioned cooling heat exchanger is installed in the electrolyte of the assembly cell of the electrolyzer, its inlet is connected to the outlet of the centrifugal high-pressure fan using a pipeline, the outlet of the pipeline goes to the atmosphere. The specified control input of the centrifugal high-pressure fan is connected to the processing output of the programmable controller, the centrifugal high-pressure fan has a control function in place. The output of the programmable controller is electrically connected to the input of the computer, the processing output of the computer is electrically connected to the processing input of the programmable controller, the processing output of the programmable controller is separately electrically connected to the transformer control cabinet, the transformer control cabinet is connected to a high-pressure centrifugal fan.

Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this new applied utility model are as follows: the unit for automatic temperature control of several electrolyzers consists of a thermocouple, an alternating current electrode, a single-phase transformer, a transformer control cabinet, a cooling heat exchanger, a high-pressure centrifugal fan, a programmable controller, and a computer. The thermocouple transmits a temperature signal to the programmable controller and computer, the programmable controller and computer control the AC electrode, the current goes to the electrolyzer and produces heat generation reactions, resistance, so the electrolyte temperature rises. Or a programmable controller and a computer control the start of a high-pressure centrifugal fan, after air is introduced into the cooling heat exchanger, the air is exchanged at a lower temperature with a higher temperature electrolyte, so the temperature of the electrolyte decreases. The electrolyzer consists of a prefabricated cell and an electrolytic chamber, the design AC power in the prefabricated cell is 600 kW, and in the electrolytic chamber 400 kW. The programmable controller receives a temperature signal from a thermocouple, controls a transformer control cabinet, a high-pressure centrifugal fan, and exchanges information with a computer. The computer exchanges information with the programmable controller, corrects the temperature control program, detects the temperature of the cell, records the temperature history curve of the electrolytic chamber, prints a report. A 400 kVA transformer control cabinet and a high-pressure centrifugal fan have on-site control functions, manual control of the cell temperature turns into automatic control. You can turn on two AC electrodes at the same time in the collection cell and electrolytic cell, or turn on only one of them.

This new applied utility model controls the temperature of the cell, the closer to 650 ° C, the better. The control limits must be 651 ° C ~ 659 ° C.

When using this unit for automatic control of the temperature of electrolytic cells, it is possible to simultaneously automatically control the temperature of several electrolytic cells, to increase the accuracy of monitoring the temperature of electrolytic cells, as a result of which the efficiency of the electric current increases, and the specific consumption of metallic magnesium decreases. The function of heating by alternating current: in the case of a cut-off of direct current, the electrolyte does not solidify. Temperatures of all electrolytic cells can be simultaneously displayed on one screen; concentrated control of the temperature of electrolytic cells is carried out using a computer.

Description of graphic materials

The following figures are attached to this unit for automatic temperature control of electrolyzers.

Fig 1 shows a diagram of the system design of this unit for automatic control of the temperature of the cells.

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a detailed system design of a given unit for automatically controlling the temperature of electrolytic cells, including circuitry of automatic control units of one electrolytic cell.

Including: 1. electrolyzer; 2. electrolyte; 3. prefabricated cell; 4. electrolytic cell; 5. AC electrode 600 kW; 6. cooling heat exchanger; 7. thermocouple; 8. 400 kW AC electrode; 9. AC power source; 10. single-phase transformer with a capacity of 600 kVA; 11. alternating current 600 kW; 12. single-phase transformer with a capacity of 400 kVA; 13. alternating current 400 kW; 14. centrifugal high pressure fan; 15. transformer control cabinet with a capacity of 600 kVA; 16. transformer control cabinet with a capacity of 400 kVA; 17. pipeline: 18. programmable controller; 19. computer.

Specific method of implementation

Further, the figure is verified by an embodiment and this unit is described for automatic control of the temperature of electrolyzers.

As Figures 1 and 2 show, this unit for automatically controlling the temperature of electrolytic cells includes a computer (19) and an automatic control unit for one electrolyzer, while the automatic control unit for one electrolytic cell includes an electrolyzer (1), an electrolyte (2), a collection cell (3), electrolytic cell (4), 600 kW alternating current electrode (5), cooling heat exchanger (6), thermocouple (7), 400 kW alternating current electrode (8), alternating current power source (9), single-phase transformer with power 600 kVA (10), p 600 kW alternating current (11), 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12), 400 kW alternating current (13), high-pressure centrifugal fan (14), 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15), 400 kVA transformer control cabinet ( 16), pipeline (17), programmable controller (18), computer (19). The specified thermocouple (7) is installed on the electrolyzer (1), its lower part is immersed in the electrolyte (2), and the thermocouple is electrically connected to the programmable controller (18); an 600 kW AC electrode (5) is electrically connected to a 600 kVA single-phase transformer (10); a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) is electrically connected to a 600 kVA single-phase transformer (10), a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) is electrically connected to an AC power source (9), a control input of a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet ( 15) is electrically connected to the processing output of the programmable controller (18); 400 kW alternating current electrode (8) is installed in the electrolyte of the assembly cell in the electrolyzer, 400 kW alternating current electrode (8) is electrically connected to a 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12); a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16) is electrically connected to a 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12), a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16) is electrically connected to an AC power source (9), a control input of a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet ( 16) is electrically connected to the processing output of the programmable controller (18); a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) is immersed in the electrolyte of the electrolyzer, its inlet is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) using a pipe (17), the pipe goes to the atmosphere; the control input of the centrifugal high-pressure fan (14) is connected to the processing output of the programmable controller (18), the output of the programmable controller (18) is electrically connected to the input of the computer (19), the processing output of the computer (19) is electrically connected to the processing input of the programmable controller (18) , the processing output of the programmable controller (18) is separately electrically connected to a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15), a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16), a centrifugal valve High pressure torus (14).

The specified programmable controller (18) is connected to several electrolyzers (1), thermocouples (7), a control cabinet for a transformer with a capacity of 600 kVA, a control cabinet for a transformer with a capacity of 400 kVA and a centrifugal high-pressure fan.

The specified 600 kVA transformer control cabinet, 400 kVA transformer control cabinet, and □ high-pressure centrifugal fan have on-site control functions.

You can turn on two AC electrodes at the same time in the collection cell and electrolytic cell, or turn on only one of them.

The cell temperature control limits are 651 ° ~ 659 °.

1 Example 1

The principle of application of the unit for this new applied utility model is as follows: there is an unit for automatically controlling the temperature of electrolyzers, including a computer (19) and an automatic control unit for one electrolyzer, while the automatic control unit for one electrolyzer includes an electrolyzer (1), an electrolyte ( 2), prefabricated cell (3), electrolytic cell (4), AC electrode 600 kW (5), cooling heat exchanger (6), thermocouple (7), AC electrode 400 kW (8), power supply per AC power (9), 600 kVA single-phase transformer (10), 600 kW alternating current (11), 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12), 400 kW alternating current (13), high-pressure centrifugal fan (14), control cabinet 600 kVA transformer (15), 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16), pipeline (17), programmable controller (18), computer (19). A 600 kW AC electrode (5) is connected to a 600 kVA single-phase transformer (10), a 600 kVA single-phase transformer (10) is connected to a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15). A 400 kW AC electrode (8) is connected to a 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12), a 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12) is connected to a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16). The cooling heat exchanger (6) is connected to a centrifugal high-pressure fan (14); a thermocouple (7), a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15), a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16) and a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) are separately connected to a programmable controller (18) and a computer (19). This is how the automatic temperature control unit of electrolyzers is arranged.

The specified transformer control cabinet with a capacity of 600 kVA (15), a transformer control cabinet with a capacity of 400 kVA (16) and a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) are equipped with an on-site control function; there is a manual control of the cell temperature.

The installed programmable controller (18) receives the temperature signal from the thermocouple (7), compares it with the standard temperature in the preliminary program, issues a command to control the switches of the 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15), the 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16) and start the centrifugal fan high pressure (14), regulates the temperature of the cell. Simultaneously exchanges information with a computer.

The installed computer (19) exchanges information with a programmable controller (18), changes the temperature control program, displays the temperature of the cell, records a history curve and prints a report.

As shown in FIG. 1, thermocouples (7) of several electrolytic cells, a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15), a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16), and a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) are separately connected to a computer (19).

As shown in figure 2, the electrolyte (1) stores the electrolyte (2) for production, the thermocouple (7) is immersed in the electrolyte (2), the 600 kW AC electrode (5) is installed in the collection cell (3) and immersed in the electrolyte ( 2), an 400 kW AC electrode (8) is installed in the electrolytic cell (3) and immersed in the electrolyte (2).

An AC power source (9) supplies current to a 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) and a 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16).

The high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) supplies the cooling air heat exchanger with a duct.

The thermocouple (7) transmits the temperature signal to the programmable controller (18), in the production environment the temperature of the electrolyte (2) in the electrolyzer (1) decreases to the lower limit, the programmable controller (18) emits a signal to turn on the 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) and 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16), AC power (9) enters the 600 kW AC electrode (5) and 400 kW AC electrode (8) through a 600 kVA single-phase transformer (15) and a single-phase power transformer 400 kVA (16). By conducting alternating current, the electrolyte heats up, and the temperature of the electrolyte rises, up to the maximum temperature, the programmable controller (18) issues a signal to turn off the 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) and the 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16). So the temperature of the electrolyte in the cell is maintained within normal limits.

If the temperature of the electrolyte in the electrolyzer rises to a maximum, the programmable controller (18) emits a start signal for the centrifugal high-pressure fan (14). Air enters the cooling heat exchanger (6) through the pipe (17). After heat exchange, the temperature of the electrolyte decreases to the minimum. The programmable controller (18) emits a signal to turn off the centrifugal high-pressure fan (14) and maintains the temperature of the electrolyte (2) in the electrolyzer (1) within normal limits.

In case of current cutoff or during repair, manual control of the 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15), 400 kVA transformer control cabinet (16) and high pressure centrifugal fan (14) in place, and the temperature of the electrolyte (2) in the electrolyzer ( 1) is kept within the normal range.

In the case of direct current cutoff, the programmable controller (18) controls the supply of electricity to the 600 kW alternating current electrode (5) and 400 kW alternating current electrode (6), thus maintaining the temperature of the electrolyte (2) in the electrolyzer (1), the electrolyte does not freeze.

You can simultaneously turn on the AC electrodes in the collection cell (3) and in the electrolytic cell (8) or turn on one of them.

A computer (19) receives a signal from a programmable controller (18), displays a temperature value, records a history curve, provides correction functions for a temperature control screen, and prints a report.

With the use of the unit for automatic control of the temperature of electrolytic cells, the limits of control of the temperature of the electrolyzer are reduced, amounting to 651 ° C ~ 659 ° C.

This unit for automatic control of the temperature of electrolyzers includes several nodes for automatic control of one electrolyzer.

Thanks to the application of this application unit for automatic control of the temperature of electrolyzers, the temperature of the electrolyzer is set and maintained within 651 ° C ~ 659 ° C, as a result, the current efficiency increases by approximately 11%, and the specific energy consumption is approximately reduced by 800 kWh / t - Mg.

Claims (6)

1. A unit for automatically controlling the temperature of the electrolyzer, which includes a collection cell (3) with an AC electrode installed in it, an electrolytic cell (4) with an AC electrode installed in it, a cooling heat exchanger (6), a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) pipe (17), while the cooling heat exchanger (6) is made with the possibility of immersion in the electrolyte (2) of the electrolyzer (1), and its input is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) using the pipe (17) containing a neighing computer (19) and an automatic temperature control unit for one electrolyzer containing a thermocouple (7), an AC power source (9), a programmable controller (18), two single-phase transformers, two transformer control cabinets, and a thermocouple (7) is installed on the electrolyzer (1) with the possibility of immersing its lower part in an electrolyte (2) and electrically connected to a programmable controller (18), each AC electrode is separately connected to an AC power source through one single phase a transformer and one transformer control cabinet, the outputs of the programmable controller (18) are electrically connected to the control input of the transformer control cabinet, the control input of a high-pressure centrifugal fan (14) and to the computer input (19), and the computer output (19) is electrically connected to the input programmable controller (18). 2. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic temperature control unit of one electrolyzer with two types of AC electrodes for 400 kW (8) and 600 kW (5) contains two types of single-phase transformers: 600 kVA (10) for forming AC 600 kW (11) and 400 kVA (12) for generating AC 400 kW (13) and two types of transformer control cabinets: 600 kVA (15) and 400 kVA (16), while the AC electrode is 600 kW (5 ) electrically connected to a single-phase transformer with a capacity of 600 kVA (10), a control cabinet for a transformer power 600 kVA (15) is electrically connected to a 600 kVA single-phase transformer (10), the 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) is electrically connected to an AC power source (9), the control input of the 600 kVA transformer control cabinet (15) is electrically connected to the output of the programmable controller (18), 400 kW AC electrode (8) is configured to install an electrolytic cell in the electrolyte, 400 kW AC electrode (8) is electrically connected to a single-phase transformer 400 kVA power transformer (12), a 400 kVA power transformer control cabinet (16) is electrically connected to a 400 kVA single-phase transformer (12), a 400 kVA power transformer control cabinet (16) is electrically connected to an AC power source (9), input control cabinet control transformer with a capacity of 400 kVA (16) is electrically connected to the output of the programmable controller (18). 3. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes several nodes for automatic control of one electrolyzer. 4. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that said control cabinet for a transformer with a capacity of 600 kVA, a control cabinet for a transformer with a capacity of 400 kVA and a centrifugal high-pressure fan have on-site control functions. 5. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the programmable controller (18) is configured to simultaneously turn on two electrodes of alternating current in the assembly cell and electrolytic cell or turn on only one of them 6. The unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the limits of temperature control of the electrolyzer are 651-659 ° C.

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