CN108658488B - 一种防辐射保温板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种防辐射保温板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108658488B
CN108658488B CN201810414334.1A CN201810414334A CN108658488B CN 108658488 B CN108658488 B CN 108658488B CN 201810414334 A CN201810414334 A CN 201810414334A CN 108658488 B CN108658488 B CN 108658488B
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宋俊芳
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种混凝土防辐射粗骨料，和含有该骨料的防辐射保温板及其制备方法，首先采用蛇纹石酸浸渣、赤泥和重晶石粉制备得到混凝土防辐射粗骨料，然后制备得到四层结构的防辐射保温板。该保温板具有保温，隔热，隔音，阻燃，轻质等性能。

Description

一种防辐射保温板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土领域，尤其涉及防辐射保温板。
背景技术
随着现代科技的高速发展，一种看不见、摸不着的污染源日益受到各界的关注，这就是被人们称为“隐形杀手”电磁辐射。今天，越来越多的电子、电气设备的投入使用使得各种频率的不同能量的电磁波充斥着地球的每一个角落乃至更加广阔的宇宙空间。对于人体这一良导体，电磁波不可避免地会构成一定程度的危害。
目前对于防辐射混凝土已经有了较多的研究，其研究重点仅仅在于防辐射性能方面，不能满足其他性能需要，例如保温，隔热，隔音，阻燃，轻质等性能，而且目前的防辐射混凝土价格较高，难以大规模应用。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供的一种混凝土防辐射粗骨料，由以下重量份的原料组成：
蛇纹石酸浸渣 100-130份；
赤泥 15-25份；
重晶石粉 10-23份。
上述混凝土防辐射粗骨料的制备方法，将蛇纹石酸浸渣、赤泥和重晶石粉充分混合后，经过造粒得到粒径为3-12mm的骨料坯体，然后将骨料坯体在水泥浆中浸泡5-10s后蒸压养护2h，再次在水泥浆中浸泡5-10s后自然养护48h后得到混凝土防辐射粗骨料。
一种防辐射保温板，包括四层结构，依次为底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层和防辐射涂料层；
所述底层混凝土层由以下重量份原料组成：
Figure BDA0001648939880000021
所述保温芯层由以下重量份原料组成：
秸秆纤维 100-200份；
重晶石粉 50-65份；
粘结剂 50-70份；
所述中层混凝土层由以下重量份原料组成：
Figure BDA0001648939880000022
所述防辐射涂料层由以下重量份原料组成：
Figure BDA0001648939880000023
依次设置底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层，待混凝土养护结束后喷涂防辐射涂料，即得防辐射保温板。
底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层、防辐射涂料层的厚度为10-20:5-8:10-20:0.5-0.8.
所述保温芯层的面积小于所述底层混凝土层的面积。
所述铁红为蛇纹石酸浸工艺得到的废弃铁红。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果主要体现在：
(1)混凝土层的粗骨料采用固体废弃物制备而成，其强度高达天然粗骨料的87-94％，符合再生粗骨料的应用要求，可以部分或全部代替天然骨料，其不仅价格低廉，而且还具有防辐射、质量轻、隔热隔音的性能。
(2)本发明混凝土防辐射粗骨料的主要成分为蛇纹石酸浸渣，蛇纹石为含镁废渣，经过酸浸提取有用组分镁之后，其主要成为为二氧化硅，且具有多孔结构，孔隙发达强度高，本发明创新地将具有防辐射性能的重晶石粉加入到蛇纹石酸浸渣中，进而吸附在其发达的孔隙结构中，并采用具有粘结作用和防辐射性能的废料赤泥，从而提高重晶石粉在蛇纹石酸浸渣中的吸附效果，从而进一步提高制备的混凝土防辐射粗骨料的强度。
(3)本发明将蛇纹石酸浸渣、重晶石粉和赤泥进行造粒后创造性地采用水泥浆进行包裹骨料坯体，并进行两段养护从而制备出高强度的再生粗骨料。
(4)本发明采用多个防辐射层，不同的防辐射层可以屏蔽多个波长范围的电磁波，其防辐射性能远高于目前市场的防辐射板材，而且由于采用多种废料，其价格十分低廉。
(5)本发明的防辐射保温板，除了具有防辐射性能外，还具有保温，隔热性能，首先混凝土防辐射粗骨料由于其内部孔隙结构，本身具有一定的隔热效果，其次保温芯层由两层混凝土相夹形成中空结构，其具有良好的隔音隔热效果。
(6)本发明的防辐射保温板，其保温芯层虽然为易燃材料，然而由于保温芯层由两层混凝土相夹形成中空结构不与外界相通，因此其具有良好的阻燃效果，相对于目前市场的阻燃保温层其价格低廉，相对于普通保温层来说其具有良好的阻燃效果，而且采用该保温板无需再设置保温层，直接将墙体材料与保温层合二为一，不仅成本低而且施工简单。
(7)本发明的防辐射涂料，不仅具有防辐射性能，而且钛白粉和铁红的混合其颜色较为美观，大大改善了防辐射保温板的混凝土色。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的内容做进一步的详细说明：
为了达到本发明的目的，以下结合实施例1-2对本发明作进一步的描述。
实施例1a
一种混凝土防辐射粗骨料，由以下重量份的原料组成：
蛇纹石酸浸渣 100份；
赤泥 20份；
重晶石粉 16份。
上述混凝土防辐射粗骨料的制备方法，将蛇纹石酸浸渣、赤泥和重晶石粉充分混合后，经过造粒得到粒径为5mm的骨料坯体，然后将骨料坯体在水泥浆中浸泡5s后蒸压养护2h，再次在水泥浆中浸泡5s后自然养护48h后得到混凝土防辐射粗骨料。
实施例1b
一种混凝土防辐射粗骨料，由以下重量份的原料组成：
蛇纹石酸浸渣 130份；
赤泥 25份；
重晶石粉 10份。
上述混凝土防辐射粗骨料的制备方法，将蛇纹石酸浸渣、赤泥和重晶石粉充分混合后，经过造粒得到粒径为10mm的骨料坯体，然后将骨料坯体在水泥浆中浸泡10s后蒸压养护2h，再次在水泥浆中浸泡10s后自然养护48h后得到混凝土防辐射粗骨料。
实施例1a和实施例1b的混凝土防辐射粗骨料其强度高达天然粗骨料的87-94％(相同粒径)。
实施例2
一种防辐射保温板，包括四层结构，依次为底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层和防辐射涂料层；
所述底层混凝土层由以下重量份原料组成：
Figure BDA0001648939880000051
所述保温芯层由以下重量份原料组成：
秸秆纤维 150份；
重晶石粉 65份；
粘结剂 60份；
所述中层混凝土层由以下重量份原料组成：
Figure BDA0001648939880000052
所述防辐射涂料层由以下重量份原料组成：
Figure BDA0001648939880000061
依次设置底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层，待混凝土养护结束后喷涂防辐射涂料，即得防辐射保温板。
底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层、防辐射涂料层的厚度为10:7:10:0.7。
所述保温芯层的面积小于所述底层混凝土层的面积。
实施例2所得防辐射保温板，其28d抗压强度为45.6MPa，导热系数为0.026W/(m·K)，对γ，X、中子射线均具有良好的屏蔽作用，其中γ，X、中子射线通过防辐射保温板的衰减率分别为56％、93％、88％。
虽然，上文中己经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种混凝土防辐射粗骨料，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料组成：
蛇纹石酸浸渣100-130份；
赤泥15-25份；
重晶石粉10-23份；
所述混凝土防辐射粗骨料的制备方法为，将蛇纹石酸浸渣、赤泥和重晶石粉充分混合后，经过造粒得到粒径为3-12mm的骨料坯体，然后将骨料坯体在水泥浆中浸泡5-10s后蒸压养护2h，再次在水泥浆中浸泡5-10s后自然养护48h后得到混凝土防辐射粗骨料。
2.一种利用权利要求1所述的混凝土防辐射粗骨料制成的防辐射保温板，其特征在于，包括四层结构，依次为底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层和防辐射涂料层；
所述底层混凝土层由以下重量份原料组成：
混凝土防辐射粗骨料150-230份；
石英砂230-350份；
硅酸盐水泥120-140份；
石膏50-80份；
钢纤维12-18份；
减水剂5-7.5份；
水105-120份；
所述保温芯层由以下重量份原料组成：
秸秆纤维100-200份；
重晶石粉50-65份；
粘结剂50-70份；
所述中层混凝土层由以下重量份原料组成：
混凝土防辐射粗骨料100-170份；
重晶石砂200-240份；
膨胀珍珠岩100-135份；
硅酸盐水泥140-200份；
粉煤灰50-70份；
钢纤维10-16份；
减水剂5-8份；
发泡剂8.5-11.5份；
稳泡剂2.5-5份；
水97-110份；
所述防辐射涂料层由以下重量份原料组成：
钛白粉10-20份；
铁红5-7份；
丙烯酸乳液23-56份；
水45-75份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防辐射保温板的制备方法，依次设置底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层，待混凝土养护结束后喷涂防辐射涂料，即得防辐射保温板。
4.根据权利要求3所述的防辐射保温板的制备方法，底层混凝土层，保温芯层，中层混凝土层、防辐射涂料层的厚度为10-20:5-8:10-20:0.5-0.8。
5.根据权利要求3所述的防辐射保温板的制备方法，所述保温芯层的面积小于所述底层混凝土层的面积。
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