CN108642907B - 一种控制人造革成雾性的方法 - Google Patents

一种控制人造革成雾性的方法 Download PDF

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CN108642907B
CN108642907B CN201810486873.6A CN201810486873A CN108642907B CN 108642907 B CN108642907 B CN 108642907B CN 201810486873 A CN201810486873 A CN 201810486873A CN 108642907 B CN108642907 B CN 108642907B
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赵建明
成峰
陆勤中
徐青
朱佳顺
朱继元
丁菊芳
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Kunshan Achilles New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种控制人造革成雾性的方法，所述方法包含以下步骤：1)高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量值≤8.0％；2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，70℃‑90℃条件下加热2‑6min；然后去除吸附剂；4)高温负压脱附。采用本发明，能显著降低人造革的成雾性。

Description

一种控制人造革成雾性的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及人造革领域，尤其涉及一种控制人造革成雾性的方法。
背景技术
在经济飞速发展的今天，人造革作为天然动物皮革的替代品，已经普及千家万户，用作人造革制备的传统树脂材料仍然主导着市场，由于其在高温下分解产生大量刺激性和易挥发性气体，严重危害人的身体健康、污染环境。
汽车内饰品中的挥发物质含量是影响汽车内部环境、行车视野的1个重要因素。在汽车内饰品的生产、功能改进等进程中，极可能会向其中引入小份子物质，而引入的这些物质具有挥发性，特别是汽车内部温度较高时，这些物质的挥发性更强。汽车内饰品中挥发出的小份子物质或漂浮在空气中，污染汽车内部的空气环境，被人吸入后危害人体健康，或凝结在汽车的车窗上，对行车视野产生不利影响，要挟行车安全。所以，如何降低汽车内饰件中的挥发物质含量是汽车行业普遍关心的问题。
通过对汽车内装饰材料进行雾化试验，评价内饰材料的性能，已经成为汽车及汽车内饰材料生产企业控制产品质量的一个重要手段。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种控制人造革成雾性的方法，使用该方法，可以显著降低车用人造革的成雾性。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案。
一种控制人造革成雾性的方法，其特征在于，所述方法由下列步骤组成：
1)高温负压脱附：取未经涂饰的人造革半成品，置于高温负压脱附装置中，在30℃-150℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量≤8.0％；
2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：将水性聚氨酯涂饰剂涂覆在经步骤1)处理过的人造革半成品上，固化；
所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂由下列质量份数的物质组成：水性聚氨酯树脂30-60份、氟硅树脂5-15份、聚二甲基硅氧烷0.2-1.5份、破乳剂1-5份、双环戊二烯二甲酸钠0.5-1.5份、纳米Ti025-15份、纳米活性炭0-15份、水性颜料0-15份、去离子水50-65份；
3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，70℃-90℃条件下加热2-6min；然后去除吸附剂；
4)高温负压脱附：取经步骤3)吸附过的人造革，置高温负压脱附装置中，在50℃-150℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附10-30min。
优选的，所述人造革为聚氨酯人造革或聚氯乙烯人造革。
优选的，所述的水性聚氨酯树脂为阴离子型聚氨酯树脂。
优选的，所述的破乳剂为摩尔比1：0.6的双乙酸钠-氯化二氨合锌混合物。
优选的，所述物理吸附剂选自多孔沸石、硅藻土、珍珠岩、活性炭中的一种或几种。
需要说明的是，本领域的技术人员无需付出创造性的劳动即可在现有技术中选定测定所述人造革半成品的挥发减量的方法，本说明书不予赘述。在下文实施例中，该测定方法为中华人民共和国轻工业标准QB/T4043-2010《汽车用聚氯乙烯人造革的方法》6.18节所记载的方法。
本发明的技术效果可以通过以下试验进行证明。
试验例人造革成雾性的测试
供试品：经下文实施例、对比例所记载方法处理过的人造革。
测试方法：采用中华人民共和国轻工业标准QB/T 5068-2017《人造革合成革试验方法成雾性的测定》中记载的“光学法”，分别对处理前、处理后、处理完并在室温日光条件下放置180天的人造革的成雾性进行测定。
试验结果：结果见表1，结果表明，采用本发明，能显著降低人造革中的成雾性。
表1人造革的成雾性测试
Figure BDA0001666935080000021
Figure BDA0001666935080000031
具体实施方式
为了更好的阐述技术方案，下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明所要求的保护范围不限于下列实施例。
实施例1
处理方法
1)高温负压脱附：取未经涂饰的PVC人造革半成品，置于高温负压脱附装置中，在60℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量≤8.0％；
2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：将水性聚氨酯涂饰剂涂覆在经步骤1)处理过的人造革半成品上，固化；
所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂由下列质量份数的物质组成：水性聚氨酯树脂50份、氟硅树脂10份、聚二甲基硅氧烷1份、破乳剂3份、双环戊二烯二甲酸钠1份、纳米Ti0210份、纳米活性炭10份、水性颜料5份、去离子水60份；
3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，85℃条件下加热3min；然后去除吸附剂；
4)高温负压脱附：取经步骤3)吸附过的人造革，置高温负压脱附装置中，在60℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附20min。
所述的水性聚氨酯树脂为阴离子型聚氨酯树脂。
所述的破乳剂为摩尔比1：0.6的双乙酸钠-氯化二氨合锌混合物。
所述物理吸附剂选为硅藻土和活性炭中的混合物。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，结果表明，采用本发明，可以显著降低人造革的成雾性。
实施例2
处理方法
除所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂中不含纳米活性炭外，余同实施例1。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，结果表明，采用本发明，可以显著降低人造革的成雾性。
对比例1-1
处理方法
除所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂中不含纳米Ti02外，余同实施例1。
对比例1-2
处理方法
除所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂中不含纳米Ti02和纳米活性炭外，余同实施例1。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，综合对比例1-1、1-2和实施例1、2的测试结果，可以看出，在涂饰剂中混合使用纳米活性炭和纳米，可以使人造革的成雾性显著降低，其机理有待进一步的研究。
实施例3
处理方法
1)高温负压脱附：取未经涂饰的PU人造革半成品，置于高温负压脱附装置中，在85℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量≤8.0％；
2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：将水性聚氨酯涂饰剂涂覆在经步骤1)处理过的人造革半成品上，固化；
所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂由下列质量份数的物质组成：水性聚氨酯树脂50份、氟硅树脂8份、聚二甲基硅氧烷1份、破乳剂3份、双环戊二烯二甲酸钠0.9份、纳米Ti028份、纳米活性炭8份、水性颜料2份、去离子水55份；
3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，85℃条件下加热3min；然后去除吸附剂；
4)高温负压脱附：取经步骤3)吸附过的人造革，置高温负压脱附装置中，在85℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附20min。
所述的水性聚氨酯树脂为阴离子型聚氨酯树脂。
所述的破乳剂为摩尔比1：0.6的双乙酸钠-氯化二氨合锌混合物。
所述物理吸附剂为等质量比的珍珠岩和活性炭混合物。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，结果表明，采用本发明，可以显著降低人造革的成雾性。
实施例4
处理方法
除所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂中不含纳米活性炭外，余同实施例3。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，结果表明，采用本发明，可以显著降低人造革的成雾性。
对比例1-1
处理方法
除所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂中不含纳米Ti02外，余同实施例3。
对比例1-2
处理方法
除所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂中不含纳米Ti02和纳米活性炭外，余同实施例3。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，综合对比例2-1、2-2和实施例3、4的试验结果，可以看出，在涂饰剂中混合使用纳米活性炭和纳米，可以使人造革的成雾性显著降低，其机理有待进一步的研究。
实施例5
处理方法
1)高温负压脱附：取未经涂饰的PVC人造革半成品，置于高温负压脱附装置中，在30℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量≤8.0％；
2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：将水性聚氨酯涂饰剂涂覆在经步骤1)处理过的人造革半成品上，固化；
所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂由下列质量份数的物质组成：水性聚氨酯树脂30份、氟硅树脂5份、聚二甲基硅氧烷0.2、破乳剂1份、双环戊二烯二甲酸钠0.5份、纳米Ti025份、去离子水50份；
3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，70℃条件下加热2min；然后去除吸附剂；
4)高温负压脱附：取经步骤3)吸附过的人造革，置高温负压脱附装置中，在50℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附10min。
所述的水性聚氨酯树脂为阴离子型聚氨酯树脂。
所述的破乳剂为摩尔比1：0.6的双乙酸钠-氯化二氨合锌混合物。
所述物理吸附剂为多孔沸石。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，结果表明，采用本发明，可以显著降低人造革的成雾性。
实施例6
处理方法
1)高温负压脱附：取未经涂饰的PU人造革半成品，置于高温负压脱附装置中，在150℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量≤8.0％；
2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：将水性聚氨酯涂饰剂涂覆在经步骤1)处理过的人造革半成品上，固化；
所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂由下列质量份数的物质组成：水性聚氨酯树脂60份、氟硅树脂15份、聚二甲基硅氧烷1.5份、破乳剂5份、双环戊二烯二甲酸钠1.5份、纳米Ti0215份、纳米活性炭15份、水性颜料15份、去离子水65份；
3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，90℃条件下加热6min；然后去除吸附剂；
4)高温负压脱附：取经步骤3)吸附过的人造革，置高温负压脱附装置中，在150℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附30min。
所述的水性聚氨酯树脂为阴离子型聚氨酯树脂。
所述的破乳剂为摩尔比1：0.6的双乙酸钠-氯化二氨合锌混合物。
所述物理吸附剂为等质量比的硅藻土、珍珠岩混合物。
性能测试
测试结果见试验例，结果表明，采用本发明，可以显著降低人造革的成雾性。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据技术方案及发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种控制人造革成雾性的方法，其特征在于，所述方法由下列步骤组成：
1)高温负压脱附：取未经涂饰的人造革半成品，置于高温负压脱附装置中，在30℃-150℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附，使得所述人造革半成品的挥发减量值≤8.0％；
2)水性聚氨酯涂饰：将水性聚氨酯涂饰剂涂覆在经步骤1)处理过的人造革半成品上，固化；
所述水性聚氨酯涂饰剂由下列质量份数的物质组成：水性聚氨酯树脂30-60份、氟硅树脂5-15份、聚二甲基硅氧烷0.2-1.5份、破乳剂1-5份、双环戊二烯二甲酸钠0.5-1.5份、纳米Ti025-15份、纳米活性炭8-15份、水性颜料0-15份、去离子水50-65份；
3)吸附剂涂覆：取经步骤2)涂饰的人造革，表面涂覆物理吸附剂，70℃-90℃条件下加热2-6min；然后去除吸附剂；
4)高温负压脱附：取经步骤3)吸附过的人造革，置高温负压脱附装置中，在50℃-150℃的条件下进行高温负压脱附10-30min；
水性聚氨酯树脂为阴离子型聚氨酯树脂；
破乳剂为摩尔比1：0.6的双乙酸钠-氯化二氨合锌混合物；
物理吸附剂选自多孔沸石、硅藻土、珍珠岩、活性炭中的一种或几种。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种控制人造革成雾性的方法，其特征在于，所述人造革为聚氨酯人造革或聚氯乙烯人造革。
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