CN108623815B - 一种镉基金属有机框架材料的制备方法及其在离子识别中的应用 - Google Patents

一种镉基金属有机框架材料的制备方法及其在离子识别中的应用 Download PDF

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CN108623815B
CN108623815B CN201810644601.4A CN201810644601A CN108623815B CN 108623815 B CN108623815 B CN 108623815B CN 201810644601 A CN201810644601 A CN 201810644601A CN 108623815 B CN108623815 B CN 108623815B
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赵君
于丽
胡长江
李东升
董文文
吴亚盘
张其春
卜贤辉
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于镉基金属有机框架材料的制备方法以及在离子识别中的应用。该方法以硝酸镉、5‑(3‑(4‑四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸(H3L)、DMA以及水在溶剂热合成条件下制得无色透明条状晶体,分子式为[Cd23‑OH)(L)(H2O)2]n。该化合物属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c,具有很高的水稳定性,并且通过其荧光淬灭程度能在多种常见不同阳离子的水溶液中选择性识别出Cu2+离子,其检出限可达到6.63×10‑7M,能够作为荧光探针材料应用于水体中金属离子的分析检测领域,并且可重复利用,具有广阔的应用前景。

Description

一种镉基金属有机框架材料的制备方法及其在离子识别中的 应用
技术领域
本发明属于新型荧光检测材料的合成与应用技术领域,具体涉及一种以过渡金属镉为金属中心、5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸(H3L)为配体构筑的金属有机框架材料的制备方法,以及该化合物在水体中对铜离子的选择性识别。
背景技术
近年来,过渡金属离子在环境和生命科学中发挥着重要的作用,在常见的过渡金属离子中,铜离子作为人体中含量处于第三位的过渡金属离子,在生物进程中扮演重要的角色。然而,当铜离子在人体中过量时则会使细胞受损和坏死,导致脏器功能损伤从而引起神经退化性疾病,例如阿尔茨海默病、威尔逊氏病、门克斯扭结发综合征、朊病毒疾病。由于工业化进程的发展,铜成为重要的环境污染物之一,因此,快速便捷、高灵敏度、高选择性地检测铜离子的材料成为当今分析化学、生命科学、环境科学等领域的研究热点之一。
目前,测定铜离子的方法主要有分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法、电化学法和荧光法等。与其它分析检测技术相比,荧光法以其成本低廉,受外界干扰小,动态响应范围宽以及操作简单等优点得到广泛的应用。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)作为一种多孔无机/有机杂化材料在气体吸附/存储与分离、离子检测和识别传感等领域具有潜在的应用,因而引起了广大科学工作者的关注。一方面,MOFs材料具有可设计、可修饰和可调控的孔道/孔洞结构以及可功能化的孔道/孔洞表面,从而可以实现对特定离子或分子的识别;另一方面,MOFs材料的荧光识别与传感具有样品用量少、分析速度快、灵敏度高、选择性好、操作简单、可实时检测等特点。正是MOFs材料具备的上述有利条件,我们利用溶剂热方法以硝酸镉、5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸(H3L)、DMA以及水作为原料得到无色透明条状晶体材料。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种以5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸(H3L)为配体与金属镉形成的金属有机框架材料的合成方法以及在荧光识别铜离子方面的应用。
本发明的目的是合成一种镉基金属有机框架荧光检测材料,该金属有机框架材料的制备包括以下步骤:
(1)取四水合硝酸镉、5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸(H3L)、二甲基乙酰胺和水于容器中,超声分散均匀;
(2)将上述步骤(1)所得到的均匀混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,在恒温烘箱中进行溶剂热反应,然后缓慢降至室温,可得无色透明条状晶体可表示为Cd-MOF材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的无色透明条状晶体用水清洗干净,并在80℃下干燥,即得到所述的镉基金属有机框架材料。
所述的步骤(1)中所述的四水合硝酸镉与5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸的摩尔比为1:0.8-1.5(优选为1:1),DMA与水的体积比为2:0.5-1.5(优选为2:1);步骤(2)中溶剂热反应温度为100-140℃,反应时间为20-28h,降温时间为8-15h(优选为溶剂热反应温度为120℃,反应时间为24h,降温时间为10h)。
该镉基金属有机框架荧光检测材料属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c,中心离子Cd2+采取六配位模式,最小不对称单元包含两个Cd2+,一个L3-,两个配位水分子和一个μ3-OH基团,该材料的内部结构为三维多孔结构(见图1、2所示)晶胞参数为:
Figure BDA0001703204030000021
α=90°,β=104.831(4),γ=90°。
本发明所制备的Cd-MOFs材料在常温常压下用紫外光激发可展示出良好的荧光发射性能,例如用257纳米波长的光激发该材料可以发出357nm的光谱(见图3所示)。
本发明所涉及的利用荧光法检测金属离子的方法为:将制备得到的Cd-MOF材料(5mg)加入到含有M(NO3)X的混合水溶液中,其中M包括K+,Na+,Al3+,Mg2+,Mn2+,Zn2+,Cd2+,Ni2 +,Hg2+,Co2+,In3+,Pb2+,Ag+,Fe2+,Fe3+,Cu2+(X=1,2,3),超声震荡30分钟,悬浮液移入4mL四面通透的石英比色皿中,在荧光光度分析仪上测试荧光强度。所述的M(NO3)X的混合水溶液中,各阳离子浓度为0.2mmol/L。本发明具有以下优点:
1)本发明所制备的产物结构式为[Cd23-OH)(L)(H2O)2]n,其制备方法相对简单,产率高。
2)本发明所制备的晶态材料为无色透明条状晶体,重现性好且纯度高。
3)本发明所用原料相对廉价易得,所用设备均为实验室常用设备,工艺流程简单。
附图说明
图1为实施例1所制备Cd-MOF材料的配位环境图。
图2为实施例1所制备的Cd-MOF材料的三维结构图。
图3为实施例1所制备的Cd-MOF材料的固体荧光谱图,左边为激发谱图,右边为发射谱图。
图4(a)为实施例1所制备的Cd-MOF材料在不同阳离子的水溶液中的荧光发射谱图(从上到下依次为纯水、Na+、K+、Mg2+、Mn2+、Zn2+、Cd2+、Ni2+、Hg2+、Co2+、In3+、Pb2+、Al3+、Ag+、Fe2 +、Fe3+、Cu2+溶液),图4(b)为荧光发射强度的对比图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
取5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸0.05mmol,四水合硝酸镉0.05mmol放入烧杯中,并向其中加入DMA(2mL),H2O(1mL),并置于超声机中超声均匀。将上述制得的均匀溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜中并放入100℃的恒温烘箱中反应24h,然后用10h降至室温得到无色透明条状晶体,并用水将材料洗涤干净后放入80℃干燥箱烘干即得本发明的Cd-MOF材料。
该镉基金属有机框架荧光检测材料属于单斜晶系,空间群为P21/c,中心离子Cd2+采取六配位模式,最小不对称单元包含两个Cd2+,一个L3-,两个配位水分子和一个μ3-OH基团,该材料的内部结构为三维多孔结构(见图1、2所示)晶胞参数为:
Figure BDA0001703204030000031
α=90°,β=104.831(4),γ=90°。
本发明所制备的Cd-MOFs材料在常温常压下用紫外光激发可展示出良好的荧光发射性能,例如用257纳米波长的光激发该材料可以发出357nm的光谱(见图3所示)。
实施例2
取5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸0.05mmol,四水合硝酸铜0.05mmol放入烧杯中,并向其中加入DMA(2mL),H2O(1mL),并置于超声机中超声均匀。将上述制得的均匀溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜中并放入120℃的恒温烘箱中反应24h,然后用10h降至室温得到无色透明条状晶体,并用水将材料洗涤干净后放入80℃干燥箱烘干即得本发明的Cd-MOF材料。
实施例3
取5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸0.05mmol,四水合硝酸铜0.05mmol放入烧杯中,并向其中加入DMA(2mL),H2O(1mL),并置于超声机中超声均匀。将上述制得的均匀溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜中并放入140℃的恒温烘箱中反应24h,然后用10h降至室温得到无色透明条状晶体,并用水将材料洗涤干净后放入80℃干燥箱烘干即得本发明的Cd-MOF材料。
实施例4
将合成的Cd-MOF材料5mg,加入到10ml的含有已选定的不同阳离子浓度为0.2mmol/L的水溶液体系中,室温超声震荡30min后取出,装入4ml四面通透的比色皿中,在荧光光谱仪上测试其荧光强度,在相同条件下,铜离子对该材料的荧光发射具有最大的淬灭效应,可通过荧光淬灭现象选择性地识别铜离子(见图4所示)。
上述的实施例仅为本发明的优选技术方案,而不应视为对于本发明的限制,本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征在不冲突的情况下,可以相互任意组合。任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明的思想和原则之内可轻易想到的变化,替换和改进都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种Cd-MOF金属有机框架材料在水体中铜离子选择性识别上的应用,其特征在于,该材料的结构式为[Cd23-OH)(L)(H2O)2] n ,空间群为P21/c,中心离子Cd2+采取六配位模式,最小不对称单元包含两个Cd2+,一个L3-,两个配位水分子和一个μ3-OH基团,该材料的内部结构为三维多孔结构,该材料属于单斜晶系的晶态材料,空间群为P21/c,晶胞参数为:a=17.3052(6)Å,b=7.2947(3) Å,c=20.4716(9)Å,α=90°,β=104.831(4) °,γ =90°。
2.根据权利要求1所述的Cd-MOF金属有机框架材料在水体中铜离子选择性识别上的应用,其特征在于,Cd-MOF金属有机框架材料的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)取四水合硝酸镉、5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸H3L、二甲基乙酰胺和水于容器中,超声分散均匀;
(2)将上述步骤(1)所得到的均匀混合溶液转移至聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,在恒温烘箱中进行溶剂热反应,然后缓慢降至室温,可得无色透明条状晶体可表示为Cd-MOF材料;
(3)将步骤(2)得到的无色透明条状晶体用水清洗干净,并在80℃下干燥,即得到Cd-MOF金属有机框架材料。
3.根据权利要求2所述的Cd-MOF金属有机框架材料在水体中铜离子选择性识别上的应用,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述的四水合硝酸镉与5-(3-(4-四唑基)苯基)间苯二甲酸的摩尔比为1:0.8-1.5,DMA与水的体积比为2:0.5-1.5;步骤(2)中溶剂热反应温度为100-140℃,反应时间为20-28h,降温时间为8-15h。
4.根据权利要求1所述的Cd-MOF金属有机框架材料在水体中铜离子选择性识别上的应用,其特征在于,所述的水体为阳离子浓度至少为0.2mmol/L的硝酸盐水溶液,即M(NO3)X的水溶液,所述的M包括K+, Na+, Al3+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+, Hg2+, Co2+, In3+, Pb2 +, Ag+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Cu2+中的任意一种或多种,其中,X=1, 2, 3。
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