CN108623781A - 一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺 - Google Patents

一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺 Download PDF

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CN108623781A
CN108623781A CN201810481348.5A CN201810481348A CN108623781A CN 108623781 A CN108623781 A CN 108623781A CN 201810481348 A CN201810481348 A CN 201810481348A CN 108623781 A CN108623781 A CN 108623781A
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石鹏杰
王家兵
韩雨桐
黄敏
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Nanjing New Materials Co Ltd Kerry Kerry
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Abstract

本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,特别涉及一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,包括以下步骤,步骤1,向聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2‑四苯基乙二醇混合体系中,加入催化剂和溶剂反应;步骤2,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖混合均匀后,加入步骤1制得的混合物中,在78‑83℃条件下反应;步骤3,向步骤2制得的混合体系中加入三乙胺‑二氯甲烷络合物,维持0.5小时;步骤4,向水‑二甘醇混合溶液中加入步骤3制得的混合体系,继续搅拌制得水性聚氨酯乳液;本发明在原料中引入1,1,2,2‑四苯基乙二醇,并在第2步骤中加入羧甲基壳聚糖,在温和的反应条件下,制成了高温定性的水性聚氨酯,反应过程中采用的有机溶剂少,污染小。

Description

一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域,特别涉及一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺。
背景技术
水性聚氨酯是以水代替有机溶剂作为分散介质的新型聚氨酯体系,也称水分散聚氨酯、水系聚氨酯或水基聚氨酯。水性聚氨酯以水为溶剂,无污染、安全可靠、机械性能优良、相容性好、易于改性等优点。
中国专利CN201410626838.1公开了一种水性聚氨酯合成工艺,该方法先使伯胺或二仲胺与环氧乙烷聚合反应,经加入质子酸中和,再滴入二异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯反应,合成聚氨酯预聚物,最后将聚氨酯预聚物分散到水与疏水性多羟基化合物或疏水性多胺基化合物的混合分散液中强搅拌,制成聚氨酯水分散液。该方法既克服了丙酮法等工艺需耗用大量有机溶剂、浪费能源等弊病,又克服了预聚物混合法对原料的限制,无需复杂的设备,反应操作步骤简单易行;但该聚氨酯水分散液稳定性不高,易分层。
发明内容
本发明解决现有技术中存在的上述技术问题,提供一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺。
为解决上述问题,本发明的技术方案如下:
一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,包括以下步骤,
步骤1,将聚多元醇加热至70-75℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇,加入催化剂和溶剂在95-100℃条件下反应1-1.5小时;所述聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇的摩尔比为1:6.5:3.4-4.2;
步骤2,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖混合均匀后,加入步骤1制得的混合物中,在78-83℃条件下反应3小时,降温至30℃;所述乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的加入摩尔量之和与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;
步骤3,向步骤2制得的混合体系中加入三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物,维持0.5小时;所述三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的加入摩尔量与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;
步骤4,将水与二甘醇按照100:2.3的质量比混合均匀后,制成水-二甘醇混合溶液,在高速搅拌条件下,将步骤3制得的混合体系加入所述水-二甘醇混合溶液中,继续搅拌1小时以上,制得水性聚氨酯乳液;其中水-二甘醇混合溶液的加入质量为步骤1所述聚多元醇的8-10倍。
优选地,步骤1所述催化剂为月桂酸二丁基锡。
优选地,步骤1所述溶剂为丙酮。
优选地,步骤1所述催化剂的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的0.00015%-0.00020%。
优选地,步骤1所述溶剂的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的的2.5-3.5倍。
优选地,步骤2所述乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的摩尔比为2:3.5;
优选地,步骤3所述三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的制备方法为:在室温条件下,将三乙胺与二氯甲烷按照摩尔量1:1的比例混合。
相对于现有技术,本发明的优点如下,
本发明水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,在原料中引入1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇,并在第2步骤中加入羧甲基壳聚糖,在温和的反应条件下,制成了高温定性的水性聚氨酯,反应过程中采用的有机溶剂少,污染小。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,包括以下步骤,
步骤1,将聚多元醇加热至70-75℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇,加入月桂酸二丁基锡和丙酮在95-100℃条件下反应1-1.5小时;所述聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇的摩尔比为1:6.5:3.4;其中,月桂酸二丁基锡的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的0.00015%;丙酮的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的的2.5倍;
步骤2,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖混合均匀后,加入步骤1制得的混合物中,在78-83℃条件下反应3小时,降温至30℃;所述乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的加入摩尔量之和与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;其中,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的摩尔比为2:3.5;
步骤3,向步骤2制得的混合体系中加入三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物,维持0.5小时;所述三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的加入摩尔量与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;其中三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的制备方法为:在室温条件下,将三乙胺与二氯甲烷按照摩尔量1:1的比例混合;
步骤4,将水与二甘醇按照100:2.3的质量比混合均匀后,制成水-二甘醇混合溶液,在高速搅拌条件下,将步骤3制得的混合体系加入所述水-二甘醇混合溶液中,继续搅拌1小时以上,制得水性聚氨酯乳液;其中水-二甘醇混合溶液的加入质量为步骤1所述聚多元醇的8-10倍。
制得的水性聚氨酯在室温密闭条件下,可稳定存在18个月。
实施例2:
一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,包括以下步骤,
步骤1,将聚多元醇加热至70-75℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇,加入月桂酸二丁基锡和丙酮在95-100℃条件下反应1-1.5小时;所述聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇的摩尔比为1:6.5:4.2;其中,月桂酸二丁基锡的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的0.00020%;丙酮的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的的3.5倍;
步骤2,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖混合均匀后,加入步骤1制得的混合物中,在78-83℃条件下反应3小时,降温至30℃;所述乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的加入摩尔量之和与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;其中,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的摩尔比为2:3.5;
步骤3,向步骤2制得的混合体系中加入三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物,维持0.5小时;所述三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的加入摩尔量与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;其中三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的制备方法为:在室温条件下,将三乙胺与二氯甲烷按照摩尔量1:1的比例混合;
步骤4,将水与二甘醇按照100:2.3的质量比混合均匀后,制成水-二甘醇混合溶液,在高速搅拌条件下,将步骤3制得的混合体系加入所述水-二甘醇混合溶液中,继续搅拌1小时以上,制得水性聚氨酯乳液;其中水-二甘醇混合溶液的加入质量为步骤1所述聚多元醇的8-10倍。
制得的水性聚氨酯在室温密闭条件下,可稳定存在18个月。
对比例1:
水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,步骤同实施例2,区别仅在于,步骤1不加入1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇,制得的水性聚氨酯在室温密闭条件下,可稳定存在6个月。
对比例2:
水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,步骤同实施例2,区别仅在于,步骤2不加入羧甲基壳聚糖,制得的水性聚氨酯在室温密闭条件下,可稳定存在6个月。
需要说明的是上述实施例仅仅是本发明的较佳实施例,并没有用来限定本发明的保护范围,在上述基础上做出的等同替换或者替代均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤,
步骤1,将聚多元醇加热至70-75℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇,加入催化剂和溶剂在95-100℃条件下反应1-1.5小时;所述聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇的摩尔比为1:6.5:3.4-4.2;
步骤2,乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖混合均匀后,加入步骤1制得的混合物中,在78-83℃条件下反应3小时,降温至30℃;所述乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的加入摩尔量之和与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;
步骤3,向步骤2制得的混合体系中加入三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物,维持0.5小时;所述三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的加入摩尔量与步骤1所述聚多元醇的加入摩尔量相同;
步骤4,将水与二甘醇按照100:2.3的质量比混合均匀后,制成水-二甘醇混合溶液,在高速搅拌条件下,将步骤3制得的混合体系加入所述水-二甘醇混合溶液中,继续搅拌1小时以上,制得水性聚氨酯乳液;其中水-二甘醇混合溶液的加入质量为步骤1所述聚多元醇的8-10倍。
2.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,步骤1所述催化剂为月桂酸二丁基锡。
3.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,步骤1所述溶剂为丙酮。
4.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,步骤1所述催化剂的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的0.00015%-0.00020%。
5.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,步骤1所述溶剂的加入量为聚多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和1,1,2,2-四苯基乙二醇总质量的的2.5-3.5倍。
6.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,步骤2所述乙二醇、羧甲基壳聚糖的摩尔比为2:3.5。
7.如权利要求1所述的水性聚氨酯的合成工艺,其特征在于,步骤3所述三乙胺-二氯甲烷络合物的制备方法为:在室温条件下,将三乙胺与二氯甲烷按照摩尔量1:1的比例混合。
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN109810451A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-28 青岛科凯达橡塑有限公司 一种水溶橡胶及其制备方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109810451A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-28 青岛科凯达橡塑有限公司 一种水溶橡胶及其制备方法
CN109810451B (zh) * 2018-12-29 2021-10-22 青岛科凯达橡塑有限公司 一种水溶橡胶及其制备方法

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