CN108623246A - Frost-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Frost-resistant concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108623246A CN108623246A CN201710183310.5A CN201710183310A CN108623246A CN 108623246 A CN108623246 A CN 108623246A CN 201710183310 A CN201710183310 A CN 201710183310A CN 108623246 A CN108623246 A CN 108623246A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of frost-resistant concretes, including the component indicated below with parts by weight：275 285 parts of cement；30 40 parts of miberal powder；30 40 parts of flyash；735 740 parts of sand；1,100 1110 parts of stone；89 parts of additive；40 45 parts of swelling agent；145 150 parts of water；Additive includes that weight ratio is 2:5:4 vermiculite, polysiloxanes binder and water-reducing agent.Swelling agent is added and is grafted with the water-reducing agent of fiber, reduces the crack that concrete is generated due to the temperature difference.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of frost-resistant concretes and preparation method thereof that severe cold areas uses.
Background technology
China has most area to belong to ice box, also has higher requirement for the anti-freezing property of building.It is conventional
Concrete under the conditions of high and cold, extreme difference in temperature, concrete is inside and outside shrink it is inconsistent cause inside concrete stress to increase, generate
Crack.
In order to improve the anti-freezing property of mixed mud, swelling agent is usually added in concrete, is fixed against swelling agent expansion
Performance offsets concrete due to shrinking the crack generated.But in the concrete curing later stage, in severe cold area due to internal-external temperature difference
Larger, inside concrete still will produce fine cracks, and with constantly freezing and melt, internal crack gradually increases, and influences whole
Body concrete constructs the intensity of building.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of frost-resistant concretes and preparation method thereof, and swelling agent is added and is grafted with fiber
Water-reducing agent, reduce the crack that is generated due to the temperature difference of concrete.
The present invention above-mentioned purpose technical scheme is that：A kind of frost-resistant concrete, including it is following
The component indicated with parts by weight：275-285 parts of cement；30-40 parts of miberal powder；30-40 parts of flyash；735-740 parts of sand；Stone
It is 1100-1110 parts sub-；8-9 parts of additive；40-45 parts of swelling agent；145-150 parts of water；Additive includes that weight ratio is 2:5:4
Vermiculite, polysiloxanes binder and water-reducing agent.
Using above technical scheme, sand and the stone overlap joint skeleton basic as concrete, and the amount of stone is bigger than normal,
Sand is filled between the gap of stone, and the basic overlap joint skeleton to form concrete is constituted with stone.Cement, miberal powder, flyash
It being dissolved in water and forms sticky slurry later, slurry is wrapped in the cementation between the external enhancing overlap joint skeleton of overlap joint skeleton,
And then improve the intensity of concrete basic framework.Swelling agent is added in concrete, in concrete hydration process early period, is occurred
Microdilatancy is played the role of compensation and is shunk, prevents mixed mud contraction fissure.
In addition, additive includes vermiculite, polysiloxanes binder and water-reducing agent.Vermiculite specific surface area is larger, it is adsorbable compared with
More water.Polysiloxanes binder can improve the adhesive property between concrete overlap joint skeleton and slurry, and in concrete
The water-reducing agent of addition can be further reduced the dosage of water, increase the adhesion strength between overlap joint skeleton.
Further, it is 1 that water-reducing agent, which includes weight ratio,:1 chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent.
Using above technical scheme, used using chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent compounding as water-reducing agent.
Wherein chitosan composite fiber has very strong water retention property and adhesive property.Chitosan composite fiber is filled in concrete
Between overlapping aggregate, the adhesion strength of concrete entirety can be improved, during mixed mud freeze thawing, can stop that crack is expanded
.Its crosslinked network-like structure has good water-absorbing-retaining ability, prevents mixed mud isolation layering.Chitosan and acrylic acid
Water-reducing agent is compound, in concrete other aggregates and slurry mix when, be filled in the interfacial transition zone of stone and sand, shell
Glycan and acrylic acid water-reducing agent form network-like aquation structure, and concrete is more closely knit.
Further, the viscosity of polysiloxanes binder is 80mPas.
Using above technical scheme, using the polysiloxanes binder that viscosity is 80mPas, with taking in concrete
Between synthetism material there is good adhesive property, if viscosity is too high, not allow if viscosity is too low cannot to play good cementation
Easily it is dispersed in water.
Further, stone uses the stone that grain size is 5-25mm continuous gradings.
Further, sand uses the areas II nature medium sand.
Further, flyash uses II grades of flyash of F classes.
Using above technical scheme, using the stone of 5-25mm continuous gradings as basic overlap joint skeleton, cobble-stone diameter
Of different sizes, the smaller stone of particle is filled between the stone of greater particle size, is integrally formed the concrete of different overlap joint levels
Skeleton.The areas II nature medium sand grain size is smaller, is filled between the gap of stone, further enhances the intensity of overlap joint skeleton.F classes II
Grade pulverized burned coal ash hydration heat is relatively low, and wherein contains a large amount of active silica and aluminium oxide, keeps hydrated cementitious more abundant.
Further, since active silica and alumina particle are smaller, it is filled between cement granules, the closely knit of concrete can be improved
Degree.
Preferably, a kind of frost-resistant concrete, including the component that is indicated below with parts by weight：280 parts of cement；Miberal powder 35
Part；35 parts of flyash；737 parts of sand；1105 parts of stone；8.6 parts of additive；43 parts of swelling agent；147 parts of water.
By many experiments, using concrete made from the proportioning its with good pressure-proof and snap-resistent performance, and pass through
After multiple circulating freezing resistance, loss of strength is smaller.
Further, a kind of preparation method of frost-resistant concrete, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Polysiloxanes binder, which is dissolved in 1/3 water, forms polysiloxane solution, and vermiculite is added in polysiloxane solution
It stirs evenly；
Step 2：Chitosan composite fiber by chitosan with it is acrylic acid-grafted polymerize be made；
Step 3：Sand, stone import respective former material feed bin and are homogenized in advance；
Step 4：Other 2/3 water is heated to 35 DEG C, chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid diminishing are added under stirring
Agent is to being completely dissolved；
Step 5：Sand, stone are put into forced stirrer, and polysiloxane solution stirring 2min is added；
Step 6：Cement, miberal powder, flyash, swelling agent and water-reducing agent are added in forced stirrer and stirs 5min.
Using above technical scheme, polysiloxanes binder and vermiculite are stirred evenly in advance, vermiculite specific surface is larger, can
To adsorb a large amount of polysiloxanes binder, in later stage whipping process, vermiculite and polysiloxanes binder can in concrete
Unclassified stores be uniformly mixed.After sand and stone in advance homogenizing processing, the surface rubs mutually of sand and stone is formed newly
Section, be easy to mix with slurry, and adhesion strength is stronger.
When preparing concrete, it is equal that polysiloxane solution stirring is added in the sand of constructing concrete skeleton and stone in advance
Even, a strata siloxane solution is uniformly wrapped up on the surface of sand and stone.And then with cement, miberal powder, flyash, swelling agent
It is stirred with water-reducing agent, forms finely dispersed concrete system, pass through polysiloxane solution between slurry and sand, stone
Bonding, package more consolidation.
Further, the preparation method of chitosan composite fiber includes：
S1, chitosan handle 10min in 40% hydrogen peroxide in advance；
The mass ratio of S2, acrylic monomers and chitosan are 2.5:1, acrylic monomers is placed on the 65 DEG C of processing of 100mL glacial acetic acid
Ammonium persulfate is added dropwise with the speed of 1 drop/s in 30min, and the quality of ammonium persulfate is acrylic monomers and chitosan mass summation
Acrylic acid is added dropwise after 4%, 10min again, chitosan composite fiber is made, adjusts pH=5-6.
Preferably, the relative molecular mass of chitosan is 400,000.
Using above technical scheme, the chitosan that relative molecular mass is 400,000 is selected to be grafted with acrylic monomers.Shell is poly-
Sugar is handled in hydrogen peroxide in advance, reduces the molecular weight of chitosan, the later stage is facilitated to polymerize.In pH=5-6, temperature is 65 DEG C of conditions
Under, chitosan is grafted to form chitosan composite fiber with acrylic monomers.Chitosan composite fiber obtained is molten under this condition
Viscous liquid is formed in water, but does not form the block of solid, is mixed with cement, miberal powder and the flyash in concrete
It is even, it is wrapped in the outside of stone and sand, bond effect is more preferably.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
1, using the stone of continuous grading and sand, filling is overlapped to form stable concrete skeleton mutually, increases the resistance to compression of concrete
Intensity.
2, the swelling agent being added in concrete can offset the crack generated due to hydrated cementitious early period.
3, vermiculite is added in concrete, includes polysiloxanes binder outside vermiculite, improves the basic overlap joint of concrete
Cementation between skeleton and gelatinous mass.Vermiculite specific surface area is larger, and itself is layer structure, can uniformly be wrapped up
In the outside of stone and sand.
4, water-reducing agent is compounded using chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent and is made, wherein in chitosan composite fiber
By chitosan graft on acrylic monomers, the adhesion strength that skeleton and gelatinous mass are overlapped in concrete is further increased.Shell
Glycan composite fibre have expansion water suction and water conservation performance, concrete prepare early period combined with swelling agent, can offset by
In the thermogenetic crack of aquation, and it is front and back since what surface temperature decline comparatively fast generated splits to reduce concrete form removal
Seam.
5, in the preparation process of concrete, polysiloxanes binder is wrapped up in sand and the external of stone in advance, is increased
Intensity between sand and stone.It adds other gelatinous mass, sand and stone later to be wrapped up layer by layer, between overlap joint skeleton
Intensity further increase.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the preparation technology flow chart of frost-resistant concrete
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, invention is further described in detail.
Raw material of the present invention is commercially available, and specific specification and producer are as shown in table 1.
1 each embodiment of table raw materials used specification and producer
Embodiment one：
A method of frost-resistant concrete is prepared, is included the following steps：
Step 1：3.9kg polysiloxanes binders, which are dissolved in 49kg water, forms polysiloxane solution, adds in polysiloxane solution
Enter 1.56kg vermiculites to stir evenly；
Step 2：Chitosan composite fiber by chitosan with it is acrylic acid-grafted polymerize be made；
Step 3：737kg sands, 1105kg stones import respective former material feed bin and are homogenized in advance；
Step 4：98kg water is heated to 35 DEG C, 1.56kg chitosan composite fibers and 1.56kg third are added under stirring
Olefin(e) acid water-reducing agent is to being completely dissolved；
Step 5：737kg sands, 1105kg stones are put into forced stirrer, and polysiloxane solution stirring 2min is added；
Step 6：280kg cement, 35kg miberal powders, 35kg flyash, 43kg swelling agents and 3.12kg are added in forced stirrer
Water-reducing agent stirs 5min.
The preparation method of chitosan composite fiber includes：
S1, chitosan handle 10min in 40% hydrogen peroxide in advance；
The mass ratio of S2, acrylic monomers and chitosan are 2.5:1, acrylic monomers is placed on the 65 DEG C of processing of 100mL glacial acetic acid
Ammonium persulfate is added dropwise with the speed of 1 drop/s in 30min, and the quality of ammonium persulfate is acrylic monomers and chitosan mass summation
Acrylic acid is added dropwise after 4%, 10min again, chitosan composite fiber is made, adjusts pH=5-6.
Wherein, it is 2 that additive, which includes weight ratio,:5:4 vermiculite, polysiloxanes binder and water-reducing agent.Water-reducing agent includes
Weight ratio is 1:1 chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent.
Remaining embodiment from difference in this case is that the proportioning of component is different, it is specific as shown in table 2.
The component and proportioning of 2 each embodiment of table
By matching frost-resistant concrete obtained above according to GB/T50081-2002《Normal concrete mechanical test method mark
It is accurate》Test its compression strength and bending strength.
The anti-freezing property of pervious concrete is tested：For 24 hours by the mixed mud test block immersion of standard curing 28d, it wipes to saturation
It is packed into rubber drum after face is dry, is placed in quick refrigerator and carries out freezing and thawing test, after 25 cycles, carries out compression strength survey
Examination.The ratio of compression strength is the coefficient of resistance to jelly before and after test block freeze thawing.The test data of each embodiment is specifically as shown in table 3.
The test data of frost-resistant concrete made from 3 each embodiment of table
From the above data, mixed mud compression strength made from the proportioning using each embodiment resists between 42.7-45MPa
Intensity is rolled between 8-9.3MPa, which can bear enough intensity.After 25 circulating freezing resistances, concrete test block
It is inside nearly free from crack, the intensity of concrete test block declines smaller after freeze thawing, has good anti-freezing property.
Comparative example：Compared with embodiment one, commercially available polycarboxylate water-reducer is used only in additive in comparative example one；Comparative example two
Polysiloxanes binder is used only in middle additive；Vermiculite is used only in additive in comparative example three；Additive only makes in comparative example four
It is 1 with weight ratio:1 chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent.The component and proportioning of each comparative example are as shown in table 4.
Component and proportioning used in 4 each comparative example of table
It is as shown in table 5 by the performance test results for respectively matching concrete obtained above.
The performance test results of 5 each comparative example of table
From the above data, if be used only commercially available polycarboxylate water-reducer, although its have well dispersion cement and
The effect of water consumption is reduced, but the cementation between sand and the molecular overlap joint aggregate of stone and slurry is still poor, aggregate
Between bond strength it is weaker, compression strength is poor.Crack is gradually generated in multigelation process, concrete, concrete is whole
The intensity of body test block substantially reduces.
Polysiloxanes binder is used only in the additive of concrete, increases viscous between concrete overlap joint aggregate and slurry
Knot acts on, and overlap joint aggregate is under the cladding of polysiloxanes binder, the glomerate particle with adhesive property of shape.By external force
Later, Relative sliding can occur between overlap joint aggregate, the compression strength of concrete also accordingly declines.
If vermiculite is used only in additive, vermiculite is bonded together to form slurry with cement, flyash, miberal powder, is wrapped in sand
The outside of son and stone, vermiculite can increase the viscosity of slurry, but adhesive property is poor, lead to the compression strength of concrete
Decline.Simultaneously because the gap between aggregate is larger, during multigelation, gap is gradually softened, the intensity of concrete
Also corresponding to decline.
Additive is 1 using weight ratio:1 chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent reduces water in concrete
Dosage, while increasing the viscosity of slurry.Sand and stone are constructed multiple in chitosan between the overlap joint skeleton to be formed and slurry
Bonding is more secured under the action of condensating fiber and acrylic acid water-reducing agent.Chitosan composite fiber can form three-dimensional after being dissolved in water
Crosslinked network-like structure, can effectively control cement matrix shrink or isolation generate fine cracks, can pre- cracking-proof after
It is continuous to expand, perforation capillary channel is avoided the formation of, the anti-crack ability of concrete is improved.In addition, chitosan composite fiber has well
Toughness improves the impact resistance of concrete, and also functions to good mitigation to temperature stress, and then improves concrete
Anti-freezing property.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can as needed make the present embodiment the modification of not creative contribution after reading this specification, but as long as at this
It is all protected by Patent Law in the right of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of frost-resistant concrete, which is characterized in that including the component indicated below with parts by weight：
275-285 parts of cement；30-40 parts of miberal powder；30-40 parts of flyash；735-740 parts of sand；1100-1110 parts of stone；Outside
Add 8-9 parts of agent；40-45 parts of swelling agent；145-150 parts of water；Additive includes that weight ratio is 2:5:4 vermiculite, polysiloxanes are viscous
Tie agent and water-reducing agent.
2. frost-resistant concrete according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Water-reducing agent includes that weight ratio is 1:1 chitosan
Composite fibre and acrylic acid water-reducing agent.
3. frost-resistant concrete according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The viscosity of polysiloxanes binder is 80mPa s.
4. frost-resistant concrete according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Stone is 5-25mm continuous gradings using grain size
Stone.
5. frost-resistant concrete according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Sand uses the areas II nature medium sand.
6. frost-resistant concrete according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Flyash uses II grades of flyash of F classes.
7. frost-resistant concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including the component indicated below with parts by weight：
280 parts of cement；35 parts of miberal powder；35 parts of flyash；737 parts of sand；1105 parts of stone；8.6 parts of additive；43 parts of swelling agent；Water
147 parts.
8. a kind of preparation method of such as claim 2-6 any one of them frost-resistant concretes, which is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Polysiloxanes binder, which is dissolved in 1/3 water, forms polysiloxane solution, and vermiculite is added in polysiloxane solution
It stirs evenly；
Step 2：Chitosan composite fiber by chitosan with it is acrylic acid-grafted polymerize be made；
Step 3：Sand, stone import respective former material feed bin and are homogenized in advance；
Step 4：Other 2/3 water is heated to 35 DEG C, chitosan composite fiber and acrylic acid diminishing are added under stirring
Agent is to being completely dissolved；
Step 5：Sand, stone are put into forced stirrer, and polysiloxane solution stirring 2min is added；
Step 6：Cement, miberal powder, flyash, swelling agent and water-reducing agent are added in forced stirrer and stirs 5min.
9. the preparation method of frost-resistant concrete according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the preparation of chitosan composite fiber
Method includes：
S1, chitosan handle 10min in 40% hydrogen peroxide in advance；
The mass ratio of S2, acrylic monomers and chitosan are 2.5:1, acrylic monomers is placed on the 65 DEG C of processing of 100mL glacial acetic acid
Ammonium persulfate is added dropwise with the speed of 1 drop/s in 30min, and the quality of ammonium persulfate is acrylic monomers and chitosan mass summation
Acrylic acid is added dropwise after 4%, 10min again, chitosan composite fiber is made, adjusts pH=5-6.
10. the preparation method of frost-resistant concrete according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The average molecular matter of chitosan
Amount is 400,000.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110467413A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-19 | 北京城建九秋实混凝土有限公司 | A kind of crack resistance mass concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN110972893A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Freeze-thawing resistant planting base material for greening in ultrahigh altitude area and use method thereof |
| CN112028562A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112028563A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method of C40 inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete and method for spraying coating |
| CN112028561A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method and surface spraying process of C40 inorganic coating anti-freeze concrete |
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| CN112047668A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | C40 inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112047670A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | C40 polypropylene fiber-doped anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112047673A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | C40 inorganic coating composite anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112047672A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method and spraying process of C40 inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN110467413A (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2019-11-19 | 北京城建九秋实混凝土有限公司 | A kind of crack resistance mass concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN110972893A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-10 | 青岛冠中生态股份有限公司 | Freeze-thawing resistant planting base material for greening in ultrahigh altitude area and use method thereof |
| CN112028562A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112028563A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method of C40 inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete and method for spraying coating |
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| CN112028550A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-04 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method of C40 anti-freezing concrete and inorganic coating spraying process |
| CN112047668A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | C40 inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112047670A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | C40 polypropylene fiber-doped anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112047673A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | C40 inorganic coating composite anti-freezing concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112047672A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-12-08 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method and spraying process of C40 inorganic coating anti-freezing concrete |
| CN112624681A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2021-04-09 | 甘肃省地震局（中国地震局兰州地震研究所） | Preparation method of C30 anti-freezing concrete and inorganic coating spraying process thereof |
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