CN113683357B - Impervious concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Impervious concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113683357B CN113683357B CN202110938629.0A CN202110938629A CN113683357B CN 113683357 B CN113683357 B CN 113683357B CN 202110938629 A CN202110938629 A CN 202110938629A CN 113683357 B CN113683357 B CN 113683357B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of concrete preparation, and particularly discloses impervious concrete and a preparation method thereof. The impervious concrete comprises the following components: cement, fly ash, slag powder, sand, broken stone, modified nano silicon dioxide, polypropylene fiber, a water reducing agent, a waterproof agent and water. The modified nano silicon dioxide is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: mixing the hydrophobic coating material and the attachment material to obtain a modifier; coating the modifier on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide to obtain the modified nano silicon dioxide. The impermeable concrete has the advantage of strong impermeability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of concrete preparation technology, in particular to impervious concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The concrete is generally artificial stone which is prepared by taking portland cement as a main cementing material, adding water, sand, stones, chemical additives and mineral admixtures if necessary, mixing the materials according to a proper proportion, uniformly stirring, compacting, forming, curing and hardening.
At present, in the related art, as disclosed in the application document with the application number of 201810837967.3, an anti-permeability and anti-cracking concrete and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the anti-permeability and anti-cracking concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 177 portions of water, 192 portions of Portland cement, 202 portions of Portland cement, 262 portions of sand, 734 portions of sand, 1012 portions of stone, 51-65 portions of fly ash, 60-77 portions of mineral powder and 3.79-4.61 portions of admixture; the admixture comprises the following components in a weight ratio of 3.2-4.7: 1.3-2.5: 1.7-2.3 of modified polypropylene fiber, a waterproof agent and a water reducing agent; the waterproof agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 1.1-1.5: 1.3-1.7: 0.7-1.3 of triethanolamine type waterproofing agent, air entraining type waterproofing agent and slightly expansive type waterproofing agent. The preparation method of the anti-permeability and anti-cracking concrete comprises the following steps: s1: s1: adding stones, sand, fly ash and mineral powder into the modified polypropylene fiber while stirring, and stirring for 20-30 minutes; s2: and (4) adding the portland cement, water, an air entraining agent and a water reducing agent into the product obtained in the step (S1), and stirring for 1-1.5 hours at the stirring speed of 40-55 r/min.
In view of the above-mentioned related arts, the inventor believes that the maximum water pressure of the anti-permeability and anti-cracking concrete in the related art is about 1.2MPa, and the anti-permeability capability of the concrete in the related art still cannot meet the requirement in the construction of the building engineering with high requirement on the anti-permeability, so the anti-permeability capability of the concrete in the related art of the inventor needs to be improved
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the impermeability of concrete, the application provides impermeable concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an impermeable concrete, using the following technical scheme:
an impervious concrete, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement 370-containing material, 65-90 parts of fly ash, 50-80 parts of slag powder, 720 parts of sand 500-containing material, 900 parts of gravel 700-containing material, 40-65 parts of modified nano-silica, 12-16 parts of polypropylene fiber, 6-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-8 parts of waterproof agent and 180 parts of water 145-containing material;
the modified nano silicon dioxide is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: mixing the hydrophobic coating material and the attachment material to obtain a modifier; coating the modifier on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide to obtain the modified nano silicon dioxide.
By adopting the technical scheme, the doped nano silicon dioxide can fill micro pores in the slurry body, so that the compactness of concrete is improved, and the impermeability of impermeable concrete is improved; however, as the doping amount of the nano-silica is increased, the overlarge specific surface area of the nano-silica can absorb more water, so that the activity of the fly ash is weakened, the water reducing effect of the fly ash is reduced and even destroyed, and the anti-permeability performance of the concrete is reduced. Therefore, after the surface of the nano silicon dioxide is coated with the modifier prepared from the hydrophobic coating material and the attachment material, the hydrophobic coating material can prevent the nano silicon dioxide from excessively absorbing water, so that the activity of the fly ash is prevented from being weakened, and the impermeability of concrete is favorably improved; meanwhile, the adhesive can be better adhered to the polypropylene fibers, so that the polypropylene fibers are distributed in the concrete in a disorderly manner, the bonding stability of the polypropylene fibers in the concrete is enhanced, and the expansion and the extension of microcracks in the concrete are effectively prevented, so that the crack resistance and the impermeability of the concrete are improved.
Optionally, the hydrophobic coating material is paraffin or beeswax.
By adopting the technical scheme, the paraffin or beeswax is coated on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide as a hydrophobic phase-change material, so that the problem of strong water absorption of the nano silicon dioxide can be effectively improved, the phenomenon that the excessively exposed nano silicon dioxide weakens the activity of the fly ash is avoided, and the anti-permeability performance of concrete is improved; and the paraffin or the beeswax is used as a phase-change material, so that part of hydration heat can be absorbed in the cement hydration process, and the problem of cracking caused by overhigh internal temperature in the concrete hardening process is avoided, thereby further improving the impermeability of the concrete.
Optionally, the adhesive material is one or two of nanometer rubber powder and nanometer calcium carbonate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nanometer rubber powder and the nanometer calcium carbonate are adopted as the adhesive materials, after the cement hydrates and releases heat, the hydrophobic wrapping material melts and releases the adhesive materials, because the nanometer rubber powder has extremely strong penetrability and permeability, the nanometer rubber powder can quickly form a nanometer polymer connecting net on the surface of the concrete through nanometer molecular motion, the polymer connecting net and fine nanometer silica particles form a hard and fine protective film, so that the impermeability of the concrete is improved, the nanometer rubber powder has stronger cohesive force, the cohesive tightness of aggregate and cementing materials in the concrete can be enhanced, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and the impermeability of the impermeable concrete is improved. And the surface of the nano calcium carbonate is rough and uneven, and can provide good attachment points for polypropylene fibers in concrete, so that the bonding stability of the polypropylene fibers is improved, further the bond stress of the polypropylene fibers to mortar is enhanced, the displacement of mortar crystals can be effectively controlled, and the problem that concrete is easy to open up is reduced.
Optionally, the modified nano-silica is prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
(1) heating and melting the hydrophobic coating material, then adding the attachment material into the melted hydrophobic coating material, and uniformly stirring at constant temperature to obtain a modifier;
(2) adding the nano silicon dioxide into the modifier, continuously stirring for 1-2h at constant temperature, and after stirring, preparing the modified nano silicon dioxide by adopting a spray drying powder preparation method.
By adopting the technical scheme, the hydrophobic coating is melted, then the adhesive is added and stirred, so that the adhesive is favorably and uniformly dispersed in the coating, the modifier with uniformly dispersed components and good overall fluidity is formed, then the nano-silica is added into the modifier and uniformly stirred, and the modified nano-silica is prepared by a spray drying powder preparation method, so that the surface of the modified nano-silica can be coated with a layer of modifier with uniform thickness, the prepared modified nano-silica has uniform granularity, the modified nano-silica is favorably kept stable using effect, and the impervious concrete is favorably kept more stable impervious performance.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the hydrophobic coating material to the adhesive material in the step (1) is 1 (1.4-1.8).
By adopting the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the hydrophobic coating material to the adhesive material is selected within the range, so that the adhesive material is uniformly distributed in the hydrophobic coating material, and the surface of the nano silicon dioxide is coated with the adhesive material with proper content and stable coating, and the modified nano silicon dioxide is favorable for releasing the adhesive material with proper quantity in use, so that the integral compactness of concrete and the adhesion stability of polypropylene fibers are enhanced, and the impermeability of the concrete is improved.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the modifier in the step (2) is 1 (1.2-1.4).
By adopting the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the modifier is selected within the range, so that the nano silicon dioxide is uniformly distributed in the modifier, the mixture of the nano silicon dioxide and the modifier can keep proper fluidity, and a good powder preparation effect is kept during powder preparation by spray drying, so that the modified nano silicon dioxide with uniform particle size is formed.
Optionally, the heating temperature of the hydrophobic coating in the step (1) is 52-60 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the paraffin or the beeswax can be fully melted within the temperature range, and meanwhile, the nanometer rubber powder cannot be denatured, so that the modifier can keep a stable using effect.
Optionally, the polypropylene fibers have an average length of 6 to 12 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the length of the polypropylene fiber is selected within the range, so that the polypropylene fiber can be uniformly dispersed in the concrete mixing process without agglomeration, and the polyamide reticular fiber with the length of 6-12mm can be dispersed into a large number of branches in the mixing process, so that sandstone can be better agglomerated, the integrity of the concrete can be better improved, the possibility of later-stage cracking of the concrete can be reduced, and the impermeability of the concrete can be further improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an impermeable concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of impervious concrete comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: mixing cement, fly ash, slag powder, sand, gravel, polypropylene fiber and water, and stirring for 60-90s to obtain premixed concrete;
s2: and mixing the modified nano silicon dioxide, the water reducing agent, the waterproof agent and the premixed concrete, and stirring for 30-50s to obtain the impervious concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the process for preparing the anti-permeability concrete is simple, the operation is convenient, the working performance of the prepared concrete meets the construction requirement, cracks are not easy to generate after the concrete is hardened, and the anti-permeability concrete has better anti-permeability performance.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. because the modified nano-silica and the polypropylene fiber are added into the raw materials for preparing the concrete, the hydrophobic coating material on the surface of the modified nano-silica can prevent the nano-silica from absorbing water, so that the activity of the fly ash is prevented from being weakened, the anti-permeability performance of the concrete is improved, meanwhile, the adhesive can form a nano high polymer connecting net on the surface of the concrete, the high polymer connecting net and fine nano-silica particles form a hard and fine protective film, so that the anti-permeability performance of the concrete is improved, the adhesive can be better adhered and bonded with the polypropylene fiber, the polypropylene fiber is distributed in the concrete in a disorderly way, the expansion and extension of micro-cracks in the concrete are effectively prevented, and the anti-cracking performance and the anti-permeability performance of the concrete are improved;
2. the nano silicon dioxide is modified by taking paraffin or beeswax as a hydrophobic wrapping material, the paraffin or beeswax is coated on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide as a hydrophobic phase-change material, the water absorption of the nano silicon dioxide can be reduced, and the paraffin or beeswax is taken as the phase-change material and can absorb part of hydration heat in the cement hydration process, so that the problem of cracking caused by overhigh internal temperature in the concrete hardening process is solved, and the impermeability of the concrete is further improved;
3. according to the application, the nanometer rubber powder and the nanometer calcium carbonate are used as the adhesive materials, after the cement is hydrated and releases heat, the hydrophobic coating material is melted to release the adhesive materials, the nanometer rubber powder can form a layer of protective film, the impermeability of the concrete is improved, the nanometer rubber powder has strong cohesive force, the cohesive tightness of aggregates and cementing materials in the concrete can be enhanced, the compactness of the concrete is improved, and therefore the impermeability of the impermeable concrete is improved; the nano calcium carbonate can improve the bonding stability of the polypropylene fiber, reduce the problem of cracks generated on the surface of mortar, and further improve the impermeability of concrete.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The sources of the raw materials used in the examples of this application are as follows:
TABLE 1 sources of raw materials
Preparation example of modified Nano silica
Preparation example 1
The raw materials of the modified nano-silica and the corresponding weight thereof are shown in table 2, and the modified nano-silica is prepared by the following steps:
(1) heating the hydrophobic coating material to 52 ℃ for melting, then adding the adhesive material into the melted coating material, and stirring at constant temperature for 1h to obtain the modifier;
(2) adding the nano silicon dioxide into the modifier, continuously stirring for 1.5h at constant temperature, and after stirring, preparing the modified nano silicon dioxide by adopting a spray drying powder preparation method.
Preparation example 2
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 3
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 4
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 5
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 6
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 7
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 8
The difference from preparation example 1 was that the weight of the raw material and the melting temperature of the wrapper were different, as shown in table 2.
Preparation example 9
The differences from preparation example 1 were that the weight of the raw material and the heating and melting temperature of the wrapping material were different, as shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 raw Material Components and heating temperatures of modified nanosilicas of preparation examples 1 to 10
Examples
Example 1
The raw material components and the corresponding weight of the concrete are shown in Table 3, and the preparation steps of the concrete are as follows:
s1: mixing cement, fly ash, slag powder, sand, gravel, polypropylene fiber and water, and stirring for 60s to obtain premixed concrete;
s2: and mixing the modified nano silicon dioxide, the water reducing agent, the waterproof agent and the premixed concrete, and stirring for 50 seconds to obtain the anti-permeability concrete.
In this example, the average length of the polypropylene fiber is 6mm, and the modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 1 is used as the modified nano-silica.
Example 2
An impermeable concrete was different from example 1 in that the weight of the raw materials was as shown in Table 3.
In the embodiment, the modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 2 is selected as the modified nano-silica; in the preparation of the impermeable concrete, the concrete was stirred for 75 seconds in the step S1 and for 40 seconds in the step S2.
Example 3
An impermeable concrete was different from example 1 in that the weight of the raw materials was as shown in Table 3.
In this example, the modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 3 was used as the modified nano-silica; when the impermeable concrete is prepared, the mixture is stirred for 90S in the step S1 and for 30S in the step S2.
TABLE 3 weight (kg) of each raw material in examples 1 to 3
Example 4
An impermeable concrete, which is different from example 2 in that modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 4 was used in this example.
Example 5
An impermeable concrete was different from example 2 in that modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 5 was used in this example.
Example 6
An impermeable concrete was different from example 2 in that modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 6 was used in this example.
Example 7
An impervious concrete, which is different from the impervious concrete of example 6 in that the modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 7 is selected in the present example.
Example 8
An impermeable concrete was different from example 6 in that the nano-silica prepared in preparation example 8 was used in this example.
Example 9
An impermeable concrete was different from example 6 in that the polypropylene fibers selected for this example had an average length of 9 mm.
Example 10
An impermeable concrete was different from example 6 in that the polypropylene fibers selected for this example had an average length of 15 mm.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The concrete is prepared by the following steps:
s1: mixing 350kg of cement, 50kg of fly ash, 30kg of slag powder, 500kg of sand, 800kg of broken stone and 150kg of water, and stirring for 60s to obtain premixed concrete;
s2: 6kg of water reducing agent and 5kg of waterproof agent are added into the premixed concrete and stirred for 90 seconds to obtain the concrete.
Comparative example 2
An impervious concrete was distinguished from example 9 in that this comparative example used unmodified nanosilica.
Comparative example 3
An impervious concrete was distinguished from example 9 in that the modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 9 was used in this comparative example.
Comparative example 4
An impermeable concrete was distinguished from example 9 in that no polypropylene fiber was added to this comparative example.
Performance test
Test-impermeability test
Test samples: pouring the concrete obtained in the examples 1 to 10 into steel dies of 150mm × 150mm × 150mm, respectively, vibrating for 30min, then standing for 3h, and curing for 10h by steam at 55 ℃ before demolding to obtain test samples 1 to 10 in the shape of a cube after molding; comparative examples 1 to 4 were treated in the same manner to form control samples 1 to 4 in the form of cubes after molding, respectively.
The test method comprises the following steps: 1. respectively maintaining the test samples 1-10 and the control samples 1-4 for 28 days, cleaning 14 groups of the test samples 1-10 and the control samples 1-4 of impurities on the surface, taking 3 blocks of each group, correspondingly and uniformly coating a layer of molten sealing ointment on the surfaces of the test samples 1-10 and the control samples 1-4, and loading the mixture into an impermeability instrument for performing standard impermeability test; during testing, the water pressure starts from 0.2Mpa, the water pressure of 0.025Mpa is increased every 2h, the end face water seepage conditions of the test samples 1-10 and the control samples 1-4 are recorded at any time until the water seepage is found on the surfaces of 3 samples in each group, and the recorded water pressure is the anti-seepage grade of the current test set and is analyzed;
2. three test samples 1-10 and three control samples 1-4 after curing for 24 hours in a steel mould by using a plastic film are respectively taken, cracking conditions of the test samples 1-10 and the control samples 1-14 are respectively monitored in real time by a Supereye crack observer, and the cracking conditions are recorded and analyzed.
The experimental results are as follows: the test results of the test samples 1 to 10 and the control samples 1 to 4 are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 test results of test samples 1-10 and control samples 1-4
By combining the examples 1 to 3 and the comparative example 1 and combining the table 4, it can be seen that the maximum water pressure of the examples 1 to 3 is obviously better than that of the comparative example 1, compared with the common concrete of the comparative example 1, the maximum water pressure of the impermeable concrete of the present application is improved by about 272%, and the number of cracks in a unit area and the total cracking area in the unit area are far smaller than that of the comparative example 1, which indicates that the impermeability of the impermeable concrete provided by the present application is obviously better than that of the conventional common concrete.
By combining examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, and by combining table 4, it can be seen that the maximum water pressure of examples 1-3 is significantly better than that of comparative example 2, the maximum water pressure of the impermeable concrete of the present application is increased by about 130% compared with that of the impermeable concrete of comparative example 2, and the number of cracks per unit area and the total cracking area per unit area are much less than that of comparative example 2, which indicates that the permeability resistance of the concrete is better enhanced by using the modified nano-silica than by using the unmodified silica; compared with the comparative example 1, the maximum water pressure is improved to a certain extent, but the improvement range is not large, the fact that the impervious performance of the silicon concrete can be enhanced to a certain extent by adopting the unmodified nano-silica is shown, but the effect is not good, and the fact that the paraffin and the nano-rubber powder are adopted as the wrapping materials can effectively improve the problem that the nano-silica is high in water absorption, so that the activity of the fly ash is prevented from being influenced, and the impervious performance of the concrete is improved.
Combining example 4 and example 2, and table 4, it can be seen that the modified nano-silica prepared in preparation example 4 is adopted in test sample 4, and as a result, the maximum water pressure of the prepared concrete is reduced, the number of cracks in a unit area and the total cracking area in a unit area are increased, which may be caused by that beeswax is adopted in the modified nano-silica of test sample 4 as a wrapping material, and as the melting point of beeswax is higher, the nano-silica powder is partially denatured in the modification process of nano-silica, so that the self-adhesive effect cannot be fully exerted, and the impermeability of the concrete is reduced, and therefore, paraffin wax is adopted as the wrapping material, so that the modified nano-silica has a better use effect.
It can be seen from the combination of example 5 and example 2 and table 4 that the maximum water pressure of the test sample 5 is reduced and the number of cracks per unit area and the total cracking area per unit area are also reduced compared with the test sample 2 because the modified nano-silica of the preparation example 5 adopted in example 5 has the modified nano-silica having the adhesion material of all nano-calcium carbonate, and the maximum water pressure of the concrete is reduced without the incorporation of nano-gelatine powder, but the polypropylene fibers are dispersed more stably and uniformly because of the incorporation of more nano-calcium carbonate, so the number of cracks per unit area and the total cracking area per unit area of the concrete are reduced compared with the test sample 2.
As can be seen by combining example 6, example 5 and example 2, and table 4, the maximum water pressure of the test sample 6 is the greatest, and the number of fractures per unit area and the total fracture area per unit area are the smallest, thus, the concrete of test sample 6, which is the best in impermeability, demonstrates the use of paraffin wax as the coating, and the modifier prepared by adopting the nanometer glue powder and the nanometer calcium carbonate as the adhesive material is used for modifying the nanometer silicon dioxide, so that the problem of stronger water absorption of the nanometer silicon dioxide can be effectively improved, the influence of the nanometer silicon dioxide on the activity of the fly ash is reduced, and the nano rubber powder and the nano calcium carbonate are used as the adhesive materials, so that the compactness of the concrete and the bonding stability of the polypropylene fibers can be improved, the crack resistance of the concrete can be improved, and the impermeability of the concrete can be further improved.
By combining the examples 7, 8 and 6 and the table 4, it can be seen that the maximum water pressure of the test samples 7 and 8 is reduced, and the number of cracks per unit area and the total area of cracks per unit area are increased compared with the test sample 6, which indicates that when the nano-silica is modified, the modifier can maintain better service performance of the modified silica in the range of the mixture ratio provided by the application, and further is beneficial to maintaining better impermeability of concrete.
Combining example 9, example 10 and example 6, and combining table 4, it can be seen that the maximum water pressure of the test sample 9 is the largest, and the number of cracks per unit area and the total area of cracks per unit area are also smaller than those of the test sample 10 and the test sample 6, which indicates that the length of the fiber has a certain influence on the impermeability of the concrete, and the overall impermeability of the test sample 9 is the best, which indicates that the concrete can maintain the better impermeability when the polypropylene is added to the concrete raw material and the average length of the polypropylene is 9 mm. When the average length of the polypropylene fiber is 15mm, the polypropylene fiber has poor dispersion properties, thereby resulting in a decrease in the barrier properties of concrete.
Combining examples example 9, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, and table 4, it can be seen that the maximum water pressure of control sample 3 is less than either of the test samples, but greater than control sample 2; the number of cracks per unit area and the total area of cracks per unit area of control sample 3 were also greater than either of the test samples, but less than control sample 2. The improvement effect of the concrete impermeability is not obvious when the nano-silica is modified by only adopting paraffin to wrap the nano-silica, so that the impermeability of the concrete can be effectively and obviously improved only by adopting a modifier compounded by the paraffin, the nano-rubber powder and the nano-calcium carbonate to modify the nano-silica.
By combining the example 9 and the comparative example 4 and combining the table 4, it can be seen that the maximum water pressure of the comparison sample 4 is smaller than that of the test sample 9 and smaller than that of any test sample, and the number of cracks in a unit area and the total cracking area in the unit area of the comparison sample 4 are larger than that of the test sample 9 and larger than that of any test sample, which indicates that the polypropylene fiber can effectively prevent the expansion and extension of the microcracks in the concrete, and further improve the crack resistance and the impermeability of the concrete.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An impervious concrete characterized by: the impervious concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement 370-containing material, 65-90 parts of fly ash, 50-80 parts of slag powder, 720 parts of sand 500-containing material, 900 parts of gravel 700-containing material, 40-65 parts of modified nano-silica, 12-16 parts of polypropylene fiber, 6-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-8 parts of waterproof agent and 180 parts of water 145-containing material;
the modified nano silicon dioxide is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: mixing the hydrophobic coating material and the attachment material to obtain a modifier; coating the modifier on the surface of the nano silicon dioxide to obtain modified nano silicon dioxide;
the hydrophobic coating material is paraffin or beeswax; the adhesive material is one or two of nano rubber powder and nano calcium carbonate.
2. The impervious concrete of claim 1, wherein: the modified nano silicon dioxide is prepared by the method comprising the following steps:
(1) heating and melting the hydrophobic coating, adding the adhesive material into the melted hydrophobic coating, and uniformly stirring at constant temperature to obtain a modifier;
(2) adding the nano silicon dioxide into the modifier, continuously stirring for 1-2h at constant temperature, and after stirring, preparing the modified nano silicon dioxide by adopting a spray drying powder preparation method.
3. The impervious concrete of claim 2, wherein: in the step (1), the weight ratio of the hydrophobic coating material to the adhesive material is 1 (1.4-1.8).
4. The impervious concrete of claim 2, wherein: the weight ratio of the nano silicon dioxide to the modifier in the step (2) is 1 (1.2-1.4).
5. The impervious concrete of claim 2, wherein: the heating temperature of the hydrophobic coating material in the step (1) is 52-60 ℃.
6. The impervious concrete of claim 1, wherein: the average length of the polypropylene fiber is 6-12 mm.
7. A method of preparing the impermeable concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: comprises the following preparation steps:
s1: mixing cement, fly ash, slag powder, sand, gravel, polypropylene fiber and water, and stirring for 60-90s to obtain premixed concrete;
s2: and mixing the modified nano silicon dioxide, the water reducing agent, the waterproof agent and the premixed concrete, and stirring for 30-50s to obtain the impervious concrete.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110938629.0A CN113683357B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Impervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202110938629.0A CN113683357B (en) | 2021-08-16 | 2021-08-16 | Impervious concrete and preparation method thereof |
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| CN113683357A CN113683357A (en) | 2021-11-23 |
| CN113683357B true CN113683357B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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| CN114634325B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-03-17 | 日照海工研新材料有限公司 | Anticorrosion anti-cracking permeability reducing agent for marine concrete and preparation method thereof |
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