CN108610097B - Amino acid liquid fertilizer and application thereof in corn planting - Google Patents

Amino acid liquid fertilizer and application thereof in corn planting Download PDF

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CN108610097B
CN108610097B CN201810955814.9A CN201810955814A CN108610097B CN 108610097 B CN108610097 B CN 108610097B CN 201810955814 A CN201810955814 A CN 201810955814A CN 108610097 B CN108610097 B CN 108610097B
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amino acid
corn
glutamine
arginine
nitrogen
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CN108610097A (en
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李学贤
罗惠兰
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China Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20—Cereals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
    • C05G5/23—Solutions

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to an amino acid liquid fertilizer and application thereof in corn planting. Specifically, the invention provides an amino acid liquid fertilizer, which comprises amino acid and the balance of water, wherein the amino acid is arginine or glutamine. The invention also provides a corn planting method, which comprises the following steps: and spraying the amino acid liquid fertilizer to the corn. The invention also provides application of arginine and/or glutamine as amino acid in improving the corn grouting effect. The amino acid liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention is simple in formula, convenient to use and remarkable in fertilizer efficiency, can be used for planting corn, can comprehensively improve the grouting effect of the corn, and particularly remarkably improves the corn ear phenotype (including improvement of seed plumpness, increase of cob length, increase of seed number and reduction of bald tip phenomenon), and improves thousand seed weight, ear number, ear weight, seed carotenoid concentration and the like.

Description

Amino acid liquid fertilizer and application thereof in corn planting
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of corn planting, in particular to an amino acid liquid fertilizer and application thereof in corn planting.
Background
In the agricultural development process, fertilizers play a vital role. In the last 90 th century, the reports of 'outstanding problems and suggestions faced by fertilizers in China' proposed by experts leading to the development direction of the agricultural field in China promoted the importance of China on medium and trace element fertilizers, novel fertilizers and environmental protection agriculture (Liyong, Guangwu, Lixiabing, etc.. the necessity and the prospect of development of medium and trace element fertilizers [ J ]. the fertilizer industry, 2013, 40(4): 1-3.). Since then, a great deal of research has been conducted on the efficiency of multi-element compound fertilizers.
In order to make the effect of the simultaneous application of a plurality of elements greater than the effect of the separate application, the antagonism problem between the medium and trace elements and the problem that the absorption and utilization of the plant are reduced because each element is influenced by the pH value of the soil must be solved. Amino acids are not affected by soil pH and other ions, and are often used as chelating agents of trace elements (Shaojianhua, Ma Xiao Xin. production and application research progress of amino acid microelement science, 2000, 7(9): 40-42; Wang Cheng, Liu Dyg, Ma Jing, etc.. influence of foliar spray amino acid zinc complex on rice yield traits and zinc absorption [ J ] China soil and fertilizer, 2017(4): 118-.
However, up to 500 kinds of Amino Acids are currently known (Wagner I, Musso H.New Naturally Occurring Amino Acids [ J ]. Angewandte chemical International Edition, 2010, 22(11):816-828.), and most of the Amino Acids used in fertilizers are complex Amino Acids (including a plurality of Amino Acids) rather than single Amino Acids. As early as 1997, mixed amino acids were found to have a fertilizer efficiency that was considered higher than that of a single amino acid of equal nitrogen (Schlumbergera, Liuqingcheng. amino acid fertilizer efficiency research [ J ] amino acids and biological resources, 1997(2): 1-6.).
Corn (Zea mays L.) plays a significant role in global food and energy consumption. As an important growth stage in the growth and development process of corn, the filling directly influences the dry matter accumulation of corn kernels. In addition, the corn bald tip phenomenon generally exists in field production, and the bald tip phenomenon not only causes nutrition consumption, but also reduces the number of grains, and greatly influences the yield and the quality of the corn. The bald tip of corn is mainly caused by abortion of the floret or failure of normal grouting of the floret after insemination to obtain aborted kernels (Tang praying, Rongting Zhao, Huangyubi. study on bald tip of corn II. differentiation and development period of floret and kernels at different parts of the floret [ J ] academic newspaper of Sichuan university of agriculture, 1999, 17(2):162 and 166.). Some researchers research the causes of the maize bald top through macroscopic scales such as maize varieties, geoforce conditions, planting density, climate factors and the like (Zhang Wenzhi, Song palace treasure, chestnut red, and the like. analysis of the maize bald top causes [ J ]. Heilongjiang agricultural science, 2007, 2007(6):20-22.), some research attempts to establish hormone levels (Tang praying, Rong Ting, relation of the maize bald top and endogenous hormone [ J ]. Nuclear agriculture bulletin, 2007, 21(4):366-, 2015, 37(1):6-13.). The previous researches are more than preliminary researches on the causes of the bald tip of the corn, and a universal and practical and operable method for solving the problem cannot be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of corn bald tip and the like, the yield of the corn is expected to be improved. The invention provides an amino acid liquid fertilizer in a first aspect, wherein the amino acid liquid fertilizer comprises amino acid and the balance of water, and the amino acid is arginine or glutamine.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for planting corn, wherein the method comprises: spraying liquid fertilizer containing 0.5mM to 2.5mM of amino acid to the corn, wherein the amino acid is arginine and/or glutamine.
In a third aspect, the invention provides the use of an amino acid for improving the filling effect of corn, wherein the amino acid is arginine and/or glutamine.
The invention has the following technical effects: (1) corn ear phenotype improvement, including increased kernel fullness, increased cob length, increased seed number and reduced bald tip; (2) the thousand kernel weight is increased, and the increment is even up to more than 22% in some varieties; (3) the grain number per spike is increased, and the increment is even more than 54% in some varieties; (4) the weight of the grains per spike is increased, and the increment is even up to more than 88% in some varieties; (5) the concentration of carotenoid in the grains is increased, and the increment is even more than 13% in some varieties. Moreover, the amino acid liquid fertilizer has simple formula, convenient use and obvious fertilizer efficiency. The planting method or the amino acid liquid fertilizer can comprehensively improve the planting effect of the corn, and particularly can be used for improving the grouting effect of the corn in the corn planting process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a phenotypic analysis of maize hybrid Zhengdan 958(ZD958) during the grain filling period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen donating conditions.
FIG. 2 is a phenotypic analysis of maize hybrid Zhengdan 958(ZD958) during the grain filling period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen at nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply.
FIG. 3 is a phenotypic analysis of maize hybrid Zea mays 335(XY335) under normal nitrogen supply conditions during the filling phase after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen.
FIG. 4 is a phenotypic analysis of maize hybrids Jade 335(XY335) at nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply during the filling period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen.
FIG. 5 is a phenotypic analysis of maize hybrid Liangyu 99(LY99) at a grain filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
FIG. 6 is a phenotypic analysis of good corn hybrid 99(LY99) at nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply during the grain filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen.
FIG. 7 is a phenotypic analysis of the maize hybrid Darlington 105(DH105) at the filling stage after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
FIG. 8 is a phenotypic analysis of maize hybrid Dendroin 105(DH105) at a grain filling period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under conditions of nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply.
FIG. 9 is a cob length analysis of maize hybrids during the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
FIG. 10 is a cob length analysis of maize hybrids during the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under lower than normal nitrogen donating nitrogen levels.
FIG. 11 is a thousand kernel weight analysis of maize hybrids during the grain filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
FIG. 12 is a thousand kernel weight analysis of maize hybrids during the grain filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under conditions of lower than normal nitrogen supply nitrogen levels.
FIG. 13 is an analysis of the number of grains per ear of corn hybrids during the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
FIG. 14 is an analysis of the number of grains per ear of corn hybrids during the fill period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply.
FIG. 15 is a spike-size reanalysis of maize hybrids during the filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
FIG. 16 is a spike reanalysis of maize hybrids during the filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply.
FIG. 17 is a kernel carotenoid concentration analysis of maize hybrids during the filling phase after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply conditions.
Figure 18 is a kernel carotenoid concentration analysis of maize hybrids during the filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under conditions of nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply.
FIG. 19 is a graph showing the nitrogen-saving potential of arginine or glutamine in different varieties.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following description will make a more clear and complete description of the embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an amino acid liquid fertilizer, which comprises amino acid and the balance of water, wherein the amino acid is arginine or glutamine. Preferably, the amino acid is present in a concentration of 0.5mM to 2.5mM, for example 1.25 mM. Of course, other solvents may be used in place of water, as long as unacceptable adverse effects result.
The inventor finds that although the composite amino acid fertilizer has lower cost than single amino acid, the physiological effects of different amino acids in the composite amino acid fertilizer on specific plants can be mutually antagonistic. Glutamine (Gln) can be synthesized from ammonium nitrogen absorbed into plants and is involved in the formation of acidic amino acids from glutamate (Forde B G, Lea P J. glutamate in plants: metabolism, and signalling [ J ]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2007, 58(9): 2339-. L-arginine can store nitrogen in plants for reuse, is a precursor substance of some important signal molecules, and participates in physiological processes such as plant growth and development, stress resistance and the like (Yanghong, the physiological function of plant arginine and metabolites thereof [ J ]. molecular plants (English edition), 2007, 33(1): 1-8.). The inventor finds that the grain filling effect of the corn can be obviously improved by using the single combination of arginine or glutamine to carry out foliage spraying, so that the yield of the corn can be obviously improved.
The invention provides in a second aspect a method of growing corn, wherein the method comprises: spraying an amino acid liquid fertilizer containing 0.5mM to 2.5mM of amino acid to the corn, wherein the amino acid is arginine and/or glutamine. The concentration of the amino acid liquid fertilizer may be anywhere between 0.5mM and 2.5mM or any subrange, such as 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, 2.00, 2.25 or 2.50mM, most preferably 1.25 mM. The amino acid may be arginine, glutamine, more preferably glutamine.
In some preferred embodiments, the spraying is performed at one or more periods selected from the group consisting of a 6 th leaf full development period, an 8 th leaf full development period, a 12 th leaf full development period, and a silking period. Preferably, the foliar spraying is carried out in the four periods in sequence.
In some preferred embodiments, the amount sprayed is 250g/hm2To 350g/hm2Arginine or 200g/hm of2To 300g/hm2The glutamine of (1).
The invention has no special limit on the supply of nitrogen in the planting process, and the nitrogen is applied according to the normal nitrogen supply amount. In some preferred embodiments, the method further comprises providing 0 to 200kg/hm2Nitrogen fertilizer of, for example, 50, 100, 150 or 200kg/hm2. More preferably at 200kg/hm2The normal nitrogen supply amount of (2) can supply nitrogen, so that the effect of arginine or glutamine on promoting the increase of the length of the cob can be more fully exerted.
The corn variety of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, the maize is hybrid maize. In some preferred embodiments, the hybrid maize is selected from the group consisting of first jade 335, zheng 958, good jade 99 and denghai 605, most preferably first jade 335 and good jade 99, for which the improvement is particularly significant. These corn varieties are known varieties and are commercially available from, for example, Beijing agriculture, Inc.,
in a third aspect, the invention provides the use of an amino acid for improving the filling effect of corn, wherein the amino acid is arginine and/or glutamine. More preferred is glutamine, as described above.
In some preferred embodiments, the improved corn grain filling is manifested by an improvement in one or more of the following: corn ear phenotype, thousand kernel weight, ear number and kernel carotenoid concentration. In some preferred embodiments, the ear phenotype is selected from the group consisting of grain fullness, cob length, seed number, and balding phenomenon.
In some more preferred embodiments, the improved corn grain filling is manifested by: corn ear phenotype improvement, including increased kernel fullness, increased cob length, increased seed number and reduced bald tip; thousand kernel weight increase, preferably, thousand kernel weight increase 2.81% to 22.06%; the grain number per ear is increased, preferably, the grain number per ear is increased by 7.79 percent to 54.61 percent; the weight of the ear grains is increased, preferably, the weight of the ear grains is increased by 11.08 percent to 88.56 percent; and/or increased kernel carotenoid concentration, preferably, increased kernel carotenoid concentration by 1.65% to 13.11%.
Examples
The technical solutions of the present invention will be illustrated below in the form of examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these examples.
1. Materials and methods
A place: test station of the Chinese agriculture university in Beijing Shanzhuang.
Corn strain: jade 335(XY335), Zhengdan 958(ZD958), Liang Jade 99(LY99) and Denghai 605(DH 605). These corn varieties are available from Beijing agriculture, Inc.
1.1 the following treatments were carried out under normal nitrogen supply (CK, 200 kg/ha of nitrogen (urea)) and low nitrogen (LN, 0 kg/ha of nitrogen):
(1) treatment 1 (T1): spraying water;
(2) treatment 2 (T2): spraying 1.25mM arginine;
(3) treatment 3 (T3): spraying 1.25mM glutamine.
Spraying was carried out at the following periods: (a) period 1(ST 1): the 6 th leaf of the corn is completely unfolded (the jointing stage of the corn); (b) period 2(ST 2): the 8 th leaf of the corn is completely unfolded; (c) period 3(ST 3): the 12 th leaf of the corn is completely unfolded (the large-horn mouth period of the corn); (d) period 4(ST 4): and (4) a corn silking period. And (3) harvesting period: and (5) finishing corn filling. Biological repetition: 4 (i.e. n-4). The test field area is designed by random block.
2. Results and analysis
2.1 phenotypic analysis
2.1.1 Zhengdan 958(ZD958)
The phenotype of maize hybrid Zhengdan 958(ZD958) during the filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen (CK) donating conditions was analyzed. As a result, arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3) treated zheng 958, respectively, were found to be fuller in grain than control (T1) during the fill period, and in addition, the glutamine treated corn cob length was significantly longer than the control (as shown in fig. 1).
The phenotype of (LN) maize hybrid Zheng958 (ZD958) at nitrogen levels below normal nitrogen supply during the fill period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen was also analyzed. As a result, it was found that arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3) treated Zheng 958, respectively, had a smaller difference in cob length during the filling period than the control (T1) (as shown in FIG. 2).
2.1.2 Xian Yu 335(XY335)
The phenotype of maize hybrids Jade 335(XY335) at normal nitrogen supply (CK) during the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the corn treated with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, had a larger number of seeds and a larger cob length during the filling period than the control (T1), and that the glutamine treatment reduced the bald tip phenomenon of corn (as shown in FIG. 3).
Maize hybrids Jade 335(XY335) were also analyzed for phenotype in the fill phase after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under lower than normal nitrogen-donating nitrogen level conditions (LN). As a result, it was found that the corn stigma 335 treated with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, had fuller kernels than the control (T1) during the filling period, had more kernels and more cob lengths than the control, and that the glutamine treatment also reduced the bald tip phenomenon of the corn (as shown in FIG. 4).
2.1.3 Liang Yu 99(LY99)
The phenotype of the maize hybrid elite 99(LY99) at the filling stage after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply Conditions (CK) was analyzed. As a result, it was found that good jade 99 treated with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, had plump seeds in the filling period as compared with the control (T1), had a larger number of seeds than the control, and had a longer cob length (as shown in fig. 5).
The phenotype of the maize hybrid elite 99(LY99) at lower than normal nitrogen-donating nitrogen level conditions (LN) during the filling period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen was also analyzed. As a result, it was found that the good jade 99 treated with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, had a grain size larger than the control (T1) and had a grain number and a cob length larger than the control during the filling period (as shown in fig. 6).
2.1.4 Density to the sea 105(DH105)
The phenotype of the maize hybrid denuding 105(DH105) during the filling period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply Conditions (CK) was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the respective arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3) treated denaton 105 had a longer cob length during the filling period than the control (T1) (as shown in FIG. 7).
The maize hybrid denuding 105(DH105) phenotype at a nitrogen level below normal nitrogen supply (LN) was also analyzed for the filling period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen. As a result, it was found that arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3) treated denuding sea 105, respectively, had more filled seeds than the control (T1) and more number of seeds and more cob length than the control during the filling period (as shown in fig. 8).
In general, arginine and glutamine can improve the plumpness of grains and the number of single-spike grains, reduce the bald tip phenomenon and increase the length of a spike shaft.
2.2 cob Length analysis
Cob lengths of maize hybrids during the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply Conditions (CK) were analyzed. As a result, it was found that after treatment of zhengdan 958(ZD958), pioyu 335(XY335), fine jade 99(LY99) and denuding 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, the cob length of all hybrids at the filling stage was significantly higher than the control (T1), but there was no difference in the effect of 2 amino acids on the cob length of corn (as shown in fig. 9).
The cob length of maize hybrids during the fill period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under lower than normal nitrogen donating nitrogen level conditions (LN) were also analyzed. As a result, it was found that after treatment of zhengdan 958(ZD958), pioyu 335(XY335), fine jade 99(LY99) and denuding 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, the cob length of all hybrids at the filling stage was significantly higher than that of the control (T1), but there was no difference in the effect of 2 amino acids on the cob length of corn (as shown in fig. 10).
2.3 thousand Kernel weight analysis
Thousand kernel weight of corn hybrids during the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply Conditions (CK) were analyzed. As a result, it was found that thousand kernel weight of all hybrids at the filling stage was significantly higher than that of the control (T1) after treatment of zheng 958(ZD958), xiao yu 335(XY335), good yu 99(LY99) and denuding 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, and that the glutamine treatment was increased by 9.72% to 30.38% and the arginine treatment was increased by 2.81% to 16.03% (as shown in fig. 11).
Thousand kernel weight of corn hybrids during the fill period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under lower than normal nitrogen supply nitrogen level conditions (LN) were also analyzed. As a result, it was found that thousand kernel weight of all hybrids at the filling stage was significantly higher than that of the control (T1) after treatment of zhengdan 958(ZD958), suyu 335(XY335), good jade 99(LY99) and denghai 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, and that the glutamine treatment was increased by 9.44% to 22.06% and the arginine treatment was increased by 7.04% to 11.08% (as shown in fig. 12).
2.4 spike size analysis
The number of grains per ear of corn hybrids at the fill stage after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply Conditions (CK) was analyzed. As a result, it was found that after treatment of zhengdan 958(ZD958), suyu 335(XY335), good jade 99(LY99) and denghai 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, the number of grains per ear at the filling period was significantly higher for all hybrids than for the control (T1), and that glutamine treatment increased by 17.42% to 40.62% and arginine treatment increased by 7.79% to 18.90% (as shown in fig. 13).
The number of grains per ear of rice hybrids at the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under lower than normal nitrogen supply nitrogen level conditions (LN) was also analyzed. As a result, it was found that the number of grains per ear at the filling stage was significantly higher for all hybrids than for the control (T1) after treatment of Zhengdan 958(ZD958), Xiyu 335(XY335), Liang 99(LY99) and Denghai 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, and that the glutamine treatment was increased by 30.89% to 54.61% and the arginine treatment was increased by 21.92% to 28.13% (as shown in FIG. 14).
2.5 ear particle Re-analysis
The ear weight of maize hybrids at the fill period after treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under normal nitrogen supply Conditions (CK) was analyzed. As a result, it was found that after arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3) treated Zhengdan 958(ZD958), Xiyu 335(XY335), Liang Yu 99(LY99) and Denghai 105(DH105), respectively, the panicle weight of all hybrids at the filling period was significantly higher than that of the control (T1), and that the glutamine treatment was increased by 31.13% -58.44% and the arginine treatment was increased by 11.08% -42.44% (as shown in FIG. 15).
Maize hybrids were also analyzed for spike weight at the grain filling period after different amino acid nitrogen treatments under lower than normal nitrogen-donating nitrogen level conditions (LN). As a result, it was found that after treating Zhengdan 958(ZD958), Xiaguy 335(XY335), Liang Yu 99(LY99) and Denghai 105(DH105) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, the panicle weight of all hybrids at the filling period was significantly higher than that of the control (T1), and further, the glutamine treatment was increased by 45.84% to 88.56% and the arginine treatment was increased by 31.26% to 37.67% (as shown in FIG. 16).
2.6 Kernel carotenoid concentration analysis
The concentrations of the carotenoids of the corn hybrids in the filling stage after the treatment of different amino acid nitrogen under the normal nitrogen supply Condition (CK) were analyzed. As a result, it was found that after treatment of zheng 958(ZD958) with arginine (T2) and glutamine (T3), respectively, the concentrations of carotenoids in the grain increased by 1.65% and 13.06, respectively, in the fill phase compared to the control (T1), whereas treatment with arginine and glutamine preceded jade 335(XY335) did not increase the concentrations of carotenoids in the grain (as shown in fig. 17).
The kernel carotenoid concentration of maize hybrids during the fill period following treatment with different amino acid nitrogen under less than normal nitrogen donating nitrogen level conditions (LN) was also analyzed. As a result, it was found that after treating zheng 958(ZD958) and jasper 335(XY335), respectively, with glutamine (T3), the concentrations of carotenoids in grain during the filling phase were increased by 13.11% and 8.02% respectively, compared to the control (T1), but arginine (T2) treatment did not increase the concentrations of carotenoids in grain of hybrid species (as shown in fig. 18).
2.7 nitrogen potential
The nitrogen-sparing potential was calculated according to the following formula (Chenfanjun, Miguhua, Zhang Fuklo, et al. estimation of the nitrogen-sparing potential of a part of summer maize variety in Jingjin Tang region [ J ]. maize science, 2009,17(4): 115-:
(1) the agronomic efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer treated by CK is (CK treatment yield-LN treatment yield)/the nitrogen application amount of CK treatment;
(2) treating nitrogen-saving amount (CK control amount of nitrogen application) (CK control yield-
LN treatment yield)/nitrogen fertilizer agronomic efficiency of CK treatment;
(3) the nitrogen-saving potential is the processing nitrogen-saving quantity and 100/CK processing nitrogen-applying quantity;
wherein:
CK denotes nitrogen (urea) applied at 200 kg/ha;
LN represents the application of 0 kg/ha of nitrogen;
treatment means administration of 1.25mM arginine or glutamine;
control means that no 1.25mM arginine or glutamine was applied but an equivalent amount (volume equivalent to that of the amino acid liquid fertilizer) of water was sprayed;
thus:
CK treatment means application of 200 kg/hectare of nitrogen (urea) and application of 1.25mM of arginine or glutamine;
LN treatment means application of 0 kg/ha of nitrogen (urea) and application of 1.25mM of arginine or glutamine;
CK control means that 200 kg/ha of nitrogen (urea) was applied and water was sprayed in an amount corresponding to the amino acid fertilizer (containing arginine or glutamine);
the nitrogen dosing amount for the CK treatment included N from nitrogen (urea) and N from amino acids.
From the formula related to the nitrogen-saving potential, the 2 kinds of amino acid treatment can respectively save nitrogen under the condition of achieving the same yield. The results of the nitrogen-saving potential are shown in fig. 19, from which it can be seen that the application of arginine or glutamine can result in a significant saving of nitrogen fertilizer in all four different varieties, at least more than 20% (LY99, arginine), the highest possible saving being nearly 90% (87.6%, XY335, glutamine). In addition, the nitrogen-saving potential varied between the different varieties, and glutamine had a higher nitrogen-saving potential than arginine in all four different varieties.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of growing corn, the method comprising: spraying an amino acid liquid fertilizer to corn, wherein the amino acid liquid fertilizer comprises amino acid and the balance of water, and the amino acid is arginine or glutamine; the concentration of the amino acid is 0.5mM to 2.5 mM; the spraying amount is 250g/hm2To 350g/hm2Arginine or 200g/hm of2To 300g/hm2(ii) glutamine; the spraying is carried out in one or more of the following periods: a 6 th leaf full development period, an 8 th leaf full development period, a 12 th leaf full development period or a spinning period.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing 0 to 200kg/hm2Nitrogen fertilizer of (2).
3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the maize is hybrid maize.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said hybrid corn is selected from the group consisting of Xian Yu 335, Zheng 958, Liang Yu 99, and Dendrome 605.
5. Use of an amino acid for improving the filling effect of corn, characterized in that the amino acid is applied in the form of an amino acid liquid fertilizer comprising an amino acid and the balance water, the amino acid being arginine or glutamine; the concentration of the amino acid is 0.5mM to 2.5 mM; the application is carried out in a spraying manner, and the spraying amount is 250g/hm2To 350g/hm2Arginine or 200g/hm of2To 300g/hm2The glutamine of (1).
6. Use according to claim 5, wherein the improvement in corn grain filling comprises an improvement in one or more of: corn ear phenotype, thousand kernel weight, ear number and kernel carotenoid concentration.
7. The use of claim 6, wherein said ear phenotype is selected from the group consisting of grain fullness, cob length, grain number, and balding.
8. Use according to claim 6 or 7, wherein said improving corn grain filling comprises:
corn ear phenotype improvement, including increased grain fullness, increased cob length, increased seed number, and/or reduced bald tip;
thousand kernel weight increases;
the grain number of the ears is increased;
the weight of the spike grains is increased; and/or
Grain carotenoid concentration is increased.
9. Use of amino acids for saving nitrogen fertilizers, characterized in that said amino acids are applied in the form of liquid fertilizers of amino acids, said amino acids liquidsThe fertilizer comprises amino acid and the balance of water, wherein the amino acid is arginine or glutamine; the concentration of the amino acid is 0.5mM to 2.5 mM; the application is carried out in a spraying manner, and the spraying amount is 250g/hm2To 350g/hm2Arginine or 200g/hm of2To 300g/hm2The glutamine of (1).
10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that the amino acid is glutamine.
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