CN108605594B - Prevention and control method for reducing pest population cardinality of psylla chinensis - Google Patents

Prevention and control method for reducing pest population cardinality of psylla chinensis Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108605594B
CN108605594B CN201810411561.9A CN201810411561A CN108605594B CN 108605594 B CN108605594 B CN 108605594B CN 201810411561 A CN201810411561 A CN 201810411561A CN 108605594 B CN108605594 B CN 108605594B
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control method
psylla
active ingredient
pest
reducing
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CN108605594A (en
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魏明峰
姚众
刘珍
范巧兰
吴晓燕
吕贝贝
张丽萍
范建春
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Cotton Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing heterocyclic radicals

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method for reducing pest population base number of psylla chinensis, belonging to a comprehensive control method for fruit tree pests. The invention mainly solves the technical problems of easy fruit surface damage, high production cost, poor control effect and serious pollution existing in the existing control method of the psylla chinensis. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a control method for reducing insect population cardinality of psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps: 1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th ten days, preparing pesticide mixed liquor and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor; 2) in the middle 11 th month, smearing pest-sticking glue around the trunk, fixing the corrugated paper by using an adhesive tape, and taking down the corrugated paper in the 1 st month of the next year for centralized incineration; 3) collecting the parasites parasitized by the parasitic natural enemies on the pruned branches when pruning in winter, and taking out the branches and placing the branches in an orchard for release in the last 4 months of the next year; 4) and spraying a kaolin protective agent at the beginning of the hibernation emergence of the psylla chinensis adults in the middle ten days of the next 2 months to ensure that a protective layer consisting of kaolin particles is formed outside each branch.

Description

Prevention and control method for reducing pest population cardinality of psylla chinensis
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method for reducing pest population base number of psylla chinensis, belonging to a comprehensive control method for fruit tree pests.
Background
The psylla belongs to the psyllidae of hemiptera, and the psyllium belongs to a monophagous piercing-sucking pest and occurs in more than 20 provinces of Xinjiang, Hebei, Shanxi and the like in China. The psylla chinensis mainly damages leaves by nymphs, so that fruit rust, physiological shock of trees, disease weakening and other damages are caused, and great loss is caused to production. With the overuse of chemical pesticides and the development of intensive agriculture models, psyllids have become one of the main control targets in pear gardens.
At present, the psylla chinensis is mainly prevented and controlled by chemical pesticides in the growth period and the harm peak period of the psylla chinensis population in production. The disadvantages are four: firstly, the fruit surface is easy to damage when the medicine is taken in the young fruit period, and the annual medicine taking frequency reaches 8-10 times, so that the production cost is high; secondly, the pear psylla has serious generation overlapping and nymphs have the habit of hiding in mucus secreted by the nymphs, so the medicament has poor control effect; thirdly, the pear psylla damages the positive pear psylla at the peak period and the active period of natural enemy insects such as pear psylla jumping bees, green lacewings, ladybug and the like, the orchard ecology is damaged by frequent drug application, and the natural regulation potential of the population is limited; fourthly, the problem of fruit safety and agricultural non-point source pollution caused by a large amount of chemical pesticides is serious, and the problem of '3R' is obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of easy damage to fruit surfaces, high production cost, poor control effect and serious pollution existing in the existing psylla chinensis control method, and provides the psylla chinensis control method which has high control effect, low cost, safety to the ecological environment of an orchard and can improve the quality of pomes and reduce the population base of psylla chinensis.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a control method for reducing insect population cardinality of psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults;
2) coating pest-sticking glue around a trunk 20-30cm away from the ground in the middle of 11 months to form pest-sticking glue rings 5-7cm wide, upwards spacing by 10cm, coating pest-sticking glue to form a second pest-sticking glue ring 5-7cm wide, wrapping the two pest-sticking glue rings coated with the pest-sticking glue by using corrugated paper 20-25cm high, and fixing the corrugated paper by using an adhesive tape; taking off the corrugated paper in 1 month and burning concentratedly in the last ten days of the next year to kill the pear psylla imagoes hidden therein;
3) collecting the insect bodies parasitized by the parasitic natural enemies on the pruned branches when the pruned branches are cut in winter, storing the collected insect bodies in a paper box with holes at low temperature, taking out the paper box from the late 4 months, placing the paper box in an orchard for release, and improving the parasitized rate of the psyllids on the pear;
4) and in the beginning of the hibernation emergence period of the psylla chinensis adults in the middle ten days of the next 2 months, fully and uniformly stirring and mixing 95% of kaolin protective agent and 30-35 times of clear water by mass, and spraying the whole plant of the tree body by using a high-pressure atomizer to ensure that a protective layer consisting of kaolin particles is formed outside each branch.
Further, the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.27g to 0.4g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.085g to 0.1g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water.
Further, the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.27g to 0.4g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.065g to 0.08g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water.
Further, the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12g to 0.16g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.085g to 0.1g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water.
Further, the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12g to 0.16g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.065g to 0.08g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, two key prevention and control periods before winter and in the first spring are grasped by combining the occurrence hazard rule of the psylla chinensis, the number of the adult psylla chinensis living in winter is controlled by using the medicament before winter, and further, the kaolin protective agent is sprayed at the beginning of the hibernation emergence period of the adult psylla chinensis in the first spring, so that the number of the eggs laid by the psylla chinensis living in winter can be effectively reduced by forming the protective layer on branches, and the purpose of reducing the population base number of the psylla chinensis living in the first spring is achieved. The invention has the advantages of high control efficiency, low cost, safety to the ecological environment of an orchard and improvement of the quality of pears.
Exemplary tests were conducted to demonstrate the beneficial effects of the present invention and the results are shown in table 1. By investigation statistics and analysis of the number of eggs around the buds before germination, the number of nymphs on the florescence and the initially developed leaves, the result shows that chemical control before winter has a certain control effect on the number of eggs at the buds and can reduce the number of nymphs of the first generation; the kaolin protective agent used in early spring obviously reduces the egg amount of bud parts, and the nymph number on flowers and early-developed leaves. As a result, it is considered that the first population radix can be reduced by performing the corresponding treatment twice before winter and in early spring.
TABLE 1 prevention and control effect of treatment before winter and in early spring on first generation psylla chinensis
Figure BDA0001648205480000031
Detailed Description
Example 1
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.27g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.1g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
2) Coating pest-sticking glue around a trunk 20-30cm away from the ground in the middle of 11 months to form pest-sticking glue rings 5-7cm wide, upwards spacing by 10cm, coating pest-sticking glue to form a second pest-sticking glue ring 5-7cm wide, wrapping the two pest-sticking glue rings coated with the pest-sticking glue by using corrugated paper 20-25cm high, and fixing the corrugated paper by using an adhesive tape; taking off the corrugated paper in 1 month and burning concentratedly in the last ten days of the next year to kill the pear psylla imagoes hidden therein;
3) collecting the insect bodies parasitized by the parasitic natural enemies on the pruned branches when the pruned branches are cut in winter, storing the collected insect bodies in a paper box with holes at low temperature, taking out the paper box from the late 4 months, placing the paper box in an orchard for release, and improving the parasitized rate of the psyllids on the pear;
4) in the beginning of the hibernation period of the adult pear psylla in 2 months in the next year, fully stirring and uniformly mixing the 95 percent kaolin protective agent and 30-35 times of clear water by mass, and atomizing by using high pressureSpraying the whole tree with the machine at 1800kg/hm2And a protective layer consisting of kaolin particles is formed outside each branch. And after the protective agent is sprayed in the middle ten of 2 months to the end ten of 3 months, if the protective effect is influenced by rain wash, the protective agent needs to be sprayed once again.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.4g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.085g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.33g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.093g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.27g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.08g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.4g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.065g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 6
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.33g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.073g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 7
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.1g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 8
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.16g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.085g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 9
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.14g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.093g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 10
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.08g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 11
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.16g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.065g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 12
In the embodiment, the control method for reducing the insect population base number of the psylla chinensis comprises the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults; the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.14g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.073g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water. The usage amount of the mixed pesticide liquid is 1800kg/hm2-2200kg/hm2。
The remaining steps were the same as in example 1.

Claims (5)

1. A control method for reducing insect population cardinality of psylla chinensis is characterized by comprising the following control steps:
1) before the pear psylla overwintering in the last 11 th month, preparing pesticide mixed liquor with dual activities on adults and nymphs, and spraying the pesticide mixed liquor to reduce the population quantity of overwintering adults;
2) coating pest-sticking glue around a trunk 20-30cm away from the ground in the middle of 11 months to form pest-sticking glue rings 5-7cm wide, upwards spacing by 10cm, coating pest-sticking glue to form a second pest-sticking glue ring 5-7cm wide, wrapping the two pest-sticking glue rings coated with the pest-sticking glue by using corrugated paper 20-25cm high, and fixing the corrugated paper by using an adhesive tape; taking off the corrugated paper in 1 month and burning concentratedly in the last ten days of the next year to kill the pear psylla imagoes hidden therein;
3) collecting the insect bodies parasitized by the parasitic natural enemies on the pruned branches when the pruned branches are cut in winter, storing the collected insect bodies in a paper box with holes at low temperature, taking out the paper box from the late 4 months, placing the paper box in an orchard for release, and improving the parasitized rate of the psyllids on the pear;
4) and in the beginning of the hibernation emergence period of the psylla chinensis adults in the middle ten days of the next 2 months, fully and uniformly stirring and mixing 95% of kaolin protective agent and 30-35 times of clear water by mass, and spraying the whole plant of the tree body by using a high-pressure atomizer to ensure that a protective layer consisting of kaolin particles is formed outside each branch.
2. The control method for reducing the insect population base of psyllids according to claim 1, wherein: the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.27g to 0.4g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.085g to 0.1g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water.
3. The control method for reducing the insect population base of psyllids according to claim 1, wherein: the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.27g to 0.4g of chlorpyrifos active ingredient, 0.065g to 0.08g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water.
4. The control method for reducing the insect population base of psyllids according to claim 1, wherein: the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12g to 0.16g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.085g to 0.1g of thiamethoxam active ingredient and 1000g of water.
5. The control method for reducing the insect population base of psyllids according to claim 1, wherein: the pesticide mixed solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12g to 0.16g of chlorfenapyr active ingredient, 0.065g to 0.08g of dinotefuran active ingredient and 1000g of water.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106034861A (en) * 2016-06-01 2016-10-26 蚌埠市宝煦家庭农场 Hebei pear tree pear psylla damage controlling method
CN106550822A (en) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-05 于辉 The new method that a kind of theatre pear sucker winter is controlled
CN106577050A (en) * 2016-11-02 2017-04-26 徐善清 Pear psylla prevention method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106550822A (en) * 2015-09-29 2017-04-05 于辉 The new method that a kind of theatre pear sucker winter is controlled
CN106034861A (en) * 2016-06-01 2016-10-26 蚌埠市宝煦家庭农场 Hebei pear tree pear psylla damage controlling method
CN106577050A (en) * 2016-11-02 2017-04-26 徐善清 Pear psylla prevention method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
中国梨喀木虱在我国的发生规律和综合防治研究进展;张航 等;《北方园艺》;20151230(第24期);第180-183页 *

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