CN108597657A - 乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线及其制备方法 - Google Patents
乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,由内置外包括:铜导体、耐高温聚酯薄膜包带、乙丙橡胶绝缘层、棉纱编织层、低烟无卤阻燃涂层;并提供了其制备方法,工艺简单;本发明的电缆适合用于环境湿度高和其他移动设备中、长期耐温高,且不易老化,抗拉强度高,安全性能好,可满足低烟、无毒、阻燃、柔软要求,电缆能在90℃高湿温环境下正常供电,对减少设备损失特别可靠,在安装工作状态下,其电缆弯曲半径小、在行业中可创造更多的竞争优势。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆技术领域,具体涉及乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线及其制备方法。
背景技术
众所周知,一般橡皮电缆、电线的绝缘材料都是乙丙橡胶材料,在高温火焰下极易燃烧,失去绝缘作用。而在通信、机械、移动电器行业的产品应用时,其工作状况处于高温、高湿环境中导致在运行时发生短路现象,因而,该电缆外套极易在如此恶劣的环境中损坏。故在连接电极时就需要一种耐高湿温低烟无卤阻燃电缆线。
在国内仍是引进国外的低烟无卤橡皮电缆,由于低烟无卤橡皮配方的设计缺陷与不足,多根电缆线在安装过程中产生很大的物理拉力,在弯曲和运动过程中,多根电缆线互相挤压摩擦,造成电缆过早损坏。
因此,开发新兴的无毒、无腐蚀、阻燃和低烟雾,低烟无卤柔性电缆显得尤为重要;并由其实现高科技、高附加值的产品,电气性能和安全性能都极为优越。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术中存在的缺陷而提供一种乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线及其制备方法,该电缆工艺简单、耐高湿温和防腐蚀性都是非常好的低烟无卤电缆。
本发明的电缆适应长期环境温度90℃要求,能够满足较大的过载能力、耐腐蚀和其他气体、高湿温的环境下使用;其电缆线绝缘层和编织涂层外护套都是耐高温和防水的低烟无卤材料,因此本发明的电缆可以长期在90℃环境下继续保持供电。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,包括铜导体、耐高温聚酯薄膜包带、乙丙橡胶绝缘层、棉纱编织层和低烟无卤阻燃涂层;所述铜导体外层设置有耐高温聚酯薄膜包带;铜导体的绞合各相邻层绞向相反,最外层为左向,绞合节距控制在60~230mm之间;耐高温聚酯薄膜包带依次围绕铜导体外层绕包,搭盖率均控制在15~20%之间,绕包方向均为左向;乙丙橡胶绝缘层设置在耐高温聚酯薄膜包带外层,乙丙橡胶绝缘层标称厚度设置在1.03~2.51mm之间;棉纱编织层设置在乙丙橡胶绝缘层外层,其编织密度≥80%;低烟无卤阻燃涂层设置在棉纱编织层外层,其表面光滑且电缆最小弯曲半径5倍时涂层不脱落;所述乙丙橡胶绝缘层是低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶;所述低烟无卤阻燃涂层是水性环氧树脂混合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种上述低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶的制备方法,具体如下:
将重量份为乙烯-锌烯共聚物10~80份、乙丙橡胶20~90份、氧化锌2~12份、润滑剂2~15份、1~5份的偶联剂A-172、炭黑1~5份、防老剂1~5份和阻燃剂60~190份,加入密炼机中密炼10~25分钟至120~135℃下料过滤后,放置常温待用;
再将上述混合料中加入的0.5~6份重量份的硫化剂,在密炼混合1~3分钟至80~100℃,得到低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶的制备原料中的乙丙橡胶中的乙烯含量为70wt%。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述防老剂包括防老剂RD(2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体)和防老剂MB(2-巯基苯并咪唑)。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述硫化剂包括硫化剂BIBP(1,4—双(叔丁基过氧化异丙基)苯)和硫化剂TAIC(三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯)。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂、硼酸锌和无机氢氧化物的两种及两种以上的混合物,热分解温度≥450℃。
作为本发明的进一步改进,本发明还提供了该低烟无卤电缆线的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
1)经缆芯线放线、缆芯线张力控制、编织机包覆、涂胶机涂胶成型、烘干机烘干和循环式风干机风干得到初级电缆线;
2)将1)中得到的初级电缆线二次涂胶成型、二次烘干和二次风干得到本发明的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线;
3)将2)中得到的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线经牵引机、计米器计米、电缆印字喷码和收线机排线,最终得到成品。
所述步骤1)中,将棉纱编织层通过专用的编织机包覆在乙丙橡胶绝缘层外层,编织密度≥80%。
所述步骤1)中,采用连续硫化工艺将乙丙橡胶绝缘层包覆在耐高温聚酯薄膜包带外层,所述乙丙橡胶绝缘层标称厚度为1.03~2.51mm。
所述步骤1)中,将低烟无卤阻燃涂层通过专用涂胶成型设备,均匀的包覆在棉纱编织电缆线外层,并进行连续烘干,其中烘箱温度设定在180~200℃之间,涂胶后电缆线的涂层不应透光。
本发明的电缆工艺简单、具有载流量大、承载力强、柔性好、无毒、抗腐蚀、阻燃以及低烟雾、安全、环保、高性能的低烟无卤阻燃电缆。是目前国内电缆行业最先进的低烟无卤阻燃防腐蚀电缆。本发明适应电缆长期环境工作温度90℃要求,能够满足较大的过载能力、耐腐蚀和耐紫外光、耐高湿、高温的环境下使用。
本发明电缆,其乙丙橡胶绝缘是热固性无卤低烟材料,最高使用温度瞬间可达到250℃,因此该种电缆不怕高湿温环境,不会老化,工作时棉纱编织护套及低烟无卤涂层不带电,抗拉效果好,寿命长,是配电站、电信发射塔、重型移动设备中应用的新颖供电电缆,更是一种理想的节能环保供电电缆。
附图说明
图1为本发明电缆线的结构示意图;
图2为本发明的生产工艺流程示意图。
其中:1-铜导体、2-耐高温聚酯薄膜包带、3-乙丙橡胶绝缘层、4-棉纱编织层、5-低烟无卤阻燃涂层、6-放线机、7-张力控制器、8-编织机、9-涂胶机、10-烘干机、11-风干机、12-涂胶机、13-烘干机、14-风干机、15-牵引机、16-计米器计米、17-喷码器、18-收线机。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。本发明保护范围不限于实施例,本领域技术人员在本发明权利要求书限定的范围内做出的任何修改或改动均视为本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示,一种乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,由内置外包括:铜导体1、耐高温聚酯薄膜包带2、乙丙橡胶绝缘层3、棉纱编织层4和低烟无卤阻燃涂层5;所述铜导体1外层设置有耐高温聚酯薄膜包带2;铜导体1的绞合各相邻层绞向相反,最外层为左向,绞合节距控制在60~230mm之间;耐高温聚酯薄膜包带2依次围绕铜导体1外层绕包,搭盖率均控制在15~20%之间,绕包方向均为左向;乙丙橡胶绝缘层3设置在耐高温聚酯薄膜包带2外层,乙丙橡胶绝缘标称厚度设置在1.03~2.51mm之间;棉纱编织层4设置在乙丙橡胶绝缘层3外层,其编织密度≥80%;低烟无卤阻燃涂层5设置在棉纱编织层4外层,其表面光滑且电缆最小弯曲半径5倍时涂层不脱落;所述乙丙橡胶绝缘层3是低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶;所述低烟无卤阻燃涂层5是水性环氧树脂混合物。
实施例2
本发明还公开了低烟无卤电缆线的制备方法,如图2所示,依次经过放线机6的缆芯线放线、张力控制器7的缆芯线张力控制、编织机8的包覆、涂胶机9的涂胶成型、烘干机10的烘干和循环式风干机11的风干得到初级电缆线;初级成型电缆线经涂胶机12二次涂胶成型、烘干机13的二次烘干和循环式风干机14的二次风干得到本发明的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线;低烟无卤阻燃电缆线经牵引机15、计米器16计米、喷码器17电缆印字喷码和收线机18排线,最终得到本发明的低烟无卤电缆线。
电缆线通过专用的编织机包覆,编织密度≥80%;再通过专用涂胶成型设备,均匀的包覆在棉纱编织电缆线外层,进行连续烘干,其中烘箱温度设定在180~200℃之间。
其中,进行循环式连续烘干,烘箱温度设定在180~200℃之间,优先选用200℃;涂胶后电缆线的涂层不应透光。
实施例3-6
本发明还公开了所述低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶的制备方法,具体如下:
将重量份为乙烯-锌烯共聚物10—80份、乙丙橡胶20—90份、氧化锌2—12份、润滑剂2—15份、1—5份的偶联剂A-172、炭黑1—5份、防老剂1—5份和阻燃剂60—190份,加入密炼机中密炼10-25分钟至120-135℃下料过滤后,放置常温待用;
再将上述混合料中加入的0.5—6份重量份的硫化剂,在密炼混合1-3分钟至80-100℃,得到低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶。
其中,所述乙丙橡胶中的乙烯含量为70wt%。所述防老剂包括防老剂RD(2,2,4-三甲基-1,2-二氢化喹啉聚合体)和防老剂MB(2-巯基苯并咪唑)。所述硫化剂包括硫化剂BIBP(1,4—双(叔丁基过氧化异丙基)苯)和硫化剂TAIC(三烯丙基异三聚氰酸酯)。所述阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂、硼酸锌和无机氢氧化物的两种以上的混合物,热分解温度≥450℃。
如表1所示,按照上述制备方法采用实施例3-6的配方制备低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶。
表1. 制备低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶的具体实施例
表2 实施例3-6制备的低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶的性能测试结果
由表2所示的本发明制备的低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶各项性能均符合要求。乙丙橡胶绝缘是热固性无卤低烟材料,最高使用温度瞬间可达到250℃,因此该种电缆不怕高湿温环境,不会老化,工作时棉纱编织护套及低烟无卤涂层不带电,抗拉效果好,寿命长,是配电站、电信发射塔、重型移动设备中应用的新颖供电电缆,更是一种理想的节能环保供电电缆。
Claims (10)
1.一种乙丙橡胶绝缘棉纱编织低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,其特征在于:其包括铜导体(1)、耐高温聚酯薄膜包带(2)、乙丙橡胶绝缘层(3)、棉纱编织层(4)和低烟无卤阻燃涂层(5);所述铜导体(1)绞合各相邻层且绞向相反,最外层为左向,绞合节距为60~230mm;所述耐高温聚酯薄膜包带(2)绕包在所述铜导体(1)外层,搭盖率为15~20%,绕包方向均为左向;所述乙丙橡胶绝缘层(3)包覆在所述耐高温聚酯薄膜包带(2)外层,其厚度为1.03~2.51mm;所述棉纱编织层(4)包覆在乙丙橡胶绝缘(3)外层,其编织密度≥80%;所述低烟无卤阻燃涂层(5)设置在棉纱编织层(4)外层;所述乙丙橡胶绝缘层(3)为低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶;所述低烟无卤阻燃涂层(5)为水性环氧树脂混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,其特征在于:所述低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶的制备方法如下:
乙丙橡胶 20—90份
乙烯-锌烯共聚物 10—80份
氧化锌 2—12份
润滑剂 2—15份
偶联剂A-172 1—5份
防老剂 1—5份
阻燃剂 60—190份
炭黑 1—5份
硫化剂 0.5—6份
将上述重量份的乙丙橡胶、乙烯-锌烯共聚物、氧化锌、润滑剂、偶联剂A-172、炭黑、防老剂和阻燃剂,加入密炼机中密炼10-25分钟至120-135℃下料过滤后,放置常温得到混合料A;
将上述混合料A中加入0.5—6份的硫化剂,在密炼机中密炼混合1-3分钟至80-100℃,得到低烟无卤阻燃乙丙橡胶。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,其特征在于:所述乙丙橡胶中的乙烯含量为70wt%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,其特征在于:所述防老剂包括防老剂RD和防老剂MB。
5.根据权利要求2所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,其特征在于:所述硫化剂包括硫化剂BIBP和硫化剂TAIC。
6.根据权利要求2所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线,其特征在于:所述阻燃剂为磷氮系阻燃剂、硼酸锌和无机氢氧化物中两种及两种以上的混合物,热分解温度≥450℃。
7.如权利要求1-6任一项所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线的制备方法,其特征在于:包括如下步骤:
1)经缆芯线放线、缆芯线张力控制、编织机包覆、硫化、涂胶机涂胶成型、烘干机烘干和循环式风干机风干得到初级成型电缆线;
2)将1)中得到的初级成型电缆线二次涂胶成型、二次烘干和二次风干得到本发明的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线;
3)将2)中得到的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线经牵引机、计米器计米、电缆印字喷码和收线机排线,最终得到成品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,将棉纱编织层通过编织机包覆在乙丙橡胶绝缘层外层,编织密度≥80%。
9.根据权利要求7所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,采用连续硫化工艺将乙丙橡胶绝缘层包覆在耐高温聚酯薄膜包带外层,所述乙丙橡胶绝缘层标称厚度为1.03~2.51mm。
10.根据权利要求7所述的低烟无卤阻燃电缆线的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中,将低烟无卤阻燃涂层通过涂胶成型设备,均匀包覆在棉纱编织电缆线外层,并进行连续烘干,烘干温度为180~200℃。
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