CN108590641B - Surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection visualizer - Google Patents
Surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection visualizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108590641B CN108590641B CN201810376010.3A CN201810376010A CN108590641B CN 108590641 B CN108590641 B CN 108590641B CN 201810376010 A CN201810376010 A CN 201810376010A CN 108590641 B CN108590641 B CN 108590641B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 273
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035772 mutation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/008—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by injection test; by analysing pressure variations in an injection or production test, e.g. for estimating the skin factor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/122—Multiple string packers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/127—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mass damage range and permeability measurement, and discloses a surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument which comprises a test probe, a drilling machine, a drill rod and a control operation table. The test probe comprises a front plugging device, a middle plugging device, a tail plugging device, a converter and a communicating pipe, wherein the plugging device comprises a water leakage pipe, a joint and a rubber bag, the joint and the rubber bag are connected to two ends of the water leakage pipe, the rubber bag is wrapped on the periphery of the water leakage pipe and forms a plugging cavity with the water leakage pipe, and an external water source is injected into the plugging cavity to expand the rubber bag and form a water injection cavity with a drill hole. The testing device can utilize the conversion from a plugging high-pressure water source to an observation low-pressure water source to realize that the plugging process and the testing process work under respective pressure under the same water source, reduces the number of pipelines in a drill hole to one, eliminates the winding problem of a drill rod and a hose, and improves the pressure conversion stability and the pushing and measuring efficiency at each time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mass damage range and permeability measurement, and particularly relates to a surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument.
Background
The measurement of the mining fracture zone range and permeability of the rock mass is a basic parameter for researching the rock mass destruction characteristics, and has important significance for further researching the relation between the mining fracture zone range and the rock mass movement rule and a stress field, and the traditional actual measurement device mainly comprises a direct current electric method, a transient electromagnetic method, a micro-seismic detection method and a water pressure test method. The reliability of a water pressure test method is the highest, a traditional device 'double-end side leakage device' is adopted to carry out water injection and drainage test, and the development height or depth of the rock stratum affected by mining is judged. There are two external systems of water injection operation panel and shutoff operation panel among the traditional device, operating personnel is more relatively, it has 2 to correspond the pipeline in the drilling, take place the intertwine problem easily at propulsive in-process, light then cause the device shutoff or observe the process unstable, heavy then break the gas supply line easily, cause the unable normal work of equipment, and, traditional device is a test unit, detection efficiency is low, how can realize the multistage and measure, reduce pipeline quantity in the drilling, and can effectual control water pressure, prior art fails to solve above-mentioned problem simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a multi-section type water injection visualizer for permeability of surrounding rocks comprises a test probe, a control operation platform 38, a drilling machine 14 and a drill rod 12;
the test probe comprises a plugging device, a converter 6 and a communicating pipe 28, wherein the plugging device comprises a front plugging device 35, a middle plugging device 36 and a tail plugging device 37; the stopper comprises a water leakage pipe 3, a joint and a rubber bag 5, wherein the joint and the rubber bag 5 are connected to two ends of the water leakage pipe, the rubber bag 5 is wrapped around the periphery of the water leakage pipe 3, a blocking cavity 30 is formed between the rubber bag and the water leakage pipe 3, an external water source is injected into a water leakage hole in the water leakage pipe 3, the blocking cavity 30 expands the rubber bag 5, and a water injection cavity is formed between the blocking cavity 30 and a drill hole 31;
the drilling machine 14 is connected with the test probe through a drill rod 12 and is used for lengthening and propelling the test probe to a designated area, the drill rod 12 is a hollow rod, is in threaded connection and is detachable, and a high-pressure water source can be conveyed inside the drill rod;
the control operation platform 38 comprises a water discharge switch 15, a flow meter 16, a mechanical pressure gauge 17, a master control switch 18 and an electronic pressure gauge 19, and the control operation platform 38 is connected with the drilling machine 14 through a high-pressure hose 13 and is responsible for providing an external water source with specified pressure for the test probe;
the front plugging device 35 comprises a first connector 2, a water leakage pipe 3, a second connector 4 and a rubber bag 5, wherein the first connector 2 and the second connector 4 are in threaded connection with the water leakage pipe 3, the rubber bag 5 is wound outside the water leakage pipe 3 and fixed outside the first connector 2 and the second connector 4 through a fastening ring 24 to form a plugging cavity 30 with the water leakage pipe 3;
the outer end of the first connector 2 is in threaded connection with a guide head 1, and the guide head 1 plays a role in guiding a test probe to smoothly slide in the drill hole 31;
the middle stopper 36 comprises a joint II 4, a water leakage pipe 3, a joint III 7 and a rubber bag 5, and the rubber bag 5 is fixed outside the joint II 4 and the joint III 7 through a fastening ring 24;
the tail plugging device 37 comprises two connectors III 7, a water leakage pipe 3 and a rubber bag 5, wherein the rubber bag 5 is fixed between the two connectors III 7 through a fastening ring 24;
the outer part of the joint III is in threaded connection with a circular baffle 11, and the diameter of the circular baffle 11 is larger than that of the rubber bag 5, so that the rubber bag 5 is prevented from falling off; the circle center baffle 11 is in threaded connection and can be disassembled, so that the rubber bag 5 can be conveniently replaced;
a first water injection cavity 29 and a second water injection cavity 34 are respectively formed between the front plugging device 35, the middle plugging device 36 and the tail plugging device 37 and the drill hole 31;
the converter 6 comprises a base body, a conversion body 10, a return spring 9 and an adjusting screw 8, and the converter 6 converts a high-pressure water source in the communicating pipe 28 into a low-pressure water source and conveys the low-pressure water source to the first water injection cavity 29 and the second water injection cavity 34;
the converter 6 is provided with a central through hole 32 and four peripheral through holes 33, and the four peripheral through holes 33 are symmetrically distributed around the central through hole 32;
the aperture of the left end of the central through hole 32 is smaller than that of the right end, and the side wall of each peripheral through hole 33 is correspondingly provided with a side leakage hole 25;
the conversion body 10, the reset spring 9 and the adjusting screw 8 are sequentially arranged in the peripheral through hole 33, threads are arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the peripheral through hole 33 and matched with the adjusting screw 8, so that the adjusting screw 8 rotates in the peripheral through hole 33, and the reset spring 9 is compressed to control the opening pressure of the conversion body 10;
the side wall of the adjusting screw 8 is provided with a hexagonal through hole 21, so that the adjusting screw 8 can be rotated conveniently, and the water pressure of the first water injection cavity 29 and the second water injection cavity 34 can be fed back conveniently, and the left end surface of the conversion body 10 can be adjusted conveniently;
the conical conversion body 10 is a cylinder with unequal diameters, the diameter of the left end surface of the conical conversion body is larger than that of the right end surface of the conical conversion body, a sealing conical surface 26 is formed at the transition position of the cylinder with unequal diameters and is matched with the sealing conical surface 26 on the inner wall of the peripheral through hole 33, and the sealing conical surface 26 forms an angle of 30 degrees;
an L-shaped water through hole 23 is formed in the conical conversion body 10, an annular water tank 22 is formed on the cylindrical outer surface close to the left end face of the conical conversion body 10, and the water through hole 23 is communicated with the annular water tank 22; when the external water source pushes the conical conversion body 10 to move leftwards, the annular water tank 22 is communicated with the side leakage hole 20, so that the external water source enters the first water injection cavity 29 or the second water injection cavity 34;
the working principle of the converter 6 is as follows:
(1) when the tapered transition body 10 satisfies PLeft side ofSLeft side of+kx≤PRight sideSRight sideWhen the water is injected into the first water injection cavity 29 or the second water injection cavity 34, the conical conversion body 10 moves leftwards, the annular water tank 22 is communicated with the side leakage hole 20, and water injection observation is carried out on the first water injection cavity 29 or the second water injection cavity 34;
(2) when the tapered transition body 10 satisfies PLeft side ofSLeft side of+kx≥PRight sideSRight sideWhen the water is injected into the water injection cavity, the conical conversion body 10 moves rightwards, the annular water tank 22 is sealed by the inner wall of the peripheral through hole 33, and water supply to the water injection cavity is stopped;
(3) if PRight sideToo large to prevent PRight sideWhen the inner wall of the drilling hole 31 of the water injection cavity part is damaged by extreme water pressure, the conical conversion body 10 moves leftwards until the annular water tank 22 moves to the left end of the side leakage hole 20 to form a secondary sealing effect with the inner wall of the peripheral through hole 33;
wherein, PLeft side ofObserving the water source pressure for the first or second water injection cavity, wherein the water source pressure is about 0.5MPa generally; pRight sideThe pressure of the external water supply is generally about 1.5MPa, SLeft side ofIs the water passing area, S, of the left end surface of the conical conversion bodyRight sideIs a coneThe water passing area of the right end face of the shape conversion body, k is the elastic coefficient of the return spring, and x is the compression amount;
the control operation platform 38 comprises a water drain switch 15, a flow meter 16, a first pressure meter 17, a master control switch 18 and a second pressure meter 19, wherein the water drain switch 15 is responsible for releasing pressure water in the test probe, so that the rubber bag 5 is separated from the drill hole 31, and the drill 14 can conveniently push the test probe; the master control switch 18 is responsible for stopping supplying external water sources, the flow meter 16 is responsible for detecting real-time water quantity input to the test probe by the external water sources, the first pressure meter 17 is a mechanical meter, the second pressure meter 19 is an electronic meter, the readings of the first pressure meter and the second pressure meter are compared and checked with each other, and if the readings are approximately equal, the pressure is effective;
the quantity of water injection cavity, increase according to the demand, the design mode is the same.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) compared with the prior art, the device realizes the plugging and testing integration of the testing probe, reduces the number of pipelines which work simultaneously in the drill hole to be 1, solves the problem that a plurality of pipelines in the drill hole are mutually wound in the propelling process, and improves the stability of the rock mass damage range measuring process.
(2) The device has realized utilizing same external water source, makes observation process and shutoff process work problem under pressure separately, and can avoid observing the destructive action of water source pressure excess to the drilling crack, has improved the accuracy nature of rock mass destruction scope measurement process.
(3) The design of the conical conversion body in the converter, which is internally provided with the return spring and the sealing conical surface, not only facilitates the easy in-time resetting of the conical conversion body, improves the stability of the working process of the converter, but also solves the problem of the sealing property of plugging a water source to observe the conversion of the water source, and ensures the opening pressure.
(4) The design of the adjusting screw with the hexagonal through hole in the converter not only facilitates the compression and the reset spring of the rotating adjusting screw, controls the conical conversion body to have different opening and conversion pressures, has wide adjustment range, adapts to different working requirements, and can enable low-pressure water in the water injection cavity to act on the side surface of the conical conversion body through the feedback of the through hole in the adjusting screw, so that the pressure regulation is more sensitive and balanced.
(5) The design of annular water tank in the toper conversion body can solve the limbers and the converter delivery port non-corresponding problem in the toper conversion body, guarantees no matter how the toper conversion body rotates, and the water in its limbers all can flow to the converter export through annular water tank.
(6) The device has realized once advancing multistage measurement process in proper order, has improved and has advanced observation efficiency at every turn, compares with traditional device, has improved detection speed, has shortened the exploration time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure and observation state of a multi-stage water injection observer for surrounding rock permeability according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief propulsion state of the multi-stage water injection observer for surrounding rock permeability according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a test probe in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a front-middle plugging device of the multi-stage water injection observer for surrounding rock permeability according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle plugging device in the multi-stage water injection observation instrument for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a tail packer in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 7(a) is a front view of a converter structure in the multi-stage water-flooding observation instrument for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 7(b) is a structural side view of a converter in the multi-stage water-flooding observation instrument for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
fig. 8(a) is a schematic view of a static state of a converter in the multi-stage water injection visualizer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the invention;
FIG. 8(b) is a schematic diagram of the working state of the converter in the multi-stage water injection visualizer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the invention;
FIG. 9(a) is a front view of a cone-shaped transition body structure in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 9(b) is a rear view of a cone-shaped transition body structure in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 9(c) is a structural side view of a cone-shaped transition body in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 10(a) is a front view of an adjusting screw structure in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
FIG. 10(b) is a side view of an adjusting screw structure in the multi-stage water injection observer for permeability of surrounding rock according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1, a guide head; 2, connecting the first joint; 3, a water leakage pipe; 4, a second joint; 5, a rubber bag; 6 a converter; 7, a joint III; 8, adjusting screws; 9 a return spring; 10 a conical conversion body; 11 a circular baffle; 12 a drill pipe; 13 a high pressure hose; 14, a drilling machine; 15 a water discharging switch; 16 flow meters; 17, a first pressure gauge; 18 a master control switch; 19, a second pressure gauge; 20 side leak holes; 21 hexagonal through holes; 22 an annular water tank; 23, a water through hole; 24 fastening rings; 25 water leakage holes; 26 sealing the conical surface; 27 rock mass to be measured; 28 communicating pipes; 29, a first water injection cavity; 30, plugging the cavity; 31, drilling a hole; 32 a central through hole; 33 peripheral through holes; no. 34 water injection cavity; 35 a front occluder; 36 a mid-occlusion device; 37 tail occluder; 38 control the console.
Detailed Description
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.
A multi-section type water injection visualizer for permeability of surrounding rocks comprises a test probe, a control operation platform 38, a drilling machine 14 and a drill rod 12;
the test probe comprises a plugging device, a converter 6 and a communicating pipe 28, wherein the plugging device comprises a front plugging device 35, a middle plugging device 36 and a tail plugging device 37; the stopper comprises a water leakage pipe 3, a joint and a rubber bag 5, wherein the joint and the rubber bag 5 are connected with two ends of the water leakage pipe, the rubber bag 5 is wound on the periphery of the water leakage pipe 3, a blocking cavity 30 is formed between the rubber bag and the water leakage pipe 3, an external water source is injected into the blocking cavity 30 to expand the rubber bag 5, and a water injection cavity is formed between the rubber bag and a drill hole 31;
the drilling machine 14 is connected with the test probe through a drill rod 12 and is used for lengthening and propelling the test probe to a designated area, the drill rod 12 is a hollow rod, is in threaded connection and is detachable, and a high-pressure water source can be conveyed inside the drill rod;
the control operation platform 38 comprises a water discharge switch 15, a flow meter 16, a mechanical pressure gauge 17, a master control switch 18 and an electronic pressure gauge 19, and the control operation platform 38 is connected with the drilling machine 14 through a high-pressure hose 13 and is responsible for providing an external water source with specified pressure for the test probe;
the front plugging device 35 comprises a first connector 2, a water leakage pipe 3, a second connector 4 and a rubber bag 5, wherein the first connector 2 and the second connector 4 are in threaded connection with the water leakage pipe 3, the rubber bag 5 is wound outside the water leakage pipe 3 and fixed outside the first connector 2 and the second connector 4 through a fastening ring 24 to form a plugging cavity 30 with the water leakage pipe 3;
the outer end of the first connector 2 is in threaded connection with a guide head 1, and the guide head 1 plays a role in guiding a test probe to smoothly slide in the drill hole 31;
the middle stopper 36 comprises a joint II 4, a water leakage pipe 3, a joint III 7 and a rubber bag 5, and the rubber bag 5 is fixed outside the joint II 4 and the joint III 7 through a fastening ring 24;
the tail plugging device 37 comprises two connectors III 7, a water leakage pipe 3 and a rubber bag 5, wherein the rubber bag 5 is fixed between the two connectors III 7 through a fastening ring 24;
the outer part of the joint III is in threaded connection with a circular baffle 11, and the diameter of the circular baffle 11 is larger than that of the rubber bag 5, so that the rubber bag 5 is prevented from falling off; the circle center baffle 11 is in threaded connection and can be disassembled, so that the rubber bag 5 can be conveniently replaced;
a first water injection cavity 29 and a second water injection cavity 34 are respectively formed between the front plugging device 35, the middle plugging device 36 and the tail plugging device 37 and the drill hole 31;
the converter 6 comprises a base body, a conversion body 10, a return spring 9 and an adjusting screw 8, and the converter 6 converts a high-pressure water source in the communicating pipe 28 into a low-pressure water source and conveys the low-pressure water source to the first water injection cavity 29 and the second water injection cavity 34;
the converter 6 is provided with a central through hole 32 and four peripheral through holes 33, and the four peripheral through holes 33 are symmetrically distributed around the central through hole 32;
the aperture of the left end of the central through hole 32 is smaller than that of the right end, and the side wall of each peripheral through hole 33 is correspondingly provided with a side leakage hole 25;
the conversion body 10, the reset spring 9 and the adjusting screw 8 are sequentially arranged in the peripheral through hole 33, threads are arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the peripheral through hole 33 and matched with the adjusting screw 8, so that the adjusting screw 8 rotates in the peripheral through hole 33, and the reset spring 9 is compressed to control the opening pressure of the conversion body 10;
the side wall of the adjusting screw 8 is provided with a hexagonal through hole 21, so that the adjusting screw 8 can be rotated conveniently, and the water pressure of the first water injection cavity 29 and the second water injection cavity 34 can be fed back conveniently, and the left end surface of the conversion body 10 can be adjusted conveniently;
the conical conversion body 10 is a cylinder with unequal diameters, the diameter of the left end surface of the conical conversion body is larger than that of the right end surface of the conical conversion body, a sealing conical surface 26 is formed at the transition position of the cylinder with unequal diameters and is matched with the sealing conical surface 26 on the inner wall of the peripheral through hole 33, and the sealing conical surface 26 forms an angle of 30 degrees;
an L-shaped water through hole 23 is formed in the conical conversion body 10, an annular water tank 22 is formed on the cylindrical outer surface close to the left end face of the conical conversion body 10, and the water through hole 23 is communicated with the annular water tank 22; when the external water source pushes the conical conversion body 10 to move leftwards, the annular water tank 22 is communicated with the side leakage hole 20, so that the external water source enters the first water injection cavity 29 or the second water injection cavity 34;
the working principle of the converter 6 is as follows:
(1) when the tapered transition body 10 satisfies PLeft side ofSLeft side of+kx≤PRight sideSRight sideWhen the water is injected into the first water injection cavity 29 or the second water injection cavity 34, the conical conversion body 10 moves leftwards, the annular water tank 22 is communicated with the side leakage hole 20, and water injection observation is carried out on the first water injection cavity 29 or the second water injection cavity 34;
(2) when the tapered transition body 10 satisfies PLeft side ofSLeft side of+kx≥PRight sideSRight sideWhen the water is injected into the water injection cavity, the conical conversion body 10 moves rightwards, the annular water tank 22 is sealed by the inner wall of the peripheral through hole 33, and water supply to the water injection cavity is stopped;
(3) if PRight sideToo large to prevent PRight sideWhen extreme water pressure damages the inner wall of the bore 31 of the water filling cavity portion, the cone-shaped transition body 10 moves to the left until it reaches the ringThe water tank 22 moves to the left end of the side leakage hole 20 to form a reclosure effect with the inner wall of the peripheral through hole 33;
wherein, PLeft side ofObserving the water source pressure for the first or second water injection cavity, wherein the water source pressure is about 0.5MPa generally; pRight sideThe pressure of the external water supply is generally about 1.5MPa, SLeft side ofIs the water passing area, S, of the left end surface of the conical conversion bodyRight sideThe water passing area of the right end face of the conical conversion body, k is the elastic coefficient of the return spring, and x is the compression amount;
the control operation platform 38 comprises a water drain switch 15, a flow meter 16, a first pressure meter 17, a master control switch 18 and a second pressure meter 19, wherein the water drain switch 15 is responsible for releasing pressure water in the test probe, so that the rubber bag 5 is separated from the drill hole 31, and the drill 14 can conveniently push the test probe; the master control switch 18 is responsible for stopping supplying external water sources, the flow meter 16 is responsible for detecting real-time water quantity input to the test probe by the external water sources, the first pressure meter 17 is a mechanical meter, the second pressure meter 19 is an electronic meter, the readings of the first pressure meter and the second pressure meter are compared and checked with each other, and if the readings are approximately equal, the pressure is effective;
the observation method of the surrounding rock permeability multi-section water injection observation instrument specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) drilling construction: according to construction requirements, 3-5 drill holes with different directions and inclination angles a are constructed in the region of the rock mass 27 to be measured by using the drilling machine 14, the diameter of each drill hole 31 is 89mm, the length of each drill hole is about 70m, and chips in the drill holes 31 are cleaned;
(2) installing equipment: mounting each part of the test probe, sequentially connecting a drilling machine 14, a drill rod 12, a high-pressure hose 13 and a control operation table 38, and then transferring the test probe to the initial position of the drill hole 31 by using the drilling machine 14;
(3) and (3) sealing and checking: closing a water drain switch 15 of a control operation console 38, opening a master control switch 18, providing detection water pressure for a test probe, carrying out plugging tightness test on the rubber bag 5, if no obvious water leakage phenomenon exists, carrying out the next step of operation, otherwise, returning to the operation of the step (2), and checking the connection and installation conditions of each part until the connection and installation conditions are qualified;
(4) carrying out a pressurized water test: after the sealing inspection is qualified, a water pressing test is carried out to ensure that the test probe is in an initial position,reopening a master control switch 18 on a control operation platform 38 and closing a water drain switch 15, providing a high-pressure water source for the test probe, entering the plugging cavity 30 through a communicating pipe 28 and a water leakage pipe 3, expanding the rubber bag 5 of the front plugging device 35, the middle plugging device 36 and the tail plugging device 37, forming a first water injection cavity 29 and a second water injection cavity 34 with the drill hole 31 respectively, adjusting the pressure of the external water source to gradually rise to 1.5MPa, starting a converter 6 of the pressure of the first water injection cavity 29 at the moment, injecting water into the first water injection cavity 29, and recording the indication Q of the flow meter when the flow meter is stable at the moment after the indication Q is stable at the momenti1Continuing to increase the pressure of the external water source to 1.7MPa, at the moment, closing the converter 6 of the first water injection cavity 29 due to the pressure increase, stopping supplying water to the first water injection cavity 29, opening the converter 6 of the second water injection cavity 34, injecting water into the second water injection cavity 34, and after the flow rate indication number is stable, recording the indication number Q of the flow rate meter at the stable momenti2And recording the detection distance Li1And Li2；
(5) Pressure relief and propulsion: closing the master control switch 18, opening the water drain switch 15, releasing the pressure of the blocking cavity 30, closing the water drain switch 15 after the rubber bag 5 is separated from the drill hole 31, taking another drill rod 12 to lengthen the test probe, propelling the test probe to the next detection area by using the drill 14, and repeating the operation of the step (4) until the full length of the drill hole is detected;
(6) calculating and analyzing: respectively drawing different borehole inflow distribution maps according to the length of the borehole 31 and the corresponding water leakage of the observation hole section, analyzing the fracture development characteristics and permeability characteristics of different positions in the borehole length range, and further combining the borehole inclination angle a of different directions and the accumulated length (namely the water leakage mutation zero point) L of the continuous water leakage sectionn1+Ln2And (n is 1+2+. and k), calculating the damage range of the rock mass with different spatial ranges.
Parts which are not described in the invention can be realized by adopting or referring to the prior art.
Although terms such as tapered converter, etc. are used more often herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded, and those skilled in the art should make simple substitutions to these terms in light of the present disclosure and fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. The multi-section type water injection visualizer for the permeability of the surrounding rock is characterized by comprising a test probe, a control operation table (38), a drilling machine (14) and a drill rod (12);
the test probe comprises a plugging device, a converter (6) and a communicating pipe (28), wherein the plugging device comprises a front plugging device (35), a middle plugging device (36) and a tail plugging device (37); the plugging device comprises a water leakage pipe (3), a connector and a rubber bag (5), wherein the connector and the rubber bag (5) are connected to two ends of the water leakage pipe, the rubber bag (5) wraps the periphery of the water leakage pipe (3) to form a plugging cavity (30) with the water leakage pipe (3), an external water source is injected into the plugging cavity (30) through a water leakage hole (25) in the water leakage pipe (3) to expand the rubber bag (5), and a water injection cavity is formed with a drilling hole (31);
the drilling machine (14) is connected with the test probe through a drill rod (12) and used for lengthening and propelling the test probe to a designated area, the drill rod (12) is a hollow rod, is in threaded connection and detachable, and can convey a high-pressure water source inside;
the control operation platform (38) comprises a water drain switch (15), a flow meter (16), a mechanical pressure gauge (17), a master control switch (18) and an electronic pressure gauge (19), and the control operation platform (38) is connected with the drilling machine (14) through a high-pressure hose (13) and is responsible for providing an external water source with specified pressure for the test probe;
a first water injection cavity (29) and a second water injection cavity (34) are respectively formed among the front plugging device (35), the middle plugging device (36), the tail plugging device (37) and the drill hole (31);
the converter (6) comprises a base body, a conical conversion body (10), a return spring (9) and an adjusting screw (8), and the converter (6) converts a high-pressure water source in the communicating pipe (28) into a low-pressure water source and conveys the low-pressure water source to the first water injection cavity (29) and the second water injection cavity (34);
the converter (6) is provided with a central through hole (32) and four peripheral through holes (33), and the four peripheral through holes (33) are symmetrically distributed around the central through hole (32);
the aperture of the left end of the central through hole (32) is smaller than that of the right end, and the side wall of each peripheral through hole (33) is correspondingly provided with a side leakage hole (20);
the conical conversion body (10), the reset spring (9) and the adjusting screw (8) are sequentially arranged in the peripheral through hole (33), threads are arranged on the inner wall of the left side of the peripheral through hole (33) and are matched with the adjusting screw (8), so that the adjusting screw (8) rotates in the peripheral through hole (33), and the reset spring (9) is compressed to control the opening pressure of the conical conversion body (10);
the side wall of the adjusting screw (8) is provided with a hexagonal through hole (21), so that the adjusting screw (8) can be rotated conveniently, and the water pressure of the first water injection cavity (29) and the second water injection cavity (34) is fed back through the hexagonal through hole (21) and acts on the left end surface of the conical conversion body (10);
the conical conversion body (10) is a cylinder with unequal diameters, the diameter of the left end surface of the conical conversion body is larger than that of the right end surface of the conical conversion body, a sealing conical surface (26) is formed at the transition position of the cylinder with unequal diameters and is matched with the sealing conical surface (26) on the inner wall of the peripheral through hole (33), and the sealing conical surface (26) forms an angle of 30 degrees;
an L-shaped water through hole (23) is formed in the conical conversion body (10), an annular water tank (22) is formed in the cylindrical outer surface close to the left end face of the conical conversion body (10), and the water through hole (23) is communicated with the annular water tank (22); when an external water source pushes the conical conversion body (10) to move leftwards, the annular water tank (22) is communicated with the side leakage hole (20), so that the external water source enters the first water injection cavity (29) or the second water injection cavity (34);
the working principle of the converter (6) is as follows:
(1) when the conical transition body (10) satisfies PLeft side ofSLeft side of+kx≤PRight sideSRight sideWhen the water is poured, the conical conversion body (10) moves leftwards, the annular water tank (22) is communicated with the side leakage hole (20), and the first water injection cavity (29) or the second water injection cavity is filled with waterThe cavity (34) is observed by water injection;
(2) when the conical transition body (10) satisfies PLeft side ofSLeft side of+kx≥PRight sideSRight sideWhen the water is filled into the water filling cavity, the conical conversion body (10) moves rightwards, the annular water tank (22) is sealed by the inner wall of the peripheral through hole (33), and water supply to the water filling cavity is stopped;
(3) if PRight sideToo large to prevent PRight sideWhen the inner wall of a drilling hole (31) of the water injection cavity part is damaged by extreme water pressure, the conical conversion body (10) moves leftwards until the annular water tank (22) moves to the left end of the side leakage hole (20) to form a secondary sealing effect with the inner wall of the peripheral through hole (33);
wherein, PLeft side ofObserving the water source pressure of the first or second water injection cavity at 0.5 MPa; pRight sideThe pressure of an external supply water source is 1.5MPa, SLeft side ofIs the water passing area S of the left end surface of the conical conversion body (10)Right sideThe water passing area of the right end face of the conical conversion body (10), k is the elastic coefficient of the return spring (9), and x is the compression amount;
the control operation platform (38) comprises a water drain switch (15), a flow meter (16), a mechanical pressure meter (17), a master control switch (18) and an electronic pressure meter (19), wherein the water drain switch (15) is responsible for releasing pressure water in the test probe, so that the rubber bag (5) is separated from the drill hole (31) and the test probe can be conveniently pushed by the drilling machine (14); the master control switch (18) is responsible for stopping supplying of an external water source, the flow meter (16) is responsible for detecting the real-time water quantity input from the external water source to the test probe, readings of the mechanical pressure gauge (17) and the electronic pressure gauge (19) are compared and tested with each other, and if the readings are approximately equal, the pressure is indicated to be effective.
2. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument is characterized in that the front plugging device (35) comprises a first connector (2), a water leakage pipe (3), a second connector (4) and a rubber bag (5), wherein the first connector (2) and the second connector (4) are in threaded connection with the water leakage pipe (3), the rubber bag (5) is wound outside the water leakage pipe (3) and fixed outside the first connector (2) and the second connector (4) through a fastening ring (24), and a plugging cavity (30) is formed between the rubber bag and the water leakage pipe (3); the outer end of the first connector (2) is in threaded connection with the guide head (1), and the guide head (1) plays a role in guiding the test probe to smoothly slide in the drill hole (31).
3. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the middle stopper (36) comprises a second joint (4), a water leakage pipe (3), a third joint (7) and a rubber bag (5), and the rubber bag (5) is fixed on the outer portions of the second joint (4) and the third joint (7) through a fastening ring (24).
4. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tail stopper (37) comprises two connectors three (7), a water leakage pipe (3) and a rubber bag (5), and the rubber bag (5) is fixed between the two connectors three (7) through a fastening ring (24).
5. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument of claim 3, wherein the tail stopper (37) is composed of two connectors three (7), a water leakage pipe (3) and a rubber bag (5), and the rubber bag (5) is fixed between the two connectors three (7) through a fastening ring (24).
6. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument of claim 4, wherein the three joints are externally screwed with a circular baffle (11), and the diameter of the circular baffle (11) is larger than that of the rubber bag (5) so as to prevent the rubber bag (5) from falling off; the round baffle (11) is in threaded connection and can be detached, so that the rubber bag (5) can be replaced conveniently.
7. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument of claim 5, wherein the three outer parts of the joint are in threaded connection with a circular baffle (11), and the diameter of the circular baffle (11) is larger than that of the rubber bag (5) so as to prevent the rubber bag (5) from falling off; the round baffle (11) is in threaded connection and can be detached, so that the rubber bag (5) can be replaced conveniently.
8. The multi-stage surrounding rock permeability water injection observation instrument as claimed in claim 1, 2, 5, 6 or 7, wherein the number of water injection cavities is increased according to requirements and the design mode is the same.
9. The surrounding rock permeability multi-section type water injection observation instrument of claim 4, wherein the number of the water injection cavities is increased according to requirements, and the design mode is the same.
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| CN202393921U (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2012-08-22 | 山东科技大学 | Detecting and drilling device for overlying strata water-flowing fractured zone monitoring system |
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