CN108575924A - A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device - Google Patents

A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108575924A
CN108575924A CN201810206122.4A CN201810206122A CN108575924A CN 108575924 A CN108575924 A CN 108575924A CN 201810206122 A CN201810206122 A CN 201810206122A CN 108575924 A CN108575924 A CN 108575924A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
etting
cylinder
net
mesh
square mesh
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Pending
Application number
CN201810206122.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨炳忠
张鹏
晏磊
李�杰
谭永光
杨吝
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South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
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South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
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Publication date
Application filed by South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences filed Critical South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
Priority to CN201810206122.4A priority Critical patent/CN108575924A/en
Publication of CN108575924A publication Critical patent/CN108575924A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K73/00Drawn nets
    • A01K73/02Trawling nets

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention proposes a kind of shrimp disease selectivity device, including cylinder etting, guiding net, lateral separation grid, is longitudinally separated grid, escape mouth, square mesh body, net capsule and longitudinal manrope.Cylinder etting tail end connects net capsule, and the square mesh body is also associated between cylinder etting and net capsule, and square mesh body is no tubercle square mesh etting, and back offers square mesh escape window;Cylinder etting, square mesh body, net capsule both sides be provided with longitudinal manrope, the longitudinal direction manrope is polythene rope.Guiding net is located inside cylinder etting, for the small funnel-form in the big one end in one end, and the big end of guiding net and the arrival end of cylinder etting suture, and the abdomen of the corresponding cylinder etting of small end of guiding net is provided with lateral separation grid, the outlet end of cylinder etting, which is equipped with, is longitudinally separated grid, and cylinder etting offers escape mouth.The present invention may be implemented to obtain in the kind of object and species segregation pair.

Description

A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device
Technical field
The present invention relates to fishing gear fields, particularly relate to a kind of shrimp disease selectivity device.
Background technology
With the decline of the high-quality stock of fish of tradition, using shrimps as the utility value of the shell-fish resource of representative increasingly by To attention.Meanwhile compared with fish, the life cycle of shrimps is short, can bear larger fishing pressure.Shrimp disease is fishing shrimp The highest fishing gear of class resource efficiency.But since the individual of shrimp is typically small, and it is distributed mainly on that a variety of fishery resources are mixed to dwell In-shore fishery, this results in the non-targeted types other than shrimp disease inevitably a large amount of simultaneous shrimping classes (to be also known as secondary fishery harvesting Object).Especially be distributed across the torrid zone, subtropical seas shrimp disease, by-catch and its to abandon problem the most serious.For example, southern The shrimp disease catches in sea further include fish, crab class, shellfish and siphonopods other than targeted species shrimp.In addition, due to existing Shrimp disease mesh of cod-end is small-sized (generally 15~20mm) so that juvenile prawn ratio is higher in shrimps catches, is provided to shrimps Source recruitment stock quantity produces harmful effect.For the above problem of shrimp disease, to promote the sustainable development of shrimp disease fishery Exhibition is engaged in than starting in terms of following two:1) Interspecies selection for improving shrimp disease, that is, utilize device by the secondary fishery harvesting of shrimp disease Object is separated;2) selectivity in the kind of shrimp disease is improved, i.e., is discharged the juvenile prawn of shrimp disease using device.Such as application number A kind of adjustable trawlnet fish shrimp separating device is provided for 200710116337.9 patent of invention, only by logical to separate gate Cross the separation that size carries out fishes and shrimps;A kind of disclosed flexible dragging span of resilient support of application number 201010111610.0 A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device of hexagonal mesh net chip architecture disclosed in device and application number 201010130062.6, all From the angle to protect fishery resourses, the injury to fishes and shrimps is effectively prevented, but still fails to solve to plant interior and kind in catches Between the problem of selecting;Application No. is pole trawl net sheet type fishes and shrimps separating device disclosed in 200920067115.7, and it is main logical The design for crossing mesh reaches catches separation, and separating effect is not ideal enough.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shrimp disease selectivity devices, improve the inter-species of shrimp disease simultaneously by the device With selectivity in kind, promote the sustainable development of shrimp disease fishery.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device, including cylinder etting and be connected to The net capsule of the cylinder etting tail end, which is characterized in that further include guiding net and the square mesh body with square mesh escape window;
The guiding net is located inside cylinder etting, is tubular body, the corresponding cylinder etting of tail end of the guiding net Abdomen be provided with lateral separation grid, the outlet end of the cylinder etting, which is equipped with, is longitudinally separated grid, and the two of cylinder etting outlet end Side opens up side escape mouth, and back offers back escape mouth;
It is connected with the square mesh body between the outlet end and the net capsule of the cylinder etting.
Preferentially, the guiding net is the small funnel-form in the big one end in one end, and the big end of the guiding net and the cylinder The arrival end of etting sutures, and the tail end of the guiding net is small end.
Preferentially, there is the lateral separation grid wide end and narrow end, wide end to be aligned in vertical direction with the small end of guiding net, Narrow end is aligned with the lower end for being longitudinally separated grid.
Preferentially, the lateral separation grid are steel, and wide end grows 1~1.5m, and narrow end grows 0.6~1m, wide end grizzly bar spacing 35~45mm, narrow end grizzly bar 25~30mm of spacing, 0 °~20 ° of mounted angle, and wide end is vertical with the small end of the guiding net 0.5~0.8m of distance.
Preferentially, the grid that are longitudinally separated are steel and are in the rectangle with arc-shaped edges, long 0.9~1.8m, wide 0.6~1m, Grizzly bar 25~30mm of spacing, 60 °~80 ° of mounted angle.
Preferentially, the arrival end circumference of the cylinder etting stretches long 5~10m, longitudinally straightened 3~8m of length, diamond mesh, net 35~45mm of mesh size, the guiding net big end circumference is identical as the arrival end circumference of cylinder etting, and small end circumference is drawn 1~2m of straight perimeter, diamond mesh, 25~30mm of size of mesh.
Preferentially, the square mesh body grows 4~6m, for no tubercle square mesh etting, 35~55m of size of mesh, the square mesh Escape window is opened in square mesh body back, long 2~3m, wide 1~2m, 60~80mm of size of mesh of square mesh escape window.
Preferentially, the longitudinally straightened 1~2m of length of the net capsule, diamond mesh, 25~35mm of size of mesh.
Preferentially, the cylinder etting, square mesh body, net capsule both sides be provided with longitudinal manrope, the longitudinal direction manrope is second Synthetic fibre rope.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:The shrimp disease selectivity device of the present invention take full advantage of shrimps and fish, shellfish, The difference of crab class and cephalopodous Burden-Swimming Ability of KM and build, using horizontal and vertical two separate gates and square mesh body and side Shape mesh escape window is combined, and has not only improved the Interspecies selection of shrimp disease, but also improves selectivity in the kind of shrimp disease, is The sustainable development of shrimp disease fishery provides technical support.
Description of the drawings
Using embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of shrimp disease selectivity device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of square mesh body of the present invention.
In attached drawing:1- ettings;2- guiding nets;3- lateral separation grid;4- is longitudinally separated grid;5- escape mouths;51- escapes side Escape mouth;The backs 52- escape mouth;6- square mesh bodies;61- square mesh ettings;62- square mesh escape windows;7- net capsules;The longitudinal directions 8- manrope.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device as illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, including it is cylinder etting 1, guiding net 2, lateral separation grid 3, vertical To separate gate 4, escape mouth 5, square mesh body 6, net capsule 7 and longitudinal manrope 8.Cylinder 1 tail end of etting connects net capsule 7, and 1 He of cylinder etting The square mesh body 6 is also associated between net capsule 7, the square mesh body 6 is no tubercle square mesh etting 62, the back side of offering Mesh escape window 61;The cylinder etting 1, square mesh body 6, net capsule 7 both sides be provided with longitudinal manrope 8, the longitudinal direction manrope 8 is second Synthetic fibre rope.
Guiding net 2 is located inside cylinder etting 1, is the small funnel-form tubular body in the big one end in one end, and guiding net 2 is big End is sutured with the arrival end of cylinder etting 1, and the abdomen of the corresponding cylinder etting of the small end of guiding net 21 is provided with lateral separation grid 3, cylinder The outlet end of etting 1, which is equipped with, is longitudinally separated grid 4, and cylinder etting 1 offers escape mouth 5.
As a kind of preferred embodiment, the arrival end circumference of cylinder etting 1 stretches long 5~10m, longitudinally straightened 3~8m of length, water chestnut Shape mesh, 35~45mm of size of mesh, 2 big end circumference of guiding net is identical as the arrival end circumference of the cylinder etting 1, small end Circumference stretches 1~2m of perimeter, and guiding net 2 is also diamond mesh, 25~30mm of size of mesh.7 longitudinally straightened 1~2m of length of net capsule, Diamond mesh, 25~35mm of size of mesh.
Being installed on lateral separation grid 3 on an etting 1 has wide end and a narrow end, and the small end of wide end and guiding net 2 is vertical Direction is aligned, and narrow end is aligned with the lower end for being longitudinally separated grid 4.And lateral separation grid 3 are steel with grid 4 are longitudinally separated, Wherein lateral separation grid 3 are the isosceles trapezoidal structure of two splits, and the wide end of lateral separation grid 3 grows 1~1.5m, narrow end length 0.6 ~1m, wide end grizzly bar 35~45mm of spacing, narrow end grizzly bar 25~30mm of spacing, 0 °~20 ° of mounted angle, wide end and the guiding Small end 0.5~0.8m of vertical range of net, two isosceles trapezoidal structures of lateral separation grid 3, the trapezoidal height of one thicker end Trapezoidal height for 0.5~0.8m, narrow end is 0.4~0.7m.
The grid 4 that are longitudinally separated of steel are in the rectangle with arc-shaped edges, are set to the outlet end in cylinder etting 1, and take outlet The cavity of the whole cross section at end, long 0.9~1.8m, wide 0.6~1m, grizzly bar 25~30mm of spacing, 60 °~80 ° of mounted angle.
The escape mouth 5 of cylinder etting 1 includes that the side escape mouth 51 that the both sides of 1 outlet end of cylinder etting open up and back open up Back escape mouth 52, be triangle escape mouth, wherein side escape mouth 51 bottom edge and be longitudinally separated grid 4 side weight It closes, triangle escapes open height as 0.5~1m.The bottom edge of back escape mouth 52 is overlapped with the top for being longitudinally separated grid 4, triangle Escape open height is 0.5~1m.
Square mesh body grows 4~6m, for cylindrical etting, 2~5m of circumference circle, 35~55m of size of mesh, square mesh escape window 61 are opened in 6 back of square mesh body, the length 2~3m, wide 1~2m, 60~80mm of size of mesh of square mesh escape window.
The application method of the device is as follows:First according to the related data of former shrimp disease net figure by the drawing of the cylinder etting of the device Straight perimeter is set, and by cutting out and suturing, the net capsule of former shrimp disease is replaced with the present apparatus, then carries out fishing operation.Fishing In the process, the catches of fishing can be all oriented to lateral separation grid 3 by guiding net 2, wherein the swimming of shellfish, small fish and shrimp Ability is very weak, can only drift with the tide under the effect of dragging of fishing boat high speed (general 3kn), the guiding net 2 that the present invention is arranged and cross To having certain vertical range between separate gate 3, shellfish, small fish and small shrimps can contact cross under the action of hydrodynamic force and gravity It is separated across grizzly bar spacing after to separate gate 3, fish, siphonopods, shrimps and the crab class of big individual are due to its energy of swimming Power is strong, in addition build is big, can keep certain swimming state.Crab class is very capable due to creeping, they can pass through side Escape mouth 51 or back escape 52 active of mouth escape out, and individual fish and siphonopods, which can be hidden, greatly is longitudinally separated grid 4 upstream Dynamic to be escaped out from back escape 52 active of mouth, shrimps and fraction fish pass through the grizzly bar spacing side of entrance for being longitudinally separated grid 4 Mesh body 6, the relatively stronger fish of Burden-Swimming Ability of KM may further pass through the square mesh escape window 61 of square mesh body 6 or the net of rectangular body 6 Interocular distance is actively escaped.It is captured that the relatively weak shrimps of Burden-Swimming Ability of KM eventually enter into net capsule 7.Realize the secondary fishery harvesting of shrimp disease Species segregation and kind in juvenile prawn separation.
Shrimp disease net capsule is to major capture species before and after illustrating to install patent of the present invention below by two groups of test datas Fishery harvesting effect.In South Sea in-shore fishery to not installing the shrimp disease net capsule (size of mesh 25mm) of device of the invention selective Carry out set net method experiment, the results showed that:The escapement ratio (including mantissa and weight escapement ratio) of each main catches is very low, is shown in Table 1, other than cardinal fish, Hong Lang Ya Acenthogobius flavimanus and yellow spot fish, respectively less than 10%;, this hair is mounted in same fishing ground use The shrimp disease of bright selectivity device is tested, the results showed that:The escapement ratio of fish greatly improves, and is shown in Table 2, more than 50%, Although the escapement ratio of shrimps increases, but be no more than 7%, and the fishery harvesting quantity of crab class is few, and it is zero that can ignore.Thus may be used See, is mounted with that the escapement ratio of the by-catch of shrimp disease net capsule after patent of the present invention significantly improves.And the yield of targeted species shrimp It is substantially unaffected.Targeted species are Zhou Shixin prawns and the new prawn of knife volume in South Sea fishing ground in this experiment.
Note:The calculation formula of mantissa (weight) escapement ratio is in Tables 1 and 2:Cover net tail number (weight)/[set net tail number (weight Amount)+net capsule mantissa (weight)].
Shrimp disease net capsule fishery harvesting escapement ratio counts before table 1 installs this selectivity device
Table 2 installs the catches escapement ratio statistics of shrimp disease net capsule after this selectivity device
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not limiting the scope of the present invention, this hair Bright embodiment is without being limited thereto, all this kind the above according to the present invention, according to this field ordinary technical knowledge and Customary means, under the premise of not departing from above-mentioned basic fundamental thought of the invention, other a variety of shapes that invention above structure is made Modification, replacement or the change of formula, should all fall within the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of shrimp disease selectivity device, including cylinder etting and the net capsule for being connected to the cylinder etting tail end, which is characterized in that Further include guiding net and the square mesh body with square mesh escape window;
The guiding net is located inside cylinder etting, is tubular body, the abdomen of the corresponding cylinder etting of tail end of the guiding net Portion is provided with lateral separation grid, and the outlet end of the cylinder etting, which is equipped with, is longitudinally separated grid, and the both sides of cylinder etting outlet end are opened The mouth if side is escaped, back offer back escape mouth;
It is connected with the square mesh body between the outlet end and the net capsule of the cylinder etting.
2. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The guiding net is that the big one end in one end is small Funnel-form, and the arrival end of the big end of the guiding net and the cylinder etting sutures, and the tail end of the guiding net is small end.
3. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The lateral separation grid have wide end and Narrow end, wide end are aligned with the small end of guiding net in vertical direction, and narrow end is aligned with the lower end for being longitudinally separated grid.
4. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The lateral separation grid are steel, wide Long 1~the 1.5m in end, narrow end grow 0.6~1m, wide end grizzly bar 35~45mm of spacing, narrow end grizzly bar 25~30mm of spacing, mounted angle 0 °~20 °, and 0.5~0.8m of small end vertical range of wide end and the guiding net.
5. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The grid that are longitudinally separated are steel and are in Rectangle with arc-shaped edges, long 0.9~1.8m, wide 0.6~1m, grizzly bar 25~30mm of spacing, 60 °~80 ° of mounted angle.
6. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The arrival end circumference of the cylinder etting is drawn Straight long 5~10m, longitudinally straightened 3~8m of length, diamond mesh, 35~45mm of size of mesh, the guiding net big end circumference and institute The arrival end circumference for stating an etting is identical, and small end circumference stretches 1~2m of perimeter, diamond mesh, 25~30mm of size of mesh.
7. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The square mesh body grows 4~6m, is nothing Tubercle square mesh etting, 35~55m of size of mesh, the square mesh escape window are opened in square mesh body back, and long 2~3m is wide by 1 ~2m, 60~80mm of size of mesh of square mesh escape window.
8. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Longitudinally straightened 1~the 2m of length of net capsule, Diamond mesh, 25~35mm of size of mesh.
9. shrimp disease selectivity device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:The cylinder etting, square mesh body, net capsule Both sides be provided with longitudinal manrope, the longitudinal direction manrope is polythene rope.
CN201810206122.4A 2018-03-13 2018-03-13 A kind of shrimp disease selectivity device Pending CN108575924A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111528185A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-14 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Anti-blocking releasing device for continuous fishing of euphausia superba trawl
CN111642469A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-11 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Bag-shaped net and method for acquiring escape rate of caught object from trawl mesh by using same
CN111802338A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-23 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Duct type antarctic krill trawl selectivity device
CN111802337A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-23 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Euphausia superba trawl dual-selectivity device structure
CN112005971A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-01 浙江海洋大学 Trawl equipment using camera monitoring and turtle escaping device
CN112005972A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-01 浙江海洋大学 Tortoise removing trawl net structure with camera device
CN115362995A (en) * 2022-08-24 2022-11-22 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Net-opening net bag capable of effectively reducing proportion of juvenile fish and juvenile shrimp

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ500621A (en) * 1999-10-15 2001-11-30 Squid Fishery Man Company Ltd Apparatus for ejecting a non-target species from a fishing net
KR100878839B1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2009-01-14 대한민국 Bycatch reduction device for shrimp trawl
CN205266673U (en) * 2015-10-15 2016-06-01 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Shrimp trawlnet net bag

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ500621A (en) * 1999-10-15 2001-11-30 Squid Fishery Man Company Ltd Apparatus for ejecting a non-target species from a fishing net
KR100878839B1 (en) * 2008-09-04 2009-01-14 대한민국 Bycatch reduction device for shrimp trawl
CN205266673U (en) * 2015-10-15 2016-06-01 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Shrimp trawlnet net bag

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111802338A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-23 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Duct type antarctic krill trawl selectivity device
CN111802337A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-23 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Euphausia superba trawl dual-selectivity device structure
CN111802337B (en) * 2020-05-25 2022-03-04 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Euphausia superba trawl dual-selectivity device structure
CN111528185A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-14 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Anti-blocking releasing device for continuous fishing of euphausia superba trawl
CN111642469A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-11 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 Bag-shaped net and method for acquiring escape rate of caught object from trawl mesh by using same
CN112005971A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-01 浙江海洋大学 Trawl equipment using camera monitoring and turtle escaping device
CN112005972A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-12-01 浙江海洋大学 Tortoise removing trawl net structure with camera device
CN112005971B (en) * 2020-08-18 2022-03-29 浙江海洋大学 Trawl equipment using camera monitoring and turtle escaping device
CN115362995A (en) * 2022-08-24 2022-11-22 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 Net-opening net bag capable of effectively reducing proportion of juvenile fish and juvenile shrimp

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Application publication date: 20180928