CN108575735A - A kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding eurytopicity millet variety - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding eurytopicity millet variety Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding eurytopicity millet, is flutterred net herbicide millet strain with eurytopicity, high yield Millet Variety and anti-take and be returned, field phenotype judges to combine seedling spraying herbicide, obtains true hybridization single plant；Then eurytopicity, high yield Millet Variety and anti-take are flutterred into net herbicide millet variety (being) progress continuous backcross, selection, effectively eliminates the unfavorable variation of offspring, is quickly obtained the excellent backcrossing strain containing anti-herbicide gene.Then, millet new lines are carried out into multiple spot in planted in different ecological areas and shifts to an earlier date qualification test, selection yield in multispots trial comes out at the top, comprehensive good, and the strain of obvious shortcoming does not participate in national millet variety joint qualification test.Entire breeding process, different generations breeding material, which alternately shuttles in Anyang and Hainan, plants, that is, genotype by environment interaction is utilized, effectively selection and identification wide adaptability millet new material, shorten the breeding time limit again, improves a kind of breeding method of efficient selection and breeding wide adaptability millet of breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to millet selection cross technical field, specially a kind of selection and breeding rapidly and efficiently extensively fit, high yield millet
The breeding method of new varieties.
Background technology
Millet drought resisting is barren-resistant, breeding time is short, and high financial profit, seed is full of nutrition, doctor's food homology, is to cope with the non-future
The strategy reserve crop of beneficial serious shortage of water resources, and the preferred crop of current China dry land agriculture cropping pattern optimization adjustment.
Currently, Millet Variety selection and breeding mostly use breeding by crossing, i.e., conventional Millet Breeding method includes screening core
Germplasm, configuration cross combination, systematic breeding.However, obtaining majority by interbreed offspring's isolation and selection has
The kind that sharp gene loci is homozygous or gene is pure, generally requires 6-7（Generation）, assemble the production with precise Identification progeny material
The processes such as power, resistance and adaptability, and enter Joint National qualification test, it usually needs 5-6.It follows that selection and breeding
Millet Variety is combined in production from configuration and uses, and needs at least 10 years or more time.Traditional breeding way relies primarily on
Phenotype selects purpose character, and it is long that there are breeding cycles, less efficient, and blindness is big, thus cannot meet millet variety
The needs of the replacement restrict the further development of millet industry.
Therefore it provides a kind of field is easily observed, backcrossing is simple, and not only breeding efficiency is high, but also the millet of time and labour saving educates
Kind method, is a good problem to study.
Invention content
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, the present invention provides it is a kind of can make light, temperature, water, fertilizer, soil, disease,
Worm, inverse, cropping system comprehensive function are in segregating population, the rapidly and efficiently breeding side of selection and breeding wide adaptability, high yield Millet Variety
Method.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding eurytopicity Millet Variety is taken with eurytopicity, high yield Millet Variety with anti-
It flutters net herbicide millet strain to be returned, field phenotype judges to combine seedling spraying herbicide, obtains true hybridization single plant；Then
Eurytopicity, high yield Millet Variety and anti-take are flutterred into net herbicide millet strain progress continuous backcross, selection, effectively eliminating property
The unfavorable variation of shape and body cell is quickly obtained the excellent backcrossing strain containing anti-herbicide gene；Then, by millet new lines
Carry out multiple spot in planted in different ecological areas and shift to an earlier date qualification test, selection yield in multispots trial comes out at the top, comprehensive good, not bright
The strain of aobvious defect participates in national millet variety and combines qualification test；Entire breeding process, different generations breeding material alternately exist
Anyang and Hainan, which are shuttled, plants, that is, genotype by environment interaction is utilized, effectively selection and identification wide adaptability millet new material,
Shorten the breeding time limit again, improves breeding efficiency；
The wide adaptability, high yield millet variety include Henan paddy 31 and Henan paddy 32；
The breeding method of the Henan paddy 31, includes the following steps：
31 cultivar origin of Henan paddy：It is that the Henan paddy 18 of Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences selection and breeding and excellent anti-take flutter net strain peace 12-4071
Selection cross kind, it is described excellent anti-to take that flutter net strain peace 12-4071 be 18 filial generation intermediate materials of Henan paddy；
First Year：Anyang summer（The north positive season, abbreviation Anyang, similarly hereinafter）Hybridized with Henan paddy 18 with peace 12-4071,
The florescence is fitted in the heading of Henan paddy 18, for ease of pollination, is cut the small code in upper and lower part on grain ear with hybridization scissors, stays in the middle part of tassel
Small code carries out the small code in middle part to dredge code, cuts off 1/3, pollinated with the pollen of peace 12-4071, and maturity period harvest hybridization fringe 2 mixes
It receives；
Hainan in Winter（South anti-season, abbreviation Hainan, similarly hereinafter）Plant F1, seedling spraying herbicide, which is taken, flutters net, florescence and Yu Gu
No. 18 backcrossings, obtain F1BC1, harvest 5 backcrossing fringes；
Second year：It is planted in Anyang, in F1BC1Stalk strain of short stem and Henan paddy 18 during selection is similar with 18 character of Henan paddy in group
Backcrossing, obtains F1BC2, 7 backcrossing single plants having a clear superiority；
Winter in 2014 plants F in Hainan breeding1BC2In generation, stalk is compact in selection, and fringe is big, the good single plant of robustness and Henan paddy 18 are returned, and obtains
To F1BC3, it is selected in 20 single fringes；
Third year：Carry out multispots trial in different regions respectively, such as Anyang, Jilin, Yulin, Chifeng and Fenyang area, carries out not
It is identified with ecotope millet seed materials adaptability.Seedling spraying, which is taken, flutters net screening resistance, from lodging resistance, disease resistance, and the maturity period,
Plant height, the character screenings such as filling rate, robustness, it is anti-fall, disease-resistant good to select, and the ripe phase is moderate, plant height 110-120cm, spike length phase
Preferably, fringe code is uniform, and grouting is fast, and robustness is good, and yield comes out at the top in multispots trial, without obvious shortcoming and plant type samsara
The similar strain of parent is selected；
In Hainan plus generation, with yield traits for main selection target, from percentage of earbearing tiller height, robustness is good, and millet commodity is good, anti-fall
After disease resistance synthesis measurement, area code 15h-8216 has outstanding performance, and neat, stable, anti-take is flutterred only, is named as Henan paddy 31.
The breeding method of the Henan paddy 32, includes the following steps：
It is that backcrossing is maternal that 32 kind of Henan paddy, which is with Henan paddy 18, excellent anti-to take that flutter net strain peace 12-4073 be antiweed donor turn
The millet new lines educated, it is described excellent anti-to take that flutter net strain peace 12-4073 be 18 filial generation intermediate materials of Henan paddy；
First Year：Anyang summer（The north positive season, abbreviation Anyang, similarly hereinafter）Hybridized with Henan paddy 18 with peace 12-4073,
The florescence is fitted in the heading of Henan paddy 18, for ease of pollination, is cut the small code in upper and lower part on grain ear with hybridization scissors, stays in the middle part of tassel
Small code carries out the small code in middle part to dredge code, cuts off 1/3, pollinated with the pollen of peace 12-4073, and maturity period harvest hybridization fringe 2 mixes
It receives；
Hainan in Winter（South anti-season, abbreviation Hainan, similarly hereinafter）Plant F1, seedling spraying herbicide, which is taken, flutters net, florescence and Yu Gu
No. 18 backcrossings, obtain F1BC1, harvest 5 backcrossing fringes；
Second year：It is planted in Anyang, in F1BC1Strain of short stem is returned with Henan paddy 18 during selection is similar with 18 character of Henan paddy in group
It hands over, obtains F1BC2, 6 backcrossing single plants having a clear superiority；
Winter in 2014 plants F in Hainan breeding1BC2In generation, stalk is compact in selection, and fringe is big, the good single plant of robustness and Henan paddy 18 are returned, and obtains
To F1BC3, it is selected in 15 single fringes；
Third year：Carry out multispots trial in different regions respectively, such as Anyang, Jilin, Yulin, Chifeng and Fenyang area, carries out not
It is identified with ecotope millet seed materials adaptability.Seedling spraying, which is taken, flutters net screening resistance, from lodging resistance, disease resistance, and the maturity period,
Plant height, the character screenings such as filling rate, robustness, it is anti-fall, disease-resistant good to select, and the ripe phase is moderate, plant height 110-120cm, spike length phase
Preferably, fringe code is uniform, and grouting is fast, and robustness is good, and yield comes out at the top in multispots trial, without obvious shortcoming and plant type samsara
The similar strain of parent is selected.
In Hainan plus generation, with yield traits for main selection target, from percentage of earbearing tiller height, robustness is good, and millet commodity is good,
After anti-fall disease resistance synthesis measurement, area code 15h-8306 has outstanding performance, and neat, stable, anti-take is flutterred only, is named as Henan paddy 32.
Positive beneficial effect：The present invention makes full use of Hainan Province of China autumn and winter to enrich sunlight-heat reaources using shuttle breeding,
Replace selection and breeding by north and south, 1 year 2 generation of selection and breeding accelerated generation process, shortened the breeding time limit, general 3-4（6-8 generations）It can be bred as
Stablize strain；Simultaneously as the North and South and positive and negative season ecological condition difference are apparent, election identification of shuttling improves the adaptation of kind
Property；
Millet strain is identified by planted in different ecological areas multispots trial, create it is a kind of can make light, temperature, water, fertilizer, soil, disease,
Worm, inverse, cropping system comprehensive function improve the adaptability and breeding efficiency of kind in segregating population；Anti-herbicide gene
It utilizes, helps breeder to judge that true cenospecies, entire selection and breeding improve the drug resistance of kind from generation to generation all in herbicide spraying, reject
False positive single plant；By backcrossing means, anti-herbicide gene is imported into recurrent parent, fast quick-recovery recurrent parent has other excellent
Benign shape.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 31 breeding time flow chart of Henan paddy；
Fig. 2 is 31 breeding time flow chart of Henan paddy.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described further：
A kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding wide adaptability millet with eurytopicity, high yield Millet Variety Henan paddy 18 and resists
Hybridized by net herbicide millet strain (belonging to 18 filial generation material of Henan paddy) is flutterred, field phenotype judges that seedling stage is combined to spray
Spraying herbicide obtains true hybridization single plant, after then carrying out continuous backcross to 3-5 generations with the millet strain of antiweed and Henan paddy 18
Selfing, while different generations breeding material alternately being shuttled plantation, selection and identification in Anyang and Hainan, by Earthquake of Anyang station in Henan,
Shanxi Fenyang, Chifeng, Jilin, the planted in different ecological areas of Yulin 5 carry out multispots trial and reflect for millet strain to height
It is fixed, obtain the herbicide resistance foxtail millet new varieties of stable wide adaptability；
The millet variety includes Henan paddy 31 and Henan paddy 32；
The breeding method of the Henan paddy 31, includes the following steps：
31 cultivar origin of Henan paddy：It is that the Henan paddy 18 of Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences selection and breeding and excellent anti-take flutter net strain peace 12-4071
（18 filial generation of Henan paddy）Selection cross kind；
Henan paddy 31 participates in the northeast areas Chun Gu and combines qualification test variable rate technology：Joint qualification test average yield per mu in 2016~2017 years
388.7kg relatively compares nine paddy 11 volume increase 10.33%, occupies tested variety the 1st.2 years 21 points times joint qualification tests, 19 points increasings
Production, amount of increase in production are 0.44%~24.42%, 2 underproduction, and underproduction amplitude is 3.21%~4.65%, volume increase point rate 90.5%.（See
Table 1）Seedling leaf sheath green, 118 days breeding times, plant height 120.11cm.3.72 ten thousand plants of modulus of mu, cylinder fringe, spike length 26.67cm,
Spike weight 25.61g, grain weight per panicle 21.10g go out paddy rate 82.38%, Huang Gu, glutinous millet, mass of 1000 kernel 2.88g, ripe lover（Table 2）.Field
Between 2 grades of 1 grade of natural appraisal lodging resistance, 1 grade of drought resistance, banded sclerotial blight and brown streak, millet blast and paddy rust, poliosis 0.08%, moth
Stem rate 1.80%.
Henan paddy 31 participates in the northwest areas Chun Gu Mid-late ripening group compatibility test variable rate technology：Joint identification examination in 2016~2017 years
Average yield per mu 336.1kg is tested, the volume increase of long agriculture 35 2.19% is relatively compareed, occupies tested variety the 4th.16 sub-region experiments 10 in 2 years
Point time volume increase, amount of increase in production are 0.11%~28.08%, and 6 underproduction, underproduction amplitude is 2.48%~28.53%, and volume increase point rate is
62.5%（Table 1）.Seedling leaf sheath green, 113 days, plant height 120.8cm, spike length 23.45cm, the thick 2.66cm of fringe breeding time, fringe weight
24.2g, tubular fringe, Ear weight 21.2g go out paddy rate 87.6%, rice milling yield 63.38%, mass of 1000 kernel 2.94g, and yellow paddy glutinous millet is ripe to compare
It is good（Table 2）.Natural infection drought resistance, resistance to overhead flooding injury, millet blast are 2 grades, and paddy rust is 3 grades, and lodging resistance is 1 grade, and line is withered
Disease is 5 grades, and poliosis incidence is 22%, and red-leaf disease incidence is 6.7%, and it is 4% that line, which gives birth to incidence, and moth stem rate is 33.7%,
Its disease has no generation.
Henan paddy 31 participates in the northwests the 2016-2017 areas Chun Gu precocity group and tests variable rate technology：Region adapts within 2016~2017 years
Property qualification test average yield per mu be 383.3kg, relatively compare the underproduction 2.32% of Datong District 29, occupy 2 years tested varieties the 4th.8 examinations
3 points of volume increase of point, volume increase point rate is 37.5%, and amount of increase in production is 5.03%~11.82%；5 underproduction, underproduction amplitude be 1.95%~
22.32%；The coefficient of variation is 3.33%.2 years 15 pilots, 5 points of volume increase, volume increase point rate is 33.33%, amount of increase in production is 5.03%~
40.36%；10 underproduction, underproduction amplitude are 1.22~22.54%（Table 1）.Seedling leaf sheath green, 127 days breeding times, plant height
116.0 cm, spike length 25.0 cm, spike weight 26.5g, grain weight per panicle 19.8g go out paddy rate 75.0%, Huang Gu, cream-coloured Huang, mass of 1000 kernel
3.0g.Spindle fringe, fringe code is moderate, ripe lover.The kind lodging resistance is 3 grades, and drought resistance and resistance to overhead flooding injury are 1 grade, millet blast 2
Grade, red-leaf disease incidence are 1.00%, and other diseases do not occur.The kind Comprehensive Traits show excellent, resistant to lodging, adaptability
By force.
Henan paddy 31 participates in 2016-2017 North China Xia Guqu routinely group experiment variable rate technologies：The kind joins for 2016~2017 years
Qualification test average yield per mu 358.5kg is closed, 18 underproduction 2.25% of Henan paddy is relatively compareed, occupies year tested variety the 8th.2 years 29 points times
The 13 points volume increase of joint qualification test, amount of increase in production are 0.37%~12.1%, and volume increase point rate is 44.8%（Table 1）.Seedling leaf sheath is green
Color, 90 days breeding times, 118.70 cm of plant height.In the case where mu stays seedling 4.0 ten thousand, the percentage of earbearing tiller 89.07%；Spindle fringe, tassel compared with
Tightly；Spike length 20.79cm, fringe thick 2.27cm, spike weight 17.31g, Ear weight 14.03g；Mass of 1000 kernel 2.84g；Go out paddy rate 79.80%,
Rice milling yield 79.72%；Yellow paddy glutinous millet.It is ripe mutually preferable（Table 2）.2 grades of Natural infection drought resistance, 1 grade of resistance to overhead flooding injury, lodging resistance 2
Grade, 2 grades of paddy rust resistance, 3 grades of millet blast resistance, 3 grades of sharp eyespot resistance, poliosis, red-leaf disease, nematodiasis incidence difference
It is 1.64%, 0.43%, 1.08%, moth stem rate 2.47%.Other diseases have no generation.
1 Henan paddy 31 of table participates in four big district's groups joint qualification test yield result table of country（Kg/ mus）
2 Henan paddy 31 of table investigates in each pilot fertility management, species test result table：
The breeding method of Henan paddy 31, includes the following steps：
As shown in Fig. 2, First Year：Anyang summer（The north positive season, abbreviation Anyang, similarly hereinafter）It carries out with peace 12-4071 and Henan paddy 18
Hybridized, in Henan, the florescence is fitted in the heading of paddy 18, for ease of pollination, is cut with hybridization scissors the upper and lower part on grain ear is small
Code stays small code in the middle part of tassel, carries out dredging code to the small code in middle part, cuts off 1/3, is pollinated with the pollen of peace 12-4071, maturity period harvest
Hybridize fringe 2, mixes and receive；
Hainan in Winter（South anti-season, abbreviation Hainan, similarly hereinafter）Plant F1, seedling spraying herbicide, which is taken, flutters net, florescence and Yu Gu
No. 18 backcrossings, obtain F1BC1, harvest 5 backcrossing fringes；
Second year：It is planted in Anyang, in F1BC1Stalk strain of short stem and Henan paddy 18 during selection is similar with 18 character of Henan paddy in group
Backcrossing, obtains F1BC2, 7 backcrossing single plants having a clear superiority；
Winter in 2014 plants F in Hainan breeding1BC2In generation, stalk is compact in selection, and fringe is big, the good single plant of robustness and Henan paddy 18 are returned, and obtains
To F1BC3, it is selected in 20 single fringes；
Third year：Carry out multispots trial in the area such as Anyang, Jilin, Yulin, Chifeng and Fenyang respectively, carries out planted in different ecological areas paddy
Sub- seed materials adaptability identification.Seedling spraying, which is taken, flutters net screening resistance, from lodging resistance, disease resistance, maturity period, plant height, grouting
The character screenings such as rate, robustness, it is anti-fall, disease-resistant good to select, and the ripe phase is moderate, and plant height 110-120cm, spike length is suitable, and fringe code is equal
Even, grouting is fast, and robustness is good, and yield comes out at the top in multispots trial, without obvious shortcoming, similar with plant type recurrent parent
Strain is selected.
In Hainan plus generation, with yield traits for main selection target, from percentage of earbearing tiller height, robustness is good, and millet commodity is good,
After anti-fall disease resistance synthesis measurement, area code 15h-8216 has outstanding performance, and neat, stable, anti-take is flutterred only, is named as Henan paddy 31.
For 32 breed breeding of Henan paddy：It is that backcrossing is maternal that Henan paddy 32, which is with Henan paddy 18, pacifies 12-4073（After Henan paddy 18 hybridizes
Generation）For the millet new lines of antiweed donor transformation.
Henan paddy 32 participates in northwest spring paddy precocity district's groups, and Regional suitability qualification test average yield per mu in 2016~2017 years is
401.1kg relatively compares the volume increase 2.20% of Datong District 29, occupies 2 years tested varieties the 2nd.Regional suitability qualification test in 2016
Average yield per mu is 411.6kg, relatively compares the volume increase 2.78% of Datong District 29, occupies tested variety the 2nd in 2016.2017 annual mus
390.5kg is produced, the volume increase 1.59% of Datong District 29 is relatively compareed, occupies tested variety the 1st.8 pilots, 4 underproduction, underproduction amplitude exist
Between 0.3%~17.0%；4 points of volume increase, volume increase point rate is 50%, and amount of increase in production is respectively 6.6%~18.57%, and the coefficient of variation is
4.46%.2 years 15 pilots, 7 underproduction, underproduction amplitude is between 0.3%~45.71%；8 points of volume increase, volume increase point rate is 53.3%,
Amount of increase in production is respectively 0.18%~44.16%.（Table 3）Seedling leaf sheath green, 126 days, plant height 124.2cm breeding time, spike length
25.1cm, spike weight 31.8g, grain weight per panicle 24.5g go out paddy rate 78.7, Huang Gu, glutinous millet, mass of 1000 kernel 2.8g.Spindle fringe, fringe
Moderate, the ripe lover of code（Table 4）.2 grades of the kind lodging resistance, drought resistance and resistance to overhead flooding injury are 1 grade, and red-leaf disease incidence is 2.00%,
Other diseases do not occur.Kind Comprehensive Traits performance is excellent, resistant to lodging, adaptable.
Henan paddy 32 participates in the northwest spring joint qualification test average yield per mu of paddy precocity group 2016~2017 years 357.7kg, more right
According to the volume increase of long agriculture 35 8.76%, 2016~2017 years tested varieties the 1st are occupied.Joint qualification test average yield per mu in 2016
342.0kg, relatively control volume increase 7.86%, occupy tested variety the 1st；Joint qualification test average yield per mu 373.4kg in 2017, compared with
Control volume increase 9.64% occupies tested variety the 4th, and 8 pilots, 6 points of volume increase, amount of increase in production is between 0.36%~36.48%, 2 points
The underproduction is -6.7% and -31.35%, the coefficient of variation 26.48%, volume increase point rate 75% respectively.It tests 12 points times 2 years 16 sub-regions
Volume increase, amount of increase in production are 0.36%~36.48%, and 4 underproduction, underproduction amplitude is 6.7%~31.35%, and volume increase point rate is 75%.（Table
3）Seedling leaf sheath green, 113 days, plant height 129.3cm, spike length 22.4cm, the thick 2.64cm of fringe breeding time, fringe weight 24.5g, spindle
Fringe, Ear weight 19.95g go out paddy rate 81.43%, rice milling yield 74.71%, mass of 1000 kernel 3.0g, yellow paddy glutinous millet, ripe lover.（Table 4）Field
Between natural appraisal drought resistance, resistance to overhead flooding injury, paddy rust, millet blast be 2 grades, lodging resistance is 1 grade, and banded sclerotial blight is 3 grades, poliosis hair
Sick rate is 4.6%, and red-leaf disease incidence is 6%, and nematodiasis incidence is 3%, and moth stem rate is 5%.Other diseases have no generation.
Henan paddy 32 participates in 2016~2017 years joint qualification test average yield per mu 383.1kg in the northeast areas Chun Gu, relatively compares
Nine paddy 11 volume increase 8.74%, occupies 2016~2017 years tested varieties the 2nd.Joint qualification test average yield per mu in 2016
377.5kg relatively compares nine paddy 11 volume increase 4.82%, occupies tested variety the 4th；Joint qualification test average yield per mu in 2017
388.6kg relatively compares nine paddy 11 volume increase 12.83%, occupies tested variety the 1st, increases production for 9 points in 10 pilots, amount of increase in production exists
Between 2.66%~37.09%, 1 underproduction 4.35%, the coefficient of variation is 6.59%, volume increase point rate 90.0%.2 years 21 points times joint mirror
Surely 18 points volume increase, amounts of increase in production 2.66%~37.09%, 3 underproduction are tested, underproduction amplitude is 4.35%~24.5%, increases production point
Rate 85.7%（Table 3）.Seedling leaf sheath green, 118 days, plant height 131.06cm breeding time, 3.72 ten thousand plants of mu spike number, cylinder fringe, spike length
26.62cm, spike weight 24.86g, grain weight per panicle 21.08g go out paddy rate 84.76%, Huang Gu, glutinous millet, mass of 1000 kernel 2.87g, ripe lover
（Table 4）.2 grades of 1 grade of Natural infection lodging resistance, 1 grade of drought resistance, millet blast and brown streak, banded sclerotial blight and paddy rust, poliosis
Do not occur, moth stem rate 1.54%.
3 Henan paddy 32 of table participates in four big district's groups joint qualification test yield result table of country：
4 Henan paddy 32 of table investigates in each pilot fertility management, species test result table：
32 breeding method of Henan paddy, includes the following steps：
As shown in Figure 1, it is that backcrossing is maternal that 32 kind of Henan paddy, which is with Henan paddy 18, excellent anti-take flutters net strain peace 12-4073（Henan paddy 18
Filial generation material）For the millet new lines of antiweed donor transformation；
First Year：Anyang summer（The north positive season, abbreviation Anyang, similarly hereinafter）Hybridized with Henan paddy 18 with peace 12-4073,
The florescence is fitted in the heading of Henan paddy 18, for ease of pollination, is cut the small code in upper and lower part on grain ear with hybridization scissors, stays in the middle part of tassel
Small code carries out the small code in middle part to dredge code, cuts off 1/3, pollinated with the pollen of peace 12-4073, and maturity period harvest hybridization fringe 2 mixes
It receives；
Hainan in Winter（South anti-season, abbreviation Hainan, similarly hereinafter）Plant F1, seedling spraying herbicide, which is taken, flutters net, florescence and Yu Gu
No. 18 backcrossings, obtain F1BC1, harvest 5 backcrossing fringes；
Second year：It is planted in Anyang, in F1BC1Strain of short stem is returned with Henan paddy 18 during selection is similar with 18 character of Henan paddy in group
It hands over, obtains F1BC2, 6 backcrossing single plants having a clear superiority；
Winter in 2014 plants F in Hainan breeding1BC2In generation, stalk is compact in selection, and fringe is big, the good single plant of robustness and Henan paddy 18 are returned, and obtains
To F1BC3, it is selected in 15 single fringes；
Third year：Third year：Carry out multispots trial in the area such as Anyang, Jilin, Yulin, Chifeng and Fenyang respectively, carries out different
Ecotope millet seed materials adaptability identification.Seedling spraying, which is taken, flutters net screening resistance, from lodging resistance, disease resistance, maturity period, strain
Height, the character screenings such as filling rate, robustness, it is anti-fall, disease-resistant good to select, and the ripe phase is moderate, and plant height 110-120cm, spike length is suitable,
Fringe code is uniform, and grouting is fast, and robustness is good, and yield comes out at the top in multispots trial, without obvious shortcoming and plant type recurrent parent
Similar strain is selected.
In Hainan plus generation, with yield traits for main selection target, from percentage of earbearing tiller height, robustness is good, and millet commodity is good,
After anti-fall disease resistance synthesis measurement, area code 15h-8306 has outstanding performance, and neat, stable, anti-take is flutterred only, is named as Henan paddy 32.
The present invention makes full use of Hainan Province of China autumn and winter to enrich sunlight-heat reaources using shuttle breeding, is alternately selected by north and south
It educates, 1 year 2 generation of selection and breeding, accelerates generation process, shorten the breeding time limit, general 3-4（6-8 generations）It can be bred as stablizing strain；Meanwhile
Since the North and South and positive and negative season ecological condition difference are apparent, election identification of shuttling improves the adaptability of kind；Pass through different lifes
State area multispots trial identifies height for millet strain creation is a kind of to make light, temperature, water, fertilizer, soil, disease, worm, inverse, farming system
Comprehensive function is spent in segregating population, improves adaptability breeding efficiency；The utilization of anti-herbicide gene helps breeder to very miscellaneous
The judgement of kind is handed over, while entire selection and breeding improve the drug resistance of kind, reject false positive single plant from generation to generation all in herbicide spraying；It is logical
Backcrossing means are crossed, anti-herbicide gene is aggregated in the Henan paddy 18 with excellent character background material, and restore the tool of Henan paddy 18
There is herbicide resistance.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding eurytopicity Millet Variety, it is characterised in that：With eurytopicity, high yield millet
New varieties are flutterred net herbicide millet strain and are returned with anti-take, and are judged to combine seedling spraying herbicide according to field phenotype, be obtained
It obtains and really hybridizes single plant；Then by eurytopicity, high yield Millet Variety with it is anti-take flutter net herbicide millet strain carry out continuous backcross,
Selection, effectively eliminates the unfavorable variation of offspring, is quickly obtained the excellent backcrossing millet strain containing anti-herbicide gene；With
Afterwards, millet new lines to be carried out into multiple spot in planted in different ecological areas and shifts to an earlier date qualification test, selection yield in multispots trial comes out at the top,
Comprehensive good, the strain of obvious shortcoming does not participate in national millet variety joint qualification test.
2. a kind of breeding method of rapidly and efficiently selection and breeding wide adaptability millet according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Institute
The excellent backcrossing millet strain containing anti-herbicide gene stated, i.e. Millet Variety includes Henan paddy 31 and Henan paddy 32.
3. the breeding method of Henan paddy 31 as claimed in claim 2, includes the following steps：
31 cultivar origin of Henan paddy：It is that the Henan paddy 18 of Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences selection and breeding and excellent anti-take flutter net strain peace 12-4071
Selection cross kind, it is described excellent anti-to take that flutter net strain peace 12-4071 be 18 filial generation intermediate materials of Henan paddy；
Step 1：First Year：Anyang summer（The north positive season, abbreviation Anyang, similarly hereinafter）Carried out with Henan paddy 18 with peace 12-4071
Hybridization, in Henan, the florescence is fitted in the heading of paddy 18, for ease of pollination, is cut the small code in upper and lower part on grain ear, is stayed with hybridization scissors
Small code in the middle part of tassel carries out the small code in middle part to dredge code, cuts off 1/3, pollinated with the pollen of peace 12-4071, maturity period harvest hybridization
Fringe 2 is mixed and is received；
Hainan in Winter（South anti-season, abbreviation Hainan, similarly hereinafter）Plant F1, seedling spraying herbicide, which is taken, flutters net, florescence and Henan paddy 18
Number backcrossing, obtain F1BC1, harvest 5 backcrossing fringes；
Second year：It is planted in Anyang, in F1BC1Stalk strain of short stem and Henan paddy 18 during selection is similar with 18 character of Henan paddy in group
Backcrossing, obtains F1BC2, 7 backcrossing single plants having a clear superiority；
Winter in 2014 plants F in Hainan breeding1BC2In generation, stalk is compact in selection, and fringe is big, the good single plant of robustness and Henan paddy 18 are returned, and obtains
To F1BC3, it is selected in 20 single fringes；
Third year：Carry out multispots trial in different regions respectively, such as Anyang, Jilin, Yulin, Chifeng and Fenyang area, carries out not
It is identified with ecotope millet strain adaptability；Seedling spraying, which is taken, flutters net screening resistance, from lodging resistance, disease resistance, maturity period, strain
Height, the character screenings such as filling rate, robustness, it is anti-fall, disease-resistant good to select, and the ripe phase is moderate, and plant height 110-120cm, spike length is suitable,
Fringe code is uniform, and grouting is fast, and robustness is good, and yield comes out at the top in multispots trial, without obvious shortcoming and plant type recurrent parent
Similar strain is selected；
In Hainan plus generation, with yield traits for main selection target, from percentage of earbearing tiller height, robustness is good, and millet commodity is good, anti-fall
After disease resistance synthesis measurement, area code 15h-8216 has outstanding performance, and neat, stable, anti-take is flutterred only, is named as Henan paddy 31.
4. the breeding method of Henan paddy 32 as claimed in claim 2, includes the following steps：
It is that backcrossing is maternal that 32 kind of Henan paddy, which is with Henan paddy 18, excellent anti-to take that flutter net strain peace 12-4073 be antiweed donor turn
The millet new lines educated, it is described excellent anti-to take that flutter net strain peace 12-4073 be 18 filial generation intermediate materials of Henan paddy；
First Year：Anyang summer（The north positive season, abbreviation Anyang, similarly hereinafter）Hybridized with Henan paddy 18 with peace 12-4073,
The florescence is fitted in the heading of Henan paddy 18, for ease of pollination, is cut the small code in upper and lower part on grain ear with hybridization scissors, stays in the middle part of tassel
Small code carries out the small code in middle part to dredge code, cuts off 1/3, pollinated with the pollen of peace 12-4073, and maturity period harvest hybridization fringe 2 mixes
It receives；
Hainan in Winter（South anti-season, abbreviation Hainan, similarly hereinafter）Plant F1, seedling spraying herbicide, which is taken, flutters net, florescence and Henan paddy 18
Number backcrossing, obtain F1BC1, harvest 5 backcrossing fringes；
Second year：It is planted in Anyang, in F1BC1Strain of short stem is returned with Henan paddy 18 during selection is similar with 18 character of Henan paddy in group
It hands over, obtains F1BC2, 6 backcrossing single plants having a clear superiority；
Winter in 2014 plants F in Hainan breeding1BC2In generation, stalk is compact in selection, and fringe is big, the good single plant of robustness and Henan paddy 18 are returned, and obtains
To F1BC3, it is selected in 15 single fringes；
Third year：Carry out multispots trial in different regions respectively, such as Anyang, Jilin, Yulin, Chifeng and Fenyang area, carries out not
It is identified with ecotope millet seed materials adaptability；Seedling spraying, which is taken, flutters net screening resistance, from lodging resistance, disease resistance, and the maturity period,
Plant height, the character screenings such as filling rate, robustness, it is anti-fall, disease-resistant good to select, and the ripe phase is moderate, plant height 110-120cm, spike length phase
Preferably, fringe code is uniform, and grouting is fast, and robustness is good, and yield comes out at the top in multispots trial, without obvious shortcoming and plant type samsara
The similar strain of parent is selected；
In Hainan plus generation, with yield traits for main selection target, from percentage of earbearing tiller height, robustness is good, and millet commodity is good, anti-fall
After disease resistance synthesis measurement, area code 15h-8306 has outstanding performance, and neat, stable, anti-take is flutterred only, is named as Henan paddy 32.
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| CN114847155A (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2022-08-05 | 洛阳农林科学院 | One-year and four-generation rapid breeding method for millet |
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