CN108990796A - A kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short - Google Patents
A kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short Download PDFInfo
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- CN108990796A CN108990796A CN201811131971.4A CN201811131971A CN108990796A CN 108990796 A CN108990796 A CN 108990796A CN 201811131971 A CN201811131971 A CN 201811131971A CN 108990796 A CN108990796 A CN 108990796A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The present invention relates to crossbreeding technology fields, and disclose a kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short comprising the steps of: S1. is basic material using X1132 × zh58 and is returned zh58, obtains S0C1Seed, then by S0C1Seed is continuously selfed the breeding of 4 generations into S4C1Seed does female parent；It S2. is basic material using French self-mating system × 1572, the continuous precocious self-mating system S for being selfed 6 generation homozygosis and obtaining6C2Do male parent；S3. maternal to be hybridized with male parent, prepare corn hybrid seed.The breeding period short corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method, 6-8 generation calculating is generally required according to self-mating system homozygosis, 2-3 can complete generally to select the selfing of system homozygous, 3-4 is needed to do sth. in advance 1-2 compared with two generation of anniversary, do sth. in advance 4-5 compared with generation breeding in 1 year, greatly accelerate the breeding process of self-mating system, shortens the breeding time limit of new varieties, and it is to be conducive to the selection of self-mating system adaptability and disease resistance for choosing that diverse geographic location, which is added,.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crossbreeding technology field, the specially a kind of corn anniversary three generations cenospecies that the breeding period is short choosing
Educate method.
Background technique
Upper corn is produced at present and all uses first-filial generation seed, therefore the breeding means of new varieties also mainly pass through hybrid
Heterosis breeding is completed.Hybrid vigour refer to the organism with different genetic constitutions hybridize caused by cenospecies growth potential,
Resistance, adaptability and yield etc. are better than the phenomenon that parents.Agriculturally utilizing hybrid vigour on a large scale is in 20th century 30
After age, hybrid maize using production and rapidly develops first.
The characteristics of breeding for heterosis is " first pure after miscellaneous ", general procedure are as follows: determine breeding objective --- collect original material
Material --- the breeding of self-mating system --- parent's combo and combining ability test --- parent expands the numerous and production of hybrid seeds --- product ratio, region and life
Produce test --- it promotes and applies, the wherein breeding of self-mating system, parent's combo and combining ability test are its kernel programs.In order to obtain
Innovation resources, generally by first hybridization obtains self-mating system between existing Elite inbred or self-mating system, then inbreeding of more generation is pure
It closes, the homozygosis from self-mating system to self-mating system generally requires 6-8 for self cross and selection, and parent's combo and combining ability test need 1-2
Year, comparison and pilot production between combination need at least 2-3, i.e., 9- is successfully generally required from parent breeding to breed breeding
10 years.But the utilization of breeder's preference hybrid vigour, is primarily due to: one side F1 hybrid vigour is obvious, another aspect breeding
The independent intellectual property right that there is kind to exclusively enjoy for family, breeder can control hybrid parent, control the scale and quantity of seed production,
This is conducive to the equity for protecting breeder and seed producers.
In order to accelerate breeding process, China breeder breeding in Hainan since the 1970s, spring is in locality
A generation is planted, winter plants a generation, i.e. " two generation of anniversary " selection in Hainan: the selfing of new varieties is carried out in breeding ground spring
System is homozygous, combines the complete Breeding Process such as configuration, variety comparative test, genetic marker, components tests.Winter continues to be selfed in Hainan
Numerous, cross combination the screening of expansion of system's homozygosis, parent.Breeding ground and Hainan, which add, shortens selfing homozygosis for anniversary two generations breeding
The time limit accelerates breeding process.
Start winter the 1980s by adding in local greenhouse for the selection for realizing " two generation of anniversary ": spring exists
Breeding ground carry out corn inbred lines links, autumn and winter greenhouse carry out additive selection, equally accelerate breeding into
Journey, but the breeding of new variety period is still too long.
Summary of the invention
(1) the technical issues of solving
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of corn anniversary three generations that the breeding period is short is breeding hybridized
The advantages that method has the breeding process for accelerating self-mating system, shortens the breeding time limit of new varieties solves asking for breeding period length
Topic.
(2) technical solution
To realize above-mentioned breeding period short purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of jade that the breeding period is short
Meter Zhou Nian three generations's hybrid seed breeding method comprising the steps of:
S1. it is basic material using X1132 × zh58 and is returned zh58, obtains S0C1Seed, then by S0C1Seed is continuous certainly
Hand over the breeding of 4 generations into S4C1Seed does female parent；
It S2. is basic material using French self-mating system × 1572, the continuous precocious self-mating system S for being selfed 6 generation homozygosis and obtaining6C2
Do male parent；
S3. maternal to be hybridized with male parent, prepare corn hybrid seed.
Preferably, maternal and male parent the breeding is to utilize S respectively0C1Seed and French self-mating system × 1572 are in geography
Continuous selfed breeding forms under two kinds of big environment of climate difference.
Preferably, the Breeding Process of the female parent includes:
It is basic material with X1132 × zh58 and is returned zh58, obtains S0C1Seed plants S0C1Seed, and it is selfed 300
Fringe stresses selection of the offspring to northern and southern leaf blight, stem rot resistance, harvests 30 single plant S with this1C1；
Plant S1C1And 300 plants are selfed, stress selection of the offspring to northern and southern leaf blight, stem rot resistance, with 30 lists of this final election
Strain S2C1；
Plant S2C1And 300 plants are selfed, stress selection of the offspring to southern rust, stem rot disease resistance, 30 single plants of final election
S3C1；
Plant S3C1, while roguing is selfed 300 plants, carry out early for combining ability test, 30 S of final election before harvesting4C1；
Plant 30 S4C1Head progeny row combines variety comparative test, in conjunction with disease resistance and variety comparative test as a result, being selected in head progeny row 5, often
A selected head progeny row retains 3 single plants for meeting objective trait requirement, amounts to 15 single plant S5C1；
Plant S5C1It head progeny row 15, is finally selected in conjunction with disease resistance selection and chooses 6 S for meeting objective trait6C1Head progeny row,
18 single plants, wherein performance Comprehensive Traits are excellent for selection, neat and consistent, the head progeny row of complete stability, and sisters, which hand over, between strain breeds
To female parent.
Preferably, it often withholds before obtaining according to the objective traits Single-plant selection such as plant type, blade profile, leaf color, resistance, offspring stresses pair
The selection of southern rust, stem rot and northern and southern leaf blight, rust select disease-resistant plant offspring by inoculated identification, and disease scale is pressed
0,1,3,5,7,9 classification, 0 grade: disease-free spot on blade, without any allergic reaction；1 grade: disease-free spot, only anaphylaxis on blade
Reaction；3 grades: having a small amount of sorus on blade, account for leaf area no more than 25%；5 grades: having middle amount sorus on blade, account for blade face
Long-pending 26~50%；7 grades: having a large amount of sorus on blade, account for the 51~75% of leaf area；9 grades: having a large amount of spores on blade
Heap accounts for 76% of leaf area or more, and blade is withered, and stem rot carries out artificial infection in loose powder the last week, in corn milking maturity latter stage
Field investigation, and resist in the above group in and select disease-resistant plant.
Preferably, when breeding female parent male parent, unified with nature condition increases irrigation frequency and irrigation volume, and artificial create is suitable for
The hot and humid environment condition natural selection that disease occurs, by being selected by generation, finally select meet the stabilization of objective trait from
Hand over system.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides a kind of corn anniversary breeding hybridized sides of three generations that the breeding period is short
Method, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The breeding period short corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method, by anniversary three generations's breeding, according to self-mating system
Homozygosis generally requires 6-8 generation calculating, and 2-3 can complete generally to select the selfing of system homozygous, needs 3-4 to do sth. in advance compared with two generation of anniversary
1-2 does sth. in advance 4-5 compared with generation breeding in 1 year, greatly accelerates the breeding process of self-mating system, shortens the breeding year of new varieties
Limit.It is to be conducive to the selection of self-mating system adaptability and disease resistance for choosing that diverse geographic location, which is added,.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
A kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short, the embodiment of the present invention are new to face beautiful 20 corns
It is described in detail for breed breeding.
S1. maternal breeding: spring in 2010 plants X1132 × zh58 basic material in Hainan and is returned zh58, obtains S0C1
Seed；Summer in 2010 plants S in Linfen0C1Seed, is selfed 300 fringes, and harvest is preceding according to mesh such as plant type, blade profile, leaf color, resistances
Character Single-plant selection is marked, and stresses selection of the offspring to northern and southern leaf blight, stem rot resistance, harvests 30 single plant (S1C1)；2010
Winter plants S in Hainan1C1Head progeny row is selfed 300 plants, last 30 fringe (S of final election2C1)；S is planted in spring Hainan within 20112C1, selfing
300 plants, stress the selection to southern rust, stem rot disease resistance, 30 plants of (S of final election3C1)；Summer in 2011 plants in Linfen
S3C1, while (300 plants) are selfed in roguing, carry out early for combining ability test, 30 plants of (S of final election before harvesting4C1)；Winter in 2011
Season plants 30 S in Hainan4C1Head progeny row combines variety comparative test.In conjunction with disease resistance and variety comparative test as a result, being selected in head progeny row 5, often
A selected head progeny row retains 3 single plants for meeting objective trait requirement, amounts to 15 single plant (S5C1)；Spring in 2012 plants S5C1
It head progeny row 15, is finally selected in conjunction with disease resistance selection and chooses 6 S for meeting objective trait6C1Head progeny row, 18 single plants；Summer in 2012
Season plants 18 head progeny rows in Linfen, wherein the 9th head progeny row performance Comprehensive Traits are excellent, neat and consistent, and complete stability, elder sister between strain
Younger sister hands over breeding, obtains female parent, and being simplified code name is 12-9A；
S2. male parent breeding: it is basic material that male parent, which is spring in 2010 by French self-mating system × 1572, is selected according still further to female parent
The method educated is selfed the precocious self-mating system that 6 generation homozygosis obtain, and it is 12-5B that male parent, which is simplified code name,；
S3. maternal 12-9A is hybridized with male parent 12-5B, prepares corn hybrid seed.
Combining Ability of Different Parental Varieties measurement and variety comparative test: winter in 2012 carries out combining ability test in Hainan, and spring in 2013 exists
The evaluation and screening that Hainan is combined, summer in 2013 carry out variety test to being selected in excellent combination in Linfen, and 12-9A ×
12-5B general performance is optimal, and experiment is named to face the beautiful progress of winter in 20,2013 parent and expand the numerous and small area production of hybrid seeds.
Regional testing and pilot production: face jade 20 in participation In North of Shanxi Province precocity area's preliminary experiment in 2014,4 points times flat
Equal per mu yield 739.1kg relatively control volume increase 14.7%；2015-2016 participates in regional testing, 8 points average yield per mus in 2015
797.2kg, relatively control volume increase 8.7%；2016 8 points times average yield per mu 919.0kg, relatively control volume increase 10.5%, join for 2017
Add pilot production, 874.8 kilograms of average yield per mu, increases production 8.8% than control.It is made a joint checkup by Shanxi Province's variety certification committee member within 2018
It is fixed, it finally names first to get profit 198.
Local Summer Maize breeding time is shorter, and early period, temperature was high, and growth is fast, needs 40-45d from being seeded into take out hero and bloom,
55-60d are needed from pollination to seed physiology maturation；Hainan in Winter adds generation to need 40-50d from being seeded into bloom, from pollination to harvest
The seed of 85% or more germination percentage needs 55-60d；Hainan spring adds generation to need 45-50d from being seeded into bloom, from pollination to physiology
Maturation needs 55-60d；Therefore corn inbred line anniversary three generations's breeding theoretically needs time 290-325d, in addition sunning seed,
It is feasible that anniversary, which carries out three generations's breeding,.
In conclusion corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short, homozygous general according to self-mating system
6-8 generation is needed to calculate, 2-3 can complete generally to select the selfing of system homozygous, and need 3-4 to do sth. in advance 1-2 compared with two generation of anniversary, compared with
4-5 is done sth. in advance in generation breeding in 1 year, greatly accelerates the breeding process of self-mating system, shortens the breeding time limit of new varieties.It is different
It is to be conducive to the selection of self-mating system adaptability and disease resistance for choosing that geographical location, which is added,.
It should be noted that the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to the packet of nonexcludability
Contain, so that the process, method, article or equipment for including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also including
Other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or device.
In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including the element
Process, method, article or equipment in there is also other identical elements.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps of:
S1. it is basic material using X1132 × zh58 and is returned zh58, obtains S0C1Seed, then by S0C1Seed was continuously selfed for 4 generations
Breeding forms S4C1Seed does female parent；
It S2. is basic material using French self-mating system × 1572, the continuous precocious self-mating system S for being selfed 6 generation homozygosis and obtaining6C2It is father
This；
S3. maternal to be hybridized with male parent, prepare corn hybrid seed.
2. a kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short according to claim 1, feature exist
In: maternal and male parent the breeding is to utilize S respectively0C1Seed and French self-mating system × 1572 are in geography and climate difference big
Continuous selfed breeding forms under two kinds of environment.
3. a kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short according to claim 1, feature exist
In: the Breeding Process of the female parent includes:
It is basic material with X1132 × zh58 and is returned zh58, obtains S0C1Seed plants S0C1Seed, and it is selfed 300 fringes, side
Selection of the weight offspring to northern and southern leaf blight, stem rot resistance, harvests 30 single plant S with this1C1；
Plant S1C1And 300 plants are selfed, stress selection of the offspring to northern and southern leaf blight, stem rot resistance, with 30 single plants of this final election
S2C1；
Plant S2C1And 300 plants are selfed, stress selection of the offspring to southern rust, stem rot disease resistance, 30 single plant S of final election3C1；
Plant S3C1, while roguing is selfed 300 plants, carry out early for combining ability test, 30 S of final election before harvesting4C1；
Plant 30 S4C1Head progeny row combines variety comparative test, in conjunction with disease resistance and variety comparative test as a result, selected head progeny row 5, each enters
It selects head progeny row to retain 3 single plants for meeting objective trait requirement, amounts to 15 single plant S5C1；
Plant S5C1It head progeny row 15, is finally selected in conjunction with disease resistance selection and chooses 6 S for meeting objective trait6C1Head progeny row, 18 lists
Strain, wherein performance Comprehensive Traits are excellent for selection, neat and consistent, the head progeny row of complete stability, and sisters hand over breeding to obtain female parent between strain.
4. a kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short according to claim 1, feature exist
In: it often withholds before obtaining according to the objective traits Single-plant selection such as plant type, blade profile, leaf color, resistance.
5. a kind of corn anniversary three generations's hybrid seed breeding method that the breeding period is short according to claim 1, feature exist
In: when breeding female parent male parent, unified with nature condition increases irrigation frequency and irrigation volume, and artificial create is suitable for the height that disease occurs
Warm high humidity environment condition natural selection finally selects the stabilization self-mating system for meeting objective trait by selecting by generation.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112119906A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Breeding method of one-year three-season super-sweet corn |
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| CN101564005A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-10-28 | 北京金色农华种业科技有限公司 | Hybrid maize seed production method |
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| CN101564005A (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2009-10-28 | 北京金色农华种业科技有限公司 | Hybrid maize seed production method |
| CN102318553A (en) * | 2011-08-22 | 2012-01-18 | 山西省原平市双惠种业有限公司 | Breeding method of hybrid corn |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112119906A (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2020-12-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Breeding method of one-year three-season super-sweet corn |
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