CN108575276A - Straw stubble crushing, which is buried, covers chopper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw stubble crushing, embedding and returning machine, comprising a frame, a power output mechanism is arranged on the frame, a straw crushing mechanism, a stubble crushing mechanism and a straw-root stubble burying mechanism are arranged at the bottom of the frame The straw crushing mechanism includes a crushing knife shaft connected with the power output mechanism, and a plurality of bevel gears are connected on the crushing knife shaft, and a vertical shaft perpendicular to the crushing knife shaft is connected on the bevel gear, and the vertical shaft is spaced from top to bottom There are multiple sets of sawtooth blades fixedly connected; the stubble crushing mechanism includes a stubble crushing idler connected to the power output mechanism, and a plurality of rotary tillage scimitars are fixedly connected to the stubble crushing idler symmetrically; The mechanism includes an embedded supporting roller connected with the power output mechanism, and a spiral embedded blade is fixedly connected to the embedded supporting roller. This field returning machine provides good soil conditions for subsequent sowing operations, and solves the technical problem that straw machinery returning to the field cannot effectively realize straw crushing, root stubble crushing, and straw-root stubble burial at the same time.

Description

Straw stubble crushing and burying machine

technical field

The invention relates to equipment for returning straw to field, in particular to a machine for returning straw to field after crushing and covering stubble.

Background technique

Straw returning technology has become a measure to improve soil fertility and increase production that is widely valued in the world today, and it is one of the agricultural technologies that are currently being promoted and implemented by the state. For the mechanized returning of straw, the main methods at home and abroad are direct smashing and returning of straw, rotary plowing and crushing of root stubble, plowing and returning, and whole stalk burying and returning to the field.

Straw direct crushing and returning to the field is to crush the crop straw in the field through high-speed rotating horizontal or vertical crushing parts, and directly throw it on the ground. After mulching, the fertilizer efficiency of straw returning to the field is limited. Root stubble crushing and returning to the field uses the rotary tillage and stubble removal parts to chop the crop root stubble and crush the soil at the same time, but because the main function of the rotary tiller is to crush the soil and roots, it is not a special crushing stubble, resulting in a relatively long crushed straw length. Long, and the length is not uniform, and even some straw has not been treated, which also affects the effect of burial. Plowing and returning to the field is to use a tractor to pull a plow to turn over the soil and bury the straw on the surface under the soil. The disadvantage of this method is that when the length of the straw is greater than the depth of the plow, the length of the straw beyond the plow depth Part of the straw stays on the surface of the adjacent soil gap and cannot be buried, and overturning will cause part of the stubble to be brought to the surface. The whole stalk is buried and returned to the field without crushing, but the whole section of stalk is buried in the soil by mechanical parts. It is suitable for rice, wheat and other slender straws that are easy to retting, and for corn, rape and other thicker stalks. Crops are not applicable. Therefore, as the height of crop stubble increases and it is not easy to rot and decompose, none of the above methods of returning to the field can effectively realize straw crushing, root stubble crushing and straw-root stubble burying at the same time.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a straw crushing and burying returning machine, which can realize straw crushing, root stubble crushing and straw and root stubble burying at the same time, so as to provide good soil conditions for subsequent sowing operations.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a straw stubble crushing and burying machine, including a frame, a power output mechanism is provided on the frame, and a straw crushing mechanism is provided at the bottom of the frame , a root stubble crushing mechanism and a straw-root stubble embedding mechanism; the straw crushing mechanism includes a crushing knife shaft connected to the power output mechanism, and a plurality of bevel gears are connected to the crushing knife shaft, and the bevel gears are A vertical rotating shaft perpendicular to the crushing knife shaft is connected, and multiple groups of sawtooth blade groups are fixedly connected to the vertical rotating shaft at intervals from top to bottom; the stubble crushing mechanism includes root A stubble crushing idler, on which a plurality of rotary tillage scimitars are symmetrically fixed on the left and right; the straw-root stubble embedding mechanism includes an embedding idler connected to the power output mechanism, and the The buried roller is fixedly connected with a spiral buried blade.

Further, the serrated blade group includes a cutterhead and several serrated blades fixed on the cutterhead, the included angles between adjacent serrated blades on the same cutterhead are equal, and the serrated blades between adjacent vertical shafts are equidistantly staggered .

Further, the cutter head is provided with an inclined sipe, and the serrated blade is fixedly connected to the inclined sipe, so that the serrated blade is at an inclination angle to the ground.

Further, the rotary tillage machete includes a left rotary tiller machete and a right rotary tiller machete, and the left rotary tiller machete and the right rotary tiller machete are bidirectionally symmetrically arranged according to the double-ended helical line "人".

Further, a plurality of embedded knife seats are symmetrically arranged on the embedded idler, and the embedded helical blade includes a left helical embedded blade and a right helical blade, and the left helical embedded blade and the right helical blade It is fixedly connected with multiple embedded tool holders.

Further, the frame is provided with a side plate, the side plate includes a left side plate and a right side plate arranged symmetrically, and a soil retaining cover and a beam are connected between the left side plate and the right side plate And flat mop.

Further, the inner side of the left side plate and the right side plate are fixedly connected with a rib plate, the soil retaining cover and the flat-bottomed drag plate are respectively fixedly connected with the rib plate, and the cross beam is connected with the left side plate It is fixedly connected with the right side plate.

Further, the power output mechanism includes an intermediate gearbox A and an intermediate gearbox B fixed above the soil retaining cover, a side gearbox A and a side gearbox B fixed on the left side plate, and The side gear box C fixed on the right side plate; the cross universal joint A is connected between the middle gear box A and the middle gear box B, and the middle gear box A and the side gear box A cross universal joint B is connected between C, a cross universal joint C is connected between the middle gearbox B and the side gearbox B, and a cross universal joint C is connected between the middle gearbox A and the side gearbox A Connected with cross universal joint D.

Further, the crushing knife shaft is connected with the side gearbox A; the stubble crushing roller 29 is connected with the side gearbox C; the buried roller is connected with the side gearbox B is connected.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

First, the straw stubble crushing and covering machine of the present invention crushes field crop straws through a high-speed rotating straw crushing mechanism. The stubble is crushed, and the soil is crushed at the same time. The straw-root stubble-soil is mixed evenly through the straw-root stubble burying mechanism. Effectively realize the technical problems of straw crushing, root stubble crushing, and straw-root stubble burial.

Second, the crushing knife shaft of the straw crushing mechanism drives the corresponding vertical shaft to rotate through each bevel gear, and the vertical shaft drives the sawtooth blade group to rotate through the flat key, and the serrated blade group on the adjacent vertical shaft acts on the same straw, and the straw Evenly pulverize, sprinkle directly on the surface after pulverization, the pulverization effect is extremely good.

Its three, the rotary tiller shaft of the root stubble crushing mechanism drives the rotary tiller scimitar to rotate, the root stubble is crushed, and the soil is turned over simultaneously, and the root stubble crushing length is short and even.

Fourth, the embedding cutter shaft of the straw-root stubble embedding mechanism drives the spiral embedding blade to rotate, and the spiral embedding blade rotates in the opposite direction during operation, so as to mix the straw-root stubble-soil very evenly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a crushing, burying and returning machine for straw and root stubble.

FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of the structure of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the straw crushing mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the stubble crushing mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the straw-root stubble embedding mechanism in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to facilitate a clearer understanding of the present invention, but they do not limit the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a straw stubble smashing and covering machine includes a frame 38 and a suspension frame 1. The frame 38 is provided with a power output mechanism 39, and the bottom of the frame 38 is provided with a straw crushing mechanism. 15. The stubble crushing mechanism 16 and the straw-root stubble embedding mechanism 18.

In the above scheme, as shown in FIG. 3 , the frame 38 is provided with a side plate 5, and the side plate includes a left side plate 40 and a right side plate 41 arranged symmetrically. Between the left side plate 40 and the right side plate 41 Be connected with soil retaining cover 9, crossbeam 12 and level ground plank 7. The inner side bolts of the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 40 are connected with the rib plate 17, the soil retaining cover 9 and the flat bottom drag plate 7 are respectively connected with the rib plate 17 by bolts, and the two ends of the beam 12 are respectively connected with the left side plate 5 and the right side plate 40 by bolts. connect. The power take-off mechanism 39 includes the middle gear box A2 and the middle gear box B3 fixed on the soil retaining cover 9 by bolts, the side gear box A4 and the side gear box B6 fixed on the left side plate 5 by bolts, and the side gear box B6 fixed by bolts. The side gear box C11 fixed on the right side plate 40; the cross universal joint A8 is connected between the middle gear box A2 and the middle gear box B3, and the cross universal joint is connected between the middle gear box A2 and the side gear box C11 B10, a cross universal joint C13 is connected between the middle gear box B3 and the side gear box B6, and a cross universal joint D14 is connected between the middle gear box A2 and the side gear box A4. The middle gear box A2 transmits the power to the side gear box A4 and the side gear box C11 respectively through the cross universal joint B10 and the cross universal joint D14, and the middle gear box B3 transmits the power to the side gear through the cross universal joint C13 Box B6.

In the above scheme, as shown in Fig. 4, the straw crushing mechanism 15 includes a crushing knife shaft 19 connected to the power output mechanism 39, and a plurality of bevel gears 24 are connected on the crushing knife shaft 19, and each bevel gear 24 is connected with a crushing knife Shaft 19 is vertical to the vertical rotating shaft 20, and the vertical rotating shaft 20 is fixedly connected with multiple groups of serrated blade groups 23 from top to bottom; Six pieces of sawtooth blades 22, the included angles between adjacent sawtooth blades 22 on the same cutter head 21 are equal, and the sawtooth blades 22 between adjacent vertical rotating shafts 20 are equidistantly arranged in a staggered manner. The cutter head 21 is provided with an inclined sipe 37, and the serrated blade 22 is fixedly connected to the inclined sipe 37 by bolts, so that the serrated blade 22 forms a certain inclination angle with the ground.

In the above scheme, as shown in Fig. 5, the stubble crushing mechanism 16 is composed of a rotary blade shaft 30, a stubble crushing roller 29, a rotary blade seat 25 and a rotary machete 28, and the stubble crushing roller 29 passes through the bolt Connected with the rotary tiller shaft 30, the rotary tiller seat 25 is welded on the stubble crushing idler roller 29 surface. Rotary tillage scimitar 28 includes left rotary tiller scimitar 26 and right rotary tiller scimitar 27, left rotary tiller scimitar 26 and right rotary tiller scimitar 27 are arranged symmetrically in two directions according to the double-ended helical line "person", through bolt and rotary tiller Block 25 is connected.

In the above scheme, as shown in Figure 6, the straw-root stubble embedding mechanism 18 is composed of an embedding knife shaft 35, an embedding idler roller 36, an embedding knife seat 34, and a spiral embedding blade 33, etc., and the embedding idler roller 36 Be connected with buried knife shaft 35 by bolt; This spiral embedded blade 33 is double helical embedded blade, and it comprises left helical embedded blade 31 and right helical blade 32, and left helical embedded blade 31 and right helical blade 32 pass bolt It is fixedly connected with a plurality of buried knife seats 34, and the buried knife seats 34 are installed symmetrically, and are tightly connected with the surface of the buried idler roller 36 by bolts, so as to prevent the buried knife seats 34 from moving in the axial direction.

The working process of the above-mentioned stubble crushing and covering machine is as follows: during operation, the side gearbox A4 transmits power to the crushing knife shaft 19, and the crushing knife shaft 19 drives the corresponding vertical shaft 20 to rotate through each bevel gear 24, and the vertical The rotary shaft 20 drives the sawtooth blade group 23 to rotate through the flat key, and the serrated blade group 23 on the adjacent vertical rotary shaft 20 acts on the same straw to evenly pulverize the straw, and directly sprinkles it on the ground after crushing. At the same time, during operation, the side gearbox C11 transmits power to the rotary tiller shaft 30, and the rotary tiller shaft 30 drives the rotary tiller scimitar 28 to rotate, crushing the stubble and turning the soil at the same time. In addition, during operation, the side gearbox B6 transmits power to the embedded cutter shaft 35, and the embedded cutter shaft 35 drives the spiral embedded blade 33 to rotate, and the spiral embedded blade 33 rotates in the opposite direction during operation, and the straw Stubble - Soil mix well.

Claims (9)

1. A machine for crushing, burying, and returning straw stubble to the field, comprising a frame (38), on which a power output mechanism (39) is provided, characterized in that: the bottom of the frame (38) is A straw crushing mechanism (15), a stubble crushing mechanism (16) and a straw-root stubble embedding mechanism (18); the straw crushing mechanism (15) includes a crushing knife connected to the power output mechanism (39) Shaft (19), described pulverizer shaft (19) is connected with a plurality of bevel gears (24), and described bevel gear (24) is connected with the vertical rotating shaft (20) perpendicular to described pulverizer shaft (19) ), the vertical rotating shaft (20) is fixedly connected with multiple groups of sawtooth blade groups (23) at intervals from top to bottom; the stubble crushing mechanism (16) includes root The stubble crushing idler (29) is fixed with a plurality of rotary tillage machetes (28) symmetrically left and right on the stubble crushing idler (29); the straw-root stubble embedding mechanism (18) includes the The power output mechanism (39) is connected to the embedded idler roller (36), and the embedded embedded idler roller (36) is fixedly connected with a spiral embedded blade (33). 2. The straw stubble smashing and covering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the serrated blade group (23) includes a cutter head (21) and several saw teeth fixed on the cutter head (21) For the blades (22), the included angles between adjacent serrated blades (22) on the same cutterhead (21) are equal, and the serrated blades (22) between adjacent vertical shafts (20) are equidistantly staggered. 3. The straw root stubble smashing and covering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cutter head (21) is provided with an inclined knife groove (37), and the sawtooth blade (22) and the inclined The sipe (37) is fixedly connected such that the serrated blade (22) is at an inclination angle to the ground. 4. According to claim 1, 2 or 3, the crushing and burying and returning machine for straw root stubble is characterized in that: the rotary tiller machete (28) includes a left rotary tiller machete (26) and a right rotary tiller machete ( 27), the left-handed scimitar (26) and the right-handed scimitar (27) are bidirectionally symmetrically arranged according to the double-ended helical line "人". 5. According to claim 1, 2 or 3, the crushing and embedding returning machine for straw root stubble is characterized in that: the embedding idler roller (36) is symmetrically provided with a plurality of embedding knife seats (34), so that Described helical embedded blade (33) comprises left helical embedded blade (31) and right helical blade (32), described left helical embedded blade (31) and described right helical blade (32) and a plurality of embedded knives Seat (34) is fixedly connected. 6. According to claim 1, 2 or 3, the straw stubble smashing and covering machine is characterized in that: the frame (38) is provided with a side plate (5), and the side plate includes left and right symmetrical The left side plate (40) and the right side plate (41) of the left side plate (40) and the right side plate (41) are connected with a soil retaining cover (9), a crossbeam (12) and a level mop board (7). 7. According to claim 6, the straw root stubble smashing and covering machine is characterized in that: said left side plate (5) and said right side plate (40) are fixedly connected with ribs (17) inside, so The soil retaining cover (9) and the flat-bottomed plank (7) are fixedly connected to the ribs (17) respectively, and the crossbeam (12) is connected to the left side plate (5) and the right side plate ( 40) Fixed connection. 8. The straw stubble crushing and covering machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: the power output mechanism (39) includes an intermediate gear box A (2) fixed above the soil retaining cover (9) And the middle gear box B (3), the side gear box A (4) and the side gear box B (6) fixed on the left side plate (5), and the side gear box B (6) fixed on the said right side plate (40) The side gear box C (11) on the upper side; the cross universal joint A (8) is connected between the middle gear box A (2) and the middle gear box B (3), and the middle gear box A (2 ) and the side gearbox C (11) are connected with a cross universal joint B (10), and the middle gearbox B (3) and the side gearbox B (6) are connected with a cross universal joint The joint C (13), the cross universal joint D (14) is connected between the middle gear box A (2) and the side gear box A (4). 9. The straw stubble crushing and covering machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: the crushing knife shaft (19) is connected to the side gear box A (4); the stubble crushing roller (29) is connected with the side gearbox C (11); the buried idler roller (36) is connected with the side gearbox B (6).