CN108572473A - 一种双介电层蓝相液晶透镜阵列 - Google Patents
一种双介电层蓝相液晶透镜阵列 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出一种双介电层蓝相液晶透镜阵列,包括上玻璃基板、透明平面电极、液晶层、介电层I、第一透明条纹电极、介电层II、第二透明条纹电极和下玻璃基板。驱动方式简单并且制作容易,同时在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上施加相同的电压,通过介电层II的分压作用,改变液晶层内部的折射率分布,配合介电层I,在液晶层内部产生梯度折射率分布,从而得到抛物线形的相位分布。此外,通过改变第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上施加的电压来调节所述蓝相液晶微透镜阵列的焦距。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及液晶透镜领域,具体是一种双介电层蓝相液晶透镜阵列。
背景技术
液晶透镜具有焦距可控、功耗低、结构轻巧等优点,因此在很多领域都有广泛的应用,例如自聚焦器件、2D/3D可切换显示、可调光子器件、图像处理和光通信等。目前,大多数液晶透镜都采用向列相液晶,由于向列相液晶的固有双折射比较大,所以能够实现较短的焦距。但是,向列相液晶透镜主要存在响应速度慢和偏振依赖性两个缺陷。
为了解决向列相液晶透镜存在的缺陷,人们提出了蓝相液晶透镜,它主要存在以下几个方面的优势:(1)亚毫秒级别的响应时间,比普通向列相液晶快了将近10倍;(2)不需要取向层,制作工艺简单。近些年,专家学者提出了几种蓝相液晶透镜结构,例如曲面电极结构、光学隐藏结构、多电极结构、表面浮雕结构等。其中,基于曲面电极的蓝相液晶透镜能够实现完美抛物线形的相位分布,但是曲面电极的制作过程比较复杂,对工艺要求比较高,并且驱动电压较高;基于光学隐藏结构的蓝相液晶透镜能够实现焦距的快速可调,但是它的隐藏曲面介电层不易制作与控制;基于多电极结构的蓝相液晶透镜通过给每个电极施加不同的电压可以得到完美抛物线形的相位分布,但是多电极结构的驱动方式比较复杂,并且每个电极的长度以及间隙都不相等;基于表面浮雕结构的蓝相液晶透镜能够实现正、负焦距的切换,但是它的液晶层厚度比较厚,响应时间较慢。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的不足,提供一种驱动方式简单、制作容易且性能优良的蓝相液晶透镜阵列。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明包括上玻璃基板、透明平面电极、液晶层、介电层I、第一透明电极、介电层II、第二透明电极和下玻璃基板。
所述的液晶层采用聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶,并且蓝相液晶层的厚度是均匀的。
所述的介电层I的介电系数远远大于和介电层II的介电系数。介电层I采用高介电系数的介电材料,介电系数在1000~1800之间,介电层I用于平滑液晶层内的相位分布;所述介电层II采用常规介电系数的介电材料,介电系数在3~10之间,介电层II用于分担施加在第二透明条纹上的电压,使液晶层内产生梯度折射率分布;所述的介电层I和介电层II的厚度相同,并且介电层I和介电层II的厚度大于第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极的厚度。
所述透明平面电极、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极采用氧化铟锡(ITO)或氧化铟锌(IZO)等透明导电材料;第一透明电极的宽度与第二透明电极的宽度相同,第一透明电极间的间隙与第二透明电极间的间隙相同,并且透明平面电极、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极的厚度相同;所述透明平面电极接地,施加在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上的电压相同。
本发明提供的蓝相液晶透镜阵列采用透明平面电极、厚度均匀的液晶层、介电层I、介电层II、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极,驱动方式简单并且制作容易。同时在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上施加相同的电压,通过常规介电层II的分压作用,改变液晶层内部的折射率分布,配合介电层I,在液晶层内部产生梯度折射率分布,从而得到抛物线形的相位分布。此外,通过改变第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上施加的电压来调节所述蓝相液晶透镜阵列的焦距。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列的结构示意图。
图2是本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列单个透镜的折射率分布曲线图。
图3是本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列单个透镜的相位分布曲线图。
图4是本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列的电压-焦距曲线图。
上述附图中的图示标号为:
1上玻璃基板,2透明平面电极,3液晶层,4介电层I,5第一透明条纹电极,6介电层II,7第二透明条纹电极,8下玻璃基板。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员能更进一步了解本发明,下面将结合附图详细地说明本发明的具体实施方式。需要说明的是,附图仅以说明为目的,并未依照原始尺寸作图。
附图1是本发明实施例提供的蓝相液晶透镜阵列的结构示意图,该蓝相液晶透镜阵列包括上玻璃基板、透明平面电极、液晶层、介电层I、第一透明条纹电极、介电层II、第二透明条纹电极和下玻璃基板;液晶层采用聚合物稳定的蓝相液晶,并且液晶层的厚度是均匀的;介电层I由高介电系数的介电材料制作而成,可以采用氟乙烯-三氟乙烯-三氟氯乙烯和聚苯胺按一定比例混合掺杂制作,介电层II由一般介电系数的介电材料制作而成,可以由聚酰亚胺制作,介电层I用于平滑液晶层内的相位分布,介电层II用于分担施加在第二透明条纹上的电压,使液晶层内产生梯度折射率分布。所述透明平面电极、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极采用氧化铟锡(ITO)制作,第一透明电极的宽度与第二透明电极的宽度相同,第一透明电极间的间隙与第二透明电极间的间隙相同,并且透明平面电极、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极的厚度相同。所述透明平面电极接地,施加在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上的电压相同。通过介电层II的分压作用,改变液晶层内部的折射率分布,配合介电层I,在液晶层内部产生梯度折射率分布,从而得到抛物线形的相位分布。所述蓝相液晶透镜阵列的焦距通过改变在所述第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上施加的电压进行调节。
本实施例中使用的液晶材料的特性参数为:蓝相液晶的材料折射率为no=1.4794,ne=1.6494;在波长λ=550nm时,饱和双折射为0.17,饱和电场为4.15V/μm,克尔系数K=13.7nm/V2。
本实施例中液晶层的厚度dLC=10μm,介电层I的厚度d2=6μm,介电系数为1000,介电层II的厚度d1=6μm,介电系数为3.8,第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极的宽度w=200μm,第一透明条纹电极之间的间隙为蓝相液晶透镜阵列单个透镜区域,第一透明条纹电极的间隙和第二透明条纹电极的间隙l=200μm,即蓝相液晶透镜阵列每个透镜的直径为200μm。特别的,透明平面电极、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极的厚度均为0.04μm。
附图2为本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列单个透镜的折射率分布曲线图,此时施加在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上的电压V=50Vrms。带实心正方形的曲线和带实心圆的曲线分别表示o光和e光的折射率分布曲线,实线表示理想透镜的抛物线。从附图2可以看出,透镜中心与透镜边缘之间的折射率差为0.0468,所述的蓝相液晶透镜阵列能够实现较大范围的焦距可调,液晶层内的折射率分布呈中心对称,折射率分布具有良好的抛物线形。此外,o光和e光的折射率分布曲线重合得良好,因此所述的蓝相液晶透镜阵列是偏振无关,并且o光和e光折射率分布曲线与理想透镜折射率分布曲线匹配得很好。
附图3为本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列单个透镜的相位分布图,此时施加在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上的电压V=50Vrms。带实心正方形的曲线和带实心圆的曲线分别表示o光和e光的折射率分布曲线,实线表示理想透镜的抛物线。特别的,令液晶透镜中心处的相位设为零。从附图3可以看出,透镜中心与透镜边缘之间的相位差为1.70π,并且o光和e光的相位分布与理想抛物线匹配得很好,这有助于减小球差,提高透镜成像质量。此外,由于液晶层中的电场主要是垂直电场,其水平电场分量基本可以忽略,所以o光和e光的相位重合得非常好,因此该蓝相液晶透镜阵列是偏振无关的。
附图4是本发明实施例的蓝相液晶透镜阵列的焦距-电压曲线图。带实心正方形的曲线和带实心圆的曲线分别表示o光和e光的焦距与电压变化的关系。从附图4可以看出,当施加在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上的电压0Vrms增加到50Vrms时,透镜的焦距可以从无穷远连续调节到12.18mm,并且o光和e光对应的焦距的变化始终保持一致,这进一步说明了该蓝相液晶透镜阵列是偏振无关的,此外,该蓝相液晶透镜阵列不需要太高的驱动电压就能实现小焦距调节。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例,但本发明不限于此实施例。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,在不脱离由权利要求书限定的本发明的精神实质和范围的情况下对其形式和细节做出的各种改变,皆应属本发明的范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种蓝相液晶透镜阵列包括上玻璃基板、透明平面电极、液晶层、介电层I、第一透明条纹电极、介电层II、第二透明条纹电极和下玻璃基板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种蓝相液晶透镜阵列,其特征是,所述的介电层I的厚度和介电层II的厚度相同。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种蓝相液晶透镜阵列,其特征是,所述的介电层I的介电系数远远大于介电层II的介电系数。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种蓝相液晶透镜阵列,其特征是,所述第一透明电极的宽度与第二透明电极的宽度相同,第一透明电极间的间隙与第二透明电极间的间隙相同,并且透明平面电极、第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极的厚度相同。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种蓝相液晶透镜阵列,其特征是,所述透明平面电极接地,施加在第一透明条纹电极和第二透明条纹电极上的电压相同,蓝相液晶透镜阵列的焦距通过改变所述第一透明电极和第二透明电极施加的电压进行控制。
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