CN108570407A - A kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system - Google Patents

A kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system Download PDF

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CN108570407A
CN108570407A CN201710678281.XA CN201710678281A CN108570407A CN 108570407 A CN108570407 A CN 108570407A CN 201710678281 A CN201710678281 A CN 201710678281A CN 108570407 A CN108570407 A CN 108570407A
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gas
methane
gas storage
biogas
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CN108570407B (en
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徐建玲
王汉席
刘学军
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Northeastern University China
Northeast Normal University
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    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/34—Internal compartments or partitions
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/40—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system, which passes through six methane-generating pit construction, methane bag installation, roof insulating construction, the preparation of fermentation raw material, the purification of biogas and storage steps successively.Roof insulating (18) is added heat-insulated using double-layer heat insulation, it is ensured that winter ferments；Methane bag (11) is positioned in methane-generating pit, reduces the risk of leakage environmental pollution；Fermentation raw material realizes the recycling of waste based on excrement and stalk；Fermentation raw material is pre-processed, gas production rate is improved；The biogas residue of fermentation prepares organic fertilizer, and biogas slurry is used to prepare liquid fertilizer；Gas storage holder (22) uses three air storage chambers, meet just common gas, gas storage and emergency gas triple functions.The biogas production system realizes that the complete resource of waste utilizes, while protecting environment.

Description

A kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system
Technical field
The present invention relates to the environmental ecology energy technology fields in Environmental Science and Engineering, more particularly to a kind of applicable cold Ground zone temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system.
Background technology
Economic fast development, improvement of living standard so that livestock and poultry breeding industry develops rapidly, and the feces of livestock and poultry of generation is in Increase trend year by year.Poultry excrement and urine disposal is not good at, and air and underground water are polluted, and administers difficult.The development of agricultural generates a large amount of Straw is burned or is piled up arbitrarily, and is immeasurable to consequence of failure caused by environment.Utilize livestock and poultry and straw system Standby biogas, organic fertilizer and liquid fertilizer realize the pollution avoided while the complete resource of waste utilizes to environment.
Feces of livestock and poultry is based on fertilizer processed at present, and based on straw is utilized with calorific value, input is big, and return is small, recycling profit It is low with rate, greatly limit the utilization of feces of livestock and poultry and straw.Using feces of livestock and poultry and straw be mixed with biogas, Organic fertilizer and liquid fertilizer improve added value.Since cold district temperature is low, throughout the year only less than the climate temperature item of half Part disclosure satisfy that producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, thus greatly limit the development of the technology.Therefore, good heat insulating, cost are developed It is low, it is ensured that the applicable cold district of energy normal gas producing is with temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system, drop throughout the year Low operating cost realizes effective recycling, is the key that current research.Cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration The research of biogas production system is to improving solid wastes recycling using horizontal raising and the effective dirt for improving solid waste to environment Dye etc. will all be of great significance.It is mainly authorized about cold district methane-generating pit at present or disclosed patent includes：Solar energy is permanent Warm ferment biomass pool (the number of applying for a patent：200710055746.2), the temperature increasing and preserving method of methane tank at cold region (number of applying for a patent： 200810072878.0), the warming and heat-preserving three-layer-film-type marsh gas tank in cold area (number of applying for a patent：200810072870.4), low product The potential energy source device auxiliary type methane tank system (number of applying for a patent：201120248741.3), large and medium-sized methane-generating pit (tank) it is antifreeze anti- Flash device (the number of applying for a patent in incrustation：201210284532.3), the Hot smoke channel methane tank of heatable brick bed-connected stove (number of applying for a patent： 201310264714.9), a kind of solar-energy methane pit (number of applying for a patent：201320761120.4), solar energy stir methane-generating pit (the number of applying for a patent：201510893173.5), a kind of methane-generating pit (number of applying for a patent suitable for cold district： 201620467599.4), the methane-generating pit (number of applying for a patent with auxiliary temperature increasing device：201120276119.3), winter biogas Multiple temperature-increasing system (the number of applying for a patent in pond：201120035457.8), a kind of family four seasons methane-generating pit (number of applying for a patent： 200920153637.9), a kind of circulatory temperature-increasing film type methane pool (number of applying for a patent：200920164631.1), solar heat-preservation Stalk reactor couples the temperature-raising marsh pool (number of applying for a patent：200920094396.5), a kind of heating type biogas digester (applies for a patent Number：201020141026.5), the solar energy multifunctional four seasons hot fermentation methane-generating pit (number of applying for a patent：200920093945.7)、 A kind of combination anaerobic biogas generating pit (number of applying for a patent：201020154839.8), cold district is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, and (application is special for type methane-generating pit Profit number：200920094395.0), the rotational foaming methane tank (number of applying for a patent：200920009086.9) etc..The above patent All it is the preparation method about the construction of cold district methane-generating pit and biogas, these methods take one in reply cold climate feature Fixed measure, it is with the obvious advantage, to pushing the raising for area's biogas technology of preparing level of trembling with fear to have certain facilitation.But because existing Method is complicated, construction cost is high, the cycle of operation is short, resource utilization rate is low, energy expenditure is big and heat insulation effect is poor etc. it is a kind of or Number of drawbacks, in cold area popularizing application difficult.Therefore, it is simple to develop a kind of method, manufacturing cost is low, low energy consumption, resource Change the high cold district preparation of marsh-gas of utilization rate, to promoting the raising of cold district biogas production technology and the resource of solid waste Change and is all had important practical significance using horizontal raising.
Invention content
It is real the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system The recycling of existing feces of livestock and poultry and stalk；The construction cost of this method reduction cold district methane-generating pit, raising biogas output, Gas production rate and the fertilizer efficiency for producing organic fertilizer；This method is simple for process, has higher application value.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system, it is characterised in that：The biogas is given birth to Production system passes through methane-generating pit construction, methane bag installation, roof insulating construction, the preparation of fermentation raw material, the purification of biogas and storage successively Deposit six steps.First, the construction of methane-generating pit contains pool wall, bottom of pond, feed inlet and slag notch, and heat insulation wall is arranged on the outside of pool wall, into Feed pipe and residue outlet is respectively set in material mouth and slag notch；Second, when methane bag is installed, feed pipe and residue outlet respectively with biogas The charging interface of bag is connected with discharging interface；Third, the heat preservation of construction cover outer layer, internal layer heat preservation and the thermal wall of roof insulating；The Four, fermentation raw material includes feces of livestock and poultry, stalk and organic wastewater, and zymophyte is uniformly mixed using mushroom bacteria sugar or activated sludge； 5th, the purification of biogas includes filtering, desulfurization and dehydration；6th, the gas production that methane holder total capacity is 2~3 months.
When heat preservation wall material on the outside of the pool wall uses rock wool or perlite, thickness is 50~100mm；When material is adopted When with benzene plate, thickness is 30~50mm；When material uses stalk, thickness is 200~300mm；When methane-generating pit is rectangle, pond Wall and bottom of pond use armored concrete material；When methane-generating pit is round, pool wall and bottom of pond are brick using clay, and inside does 30~ 50mm solid cement mortars face.
The feed inlet volume is 2~3 times of an inventory, and long and width is not less than 0.5m；Feeding port into Expects pipe diameter is not less than 200mm, and tube bottom depth is 0.7~0.8 times of methane-generating pit depth；Discharge port volume is the 2.5 of an amount of slag ~3.5 times, and long and width is not less than 0.5m；Pipe diameter of slagging tap at slag notch is not less than 200mm, and tube bottom depth is 0.85 ~0.95 times of methane-generating pit depth.
The inlet and outlet of the bottom of pond heating tube are distributed with pond central symmetry, and heating tube a diameter of 20~ 50mm, laying spacing are 150~400mm, often arrange 200~500mm of distance of the interface distance pool wall between heating tube；Heating tube Inlet and outlet be connected to respectively with solar water heater, when temperature is more than 45 DEG C, stop heating；When stopping heating, Inlet and outlet are disconnected with solar energy system.
The carbon-nitrogen ratio of first time charge ratio is 20~30 in the methane bag:1, total solids content is 6~10%；Natural pond Volume shared by slag and biogas slurry is 0.65~0.75 times of methane bag total measurement (volume), controls biogas pressure in methane bag and is no more than 8kPa；Primary every 15~20 days pump drainage biogas residues, pump drainage amount is 0.2~0.25 times of total solid, and each complete supplement of pump drainage is new Fermentation material, the amount of supplement are 1.03~1.05 times of biogas residue amount of solid；Biogas residue addition after pump drainage accounts for the 20~30% of siccative weight Hulled corn crushing straw is mixed with organic fertilizer, and the grain size of corn straw smashing is less than 30mm；When each pump drainage biogas residue, simultaneously The biogas slurry of the total biogas slurry amount of pump drainage 15~20%, biogas slurry use bottled for liquid fertilizer, solid on sieve after the net filtration in the apertures 0.075mm It is added in methane bag again with virgin material mixing；Pump drainage biogas residue when clear pond, the biogas slurry of pump drainage after precipitation, take 0.2~0.3 times of pond depth Supernatant liquid filtering after be used to prepare liquid fertilizer, remaining biogas slurry be used for methane-generating pit startup.
In the methane bag fermentation material for the first time start when, be added the zymogenic amount of inoculum be fermentation material 0.25~ 0.35 times；When fermentation material stalk being added in methane bag, stalk need to crush length 50mm hereinafter, and the stack retting pretreatment 5 outside pond ~8 days；Stalk is dipped to saturation state before stack retting, addition accounts for lime or plant ash that siccative weighs 1.5~2.5%, stack retting temperature Degree is 25~45 DEG C；Stack retting tankage is 1.2~1.5 times of inventory, which is located at feed inlet side, and its is coupled.
Thermal wall is set between the outer layer heat preservation and internal layer heat preservation, thermal wall width is 0.8~1.2m, depth 1.5 ~2.2m, material are rice straw or maize straw.
The gas storage holder is divided into three Room of one Room of gas storage, two Room of gas storage and gas storage, and one Room of gas storage and two Room of gas storage are located at storage The top of three Room of gas, one chamber vol of gas storage are to produce 0.3~0.5 times of tolerance daily, two chamber vol of gas storage be daily output tolerance 15~ 20 times, three chamber vol of gas storage is produce tolerance daily 45~72 times, and each air storage chamber is equipped with air inlet, gas outlet and pressure gauge, storage Three Room of gas is additionally provided with exhaust outlet.
When the one chamber pressure meter pressure of gas storage holder is shown as 1kPa, two Room air inlet opens carry out two Room of gas storage Inflation；When two chamber pressure meter pressures are shown as 1.5kPa, three Room air inlet opens are inflated three Room of gas storage；It stores up for the first time When depositing gas, when three chamber pressure meter pressures are 0.1~0.2kPa, the sky of three indoor storage of exhaust outlet discharge gas storage is opened manually Gas, discharge rate are less than three total gas-storing capacities of air storage chamber, and when detecting discharge gas methane content more than 5%, exhaust is turned off manually Mouthful, it after stablizing 20~30min, opens exhaust outlet manually again, when methane content is higher than 30%, exhaust outlet is turned off manually.
One Room air inlet of one Room of gas storage is connect with the gas outlet at the top of methane bag, and a Room gas outlet connects with user It connects；When three chamber pressure meter pressures are more than 5kPa, stop supplying to one Room of gas storage, start spare gas pot, while user being connect Three Room gas outlet of mouth reconfiguration；When three chamber pressure meter pressures, which are shown, falls to 1kPa, it is by the gas outlet reconfiguration at the top of methane bag One Room air inlet, while by one Room gas outlet of user interface reconfiguration；When emergent, by two Room gas outlet of user interface reconfiguration；Institute The Room air inlet stated is located at 0.35~0.65 times of one Room height of gas storage, and two Room air inlets are located at the 0.05 of two Room height of gas storage ~0.1 times, three Room air inlets are located at the top of three Room of gas storage；One Room gas outlet is located at the 0.85~0.95 of one Room height of gas storage Times, two Room gas outlets are located at 0.90~0.95 times of two Room height of gas storage, and three Room gas outlets are located at the 0.75 of three Room height of gas storage ~0.85 times, exhaust outlet is located at 0.02~0.05 times of three Room height of gas storage；Each gas outlet, air inlet, exhaust outlet are all made of only Valve is returned, wherein when a Room air inlet disconnects, is turned off manually.
Advantageous effect：The present invention can effectively improve the utility value of feces of livestock and poultry and stalk, reduce feces of livestock and poultry and Pollution of the stalk to environment；The present invention can realize that the complete resource of feces of livestock and poultry and stalk utilizes, while solve cold ground The low problem low with gas production rate of area's biogas output；The method of the present invention is simple, at low cost, and the cycle of operation is long, and operability is strong, answers It is high with value.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the rectangle methane-generating pit plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the round methane-generating pit plan view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the methane-generating pit sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the methane bag sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the system sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the gas storage holder sectional view of the present invention.
In figure, 1, pool wall, 2, bottom of pond, 3, heat insulation wall, 4, feed pipe, 5, feed inlet, 6, residue outlet, 7, slag notch, 8 plus Heat pipe, 9, water inlet, 10, water outlet, 11, methane bag, 12, charging interface, 13, discharging interface, 14, biogas residue, 15, biogas slurry, 16, Biogas, 17, gas outlet, 18, roof insulating, 19, outer layer heat preservation, 20, internal layer heat preservation, 21, thermal wall, 22, gas storage holder, 23, gas storage One Room, 24, two Room of gas storage, 25, three Room of gas storage, 26, one Room air inlet, 27, two Room air inlets, 28, three Room air inlets, 29, one Room gas outlet, 30, two Room gas outlets, 31, three Room gas outlets, 32, one chamber pressure table, 33, two chamber pressure tables, 34, three chamber pressures Table, 35, exhaust outlet, 36, stack retting pond.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention uses feces of livestock and poultry and straw to prepare biogas, organic fertilizer and liquid fertilizer for raw material, is protected using outside Based on temperature, the heat-insulation system supplemented by the heating of inside while pre-processing stalk, improve cold district biogas gas production and Gas production rate；It uses discarded mushroom bacteria sugar or activated sludge for inoculum, reduces fermentation costs；Using locellus gas storage holder, collect With the air using gas storage holder interior storage when being carried out at the same time, while air inlet for the first time is effectively discharged；Fermentation material whole quilt of the present invention It utilizes, realizes that the complete resource of feces of livestock and poultry and straw utilizes；The method of the present invention manufacturing cost is low, application value It is higher.
Below in conjunction with example, the present invention is further described, and specific implementation step is as follows：
Example 1：Pig manure and rice straw mixture production biogas and organic fertilizer
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 6, which passes through methane-generating pit construction successively, methane bag is installed, roof insulating is built If, the preparation of fermentation raw material, the purification of biogas and storage six steps.First, the construction of methane-generating pit containing pool wall 1, bottom of pond 2, into Heat insulation wall 3 is arranged in material mouth 5 and slag notch 7,1 outside of pool wall, and feed pipe 4 and residue outlet 6 is respectively set in feed inlet 5 and slag notch 7； Second, when methane bag 11 is installed, feed pipe 4 and residue outlet 6 connect with the charging interface 12 of methane bag 11 and discharging interface 13 respectively It connects；Third, construction cover outer layer heat preservation 19, internal layer heat preservation 20 and the thermal wall 21 of roof insulating 18；4th, fermentation raw material includes pig Excrement, rice straw and kitchen waste water, zymophyte is using mushroom bacteria sugar；5th, the purification of biogas includes filtering, desulfurization and dehydration； 6th, the gas production that 22 total capacity of methane holder is 2 months.
3 material of heat insulation wall in 1 outside of pool wall uses perlite, thickness 50mm；Methane-generating pit is rectangle, pool wall 1 and bottom of pond 2 Using armored concrete.
Feed inlet volume is 2 times of an inventory, and long and width is respectively 0.6m and 0.5m；Feeding port feed pipe 4 is straight Diameter is 200mm, and tube bottom depth is 0.7 times of methane-generating pit depth；Discharge port volume is 2.5 times of an amount of slag, long and width difference For 0.6m and 0.5m；6 a diameter of 200mm of residue outlet at slag notch 7, tube bottom depth are 0.85 times of methane-generating pit depth.
The water inlet 9 and water outlet 10 of bottom of pond heating tube 8 are distributed with pond central symmetry, 8 a diameter of 20mm of heating tube, are laid with Spacing is 150mm, often arranges the distance 200mm of the interface distance pool wall between heating tube 8；The water inlet 9 and water outlet of heating tube 8 10 are connected to solar water heater respectively, and control temperature is no more than 45 DEG C；When stopping heating, water inlet 9 and water outlet 10 with too Positive energy system disconnects.
The carbon-nitrogen ratio that feeds intake for the first time in methane bag 11 is 20:1, total solids content 6%；Shared by biogas residue 14 and biogas slurry 15 Volume is 0.65 times of 11 total measurement (volume) of methane bag, controls 16 pressure of biogas in methane bag 11 and is no more than 8kPa；Every 15 days pump drainages Biogas residue 14 is primary, and pump drainage amount is 0.2 times of total solid, each complete new fermentation material of supplement of pump drainage, and the amount of supplement is solid for biogas residue 14 1.03 times of the scale of construction；The 20% hulled corn crushing straw that biogas residue addition after pump drainage accounts for siccative weight is mixed with organic fertilizer, beautiful The grain size that rice stalk crushes is less than 30mm；When each pump drainage biogas residue, while the biogas slurry of the total biogas slurry amount of pump drainage 15%, biogas slurry use Bottled after the net filtration in the apertures 0.075mm is liquid fertilizer, and the upper solid of sieve and virgin material mix in addition methane bag again；It is taken out when clear pond Biogas residue is arranged, the biogas slurry of pump drainage after precipitation, liquid fertilizer is used to prepare after taking the supernatant liquid filtering of 0.2 times of pond depth, remaining biogas slurry is used In the startup of methane-generating pit.
When fermentation material starts for the first time in methane bag 11,0.25 times that the zymogenic amount of inoculum is fermentation material is added； Fermentation material rice straw is added in methane bag 11, rice straw crushes length 50mm hereinafter, and stack retting pre-processes 5 days outside pond； Rice straw is dipped to saturation state before stack retting, addition accounts for the lime that siccative weighs 1.5%, and stack retting temperature is 25~35 DEG C；Heap 1.2 times that pond (36) capacity is inventory are macerated, which is located at 5 side of feed inlet, and its is coupled.
Thermal wall 21 is set between outer layer heat preservation 19 and internal layer heat preservation 20, and 21 width of thermal wall is 0.8m, depth 2.2m, material Matter is rice straw.
The gas storage holder 22 divides for three Room 25 of one Room 23 of gas storage, two Room 24 of gas storage and gas storage, one Room 23 of gas storage and gas storage Two Room 24 are located at the top of three Room 25 of gas storage, and one Room of gas storage, 23 capacity is produce tolerance daily 0.3 times, and two Room of gas storage, 24 capacity is day 15 times of gas production, three Room of gas storage, 25 capacity are produce tolerance daily 45 times, and each air storage chamber is equipped with air inlet, gas outlet and pressure Table, three Room 25 of gas storage are additionally provided with exhaust outlet 35.
When 22 1 chamber pressure table of gas storage holder, 32 pressure is shown as 1kPa, two Room air inlets 27 open, to two Room 24 of gas storage into Row inflation；When two chamber pressure tables, 33 pressure is shown as 1.5kPa, three Room air inlets 28 are opened, and are filled to three Room 25 of gas storage Gas；When storing gas for the first time, when three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure is 0.1kPa, exhaust outlet 35 is opened manually, three Room 25 of gas storage is discharged The air of interior storage, discharge rate are less than three total gas-storing capacities of air storage chamber, when detecting discharge gas methane content more than 5%, hand It is dynamic to close exhaust outlet 35, it after stablizing 20min, opens exhaust outlet 35 manually again, when methane content is higher than 30%, is turned off manually Exhaust outlet 35.
One Room air inlet 26 of one Room 23 of gas storage is connect with the gas outlet 17 at 11 top of methane bag, a Room gas outlet 29 and use Family connects；When three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure is more than 5kPa, stops supplying to one Room 23 of gas storage, start spare gas pot, simultaneously By three Room gas outlet 31 of user interface reconfiguration；When three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure, which is shown, falls to 1kPa, by 11 top of methane bag 17 reconfiguration of gas outlet be a Room air inlet 26, while by one Room gas outlet 29 of user interface reconfiguration；When emergent, by user interface Two Room gas outlet 30 of reconfiguration；One Room air inlet 26 is located at 0.35 times of one Room of gas storage, 23 height, and two Room air inlets 27 are located at gas storage 0.05 times of two Room, 24 height, three Room air inlets 28 are located at the top of three Room 25 of gas storage；One Room gas outlet 29 is located at one Room of gas storage 0.85 times of 23 height, two Room gas outlets 30 are located at 0.90 times of two Room of gas storage, 24 height, and three Room gas outlets 31 are located at gas storage three 0.75 times of 25 height of room, exhaust outlet 35 are located at 0.02 times of three Room of gas storage, 25 height；Each gas outlet, air inlet, exhaust outlet are equal It is turned off manually wherein when a Room air inlet 26 disconnects using check-valves.
Prepare that methane gas producing amount is big using foregoing invention method, the organic fertilizer N-P-K content of preparation is high.
Example 2：Deer excrement and maize straw are mixed with biogas and organic fertilizer
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 6, a kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system, fermentation Raw material includes deer excrement, maize straw and food processing wastewater, and it is 3 that zymophyte, which uses activated sludge, 22 total capacity of methane holder, A month gas production.
3 material of heat insulation wall in 1 outside of pool wall uses rock wool, thickness 100mm；Methane-generating pit is circle, pool wall 1 and bottom of pond 2 Brick using clay, 30mm solid cement mortars face is done in inside.
Feed inlet volume is 3 times of an inventory, and long and width is respectively 1.0m and 0.8m；Feeding port feed pipe 4 A diameter of 300mm, tube bottom depth are 0.7 times of methane-generating pit depth；Discharge port volume is 2.5 times of an amount of slag, and long and width Respectively 1.0m and 0.8m；6 a diameter of 300mm of residue outlet at slag notch 7, tube bottom depth are 0.85 times of methane-generating pit depth.
8 a diameter of 50mm of heating tube, laying spacing are 400mm, often arrange the distance of the interface distance pool wall between heating tube 8 500mm, the water inlet 9 and water outlet 10 of heating tube 8 are connected to solar water heater respectively, and heating temperature is 30~45 DEG C.
In methane bag 11 fermentation material for the first time feed intake carbon-nitrogen ratio be 30:1, total solids content 10%；Biogas residue 14 and biogas slurry (15) volume shared by is 0.75 times of 11 total measurement (volume) of methane bag, controls 16 pressure of biogas in methane bag 11 and is no more than 8kPa；Often Primary every 20 days pump drainage biogas residues 14, pump drainage amount is 0.25 times of total solid, each complete new fermentation material of supplement of pump drainage, the amount of supplement It is 1.05 times of 14 amount of solid of biogas residue；The 30% hulled corn crushing straw that biogas residue addition after pump drainage accounts for siccative weight is mixed with The grain size of organic fertilizer, corn straw smashing is less than 30mm；When each pump drainage biogas residue, while the biogas slurry of the total biogas slurry amount of pump drainage 20%, Biogas slurry use it is bottled for liquid fertilizer after the net filtration in the apertures 0.075mm, on sieve solid and virgin material mixing be added in methane bag again； Pump drainage biogas residue when clear pond, the biogas slurry of pump drainage after precipitation, liquid fertilizer are used to prepare after taking the supernatant liquid filtering of 0.3 times of pond depth, Remaining biogas slurry is used for the startup of methane-generating pit.
When starting for the first time in methane bag 11,0.35 times that the zymogenic amount of inoculum is fermentation material is added；In methane bag When fermentation material maize straw being added in 11, maize straw need to crush length 50mm hereinafter, and stack retting pre-processes 8 days outside pond；Heap Maize straw is dipped to saturation state before macerating, addition accounts for the plant ash that siccative weighs 2.5%, and stack retting temperature is 25~45 DEG C, heap Macerate 1.5 times that pond (36) capacity is inventory；21 width of thermal wall is 1.2m, and depth 1.5m, material is maize straw.
One Room 23 of gas storage and two Room 24 of gas storage are located at the top of three Room 25 of gas storage, and one Room of gas storage, 23 capacity is daily output tolerance 0.5 times, two Room of gas storage, 24 capacity is produce tolerance daily 20 times, and three Room of gas storage, 25 capacity is produce tolerance daily 72 times.
When 22 1 chamber pressure table of gas storage holder, 32 pressure is shown as 1kPa, two Room air inlets 27 open, to two Room 24 of gas storage into Row inflation；When two chamber pressure tables, 33 pressure is shown as 1.5kPa, three Room air inlets 28 are opened, and are filled to three Room 25 of gas storage Gas；When storing gas for the first time, when three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure is 0.2kPa, exhaust outlet 35 is opened manually, three Room 25 of gas storage is discharged The air of interior storage, discharge rate are less than three total gas-storing capacities of air storage chamber, when detecting discharge gas methane content more than 5%, hand It is dynamic to close exhaust outlet 35, it after stablizing 30min, opens exhaust outlet 35 manually again, when methane content is higher than 30%, is turned off manually Exhaust outlet 35.
One Room air inlet 26 of one Room 23 of gas storage is connect with the gas outlet 17 at 11 top of methane bag, a Room gas outlet 29 and use Family connects；When three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure is more than 5kPa, stops supplying to one Room 23 of gas storage, start spare gas pot, simultaneously By three Room gas outlet 31 of user interface reconfiguration；When three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure, which is shown, falls to 1kPa, by 11 top of methane bag 17 reconfiguration of gas outlet be a Room air inlet 26, while by one Room gas outlet 29 of user interface reconfiguration；When emergent, by user interface Two Room gas outlet 30 of reconfiguration；One Room air inlet 26 is located at 0.65 times of one Room of gas storage, 23 height, and two Room air inlets 27 are located at gas storage 0.1 times of two Room, 24 height, three Room air inlets 28 are located at the top of three Room 25 of gas storage；One Room gas outlet 29 is located at one Room 23 of gas storage 0.95 times of height, two Room gas outlets 30 are located at 0.95 times of two Room of gas storage, 24 height, and three Room gas outlets 31 are located at three Room of gas storage 0.85 times of 25 height, exhaust outlet 35 are located at 0.05 times of three Room of gas storage, 25 height；Each gas outlet, air inlet, exhaust outlet are adopted It is turned off manually wherein when a Room air inlet 26 disconnects with check-valves.
The biogas output of the indoor flower organic fertilizer free from extraneous odour prepared using foregoing invention method, preparation is high, gas production rate Greatly, significant effect.
Example 3：Cow dung mixes production biogas and organic fertilizer with maize straw
As shown in Fig. 1~Fig. 6, a kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system, fermentation Raw material include cow dung just, maize straw and food processing wastewater, zymophyte uses the activated sludge, 22 total capacity of methane holder to be 2.5 months gas production.
3 material of heat insulation wall in 1 outside of pool wall uses stalk, thickness 300mm；Methane-generating pit is rectangle, pool wall 1 and bottom of pond 2 Using armored concrete.
Feed inlet volume is 2.5 times of an inventory, and long and width is 0.7m；Feeding port feed pipe 4 is a diameter of 200mm, tube bottom depth are 0.8 times of methane-generating pit depth；Discharge port volume is 3.0 times of an amount of slag, and long and width is 0.8m； 6 a diameter of 200mm of residue outlet at slag notch 7, tube bottom depth are 0.9 times of methane-generating pit depth；8 a diameter of 50mm of heating tube is laid with Spacing is 300mm, often arranges the distance 300mm of the interface distance pool wall between heating tube 8.
The carbon-nitrogen ratio that feeds intake for the first time in methane bag 11 is 25:1, total solids content 8%；Shared by biogas residue 14 and biogas slurry 15 Volume is 0.70 times of 11 total measurement (volume) of methane bag, controls 16 pressure of biogas in methane bag 11 and is no more than 8kPa；Every 15~20 days Pump drainage biogas residue 14 is primary, and pump drainage amount is 0.2 times of total solid, and each complete new fermentation material of supplement of pump drainage, the amount of supplement is biogas residue 1.04 times of 14 amount of solid；Biogas residue after pump drainage be added account for siccative weight 25% hulled corn crushing straw be mixed with it is organic The grain size of fertilizer, corn straw smashing is less than 30mm；When each pump drainage biogas residue, at the same the biogas slurry of the total biogas slurry amount of pump drainage 18%, biogas slurry Use it is bottled for liquid fertilizer after the net filtration in the apertures 0.075mm, on sieve solid and virgin material mixing be added in methane bag again；Clear pond When pump drainage biogas residue, the biogas slurry of pump drainage after precipitation, is used to prepare liquid fertilizer, remaining natural pond after taking the supernatant liquid filtering of 0.25 times of pond depth Liquid is used for the startup of methane-generating pit.
Fermentation material starts the zymogenic amount of inoculum is added as fermentation material 0.3 times for the first time in methane bag 11, in biogas When fermentation material maize straw being added in bag 11, maize straw need to crush length 50mm hereinafter, and stack retting pre-processes 7 days outside pond； Maize straw is dipped to saturation state before stack retting, addition accounts for the plant ash that siccative weighs 2.0%, and stack retting temperature is 25~45 DEG C； 36 capacity of stack retting pond is 1.3 times of inventory, which is located at 5 side of feed inlet, and its is coupled；21 width of thermal wall is 1.0m, Depth is 2.0m, and material is maize straw；One Room of gas storage, 23 capacity is produce tolerance daily 0.4 times, and two Room of gas storage, 24 capacity is daily output 18 times of tolerance, three Room of gas storage, 25 capacity are produce tolerance daily 58 times.
When 22 1 chamber pressure table of gas storage holder, 32 pressure is shown as 1kPa, two Room air inlets 27 open, to two Room 24 of gas storage into Row inflation；When two chamber pressure tables, 33 pressure is shown as 1.5kPa, three Room air inlets 28 are opened, and are filled to three Room 25 of gas storage Gas；When storing gas for the first time, when three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure is 0.15kPa, exhaust outlet 35 is opened manually, three Room of gas storage is discharged The air stored in 25, discharge rate are less than three total gas-storing capacities of air storage chamber, when detecting discharge gas methane content more than 5%, Exhaust outlet 35 is turned off manually, after stablizing 25min, opens exhaust outlet 35 manually again, when methane content is higher than 30%, closes manually Close exhaust outlet 35.
One Room air inlet 26 of one Room 23 of gas storage is connect with the gas outlet 17 at 11 top of methane bag, a Room gas outlet 29 and use Family connects；When three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure is more than 5kPa, stops supplying to one Room 23 of gas storage, start spare gas pot, simultaneously By three Room gas outlet 31 of user interface reconfiguration；When three chamber pressure tables, 34 pressure, which is shown, falls to 1kPa, by 11 top of methane bag 17 reconfiguration of gas outlet be a Room air inlet 26, while by one Room gas outlet 29 of user interface reconfiguration；When emergent, user is connect Two Room gas outlet 30 of mouth reconfiguration；One Room air inlet 26 is located at 0.55 times of one Room of gas storage, 23 height, and two Room air inlets 27 are located at storage 0.08 times of two Room of gas, 24 height, three Room air inlets 28 are located at the top of three Room 25 of gas storage；One Room gas outlet 29 is located at gas storage one 0.90 times of 23 height of room, two Room gas outlets 30 are located at 0.92 times of two Room of gas storage, 24 height, and three Room gas outlets 31 are located at gas storage 0.80 times of three Room, 25 height, exhaust outlet 35 are located at 0.03 times of three Room of gas storage, 25 height.
The biogas output of preparation is high, and organic fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is good, significant effect.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Essence of the invention is not being departed from Spirit and principle within made by all any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in protection scope of the present invention it It is interior.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of applicable cold district band temperature raising and maintaining function integration biogas production system, it is characterised in that：The biogas production System passes through methane-generating pit construction, methane bag installation, roof insulating construction, the preparation of fermentation raw material, the purification of biogas and storage successively Six steps.First, the construction of methane-generating pit contains pool wall (1), bottom of pond (2), feed inlet (5) and slag notch (7), pool wall (1) outside Heat insulation wall (3) is set, and feed pipe (4) and residue outlet (6) is respectively set in feed inlet (5) and slag notch (7)；Second, methane bag (11) when installing, feed pipe (4) and residue outlet (6) connect with the charging interface of methane bag (11) (12) and discharging interface (13) respectively It connects；Third, construction cover outer layer heat preservation (19), internal layer heat preservation (20) and the thermal wall (21) of roof insulating (18)；4th, proferment Material includes feces of livestock and poultry, stalk and organic wastewater, and zymophyte is using mushroom bacteria sugar or activated sludge；5th, the purification packet of biogas Include filtering, desulfurization and dehydration；6th, the gas production that methane holder (22) total capacity is 2~3 months.
2. heat insulation wall (3) material on the outside of pool wall (1) as described in claim 1 uses rock wool or perlite, thickness 50 ~100mm；When material uses benzene plate, thickness is 30~50mm；When material uses stalk, thickness is 200~300mm；When When methane-generating pit is rectangle, pool wall (1) and bottom of pond (2) use armored concrete material；When methane-generating pit is round, pool wall (1) and Bottom of pond (2) is brick using clay, and 30~50mm solid cement mortars face is done in inside.
3. feed inlet volume as described in claim 1 is 2~3 times of an inventory, and long and width is not less than 0.5m； Feeding port feed pipe (4) diameter is not less than 200mm, and tube bottom depth is 0.7~0.8 times of methane-generating pit depth；Discharge port volume is primary 2.5~3.5 times of amount of slag, and long and width is not less than 0.5m；Residue outlet (6) diameter at slag notch (7) is not less than 200mm, tube bottom depth are 0.85~0.95 times of methane-generating pit depth.
4. the water inlet (9) and water outlet (10) of bottom of pond heating tube (8) as described in claim 1 are distributed with pond central symmetry, Heating tube (8) a diameter of 20~50mm, laying spacing are 150~400mm, often arrange the interface distance pool wall between heating tube (8) 200~500mm of distance；The water inlet (9) and water outlet (10) of heating tube (8) are connected to solar water heater respectively, work as temperature When degree is more than 45 DEG C, stop heating；When stopping heating, water inlet (9) and water outlet (10) are disconnected with solar energy system.
5. the carbon-nitrogen ratio in methane bag (11) as described in claim 1 after fermentation first time charge ratio is 20~30:1, always Solid content is 6~10%；Volume shared by biogas residue (14) and biogas slurry (15) is the 0.65~0.75 of methane bag (11) total measurement (volume) Times, biogas (16) pressure is no more than 8kPa in control methane bag (11)；Every 15~20 days pump drainage biogas residue (14) once, pump drainage amount It it is 0.2~0.25 times of total solid, each complete new fermentation material of supplement of pump drainage, the amount of supplement is the 1.03 of biogas residue (14) amount of solid ~1.05 times；20~30% hulled corn crushing straws that biogas residue addition after pump drainage accounts for siccative weight are mixed with organic fertilizer, beautiful The grain size that rice stalk crushes is less than 30mm；When each pump drainage biogas residue, while the biogas slurry of the total biogas slurry amount of pump drainage 15~20%, biogas slurry are adopted Bottled after net filtration with the apertures 0.075mm is liquid fertilizer, and the upper solid of sieve and virgin material mix in addition methane bag again；When clear pond Pump drainage biogas residue, the biogas slurry of pump drainage after precipitation, liquid fertilizer are used to prepare after taking the supernatant liquid filtering of 0.2~0.3 times of pond depth, remaining Biogas slurry is used for the startup of methane-generating pit.
6. fermentation material starts for the first time in the methane bag (11) as described in claim 1 and claim 5, inoculum hair is added The amount of yeast-like fungi is 0.25~0.35 times of fermentation material；When fermentation material stalk being added in methane bag (11), stalk need to crush length 50mm is hereinafter, and stack retting pre-processes 5~8 days outside pond；Stalk is dipped to saturation state before stack retting, addition accounts for siccative and weighs 1.5 ~2.5% lime or plant ash, stack retting temperature are 25~45 DEG C；Stack retting pond (36) capacity is 1.2~1.5 times of inventory, The pond is located at feed inlet (5) side, and its is coupled.
7. setting thermal wall (21) between outer layer heat preservation (19) as described in claim 1 and internal layer heat preservation (20), thermal wall (21) width is 0.8~1.2m, and depth is 1.5~2.2m, and material is rice straw or maize straw.
8. gas storage holder (22) as described in claim 1 is divided into one room of gas storage (23), two room of gas storage (24) and three room of gas storage (25), One room of gas storage (23) and two room of gas storage (24) are located at the top of three room of gas storage (25), and one room of gas storage (23) capacity is daily output tolerance 0.3~0.5 times, two room of gas storage (24) capacity is produce tolerance daily 15~20 times, and three room of gas storage (25) capacity is daily output tolerance 45~72 times, each air storage chamber is equipped with air inlet, gas outlet and pressure gauge, and three room of gas storage (25) is additionally provided with exhaust outlet (35).
9. gas storage holder (22) one chamber pressure table (32) pressure as claimed in claim 8 is shown as 1kPa, two Room air inlets (27) it opens, two room of gas storage (24) is inflated；When two chamber pressure table (33) pressure are shown as 1.5kPa, three Room air inlets (28) it opens, three room of gas storage (25) is inflated；For the first time store gas when, when three chamber pressure table (34) pressure be 0.1~ When 0.2kPa, exhaust outlet (35) is opened manually, the air stored in three room of gas storage (25) is discharged, discharge rate is less than three air storage chambers Exhaust outlet (35) is turned off manually when detecting discharge gas methane content more than 5% in total gas-storing capacity, after stablizing 20~30min, It opens exhaust outlet (35) manually again, when methane content is higher than 30%, exhaust outlet (35) is turned off manually.
10. a Room air inlet (26) of one room of gas storage (23) as described in claim 8 and claim 9 is pushed up with methane bag (11) The gas outlet (17) in portion connects, and a Room gas outlet (29) is connect with user；When three chamber pressure table (34) pressure are more than 5kPa, stop It is only supplied to one room of gas storage (23), starts spare gas pot, while by three Room gas outlet (31) of user interface reconfiguration；When three chamber pressures Power table (34) pressure is shown when falling to 1kPa, is a Room air inlet by gas outlet (17) reconfiguration at the top of methane bag (11) (26), while by one Room gas outlet (29) of user interface reconfiguration；When emergent, by two Room gas outlet (30) of user interface reconfiguration； The one Room air inlet (26) is located at 0.35~0.65 times of one room of gas storage (23) height, and two Room air inlets (27) are located at gas storage 0.05~0.1 times of two rooms (24) height, three Room air inlets (28) are located at the top of three room of gas storage (25)；One Room gas outlet (29) Positioned at 0.85~0.95 times of one room of gas storage (23) height, two Room gas outlets (30) be located at two room of gas storage (24) height 0.90~ 0.95 times, three Room gas outlets (31) are located at 0.75~0.85 times of three room of gas storage (25) height, and exhaust outlet (35) is located at gas storage three 0.02~0.05 times of room (25) height；Each gas outlet, air inlet, exhaust outlet are all made of check-valves, wherein a Room air inlet (26) it when disconnecting, is turned off manually.
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