CN1868934B - Skid-mounted combined high temperature constant temperature methane comprehensive utilization system - Google Patents

Skid-mounted combined high temperature constant temperature methane comprehensive utilization system Download PDF

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CN1868934B
CN1868934B CN2006100649493A CN200610064949A CN1868934B CN 1868934 B CN1868934 B CN 1868934B CN 2006100649493 A CN2006100649493 A CN 2006100649493A CN 200610064949 A CN200610064949 A CN 200610064949A CN 1868934 B CN1868934 B CN 1868934B
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tank
constant temperature
fermentation tank
comprehensive utilization
high temperature
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CN1868934A (en
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左秀锦
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/20Sludge processing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A combined high-and constant-temp system for comprehensively utilizing marsh gas is composed of a pre-mixing tank for the droppings and dung of fowls and animal, sludge pump, fermenting system consisting of multiple fermentors, electric generator set with IC engine, boiler using the afterheat as heat source, press filter and dregs granulating machine.

Description

Skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization system, specifically be a kind of batch production process units that ight soil such as the poultry of plant or fowl are carried out integrated treatment that is mainly used in, native system produces biogas and produces the solid particulate fertilizer and system outwards stablizes output AC when ight soil is carried out harmless treatment.
Background technology
Prior art is ight soil moisture and urine to be transported to ferment in the methane-generating pit to the processing method of ight soil such as the poultry of plant or fowl, the biogas that produces is used for life or produces, and utilizes the liquid-solid partition method of settling tank that the mud after fermenting is carried out the natural subsidence processing.There is following shortcoming in the employed treating apparatus of above-mentioned processing method:
1. operation under common normal temperature and middle temperature (non-constant temperature) fermentation condition can not realize the harmless treatment that ight soil is sterilized fully.
2. be subjected to climatic influences bigger, particularly in the basic cisco unity malfunction of north of china in winter (the biogas fermentation temperature is lower than 12 ℃ of reaction terminatings), be that the heat that can not utilize winter fermentation to produce biochemical reaction self generation in natural pond is kept the required temperature of fermentation, the biogas utilization rate is low.
3. can not continous-stable to the treating capacity of fowl and animal excrement and processing cycle: big volume methane-generating pit all has raw material constantly to put in the entire process process, cause the raw material of putting into earlier to handle (fermentation or sedimentation) excessively, the raw material of putting into is not afterwards then fermented fully, has influenced treatment effect and efficient; Usually just the ight soil after handling must be cleared through a work period and be placed on natural subsidence in the settling tank.This device not only methane-generating pit volume is very big, and matching used settling tank is also very big, and floor space is very big in a word.
4. treating apparatus generally adopts the concrete fixed building, just is difficult to transform and move in case finish to build, and the more important thing is that this device is caused waste at north of china in winter by bursting by freezing easily.
5. alr mode can not reach the purpose of abundant fermentation with the abundant mixing of material.
6. non-stirring-type methane-generating pit has siltation in the bottom, uses all the year round to cause the methane-generating pit volume to diminish until discarded.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide a kind of skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization system, can not realize the harmless treatment of sterilizing fully with what solve that prior art exists to fowl and animal excrement, can not be in the north of china in winter operate as normal of cold, fermentation reaction can not carry out by continous-stable, manure fermentation overtreating or do not carry out fermentation process fully and influenced treatment effect and efficient, the heat energy that can not utilize the system biogas comprehensive utilization to produce is kept the constant temperature method of fermentation under temperature required, methane-generating pit uses the phase in longevity short, the low problem of the big biogas utilization rate of plant area area.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization system comprises premixing tank, sludge pump, installation for fermenting, generating set and solid organic fertilizer process units.Described installation for fermenting is characterized in that: installation for fermenting is that the skid parallel connection of a plurality of fermentation tanks combines, and each fermentation tank is provided with feed(raw material)inlet, methane outlet and fermentation discharging opening; The outlet of premixing tank is connected with the feed(raw material)inlet of installation for fermenting by sludge pump; The methane outlet of installation for fermenting and bottom discharging opening are connected with the organic fertilizer production device with generating set by conversion equipment respectively; The methane outlet of installation for fermenting is connected to the automotive fuel inlet of generating set through the constant voltage surge tank; The bottom discharging opening of installation for fermenting directly is connected with the filter press inlet of organic fertilizer production device.
Between described fermentation tank and constant voltage surge tank, be in series with desulfurizer.
Be provided with spiral heater in described fermentation tank, the outer end of this heater is connected with the cooling water output of described generating set or the hot loading stream discharge end outlet of gas fired-boiler.
Described fermentation tank comprises tank body and agitating device, and described agitating device comprises power set, rotating shaft and metal paddle, and power set are installed in the tank body top and are connected with metal paddle in the tank body by rotating shaft.
The tank body of described fermentation tank is made of inner bag, the heat-insulation layer of centre and the protective layer in the outside.
Described inner bag adopts fiberglass to make, and heat-insulation layer adopts polyurethane foam plastics to make, and protective layer adopts fiberglass or metal to make.
Described spiral heater adopts the stainless steel inner coil pipe; The aseptic technic of the metal assembly of fermentation tank adopts the anodic attack method; The integrated control of temperature-sensitive probe is used in the fermentation tank thermostatic control; The jar internal pressure is designed to 0.003MPa (300mm water column), is provided with Pressure gauge and shows pressure; Fermentation tank is provided with anti-riot safety valve, to guarantee fermentation tank safety operation in design pressure.
Described premixing tank comprises tank body and is installed in the interior agitator of this tank body, in this tank body, be provided with the stainless steel disc pipe heater, this agitator adopts dasher, and the outer end of this heater is connected with the cooling water output of described generating set or the hot loading stream discharge end outlet of gas fired-boiler.
The generating waste-heat of described generating set produces combustion power generation internal combustion unit by the direct heat transfer mode middle setting-out steam that 55 ℃ cooling water and waste heat boiler produce directly to be mixed and produces 90 ℃ of hot water, is used for the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation; Described waste heat boiler is with generating 650 ℃~850 ℃ high-temperature flue gas that combustion in IC engine produced, by a pipe shell type highly effective heat exchanger in the indirect heat transfer mode with hot charge material water vapor, medium pressure steam that water vapor produces directly mixes with 55 ℃ generating set cooling water and produces 90 ℃ of hot water, be mainly used in the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation, surplus output is used for have a bath usefulness, heating in winter of the relevant living area of bionethanation system such as worker and uses etc.
Discharging opening at described fermentation tank is connected with sludge pump, filter press and comminutor in turn; Above-mentioned each device all is installed on the same plane or on the frame.
The feces of livestock and poultry excreta of large-scale cultivation field is through the stable biogas that produces of high temperature constant temperature fermentation process; Biogas adopts internal combustion engine formula generator for electricity generation, and system's generating set is stablized the output AC electricity, and the waste heat of generating set is used for the thermal compensation heating flow source of fermentation tank constant temperature method; Tunning liquid behind liquid-solid separation device partly recycles all the other as the fertile output of liquid, and solids is produced the solid particulate fertilizer through comminutor.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1. skid-mounted type combining structure:
The excrement that large-scale cultivation field every day produces is once packed in (or one a group) fermentation tank, and material (cycle) fate that ferments is identical with whole biogas generation systems tank body number in single (group) fermentation tank.Each fermentation tank is the constant temperature high-temperature anaerobic fermentation reactor that batch (-type) is equipped with paddle, whole system is the continuous and stable production line that is made of the parallel connection of a plurality of batch (-type) fermentation tank, the quality and quantity of biogas production and solid organic fertilizer is steady, the generating set output voltage stabilization.
2. stable processing technique and do not establish biogas storage cabinet:
This biogas comprehensive utilization system saves the large-sized biogas storage cabinet of conventional bionethanation system, only establishes the small constant-voltage buffer unit.Because system's biogas generating device is the constant temperature high-temperature anaerobic fermentation, system's aerogenesis quality and quantity are stable, and constant-voltage equipment can satisfy the requirement of TRT biogas pressure.Save large-sized biogas storage cabinet and can not only reduce investment, reduce cost, and the more important thing is increase biogas comprehensive utilization security of system (imflammable gas storage cabinet belongs to hazardous device).
3. generating set UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN:
The scientific idea of two bursts of hot-fluid optimum organizations of the new design of flue gas boiler and different temperatures is the technical support that generating waste-heat utilizes.Generating waste-heat divides two parts, and the one, the cooling water of combustion power generation internal combustion unit produces 55 ℃ of hot water; Another part is 650 ℃~850 ℃ the high-temperature flue gas that combustion power generation internal combustion unit is produced, high-temperature flue gas passes through a high-performance heat exchanger at first with hot charge material water vapor, steam is converted into 90 ℃ of hot water with 55 ℃ generating set cooling water by the direct heat transfer mode again, be used for the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation, efficiently utilize waste heat, guaranteed the operate as normal of this device at north of china in winter.
4. tunning adopts filter press to carry out liquid-solid separation
Be different from the liquid-solid method that at present general bionethanation system uses settling tank; the separation of one step puts in place; the natural pond slag that press filtration separates can directly be produced the solid granulates fertilizer through comminutor; remove the dry workshop section of sedimentation separation and natural pond slag from; save the investment in fixed assets of large-scale settling tank; simplify technology and reduce energy consumption and help energy conservation, also significantly reduced floor space.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall formation schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation that fermentation tank is connected with switching valve among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the plane figure schematic diagram of overall formation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of fermentation tank of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, embodiment device of the present invention comprises premixing tank 1, the preceding sludge pump 2 of fermentation tank, fermentation tank 3, desulfurizer 4, constant voltage buffering gas holder 5, generating set 6, fermentation back sludge pump 7, filter press 8, comminutor 9 and waste heat boiler.Sludge pump 2 is connected between the feed(raw material)inlet 31 of the outlet of premixing tank 1 lower end and fermentation tank 3 before the fermentation, and the premix raw material that is used for mixing is sent in (or one a group) fermentation tank 3 and ferments.Fermentation tank 3 is provided with methane outlet 32, and this methane outlet 32 desulfurizer 4 and constant voltage buffering gas holder 5 that is connected in series successively is connected with the internal combustion engine material inlet of generating set 6, is provided with discharging opening 33 in the bottom of fermentation tank 3.Described fermentation tank 3 is the skid structure, whole system is provided with a plurality of, skid combination in parallel (referring to Fig. 2) is adopted in system's assembling, the feed(raw material)inlet 31 of each this fermentation tank 3 and discharging opening 33, be connected with filter press 8 inlets with the outlet of described premixing tank 1 by conversion valve group 34 respectively, methane outlet 32 is connected with desulfurizer 4.Conversion valve group 34 can adopt central integrated control, and its effect is that fermentation tank group 3 is connected between connected each device.Each above-mentioned device is installed in a horizontal plane (referring to Fig. 3).
Described premixing tank 1 comprises tank body, heater 11 and agitator 12, is provided with spiral heater 11 and dasher 12 in the tank body, and the outer end of this heater 11 is connected with 90 ℃ of hot water outlets of waste heat charge material of described generating set 6.
Be provided with spiral heater 36 in described fermentation tank 3, the outer end of this heater 36 is connected with 90 ℃ of hot water outlets of waste heat charge material of described generating set 6.
Referring to Fig. 4 nucleus equipment of the present invention is the anaerobic high temperature ferment at constant temperature device that fermentation tank 3 constitutes, in establish metal paddle 35, be connected with motor 37 through-drive at tank body 39 tops by rotating shaft 40.Material in 35 pairs of tank bodies of paddle stirs, and guarantees that jar interior fermentation reaction is evenly abundant.Establish coiled heater 36 in the tank body 39, for the fermentation tank constant temperature method provides the thermal compensation heat transfer path.Be provided with leg 38 in the lower end of tank body 39.This fermentation tank 3 tank bodies 39 adopt the glass fibre reinforced plastic integral shaping inner bag of certain thickness sufficient intensity, and peripheral hardware polyurethane foam plastics heat-insulation layer is guaranteed the fermentation tank constant temperature method; Be provided with protective layer in the heat-insulation layer outside.The anticorrosion employing anodic attack technology of the metal assembly of fermentation tank 3 (paddle 35, rotating shaft 40 and heater 36 etc.); The integrated control of temperature-sensitive probe is used in fermentation tank 3 thermostatic controls; The jar internal pressure is designed to 0.003MPa (300mm water column), shows with Pressure gauge; Fermentation tank 3 is provided with anti-riot safety valve, guarantees safety operation in design pressure.This fermentation tank 3 is realized the efficient fermentation of high temperature constant temperature (35~65 ℃), guarantees the feces of livestock and poultry harmless treatment.Native system makes the fixed assets input of system and production running energy consumption minimized the correlation technique optimization coupling of fermentation, generating, three workshop sections of fertilizer.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows:
1. use conveyer belt, plant's sewage and circulation natural pond liquid or thinned water to use sewage pump (or slush pump) to send into premixing tank aqueous solid raw material (ight soil such as poultry or fowl), fully stirring and evenly mixing.In premixing tank, be heated to set point of temperature as one sees fit according to environment temperature.
2. in premixing tank, fully use sewage pump that the material in the premixing tank is sent in the fermentation tank behind the stirring and evenly mixing.Temperature is controlled at fermentation and produces under the optimum temperature of natural pond, and the slow constant speed of constant temperature stirs, and monitor fermentation produces the natural pond index in real time, according to producing natural pond index decision fermentation period.The sky, end in single batch fermentation cycle gives next workshop section with 70% discharge of fermentate in the jar, simultaneously, replenishes new material to fermentation tank from premixing tank and produces capacity.
3. the biogas of fermentation tank generation is deviate from sulfur-containing compound via desulfurizer.Desulfurization workshop section adopts commercially available typing desulfurizer, and the biogas desulfurization index reaches the combustion gas standard of generating set.
4. biogas enters small constant-voltage buffering gas holder via desulfurizer, and the purpose that small constant-voltage buffering gas holder is set is to satisfy the required combustion gas of generating set and has enough pressure, guarantees the internal combustion engine steady operation of generating set.Biogas enters generating set via the constant voltage gas holder, and biogas is at the combustion in IC engine generating of generating set, regulated output voltage 380V alternating current.The alternating current that generating set produces partly is used for system dynamic needs electricity, and remainder is incorporated national grid into.Generating waste-heat divides two parts, and the one, the cooling water of combustion power generation internal combustion unit produces 55 ℃ of hot water, is directly used in the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation; Another part is 650 ℃~850 ℃ the high-temperature flue gas that combustion power generation internal combustion unit is produced, and high-temperature flue gas is that hot charge material is converted into hot-fluid (90 ℃ of hot water) with fume waste heat by a high-performance heat exchanger (being commonly referred to waste heat boiler) with water.Two strands of hot-fluids are the thermal compensation heated stream that waste heat that generating set produces is used for premixing tank heating and fermentation tank constant temperature method, all the other outputs can be used for the relevant living area of bionethanation system (as the worker have a bath usefulness, winter warm oneself use etc.).
5. after material was finished a fermentation period in each single fermentation tank, the fermentate of discharging from fermentation tank was transported to filter press through slush pump, is separated into natural pond slag, natural pond liquid through press filtration.Filter press workshop section uses for reference the experience of the liquid-solid separation of Chemical Manufacture, adopts commercially available typing filter press product.
6. the liquid-solid certainty ratio in natural pond of press filtration separation is pumped into dilution raw material, the canned production liquid fertilizer of remainder or the interpolation plant growth regulator production biological pesticide of conduct adjusting dry substance concentration in the premixing tank with light water.
7. the natural pond slag that separates through press filtration enters organic fertilizer production workshop section, and this natural pond slag does not need special the processing directly to produce the granular solids organic fertilizer with the comminutor granulation, or adopts any special measures to make compound organic and inorganic fertilizer (granular) simultaneously in granulation.
Earlier with hot charge material water vapor, steam is mixed into 90 ℃ of hot water with 55 ℃ generating set cooling water by the direct heat transfer mode to waste heat boiler again, is used for the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation, efficiently utilizes waste heat by high-performance heat exchanger.

Claims (9)

1. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization system, comprise premixing tank, sludge pump, installation for fermenting, generating set and solid organic fertilizer process units, described installation for fermenting is characterized in that: installation for fermenting is that the skid parallel connection of a plurality of fermentation tanks combines, and each fermentation tank is provided with feed(raw material)inlet, methane outlet and fermentation discharging opening; The outlet of premixing tank is connected with the feed(raw material)inlet of installation for fermenting by sludge pump; The methane outlet of installation for fermenting and bottom discharging opening are connected with the organic fertilizer production device with generating set by conversion equipment respectively; The methane outlet of installation for fermenting is connected to the automotive fuel inlet of generating set through the constant voltage surge tank; The bottom discharging opening of installation for fermenting directly is connected with the filter press inlet of organic fertilizer production device, the generating waste-heat of described generating set produces combustion power generation internal combustion unit by the direct heat transfer mode middle setting-out steam that 55 ℃ cooling water and waste heat boiler produce directly to be mixed and produces 90 ℃ of hot water, is used for the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation; Described waste heat boiler is with generating 650 ℃~850 ℃ high-temperature flue gas that combustion in IC engine produced, by a pipe shell type highly effective heat exchanger in the indirect heat transfer mode with hot charge material water vapor, medium pressure steam that water vapor produces directly mixes with 55 ℃ generating set cooling water and produces 90 ℃ of hot water, be mainly used in the hot charge material of ferment at constant temperature jar as thermal compensation, surplus output is used for the relevant living area of bionethanation system the have a bath usefulness, heating in winter of worker of holding office and uses.
2. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 system is characterized in that: be in series with desulfurizer between described fermentation tank and constant voltage surge tank.
3. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: be provided with spiral heater in described fermentation tank, the outer end of this heater is connected with the cooling water output of described generating set or the hot loading stream discharge end outlet of gas fired-boiler.
4. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 3 system, it is characterized in that: described fermentation tank comprises tank body and agitating device, described agitating device comprises power set, rotating shaft and metal paddle, and power set are installed in the tank body top and are connected with metal paddle in the tank body by rotating shaft.
5. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 4 system is characterized in that: the tank body of described fermentation tank is made of inner bag, middle heat-insulation layer and the protective layer in the outside.
6. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 5 system is characterized in that: described inner bag adopts fiberglass to make, and heat-insulation layer adopts polyurethane foam plastics to make, and protective layer adopts fiberglass or metal to make.
7. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 5 system is characterized in that: described spiral heater adopts the stainless steel inner coil pipe; The aseptic technic of the metal assembly of fermentation tank adopts the anodic attack method; The integrated control of temperature-sensitive probe is used in the fermentation tank thermostatic control; Jar internal pressure design 0.003MPa is provided with Pressure gauge and shows pressure; Fermentation tank is provided with anti-riot safety valve, to guarantee fermentation tank safety operation in design pressure.
8. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: described premixing tank comprises tank body and is installed in the interior agitator of this tank body, in this tank body, be provided with the stainless steel disc pipe heater, this agitator adopts dasher, and the outer end of this heater is connected with the cooling water output of described generating set or the hot loading stream discharge end outlet of gas fired-boiler.
9. skid combined high temperature constant temperature biogas comprehensive utilization according to claim 1 system, it is characterized in that: the discharging opening at described fermentation tank is connected with sludge pump, filter press and comminutor in turn; Above-mentioned each device all is installed on the same plane or on the frame.
CN2006100649493A 2006-03-20 2006-03-20 Skid-mounted combined high temperature constant temperature methane comprehensive utilization system Expired - Fee Related CN1868934B (en)

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