CN108562515B - Multi-factor test system for crack rock mass grouting slurry diffusion - Google Patents
Multi-factor test system for crack rock mass grouting slurry diffusion Download PDFInfo
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- CN108562515B CN108562515B CN201810285598.1A CN201810285598A CN108562515B CN 108562515 B CN108562515 B CN 108562515B CN 201810285598 A CN201810285598 A CN 201810285598A CN 108562515 B CN108562515 B CN 108562515B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 abstract 2
- 208000006670 Multiple fractures Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000252254 Catostomidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/02—Investigating surface tension of liquids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N2013/003—Diffusion; diffusivity between liquids
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-factor test system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass, which comprises a plurality of subsystems: the system comprises a fixing system, a fracture simulating system, a parameter adjusting system, a monitoring system, a control system and a grouting system. During the test, the simulated fracture system is arranged through the fixing system, the parameter adjusting system and the monitoring system are arranged, the control system is connected, and the grouting system is connected after the systems are debugged. The simulation cracks are made of PVC transparent plates, and the adjustment of the rock-like body crack spreading width, roughness, crack inclination angle, crack height and water content can be realized by utilizing the parameter adjusting system, so that the slurry diffusion rule under multiple factors is analyzed. And each group coordinates operation, so that experimental study on the influence of multiple fracture parameters on slurry diffusion is realized. The invention creatively improves the grouting slurry diffusion test system, fully considers the accuracy, the comprehensiveness, the operability and the low cost of the test, and has great significance for researching grouting theory, grouting engineering and grouting technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laboratory test system for grouting engineering, in particular to a multi-factor test system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass.
Background
Grouting is used as an engineering technology with strong practicability, is widely applied to seepage prevention and water shutoff engineering such as mining engineering, tunnel engineering and the like, and has mature technical means. However, the current problems in engineering practice cannot be well explained by theory, that is, the current theoretical research of grouting cannot be adapted to the application of engineering technology. Therefore, the grouting theory needs to be deeply analyzed and expanded, but complexity of geological environment of a rock-soil body and concealment of grouting engineering bring great difficulty to study of problems such as grouting diffusion, grouting reinforcement and the like, and an indoor model test becomes an important way for study of the grouting theory and can provide powerful support for numerical study of further fracture networks.
For an indoor grouting model test, different types of rock mass grouting theoretical researches can be carried out, and the basis for the fracture network research in the stratum is the mastery of a single fracture slurry diffusion mode. For a fractured rock mass, firstly, a grouting model of the fractured rock mass is different from a soil mass, and the diffusion mode of slurry in the fracture is not well determined at present, especially for the situation that three-dimensional and multi-class factors exist simultaneously.
The rock mass fracture is extremely complex in stratum, and single fracture parameters comprise width, length, spreading width, roughness, inclination angle, water content and the like, so that the problem to be solved is to ensure the accuracy of the test while the test research of multiple factors is realized in one test system. Especially, the operability of the current test device is very complicated, and the requirements of the test cannot be well met, so that a system capable of realizing the multi-factor test is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-factor test system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass, which can realize multi-factor slurry diffusion test analysis in grouting of fractured rock mass, reduce test operation steps, reduce the use of manpower and material resources, shorten test time and improve test effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for achieving the purpose is that the multi-factor test system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass comprises a plurality of subsystems: the system comprises a fixing system, a fracture simulating system, a parameter adjusting system, a monitoring system, a control system and a grouting system, wherein each subsystem comprises a plurality of units:
the fixing system comprises two units of a combined bin and a base, wherein the two units comprise respective combined parts: the combined bin consists of an outer wall, a supporting plate and a supporting beam, and the base consists of a supporting column, a large-diameter sucker, a chassis, a fixing bolt, a hydraulic column and a stabilizing seat;
the simulated fracture system comprises two units of a fracture wall and a guide hole, wherein the two units comprise respective assemblies: the crack wall consists of two spreading side walls, an upper wall and a lower wall, and the guide hole consists of a water guide hole and a slurry guide hole;
the parameter adjusting system comprises four units for adjusting crack boundaries, environmental parameters, inner wall conditions and inclination angles, wherein the four units comprise respective assemblies: the adjusting crack boundary consists of an upper adjusting column, an upper fastening sleeve, a sucker, a side adjusting column and a side fastening sleeve, the adjusting environmental parameter consists of a water blocking sleeve, a water guide pipe, a water injection pump and a water injection pipe, and the adjusting inclination angle consists of a fixed hinged support, a rolling shaft, a hydraulic column and a liquid injection pipe; the condition of the inner wall is regulated mainly by roughening the inner side of the upper wall of the crack;
the monitoring system comprises two units of image acquisition and stress monitoring, wherein the two units comprise respective assemblies: the image acquisition consists of a high-speed camera and a PC end, and the stress monitoring consists of a stress sensor and the PC end;
the grouting system consists of a grouting pump and a grouting pipe;
the control system consists of a control console, a PC end and a pressure and flow monitor.
The stabilizing seat is arranged in a laboratory, two fixing bolts are longitudinally arranged at the left end parts of the front and the rear of the stabilizing seat, the longitudinal rows of the four fixing bolts are parallel, and the distance between every two fixing bolts is 1/4 of the length of the outer wall; the two hydraulic columns are fixed on the stabilizing seat and are respectively positioned on the central lines of the two fixed bolts arranged at the front end and the rear end of the stabilizing seat, and the left-right vertical distance between the hydraulic columns and the fixed bolts is greater than 1/2 and less than 3/4 of the chassis length.
The width of the chassis is the same as the distance between the two fixing bolts, the chassis is provided with a front fixing bolt and a rear fixing bolt at the same time, a space is reserved between the front fixing bolt and the rear fixing bolt, the tops of the two fixing bolts at the front end and the rear end are respectively hinged with the end parts of the chassis, and the space between the chassis is convenient for arranging other components; the middle part of each chassis is hinged with the top of a hydraulic column, the hydraulic column is lifted by an external console through a liquid injection pipe, and the inclination angle can be adjusted by matching with a fixed bolt.
The four support columns are arranged, two support columns are arranged on the front chassis and the rear chassis, and the crack spread width of the support columns on each chassis, which is 1/2 of the interval, is fixed on the transverse long central line of the chassis by taking the longitudinal short central line of the chassis as the axis; the top end of each support column is provided with a large-diameter sucker, the lower wall of the crack is arranged on the large-diameter sucker, and the lower wall is fixed after the sucker is evacuated; the grouting pipe is arranged in the middle of the lower wall of the crack and is connected with the external grouting pump to realize grouting.
The outer wall set up about two, every outer wall divide into three sections altogether, and every lower festival realizes fixed connection with the left and right sides both ends of chassis, and well festival, upper segment are realized fastening with lower festival respectively and are met.
Two side fastening sleeves are arranged in the middle sections of the two outer walls, the height of each side fastening sleeve is the height of the side wall of the crack, and the side adjusting column penetrates through the fastening sleeves to control the side wall by utilizing the small-diameter sucker at the end part; the left and right sets of side fastening sleeves, the side adjusting columns and the small-diameter sucking discs are in front-to-back symmetry with the vertical central line of the crack side wall as an axis at intervals of 1/2 of the side wall length; four side fastening sleeves, side adjusting columns and small-diameter suckers.
The two support plates are front and back, are fixed in the middle parts of the middle sections of the left and right outer walls of the combined bin, are provided with three upper fastening sleeves, and the upper adjusting column penetrates through the fastening sleeves to control the upper walls of the cracks by using the suckers at the end parts; the front, back and height positions of the supporting plate are required to ensure that the suckers are arranged at the crack boundaries and the height of the adjustable upper wall is ensured.
The water guide pipes are uniformly arranged along the rear end parts of the distributed cracks, 6-10 water guide pipes can be arranged, and the water guide pipes extend to the external water injection pump along the support plate at the rear end, so that the arrangement of the water containing condition in the cracks is realized.
The supporting beams are arranged in the middle of the top ends of the side walls, and the camera is arranged between the two supporting beams by means of rolling wheels, so that the implementation monitoring and the monitoring of the slurry diffusion are realized.
The side walls, the upper wall and the lower wall of the crack, and the side walls, the upper wall and the lower wall of the crack are in different staggered relations according to different research points and research requirements, and the end parts of the crack walls are sealed.
The subsystems formed by the components realize cooperative operation, and multiple factors can be changed at the same time, so that slurry diffusion under multiple factors is analyzed.
The technical effect that above-mentioned technical scheme directly brought is, simple structure, convenient to use, and the system is adjusted in a flexible way, utilizes above-mentioned technical scheme to realize experimental verification to multifactor influence thick liquid diffusion, and labour saving and time saving.
In the technical scheme, in the conventional arrangement, the upper and lower walls and the spreading side walls of the fissure in the simulated fissure system are distributed in a staggered manner: the spreading side walls are positioned on the inner sides of the end parts of the upper wall and the lower wall, and the aim is to better adjust the width of the spreading; when the influence of the crack width is analyzed under special conditions, the upper wall, the lower wall and the spreading side wall of the crack are distributed in a staggered way: the upper and lower walls are located inside the ends of the two cloth spreading side walls, and the purpose of the upper and lower walls is to better adjust the gap width.
In the technical scheme, the environmental parameter is adjusted by adjusting the water content in the cracks, and the water injection pump can provide still water conditions and moving water conditions.
Preferably, the outer side of the chassis in the base is provided with a roller and a fixed hinge support;
the effect that above-mentioned technical scheme brought is, utilizes roller bearing and fixed hinge support and hydraulic column, and the fixed knot of cooperation chassis one end constructs, can adjust combination storehouse and its inside major structure inclination as required.
Preferably, the outer wall of the combined bin is divided into three sections for connection and assembly, and the sections are fixed by using a connecting lock catch during assembly;
the technical scheme has the advantages that the combined bin and the internal test structure thereof can be conveniently checked, installed and disassembled, and test errors are reduced.
Preferably, the crack boundary constitute by the transparent plate of PVC board material, its thickness sets up according to the test requirement, and roughening treatment is all done to the inner wall, and spread lateral wall, upper wall rely on the adjusting column to realize quantitative removal, can satisfy the test requirement.
Further preferably, the top and bottom of each of the spreading side walls, the upper and lower walls are provided with a corrugated thin rubber sealing layer, which aims to increase the grouting sealing effect of each test and prevent leakage.
Further preferably, the adjusting column is carved with scales, the accurate value of the scale is 0.5mm, and the accurate adjustment of the spreading width or the gap width can be realized.
Preferably, the shooting range of the high-speed camera can reach the longest boundary of the crack, so that the slurry diffusion positioning requirement is met.
Preferably, the two end parts of the two ends of the combined bin are provided with two empty middle parts, and each chassis is fixed by controlling the tail ends of the two fixing bolts;
the technical scheme has the advantages that space is provided for arrangement of grouting pipes, meanwhile, consumption of materials can be reduced, and the aim of reducing test cost is achieved.
Preferably, the extending end of the crack is provided with a water blocking sleeve and a slurry stopping sleeve, the water blocking sleeve is completely sealed and arranged near the water guide hole end by adopting a sealing material, the slurry stopping sleeve is not completely sealed and arranged at the lower part of the other extending end, and only the slurry leaked by migration is received;
the technical scheme has the effect of preventing the problems of liquid leakage, waste, environmental damage and the like in the extending direction of the cracks under the condition of not influencing the slurry diffusion mode.
The experimental method of the multi-factor experimental system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass can be described simply as follows:
firstly, starting a grouting pump, connecting a grouting pipe to a grouting hole through a grouting pipe, and pouring slurry into a crack;
and then, according to the test requirements, utilizing a parameter adjusting system to adjust various parameters: the angle of the system can be adjusted by utilizing a hydraulic column and a control console when the angle influence is analyzed, the spreading width of the crack is accurately changed by utilizing a side adjusting column when the influence of spreading width is analyzed, and the water content condition of the inner wall of the crack is adjusted by adjusting a water injection pump and a water guide pipe when the influence of water saturation is analyzed;
for the analysis of the influence of the crack width, firstly, the staggered relation between the spreading side walls and the upper and lower walls should be changed, then the width of the crack is changed by using an upper adjusting column, and the steps of installing the crack and grouting are repeated;
meanwhile, in the slurry pouring test process, a high-speed camera and a stress sensor are turned on to capture the diffusion line and stress change condition of the slurry, and a PC end is utilized to record test results;
and finally, after the test is finished, closing the monitoring system, the grouting system and the control system, removing the external connecting piece of the combined bin, and sequentially removing the upper, middle and lower sections of the outer wall, the connecting piece and the bin inner assembly thereof, and cleaning equipment.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, flexible system adjustment, simple and convenient operation, high efficiency, strong comprehensiveness, time and labor saving, relatively low test cost and the like, and can simultaneously change a plurality of factors to analyze slurry diffusion under multiple factors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-factor experimental system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a main test structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a main test structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a simulated fracture system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the chassis and hydraulic column of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the side wall and the adjusting column of the present invention.
In the figure: 1PC end; 2 side fastening sleeve; 3 side adjustment column; 4 side walls; 5 lower walls of the cracks; 6, the upper wall of the crack; 7, supporting a plate; 8 supporting beams; 9, a camera; 10, an adjusting column; 11, a fastening sleeve is arranged on the upper part; 12 small diameter suction cups; 13 outer wall; 14, connecting a lock catch; 15, a stabilizing seat; 16 hydraulic columns; 17 a slurry guide pipe; 18 support columns; 19 large diameter suction cup; 20 chassis; 21 a fixing bolt; 22 sensors; 23 grouting pipes; 24 liquid injection pipes; 25 grouting pumps; a console 26, a crimped rubber layer 27; 28, fixing a hinged support; 29 rollers; 30 water guide pipes; 31 a water injection pipe; 32 water injection pumps; 33, water blocking; 34, a slurry stopping sleeve.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the fractured rock mass grouting slurry diffusion multifactor test system of the invention is characterized in that the test system comprises a plurality of subsystems: the system comprises a fixing system, a fracture simulating system, a parameter adjusting system, a monitoring system, a control system and a grouting system, wherein each subsystem comprises a plurality of units:
the fixing system comprises two units of a combined bin and a base, wherein the two units comprise respective combined parts: the combined bin consists of an outer wall 13, a supporting plate 7 and a supporting beam 8, and the base consists of a supporting column 18, a large-diameter sucker 19, a chassis 20, a fixing bolt 21, a hydraulic column 16 and a stabilizing seat 15;
the simulated fracture system comprises two units of a fracture wall and a guide hole, wherein the two units comprise respective assemblies: the crack wall consists of two spreading side walls 4, an upper wall 6 and a lower wall 5, and the guide hole consists of a water guide hole and a slurry guide hole;
the parameter adjusting system comprises four units for adjusting crack boundaries, environmental parameters, inner wall conditions and inclination angles, wherein the four units comprise respective assemblies: the adjusting crack boundary consists of an upper adjusting column 10, an upper fastening sleeve 11, a small-diameter sucker 12, a side adjusting column 3 and a side fastening sleeve 2, the adjusting environmental parameters consist of a water shutoff sleeve 33, a water guide pipe 30, a water injection pump 32 and a water injection pipe 31, and the adjusting inclination angle consists of a fixed hinge support 28, a rolling shaft 29, a hydraulic column 16 and a liquid injection pipe 24; the conditions for adjusting the inner wall are mainly dependent on roughening the inner side of the crack upper wall 6;
the monitoring system comprises two units of image acquisition and stress monitoring, wherein the two units comprise respective assemblies: the image acquisition consists of a high-speed camera 9 and a PC end 1, and the stress monitoring consists of a stress sensor 22 and the PC end 1;
the grouting system consists of a grouting pump 25, a grouting pipe 23 and a grouting guide pipe 17;
the control system consists of a control console 26, a PC end 1 and a pressure and flow monitor.
The stabilizing seat 15 is arranged in a laboratory, two fixing bolts 21 are longitudinally arranged at the left end parts of the front and rear of the stabilizing seat 15, the longitudinal rows of the four fixing bolts 21 are parallel, and the distance between every two fixing bolts 21 is 1/4 of the length of the outer wall 13; the two hydraulic columns 16 are fixed on the stabilizing seat 15 and are respectively positioned on the central lines of the two fixed bolts 21 arranged at the front end and the rear end of the stabilizing seat 15, and the left-right vertical distance between the hydraulic columns 16 and the fixed bolts 21 is more than 1/2 and less than 3/4 of the length of the chassis 20.
The width of the chassis 20 is the same as the distance between the two fixing bolts 21, the chassis 20 is provided with a front fixing bolt and a rear fixing bolt, a space is reserved between the front fixing bolt and the rear fixing bolt, the tops of the two fixing bolts 21 at the front end and the rear end are respectively hinged with the end parts of the chassis 20, and the space between the chassis 20 is convenient for arranging other components; the middle part of each chassis 20 is hinged with the top of the hydraulic column 16, the hydraulic column 16 is lifted by an external console 26 through a liquid injection pipe 24, and the inclination angle can be adjusted by matching with a fixed bolt 21.
The number of the support columns 18 is four, two support columns 18 are arranged on the front chassis and the rear chassis, and the support columns 18 on each chassis 20 are fixed on the transverse long central line of the chassis by taking the longitudinal short central line of the chassis 20 as an axis at intervals of 1/2 of the crack spread width; the top end of each support column 18 is provided with a large-diameter sucker, the slit lower wall 5 is arranged on the large-diameter sucker 19, and the lower wall 5 is fixed after the sucker is evacuated; the grouting pipe 17 is arranged at the middle position of the lower wall 5 of the crack, and is connected with the grouting pipe 23 to the external grouting pump 31 to realize grouting.
The outer walls 13 are arranged in a left-right mode, each outer wall 13 is divided into three sections altogether, each lower section is fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the chassis 20, and the middle section and the upper section are respectively fastened and connected with the lower section by using the connecting lock catch 14.
Two side fastening sleeves 2 are arranged in the middle sections of the two outer walls 13, the height of each side fastening sleeve is the height of the side wall 4 of the crack, and the side adjusting column 3 penetrates through the fastening sleeves 2 to control the side wall 4 by utilizing small-diameter suction discs at the end parts; the left and right sets of side fastening sleeves, the side adjusting columns and the small-diameter sucking discs are in front-to-back symmetry with the vertical central line of the crack side wall as an axis at intervals of 1/2 of the side wall length; four side fastening sleeves, side adjusting columns and small-diameter suckers.
The number of the supporting plates 7 is two, namely a front supporting plate and a rear supporting plate, the middle parts of the middle sections of the left outer wall 13 and the right outer wall 13 of the combined bin are fixed, three upper fastening sleeves 11 are arranged on each supporting plate 7, and the upper adjusting column 10 penetrates through the fastening sleeves and controls the upper wall 6 of the crack by using sucking discs 12 at the end parts; the front-back and height positions of the supporting plates 7 ensure that the suckers are arranged at the crack boundaries and the height of the adjustable upper wall is ensured.
The water guide pipes 30 are uniformly arranged along the rear end parts of the distributed cracks, 6-10 water guide pipes can be arranged, the water guide pipes 30 extend to the external water injection pump 32 along the support plate 7 at the rear end, and the arrangement of the water containing conditions in the cracks is realized.
The supporting beams 8 are arranged in the middle of the top ends of the side walls 13, and the camera 9 is arranged between the two supporting beams 8 by means of rolling wheels, so that the monitoring and the monitoring of the slurry diffusion are realized.
The side walls, the upper wall and the lower wall of the crack, and the side walls, the upper wall and the lower wall of the crack are in different staggered relations according to different research points and research requirements, and the end parts of the crack walls are sealed.
The subsystems formed by the components realize cooperative operation, and multiple factors can be changed at the same time, so that slurry diffusion under multiple factors is analyzed.
In the test system, in the conventional arrangement, the upper and lower walls 5 and 6 of the fissure in the simulated fissure system and the spreading side wall 4 are distributed in a staggered manner: the spreading side wall 4 is positioned on the inner side of the end parts of the upper wall 5 and the lower wall 6; and when the influence of the crack width is analyzed under special conditions, the upper and lower walls 5 and 6 of the crack and the spreading side walls 4 are distributed in a staggered way: the upper and lower walls 5, 6 are located inside the ends of the two cloth sidewalls 4.
The above-mentioned environmental parameter adjustment is to adjust the water content in the crack, and the water injection pump 32 can provide still water condition and moving water condition.
The outer side of the chassis 20 in the base is connected with a roller 29 by a fixed hinge support 28.
The outer wall 13 is divided into three sections for connection and assembly, and the sections are fixed by the connecting lock catches 14 during assembly.
The crack boundary is formed by a transparent plate made of PVC plate material, the thickness of the crack boundary is set according to the test requirement, the inner walls are roughened, and the spreading side walls 4 and the upper wall 6 realize quantitative movement by means of the adjusting columns 3 and 10.
The top and bottom of each plate of the spreading side walls 4, the upper and lower walls 5, 6 are provided with a thin rubber seal layer 27 in the form of a fold, so as to prevent slurry leakage.
The scale marks are carved on the adjusting columns 3 and 10, the accurate value of the scale marks is 0.5mm, and the accurate adjustment of the spreading width or the width can be realized.
The shooting range of the high-speed camera 9 can reach the longest boundary of the crack, and the requirement of slurry diffusion positioning is met.
The two end parts of the two ends of the combined bin are provided with two base plates 20, the middle part of each base plate is hollow, and the tail ends of each base plate are fixed by two fixing bolts 21.
The extending ends of the cracks are respectively provided with a water blocking sleeve 33 and a slurry blocking sleeve 34, the water blocking sleeve is completely sealed and arranged near the water guide hole end by adopting sealing materials, and the slurry blocking sleeve is not completely sealed and arranged at the lower part of the other extending end and only bears the slurry leaked by migration.
The test method of the fractured rock mass grouting slurry diffusion multi-factor test system comprises the following steps:
firstly, starting a grouting pump 25, connecting a grouting pipe 17 to a grouting hole through a grouting pipe 24, and pouring slurry into the crack;
and then, according to the test requirements, utilizing a parameter adjusting system to adjust various parameters: the angle of the system can be adjusted by utilizing the hydraulic column 16 and the control console 26 when the angle influence is analyzed, the spreading width of the crack is accurately changed by utilizing the side adjusting column 3 when the influence of the spreading width is analyzed, and the water content condition of the inner wall of the crack is adjusted by adjusting the water injection pump 32 and the water guide pipe 30 when the influence of the water saturation is analyzed;
for the analysis of the influence of the crack width, firstly, the staggered relation between the spreading side wall 4 and the upper and lower walls 5 and 6 should be changed, then the width of the crack is changed by using the upper adjusting column 10, and the steps of crack installation and grouting are repeated;
meanwhile, in the slurry pouring test process, a high-speed camera 9 and a stress sensor 22 are turned on to capture the diffusion line and stress change condition of the slurry, and a PC end 1 is utilized to record test results;
and finally, after the test is finished, closing the monitoring system, the grouting system and the control system, removing the external connecting piece of the combined bin, and sequentially removing the upper, middle and lower sections of the outer wall 13, the connecting piece and the bin inner assembly thereof, and cleaning equipment.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-factor testing system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass is characterized in that the testing system comprises the following subsystems: the system comprises a fixing system, a fracture simulating system, a parameter adjusting system, a monitoring system, a control system and a grouting system;
the fixing system comprises a combined bin and a base, wherein the combined bin consists of an outer wall, a supporting plate and a supporting beam, and the base consists of a supporting column, a large-diameter sucker, a chassis, a fixing bolt, a hydraulic column and a stabilizing seat;
the simulated fracture system comprises a fracture wall and a guide hole, wherein the fracture wall consists of two side walls, an upper wall and a lower wall, and the guide hole consists of a water guide hole and a slurry guide hole;
the parameter adjusting system comprises a crack boundary adjusting unit, an environment parameter adjusting unit, an inner wall condition adjusting unit and an inclination angle adjusting unit, wherein the crack boundary adjusting unit consists of an upper adjusting column, an upper fastening sleeve, a sucker, a side adjusting column and a side fastening sleeve, the environment parameter adjusting unit consists of a water blocking sleeve, a water guide pipe, a water injection pump and a water injection pipe, and the inclination angle adjusting unit consists of a fixed hinged support, a rolling shaft, a hydraulic column and a liquid injection pipe;
the monitoring system comprises an image acquisition unit and a stress monitoring unit, wherein: the image acquisition unit consists of a high-speed camera and a PC end, and the stress monitoring unit consists of a stress sensor and the PC end;
the grouting system consists of a grouting pump and a grouting pipe;
the control system consists of a control console, a PC end and a pressure and flow monitor;
the stabilizing seat is arranged in a laboratory, two fixing bolts are longitudinally arranged at the left end parts of the front and the rear of the stabilizing seat, the longitudinal rows of the four fixing bolts are parallel, and the distance between every two fixing bolts is 1/4 of the length of the outer wall; the two hydraulic columns are fixed on the stabilizing seat and are respectively positioned on the central lines of the two fixed bolts arranged at the front end and the rear end of the stabilizing seat, and the left-right vertical distance between the hydraulic columns and the fixed bolts is greater than 1/2 and less than 3/4 of the chassis length; the width of the chassis is the same as the distance between the two fixing bolts, the chassis is arranged into a front chassis and a rear chassis, a space is reserved between the two chassis, the tops of the two fixing bolts at the front end and the rear end are respectively hinged with the end parts of the chassis, and the space between the chassis is convenient for arranging other components; the middle part of each chassis is hinged with the top of a hydraulic column, the hydraulic column is lifted by an external console through a liquid injection pipe, and the inclination angle is adjusted by matching with a fixed bolt;
the four support columns are arranged, two support columns are arranged on the front chassis and the rear chassis, and the crack spread width of the support columns on each chassis, which is 1/2 of the interval, is fixed on the transverse long central line of the chassis by taking the longitudinal short central line of the chassis as the axis; the top end of each support column is provided with a large-diameter sucker, the lower wall of the crack is arranged on the large-diameter sucker, and the sucker is evacuated and then the lower wall is fixed; the grouting pipe is arranged in the middle of the lower wall of the crack, and is connected with the external grouting pump to realize grouting;
the outer walls are provided with a left outer wall and a right outer wall, each outer wall is divided into three sections, each lower section is fixedly connected with the left end and the right end of the chassis, and the middle section and the upper section are fastened with the lower section by connecting lock catches respectively, so that the assembly is convenient;
two side fastening sleeves are arranged in the middle sections of the two outer walls, the height of each side fastening sleeve is the height of the side wall of the crack, and the side adjusting column penetrates through the side fastening sleeves to control the side wall by utilizing the small-diameter sucker at the end part; the left and right sets of side fastening sleeves, the side adjusting columns and the small-diameter sucking discs are in front-to-back symmetry with the vertical central line of the crack side wall as an axis at intervals of 1/2 of the side wall length; the width of the crack is adjusted;
the two support plates are front and rear, are fixed in the middle parts of the middle sections of the left and right outer walls of the combined bin, are provided with upper fastening sleeves, and the upper adjusting column passes through the fastening sleeves to control the upper walls of the cracks by using sucking discs at the end parts; the adjustment of the fracture height is realized;
the water guide pipes are uniformly arranged along the rear end parts of the distributed cracks, 6-10 water guide pipes are arranged, and the water guide pipes extend to the external water injection pump along the support plate at the rear end; the arrangement of the water-containing condition in the fracture is realized;
the supporting beams are arranged in the middle of the top ends of the side walls, and the camera is arranged between the two supporting beams by means of rolling wheels; realizing the implementation monitoring and the shooting of the slurry diffusion.
2. The multi-factor testing system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass according to claim 1, wherein the fracture wall is made of transparent plates made of PVC plates, the thickness of the fracture wall is set according to the testing requirement, and the inner walls are roughened.
3. A fractured rock mass grouting slurry diffusion multifactor test system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the top and bottom of each of the spreading side walls, the upper and lower walls are provided with corrugated thin rubber sealing layers, so as to increase the sealing effect during the test.
4. The multi-factor experimental system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adjusting column is carved with scales, the accurate value of which is 0.5mm, so that the accurate adjustment of the spreading width or the fracture height is realized.
5. The multi-factor testing system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass according to claim 3, wherein the adjusting column is carved with scales, the accurate value of the scales is 0.5mm, and the accurate adjustment of the spreading width or the fracture height is achieved.
6. A fractured rock mass grouting slurry diffusion multifactor test system according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the front and rear and height positions of the support plate are arranged to ensure that the suction disc is positioned at the fracture boundary, so that the height of the upper wall is adjusted.
7. A fractured rock mass grouting slurry diffusion multifactor test system according to claim 3, wherein the front and rear and height positions of the supporting plate are arranged to ensure that the sucking disc is positioned at the fracture boundary, so that the height of the upper wall is adjusted.
8. The multi-factor testing system for grouting slurry diffusion of fractured rock mass according to claim 4, wherein the front and rear and height positions of the supporting plate are arranged to ensure that the sucking disc is positioned at the fracture boundary, so that the height of the upper wall is adjusted.
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