CN108559050A - 一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108559050A
CN108559050A CN201810450658.0A CN201810450658A CN108559050A CN 108559050 A CN108559050 A CN 108559050A CN 201810450658 A CN201810450658 A CN 201810450658A CN 108559050 A CN108559050 A CN 108559050A
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conductive thermoplastic
carbon nanotube
walled carbon
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战振生
宋红玮
陈洋
张生
王仁鸿
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Miracll Chemicals Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于化工材料制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法,所述热塑性聚氨酯弹性体由以下重量份原料制成:30‑80份大分子二元醇、3‑15份小分子二元醇、15‑55份二异氰酸酯、0.01‑2份单壁碳纳米管;本发明制备方法简单,得到的聚氨酯弹性体具有优异的抗静电与导电性。

Description

一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于化工材料制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体及其制备方法。
背景技术
热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)是一类加热可以塑化,化学结构上没有或很少有化学交联的聚氨酯,在宽广的硬度范围内具有高强度、高模量、优良的耐磨性和良好的耐油性。但TPU自身的表面电阻一般较高,在一些对TPU的抗静电性能及导电性能要求较高的场合其自身的电性能很难满足要求,此时就需要对TPU进行改性,但往往改性后的TPU只能满足抗静电的性能,很难使其表面电阻做到103至105欧姆,因此需要一种新的配方及工艺来满足某些场合对TPU导电性能的要求。通过单壁碳纳米管(全部由碳原子组成,几何结构可以视由单层石墨烯卷曲而成)对TPU进行抗静电/导电改性,与传统导电炭黑改性相比,所用单壁碳纳米管的用量少,分散均匀,工艺相对简单且对最终产品的性能影响少甚至可以满足染色的要求。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述技术问题提供一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其制备方法简单,得到的聚氨酯弹性体具有优异的抗静电与导电性。
本发明解决上述技术问题的技术方案如下:一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,由以下重量份原料制成:30-80份大分子二元醇、3-15份小分子二元醇、15-55份二异氰酸酯、0.01-2份单壁碳纳米管。
进一步,所述单壁碳纳米管的长径比不小于50。
进一步,所述单壁碳纳米管的长径比不小于80。
进一步,所述大分子二元醇为聚酯二元醇、聚醚二元醇、聚己内酯二元醇、聚碳酸酯二元醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步,所述小分子二元醇为乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、新戊二醇、一缩二丙二醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
进一步,所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种的混合物。
本发明提供一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A、以重量份计,将单壁碳纳米管加入到小分子二元醇中混匀,得到单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管母液中加入大分子二元醇、二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、将步骤B中得到的混合物加入双螺杆挤出机中,经过挤出、造粒与干燥,即得本产品。
进一步,在步骤A中,所述单壁碳纳米管母液中单壁碳纳米管的质量分数为0.1-9%。
进一步,在步骤C中,所述双螺杆挤出机的温度控制在120-250℃。
进一步,在步骤C中,所述干燥温度控制在40-80℃,干燥时间控制在30-120min。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明制备的聚氨酯弹性体,其硬度为55ShoreA-85ShoreD,拉伸强度为8MPa-95MPa,表面电阻为103至1011欧姆,具有优异的抗静电与导电性。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的原理和特征进行描述,所举实例只用于解释本发明,并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例1
A、将0.04kg单壁碳纳米管加入到10kg1,4-丁二醇中,在110℃下高速搅拌2h,最后将单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管中加入40kg分子量为1000的聚己二酸乙二醇酯和50kg二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、在步骤B中得到的混合物中加入到温度为120℃的双螺杆挤出机中,从模头排出的挤出物通过水下切粒切成椭圆形粒料,再在40℃条件下干燥30min,即得本产品。
实施例2
A、将0.08kg单壁碳纳米管加入到15kg1,6-己二醇中,在110℃下高速搅拌2h,最后将单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管中加入45kg分子量为2000的聚己二酸丁二醇酯和40kg二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、在步骤B中得到的混合物中加入到温度为185℃的双螺杆挤出机中,从模头排出的挤出物通过水下切粒切成椭圆形粒料,再在60℃条件下干燥75min,即得本产品。
实施例3
A、将1.2kg单壁碳纳米管加入到15kg1,3-丙二醇中,在110℃下高速搅拌2h,最后将单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管中加入55kg分子量为3000的聚己二酸乙二醇丁二醇酯和30kg甲苯二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、在步骤B中得到的混合物中加入到温度为250℃的双螺杆挤出机中,从模头排出的挤出物通过水下切粒切成椭圆形粒料,再在80℃条件下干燥120min,即得本产品。
实施例4
A、将1.8kg单壁碳纳米管加入到9kg1,4-环己烷二甲醇中,在110℃下高速搅拌2h,最后将单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管中加入55kg分子量为1800的聚醚二元醇和30kg二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、在步骤B中得到的混合物中加入到温度为140℃的双螺杆挤出机中,从模头排出的挤出物通过水下切粒切成椭圆形粒料,再在50℃条件下干燥50min,即得本产品。
实施例5
A、将2kg单壁碳纳米管加入到15kg1,4-环己烷二甲醇中,在110℃下高速搅拌2h,最后将单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管中加入65kg2000的聚己内酯二元醇和20kg甲苯二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、在步骤B中得到的混合物中加入到温度为170℃的双螺杆挤出机中,从模头排出的挤出物通过水下切粒切成椭圆形粒料,再在60℃条件下干燥100min,即得本产品。
将实施例1至实施例5制备得到的本产品进行以下测试,其结果如表1所示:
(1)硬度按ASTM D2240标准进行测试;
(2)拉伸强度按ASTM D412标准进行测试;
(3)表面电阻按ASTM D269标准进行测试;
表1
性能指标 硬度 拉伸强度 表面电阻
单位 ShoreA/D MPa Ω
实施例1 85A 28 1011
实施例2 55D 45 109
实施例3 90D 40 106
实施例4 95D 42 105
实施例5 75A 49 103
通过表1中的数据可以看出,采用本发明的方案制备的热塑性聚氨酯的弹性体的表面电阻最低可以做到103,可以满足下游客户对导电性能的要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其特征在于,由以下重量份原料制成:30-80份大分子二元醇、3-15份小分子二元醇、15-55份二异氰酸酯、0.01-2份单壁碳纳米管。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其特征在于,所述单壁碳纳米管的长径比不小于50。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其特征在于,所述单壁碳纳米管的长径比不小于80。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其特征在于,所述大分子二元醇为聚酯二元醇、聚醚二元醇、聚己内酯二元醇、聚碳酸酯二元醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其特征在于,所述小分子二元醇为乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、新戊二醇、一缩二丙二醇中的一种或几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体,其特征在于,所述二异氰酸酯为甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种的混合物。
7.一种如权利要求1-6所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
A、以重量份计,将单壁碳纳米管加入到小分子二元醇中混匀,得到单壁碳纳米管母液;
B、在步骤A中得到的单壁碳纳米管母液中加入大分子二元醇、二异氰酸酯,得到混合物;
C、将步骤B中得到的混合物加入双螺杆挤出机中,经过挤出、造粒与干燥,即得本产品。
8.根据权利要求7所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤A中,所述单壁碳纳米管母液中单壁碳纳米管的质量分数为0.1-9%。
9.根据权利要求7所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤C中,所述双螺杆挤出机的温度控制在120-250℃。
10.根据权利要求7所述一种抗静电、导电热塑性聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法,其特征在于,在步骤C中,所述干燥温度控制在40-80℃,干燥时间控制在30-120mi n。
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